Hydrochloric Acid Corrosion Research Articles

Measurement of Hydrogen Produced during Magnesium Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid and the Effect of the Triton X‐100 Surfactant on Hydrogen Production

AbstractThe goal of this article is to measure hydrogen produced during the corrosion of magnesium in HCl and the influence of the Triton X‐100 surfactant on hydrogen production. It was found that the hydrogen produced during corrosion of Mg in HCl increased with increasing HCl concentration, stirring rate, temperature, and time of immersion. The addition of the Triton X‐100 surfactant inhibits the amount of hydrogen evolved. The inhibition behavior was explained on the basis of adsorption of Triton X‐100 molecules on the Mg surface creating a barrier for mass and charge transport, which protects the Mg surface from aggressive ions. The activation thermodynamic parameter values were calculated and explicated. Some theoretical chemical parameters were also calculated. The results obtained from the theoretical calculations are in agreement with the practical results.

Adsorption Activity and Molecular Dynamics Study on Anti-corrosion Mechanism of Q235 Steel

The correlation between inhibition efficiency and molecular structures of the inhibitor during hydrochloric acid corrosion of Q235 steel was studied by quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics(MD) simulation. The proton affinity(PA) calculations demonstrated that 2-(quinolin-2-yl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one inhibitor has the tendency to be protonated in hydrochloric acid, which was in good agreement with experimental observations. Besides, quantum chemical parameters revealed that the protonated corrosion inhibitor molecules were more easily adsorbed on Q235 steel surface and improved the corrosion resistance of steel. MD simulations were implemented to search for the adsorption behavior of this molecule on Fe (110) surface, which might be used as a convenient tool for estimating the interaction mechanism between inhibitor and iron surface.

Investigation of Inhibition Effect of Ketoconazole on Mild Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid

Investigation of Inhibition Effect of Ketoconazole on Mild Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid

Effect of Mentha Piperita essential oil on mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

Effect of Mentha Piperita essential oil on mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

Enhanced inhibitive performance of fluoro-substituted imidazolium-based ionic liquid for mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid at elevated temperature

In this work, two imidazolium-based ionic liquids 1-(2-aminoethyl)-1-dodecyl-2-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-ium chloride ([ADMDI]Cl) and 1-(2-aminoethyl)-1-dodecyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-ium chloride ([ADTDI]Cl) were synthesized for the first time and their inhibitive effects on the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution at elevated temperature were investigated by experimental and theoretical methods. The results of weight loss tests show the studied ionic liquids (ILs) can effectively retard the serious corrosion of mild steel and that the greatest efficiencies obtained at 368 K are 86.3% for [ADMDI]Cl and 92.7% for [ADTDI]Cl. Potentiodynamic polarization curves suggest those compounds act as cathodic-type inhibitors and that [ADTDI]Cl has the better inhibiting performance than [ADMDI]Cl, especially at low concentration. It is indicated by the study of scanning electron microscope (SEM) that both the surface morphology and the internal structure of mild steel samples are severely damaged by the corrosive environment at 368 K. However, such bad situation is greatly improved by using IL additives. The higher inhibition efficiency of fluoro-substituted IL proved by experimental results can be explained by theoretical studies. The data of quantum chemical calculations show the introduction of fluoro group can increase the amount of free electrons transferred from IL molecule to the vacant d-orbital of Fe atom and strengthen the dipole–dipole interaction between inhibitor and metal surface. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations suggest [ADTDI]Cl has the higher adsorption energy than [ADMDI]Cl, which also confirms the better performance of the former as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acid environment at elevated temperature.

Nano‐scaled and aggregated films to protect carbon steel from corrosion in hydrochloric acid

An efficient corrosion inhibitor named BTA‐IM is reported in this contribution. The inhibition performance of BTA‐IM for carbon steel in 1 M HCl is investigated and the possible inhibition mechanism is proposed. According to weight‐loss experiments, the inhibition efficiency of BTA‐IM can reach to 98%. Secondly, the morphology investigation illustrates that the nano‐scaled, dendrimer‐like, and multi‐layer films cover the metal surface regularly and compactly through self‐assembly. Thirdly, the thickness of the films on surface of metal is gradually increased with the increasing dosage of inhibitor, and the aggregated films are obtained. Possibly, the aggregated films are born of absorption films and the increased concentration of BTA‐IM, giving rise to the regular and compact films.

