Corrosion Inhibition Process Research Articles

Electrochemical, surface, and theoretical investigations of palm kernel shell extract as an effective inhibitor for carbon-steel corrosion in 1M HCl solution.

Herein, we employed palm kernel shell extract (PKSE) as an eco-friendly inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic-induced corrosion. The corrosion inhibition of PKSE on carbon steel in 1M HCI solution was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, weight loss, and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Moreover, the elastic modulus and hardness tests were conducted. Weight loss measurements revealed that the optimum concentration of inhibitors is 500ppm with 95.3% inhibition efficiency in 1M HCl solution. Electrochemical results showed that the inhibitor could exhibit excellent corrosion inhibition performance and displayed mixed-type inhibition. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis shows that the inhibition performance increases by increasing the concentration of PKSE. The surface studies ensure the PKSE effectiveness in carbon steel surface damage reduction. Also, the adsorption of PKSE molecules on the carbon steel surface occurs according to the Langmuir isotherm model. The primary goal of this investigation was the utilization of palm kernel shell extract as corrosion inhibitor for 1018 low carbon steel in 1M HCl solution, which highlights its novelty. The present results will be helpful to uncover the versatile importance of palm kernel shell compounds in the corrosion inhibition process.

Comparative studies of Taguchi dynamic analysis, statistical, and artificial neural networks for low-carbon steel corrosion inhibition in acidic media

The aim of the present work is to optimize the corrosion inhibition process of low-carbon steel in 2.5 M phosphoric acid at different temperatures and inhibitor concentrations. The weight loss method is used to evaluate the corrosion rate in the absence or presence of a corrosion inhibitor. Taguchi dynamic (L16), mathematical regression, and artificial neural networks (ANN) are used during the data processing. The outcomes showed that the %IE increased with inhibitor concentration and temperature up to 50 oC. The Taguchi method showed that the optimum conditions for the corrosion inhibition temperature were found to be 50 oC and a 0.05 M KI concentration. Two mathematical models are proposed to construct a relationship between %IE and independent variables: the exponent model (EM) and the polynomial model (PM). PM was more accurate than EM, with a significant correlation coefficient approaching 0.9851. Temperature had a greater effect on the %IE than inhibitor concentration, which was consistent with Taguchi's findings. In ANN analyses, five networks were suggested: linear, a generalized regression neural network (GRNN), radial basis functions (RBF), and two multi-layer perceptron (MLP) networks. The highest correlation coefficient (0.996) and lower absolute error (0.126) were achieved by MLP 2:2-9-4-1:1.

A New Mechanism for the Inhibition of SA106 Gr.B Carbon Steel Corrosion by Nitrite in Alkaline Water.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition of oxide films formed on SA106 Gr.B carbon steel in nitrite solutions at 35 °C for 1000 h. The product of the reduction of nitrite during the corrosion inhibition process was also examined. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results revealed that a thin Fe3O4 film was formed and ammonium ions were adsorbed on the outermost surface of the oxide film. The presence of ammonium ions was also demonstrated by ion chromatography. These results indicate that nitrites are reduced to ammonium ions, which in turn promotes the formation of the protective Fe3O4 film.

Experimental and Computational Investigation of Salicylhydroxamic Acid as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Copper in Alkaline Solutions

Inhibitors, as indispensable components in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) slurries, have a significant impact on inhibiting copper (Cu) corrosion and enhancing post-polishing surface quality. However, one of the major challenges in CMP lies in unraveling the microscopic corrosion inhibition mechanism of Cu. This work focuses on investigating the impact of an inhibitor, salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA), on the static etching rate (SER), electrochemical parameters, and surface morphology of Cu. The experimental findings demonstrate that SHA significantly decreases the SER and corrosion current density of Cu, while notably improving the Cu surface quality. The corrosion inhibition mechanisms of SHA on Cu are revealed through adsorption isotherm models, contact angle analysis, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and computational chemistry method. The benzene ring, oxime group, and O1 atom of SHA exhibit significant chemical reactivity, facilitating the preferential adsorption of SHA on Cu in a parallel orientation, thereby forming a hydrophobic protective film on the Cu surface. This process hinders the interaction between corrosive solutions and Cu, therefore SHA exhibits excellent corrosion inhibition performance on Cu. These findings hold great importance in gaining a deeper comprehension of the corrosion inhibition process of Cu, and provide guidance for designing more efficient inhibitors.

Assessing the anti-corrosive properties of 2,6-bis-furan-2ylmethylene-cyclohexanone as a carbon steel inhibitor in 0.5M HCl solution

This study investigated the effectiveness of 2, 6-bis-furan-2ylmethylene-cyclohexanone as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in a 0.5 M HCl solution through a combination of experimental and theoretical methodologies. Firstly, the study employs weight loss analysis, revealing that the presence of 0.10 ppm of the inhibitor leads to a significant inhibition efficiency (IE) of 93.40 % against corrosion in acidic conditions. Polarization studies further elucidate the inhibitor's role, indicating its function as a cathodic inhibitor and its influence on the corrosion kinetics of carbon steel. Moreover, alternating current impedance spectra are analysed to gain insights into the electrical behaviour of the protective film formed by the inhibitor and its consequent impact on the corrosion resistance of carbon steel. The composition of this protective film, comprising both carbon steel and 2, 6-bis-furan-2ylmethylene-cyclohexanone was confirmed using advanced imaging techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In addition to experimental investigation, a theoretical approach was also employed using Density Functional Theory (DFT) to predict the behaviour of the inhibitor at the molecular level on the surface of carbon steel. This theoretical framework facilitates a deeper understanding of the interactions between inhibitor molecules and the carbon steel surface, offered insights into the mechanisms underlying the corrosion inhibition process. By utilizing quantum chemical calculations, the study aims to elucidate the inhibitory properties of 2,6-bis-furan-2ylmethylene-cyclohexanone against corrosion of carbon steel, thereby contributing to the development of effective corrosion inhibition strategies.

Grape Seed Extract as an Environment-Friendly Green Inhibitor for Corrosion of Mild Steel in 1 M Sulfamic Acid

A corrosion inhibition study of mild steel in 1 M sulfamic acid was conducted using grape seed extract (GSE) as a possible green inhibitor. Electrochemical techniques were adopted to measure the corrosion rate in both the absence and presence of the GSE. Conditions were standardized to obtain optimum inhibition efficiency by varying the concentration of inhibitor and temperature. The kinetic parameters were calculated using the Arrhenius equation. Surface analysis was conducted by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) techniques. A suitable mechanism was proposed for the corrosion inhibition process. Grape seed extract showed a maximum efficiency of 65%, with a concentration of 0.24 g/L at 303 K from potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) studies. With the increase in temperature, the efficiency decreased, resulting in the GSE inhibitor’s physical adsorption. Surface morphology studies supported the adsorption of GSE on mild steel. GSE acted as an efficient green inhibitor with environmental benefits.

Botanical corrosion inhibitors in reinforced concrete: material sustainability assessment and analysis - a review

Various methodologies have emerged over the past few decades aimed at controlling and mitigating corrosion. A new field has emerged in controlling corrosion through the use of plant-based corrosion inhibitors. The exploration of botanical extracts’ efficacy marks a significant shift in corrosion science, tapping into the potential and utility offered by green plants. This comprehensive study serves as a review encompassing the spectrum of botanical extracts and their applications in diverse contexts concerning reinforced structures. This research critically assesses the correlation between phytochemical compositions, the methodologies employed in solvent extraction, and the adsorption mechanisms pivotal for enhancing the efficacy of plant extracts in corrosion inhibition. The primary objective lies in uncovering the role of inhibitors in safeguarding embedded steel within concrete structures while aiming to curtail corrosion rates. A focal point of this investigation revolves around the transition from employing toxic inhibitors to environmentally friendly botanical extracts for corrosion mitigation. Furthermore, this study accentuates the range of botanical extracts used as corrosion inhibitors shedding light on the specific phytochemical components responsible for driving the corrosion inhibition process. Notably, it expounds upon the future prospects of corrosion inhibitors, outlining the inherent challenges that must be addressed to facilitate their scalability for widespread commercial utilization.