Symmetrical Fluorinated Dialkyl Carbonates as Precursors of Promising Materials

Fluorinated carbamates were synthesized in high yield by reactions of di(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl) carbonate with N,N-dimethylethylenediamine and N-methylpiperazine without a base. The compounds obtained show promise as additives to industrial oils, improving the tribological characteristics of a friction pair, as precursors of quaternary ammonium salts reducing the rate of uniform hydrochloric acid corrosion of low-carbon steel, and as effective catalysts of curing of epoxy resins.

Low cost aqueous extract of Pisum sativum peels for inhibition of mild steel corrosion

This work investigates the potential of Pisum sativum (green pea) peels for the inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid (HCl) at varied temperatures. Various techniques, like weight loss measurements, tafel polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), UV–visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), have been used to test the inhibition properties of aqueous Pisum sativum peels extract (APSPE) in acid media. The results indicate that APSPE effectively inhibits the corrosion of mild steel by covering the active corrosion sites on the mild steel surface and thus lowers the electrochemical activity of the surface exposed in HCl solution. The maximum inhibition efficiencies of APSPE system at 400 mg L−1 concentration in 1 M HCl are reported as: 91%, weight loss; 87% polarization curves; and 90% by EIS. The corrosion behavior of mild steel in presence of APSPE has also been investigated in the range of 1 to 4 M HCl at room temperature as well as at varied temperatures (303−333 K) in 1 M HCl. The process of mild steel corrosion inhibition in HCl by APSPE has been explained by ion chromatography analysis and DFT calculations.

Experimental investigation for corrosion inhibition of mild steel in hydrochloric acid bath by 3-[(5-phenyl-1,3,-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino]-2-oxoindoline

We examined the anti-corrosion activity of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid (1 M) media caused by the Schiff base 3-[(5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino]-2-oxoindoline. Weight-loss measurements and scanning electron microscopy were performed during the investigation. The measurements showed that the inhibition efficiency of chemical compound increased with its increasing concentration. This inhibitor functioned through adsorption following the Langmuir isotherm and the electronic properties obtained through the Austin Model 1. Semi empirical method was found to be correlated with the inhibitor’s experimental efficiency by the nonlinear regression method. The organic compound was synthesized effectively through a reaction between indoline-2,3-dione and 5-amino-2-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol. Various spectroscopic techniques were used to characterize the synthesized inhibitor.

Effective inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid using EBIMOT, a 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole derivative bearing a 2-ethylbenzimidazole moiety: Electro analytical, computational and kinetic studies

A new organic compound, 5-((2-ethyl-1Hbenzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol (EBIMOT) has been investigated for its efficacy in the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 0.5 M HCl at three different temperatures by classical weight loss technique, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) methods. EBIMOT shows high inhibition activity through adsorption and this phenomenon was found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The kinetic parameters were also derived using the experimental data. The quantum chemical DFT studies were used to correlate the interrelation of inhibition efficiency and molecular structure.

An Environmentally Friendly Approach Towards Mitigation of Al Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid by Yellow Colour Ripe Arecanut Husk Extract: Introducing Potential and Sustainable Inhibitor for Material Protection

The effect of extracts of yellow colour ripe arecanut husk on the inhibition of Al corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution was examined through weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Weight loss results show that yellow colour ripe arecanut husk extract acts as a good adsorption green corrosion inhibitor for Al metal in 0.5 M HCl solution. The protection efficiency of the inhibitor varied with the inhibitor concentration. The protective action of the yellow colour ripe arecanut husk extract increased with the increase in its amounts in 0.5 M HCl solution. The Langmuir isotherm model shows that yellow colour ripe arecanut husk extract inhibits the Al corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution by adsorption mechanism. Tafel curves proved that yellow colour ripe arecanut husk extract is mixed-type inhibitor. Results of Nyquist curves confirmed that adsorption of yellow colour ripe arecanut husk extract species led to a enhance in charge transfer resistance values and decrease in the values of double-layer capacitance. Both scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques are used to examine the Al surface morphology without and with the yellow colour ripe arecanut husk extract. Protection efficiency obtained by chemical and electrochemical techniques at different inhibitor concentrations.