Experimental, theoretical and computational studies of oxalyl dihydrazide as a novel corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in neutral saline solution

In this work, the corrosion inhibition performance and mechanism of oxalyl dihydrazide (ODH) for mild steel in neutral saline solution are in-depth studied using weight-loss and electrochemical tests, surface characterizations, theoretical calculation and computational simulations. Results indicate that ODH can act as a novel and superior mixed-type corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in neutral saline solution, its corrosion inhibition efficiency increases with the rising ODH concentration, and the optimum value reaches 88.7 % with adding 200 mg/L. Its corrosion inhibition ability becomes better with immersion time. A compact corrosion product film mainly consisting of Fe, O, N and Cl elements formed on metal surface after adding ODH. ODH molecules adsorb on metal surface in an orderly fashion to form a hydrophobic film, which is belonging to the physicochemical adsorption and obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The corrosion inhibition process of ODH molecule on mild steel is the endothermic process, which enlarges the activation energy barrier of corrosion reactions. ODH molecule can expel the adsorbed water molecules on metal surface and form copolymers with increasing of ODH concentration, retarding the diffusion of water molecule thus protecting metal from corrosion. ODH is proved to be an effective organic corrosion inhibitor for protecting mild steel in neutral saline solution, and contributes toward research and application of easily accessible sources for organic corrosion inhibitors.

Corrosion mitigation of 6061 aluminium alloy hybrid metal matrix composite using a green inhibitor: experimental and theoretical investigations

Carbohydrate compounds are recognized potent green corrosion inhibitors owing to their structural properties and eco-friendliness. This study showed the effectiveness of glucosamine sulfate (GAS), an eco-friendly green inhibitor, in mitigating the deterioration of 6061 aluminium alloy reinforced with 2% SiC and 2% B4C hybrid composite (6061AA-HMMC) material in 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) medium. Electrochemical measurements were carried out to quantify the corrosion rate in the absence and presence of the GAS. The results were included in an acceptable adsorption isotherm model, and a suitable mechanism for the corrosion inhibition process was discussed in detail. To comprehend the method of adsorption, the Freundlich isotherm model was applied. Different characterization techniques were used to verify the adsorption of the investigated inhibitor. The optimized structure of the GAS was analysed using density functional theory to provide further insight into its interaction with the metal surface. The infrared (IR) and UV-visible (UV) spectra for the adsorption of the inhibitor molecule were compared with the IR and UV spectra calculated by B3LYP/6-311++G(d, p).

Response Optimisation and Modelling of Experimental Data on the Performance of <i>Lasienthera africanum</i> Leaves Extract as a Corrosion Inhibitor on Mild Steel in Hydrochloric-Induced Environment

In this study, the CCD response surface methodology was used to model and optimise the performance of Lasienthera africanum leaves extract (LALE) as a corrosion inhibitor on mild steel. The experimental parameters were assessed at different immersion time and inhibitor concentration to determine the optimum conditions for corrosion mitigation. Using experimental results of the corrosion characteristics such as the weight loss, corrosion rate, and inhibition efficiency of LALE, new models were developed, the significance of which was tested using variance analysis. The developed RSM models of WL, CR, and IE were accurate and reliable, and their P-values were 0.0001, which is less than 0.05. Likewise, the R2-statistics (R2, adjusted-R2, and predicted-R2), adequate precision, and diagnostic plots were also used as a means to ascertain the degree of accuracy and adequacy of the WL, CR, and IE models. In addition, optimization of the corrosion inhibition process for LALE revealed that the optimum conditions for maximum IE, minimum WL, and CR were achieved at a concentration of 93.93 ppm and an immersion time of 228 hrs. Under these settings, the inhibition efficiency, weight loss, and corrosion rate were 93.85%, 0.294g and 3.267 mm/y, respectively. Therefore, the models are considered ideal for prediction with a confidence level of 95%, and the optimal combination is suitable for the corrosion inhibition process design. Hence these models can be recommended for applications such as oil well acidizing and pickling pipelines.

Eco-friendly corrosion inhibition of steel in acid pickling using Prunus domestica Seeds and Okra stems extracts

The corrosion inhibition process during acid pickling in petroleum industries often employs toxic chemicals, facing stringent environmental regulations. This study explores a sustainable alternative by investigating the inhibitory effects of eco-friendly food waste extracts, namely Prunus domestica seeds (P.S) and Okra stems (O.St), on B7 grade steel corrosion in 1.0 M HCl aqueous solution, simulating an acid pickling environment. The corrosion inhibition efficiency was estimated via both electrochemical methods, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization techniques, and chemical methods, such as weight loss measurements. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) elucidated the extracts' main functional groups and potential chemical constituents. Remarkably, both extracts exhibited a maximum inhibitory efficiency of up to 80 %. Adsorption isotherms were employed to analyze the inhibition mechanisms, including Langmuir and Flory–Huggins models, alongside the Kinetic-thermodynamic model. Activation parameters have been obtained using Arrhenius and transition state equations. The synthesis of the activated complex is characterized as an endothermic process, as evidenced by the positive values of enthalpy of activation (ΔH*). Conversely, negative entropy of activation (ΔS*) values indicate that the activated complex signifies a process of association rather than separation. Quantum chemical calculations identified potential active inhibitor compounds within the extracts. The quantum parameters, including ionization potential, electronegativity, softness, and hardness of the chemical constituents of the extracts, were calculated using DFT with the B3LYP/6–31 G(+) method. This study underscores the innovative approach of utilizing waste food extracts as corrosion inhibitors, addressing environmental concerns while offering practical implications for industrial applications.

Selective etching-induced surface modifications of FeCrAl alloy bipolar plates: Mechanisms for enhanced corrosion resistance and hydrophobicity

The FeCrAl alloy has been considered a potential candidate material for bipolar plates (BPs) in fuel cells, emphasizing the improvement of corrosion resistance through surface modification. This study involves a selective etching process that facilitates the preferential dissolution of iron ions to establish a high-chromium surface, enhancing both corrosion resistance and hydrophobic properties. This crucial etching process alters the surface roughness and enhances the surface energy. The transformed rough surface due to surface polishing and etching changes from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, which facilitates corrosion management and moisture control based on the Cassie-Baxter model. The modified micro/nanostructure of the FeCrAl alloy surface and the reconstituted protective film exhibit excellent corrosion inhibition and long-term stability. The study elucidates how the correlation between surface free energy (SFE) and the formation of hydrophobic and rough surfaces acts as a mechanism for enhancing the corrosion resistance of FeCrAl surfaces. Utilizing the Van Oss-Chaudhury-Good (Van Oss) method based on the Lewis acid/base theory further clarifies this corrosion inhibition process, proposing a novel approach that offers significant advantages over traditional methods. Furthermore, this method offers economic and efficient benefits compared with traditional coating methods, providing a promising avenue for reliable corrosion protection in fuel cell applications.

Synthesis and characterization of selenium-polyvinyl alcohol nanoparticles as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1.0 M H2SO4

Selenium nanoparticles capped with polyvinyl alcohol (Se-PVA NPs) have been synthesized by chemical reduction using ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, DLS, zeta potential, FT-IR, and TEM analysis and found to be stable. The solution of Se-PVA NPs was used as a carbon steel corrosion inhibitor in 1.0 M H2SO4. The effect of the presence of Se-PVA NPs in the corrosion medium was studied by potentiodynamic polarization and gravimetric analyses In the presence of Se-PVA NPs with a concentration of 600 ppm at 303 K, corrosion inhibition efficiency values of 92.86 % and 92.3 % were recorded by potentiodynamic polarization and gravimetric analysis methods, respectively. Over the Se-PVA NPs concentration range 100–600 ppm, it was found that increasing the concentration increases the inhibition efficiency, while the temperature has an adverse effect, inhibition efficiency values of 80.0 % was recorded at 323 K for the 600 ppm Se-PVA NPs solution. The potentiodynamic polarization measurements suggested that Se-PVA NPs work as a mixed-type inhibitor. The corrosion inhibition process was confirmed by testing the used specimens’ metal surface using SEM and AFM techniques, which showed that the acidic medium’s negative impact (distortion and roughness) on the carbon steel surface was reduced significantly in the presence of Se-PVA NPs. The inhibitor’s adsorption on the metal surface was studied. It obeys the Langmuir isotherm with a mixed-type adsorption process. The related kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were investigated.

CUCURBITA PEPO FLOWER EXTRACT AS A CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR MILD STEEL IN ACIDIC MEDIUM

An investigation into the corrosion inhibition potentials of the flower of Cucurbita pepo was undertaken. The gravimetric and gasometric methods of corrosion measurements were employed at temperatures of thirty and sixty degree celcius. Ethanoic extract of the flower of Cucurbita pepo was used as a corrosion inhibitor in 0.5 M HCl and the results revealed that it mitigated the corrosion of mild steel in the acidic medium. The inhibition efficiency of the plant increased with concentration and it is temperature dependent. The experimental data fitted to the Temkin adsorption isotherm model. A mechanism of physical adsorption is proposed for the corrosion inhibition process. This work provides novel information on the possibility of using the flower of Cucurbita pepo as a corrosion inhibitor.

The Power of Lichens: New Eco‐Friendly Corrosion Inhibitors from Nature

AbstractThis research explores an environmentally friendly alternative: lichens, which produce natural compounds with antioxidant effects. This study focuses on the inhibition of corrosion by lichens, which has not been previously explored for this purpose. The anti‐corrosion potential of methanol extracts of Parmotrema hypoleucinum, Roccella phycopsis, and Xanthoria parietina was examined. The electrochemical impedance and weight loss methods were used to examine the corrosion inhibition process of mild steel XC48 in 1 M HCl by three lichen extracts.

Understanding the Corrosion Inhibitor Dispersion Process in Water through Interaction between Stearic Acid and Alkane

Oil-soluble and water-dispersible corrosion inhibitors are used to mitigate corrosion in pipelines. The performance of corrosion inhibitors has been described mainly in terms of the adsorption of surfactants on metal surfaces. However, the partition of the surfactant from oil to water and its dispersion in water should also significantly affect the corrosion inhibition mechanism of pipelines operating in metal-oil-water systems. Based on this perspective, we investigate the influence of oil on the dispersion process of surfactants. To this end, we measured the inhibition performance, surface tension, and dispersion into the aqueous phase for a simple model inhibitor consisting of stearic acid (surfactant) and alkanes (oil). The results indicate that the mixing of oil with surfactant increases the amount of dispersion in water by decreasing the interfacial tension, thereby improving the corrosion inhibition performance. This strongly suggests that the dispersion of surfactant in the aqueous phase is essentially important in the corrosion inhibition process in metal-oil-water systems as a preliminary step to the formation of hydrophobic film on the metal surface.

Optimization and Predictive Modelling of Gravimetric Corrosion Characteristic of Irvingia Gabonensis Leaves Extracts as Anti Corrosion Inhibitor of Mild Steel in HCl Solution

In this research, the optimization and predictive modeling of gravimetric corrosion characteristics of Irvingia gabonensis leaf extracts (IGLE) as an anti-corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in hydrochloric acid were investigated. Design expert software version 11 were used to analyze the corrosion inhibition-related process characteristics, such as inhibition efficiency, corrosion rate, and weight loss, and their relationships. An effort were made to obtain the optimal conditions for these corrosion inhibition-related process characteristics. Weight loss measurement and design methodology were used for the evaluation of the inhibition efficiency of IGLE for mild steel in HCl. The corrosion inhibition process variables were optimized and predictive regression models were developed using Box-Behnken tool of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The findings showed that there were a good fit between the model predictions and the experimental results. The quadratic models developed were significant with P value less than 0.05. The research established an inhibition efficiency of 88.9%, a corrosion rate of 0.143mm/yr, and a weight loss of 0.02 g, which were obtained at the optimum conditions of an extract concentration of 0.6 g/L, an immersion time of 16 hrs, and a temperature of 298K.Therefore, the models were considered ideal for prediction with a confidence level of 95%, and the optimal combination is suitable for the corrosion inhibition process design. Hence these models can be recommended for applications such as oil well acidizing and pickling pipelines.

Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in HCl Solution Using MPO: Experimental and Theoretical Insights

Corrosion is a pervasive challenge in various industrial applications, particularly in acidic environments. This comprehensive study delves into the effectiveness of 2-methyl-4-propyl-1,3-oxathiane (MPO) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel exposed to hydrochloric acid (HCl) solutions. The investigation employs weight loss techniques to assess the inhibitor's performance over varying durations (ranging from 1 to 48 hours) and concentrations (0.1 to 1 mM). At a concentration of 0.5 mM, the inhibitor demonstrates impressive inhibitory efficiency, ranging from 87.6% at 303 K to 92.9% at 333 K during a 5-hour exposure period. Additionally, the impact of temperature on the corrosion inhibition process is examined at temperatures of 303, 313, 323, and 333 K, showing substantial inhibition efficiencies. Quantum chemical calculations using Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods elucidate the molecular interactions between MPO and the metal surface. Notably, the analysis of EHOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital Energy), ELUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital Energy), Egap (Energy Gap), total hardness (η), electronegativity (χ), and electron fraction transition atom (ΔN) reveals valuable insights into MPO's corrosion inhibition capabilities. The outcomes underscore MPO's potential as an effective corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl environments, laying the groundwork for more efficient corrosion prevention strategies in industrial settings.

UTILIZATION OF PURPLE SWEET POTATO LEAVES (Ipomoea batatas L.) AS IRON CORROSION INHIBITOR IN HYDROCHLORIC ACID MEDIUM

The aim of this investigation is to assess the effectiveness of iron inhibition and the rate at which iron corrodes in HCl solution media using leaf from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) powder and extract. Immersing iron in a 3% HCl solution for 12 days while adding 9 grams of inhibitor produced the lowest corrosion rate and maximum inhibition efficiency. In these conditions, a concentrated extract of purple sweet potato leaves produced a corrosion rate of 0.3197 mg/cm2 .day and an inhibitory efficiency of 96.7191%. Then using an inhibitor of purple sweet potato leaf powder, the corrosion rate that occurs is 0.4585 mg/𝑐𝑚ଶ .day and inhibition efficiency of 95.2942%. The reaction rate of the corrosion inhibition process using purple sweet potato leaf extract and powder is a first-order reaction. The lowest reaction rate constant was for purple sweet potato powder, 0.0007 mg/day, and purple sweet potato extract, 0.0006 mg/day. These data indicate that concentrated extract and purple sweet potato leaf powder have good inhibition performance.

Isolation, Characterisation and Corrosion Inhibition Evaluation of 1, 3, 5-Trimethoxymethylbenzenefrom Seeds Extract of Cola nitida on Mild Steel Surface in Hyhrochloric Acid Solution

Corrosion inhibition of Mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid solution by 1, 3, 5-trimethoxymethylbenzene (TMMB) isolated from seeds extract of Cola nitida was studied using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic methods. TMMB was isolated from seeds of C. nitida by 72 hours maceration of the chopped seeds with dichloromethane. Filtered and concentrated extract was subjected to a combination of vacuum liquid, column and thin layer chromatographic techniques. The isolated compound was characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) spectrophotometer, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (+H-NMR), C13 – NMR and DEPT-135 NMR spectrophotmeters. The results showed that the inhibition efficiency recorded by the weight loss method increased with the increase in TMMB concentration, but decreased with increasing temperature. The inhibition efficiencies recorded by the potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic methods also increased with increase in the concentration of TMMB. The calculated thermodynamic parameters showed that the corrosion inhibition process was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements confirmed that TMMB worked as a mixed – type inhibitor considering the value of Ecorrbeing less than 85 mV. Impedance measurement revealed that the charge transfer resistance offered by TMMB to the migration of aggressive ions on the surface of mild steel in acidic solution was enough to impede corrosion. The best line of fit to the adsorption of TMMB onto mild steel surface was found in Temkin isotherm. Formation of protective dense film on the steel surface in the presence of TMMB compared to the blank was revealed by scanning electron microscopy. The molecular structure of TMMB was optimized using Gausian 09 with density functional theory [DFT/B3LYP/6-31G (d,p)]. Physical adsorption has been proposed for the adsorption of TMMB onto mild steel surface.