DFT and experimental studies on the inhibition potentials of expired Tramadol drug on mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

The effectiveness of expired Tramadol (ETr) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1M HCl solution was tested by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), surface analysis (SEM and AFM), and density functional theory (DFT) methods The data obtained from EIS and PDP curve indicated the inhibition efficiency is in direct relationship to Tramadol concentration. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm data confirms a physiochemical mechanism. The SEM and AFM analyses reveal a smoother surface of mild steel. The DFT calculations were used to evaluate the electronic parameters of the neutral and protonated forms of the drug.

Inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric using three different 1,2,4-triazole Schiff's bases: A comparative study of electrochemical, theoretical and spectroscopic results

The inhibition properties of three triazole Schiff's bases namely, (4-(4-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl)dimethanol (HATD), (4-(4-methoxybenzylideneamino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl)dimethanol (MATD) and (4-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylideneamino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl)dimethanol (DMATD) for mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid have been investigated by weight loss, electrochemical, spectroscopic and computational studies. The results showed that synthesized compounds act as effective inhibitors for mild steel in hydrochloric acid. Inhibition efficiency of these inhibitors increases with inhibitor concentration, but decreases with temperature and acid concentration. The inhibition efficiencies obtained from experimental studies are in good agreement with theoretically calculated values and results of spectroscopic studies.

Synthesis and hydrochloric acid corrosion of spindle-like and flower-like crystals used for preparation of porous materials from recycled glass

Synthesis and hydrochloric acid corrosion of spindle-like and flower-like crystals used for preparation of porous materials from recycled glass

Inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid using two novel pyridine Schiff base derivatives: a comparative study of experimental and theoretical results

Herein, we present a comparative study of experimental and theoretical results on the inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid using two novel pyridine Schiff base derivatives.

Correction: Inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid using two novel pyridine Schiff base derivatives: a comparative study of experimental and theoretical results

Correction for ‘Inhibition of mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid using two novel pyridine Schiff base derivatives: a comparative study of experimental and theoretical results’ by Yue Meng et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 43014–43029.

Inhibition impact Investigation of ((5-thiophen-2-ylmethylene) amino)-2-mercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole on mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

Inhibition impact Investigation of ((5-thiophen-2-ylmethylene) amino)-2-mercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole on mild steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid

Protection of low-carbon steel from corrosion in hydrochloric acid by 4-substituted 1,2,4-triazole

A new corrosion inhibitor of low-carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solutions, IFKhAN-96, which is a derivative of 4-substituted 1,2,4-triazole and is more efficient than the known industrial inhibitor catamine AB, has been developed. Based on data of weight loss studies, IFKhAN-96 can be used for protection of low-carbon steels in hydrochloric acid solutions with wide ranges of concentration (1.0–6.0 M) and temperature (25–95°C). XPE spectroscopy showed that the high protective action of the IFKhAN-96 inhibitor against corrosion of steel is a consequence of the formation of the protective layer on the metal surface, which consists of a mixture of iron(II) chloride and oxide with a thickness of 4–7 nm. The adsorbed monolayer of IFKhAN-96 inhibitor is located above it.

Corrosion inhibition properties of 1,2,4-Hetrocyclic Systems: Electrochemical, theoretical and Monte Carlo simulation studies

Inhibition of mild steel corrosion in 1N hydrochloric acid with 4-amino-6-methyl-3-thioxo-3,4-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-one (AMTDT) and (4-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-diyl) dimethanol (ATD) was investigated by polarization (Tafel), electrochemical impedance (EIS), adsorption and computational calculations at 27°C. The mixed type inhibitor property of these inhibitor molecules was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization studies. It was revealed that the effectiveness of inhibition is influenced by several factors such as the nature and state of the metal surface, the type of corrosive medium, the structure of the chemical compound used as inhibitor and molecular electronic parameters. Obvious correlations were found between corrosion inhibition efficiency and some quantum chemical parameters. Monte Carlo simulations were applied to search for the most stable configuration and adsorption energy for the interaction of inhibitors on Fe (111) interface. Calculated results indicated that the difference in inhibition efficiencies between the compounds can be clearly explained in terms of frontier molecular orbital theory.

Corrosion Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution and Flow

The corrosion behaviors of austenitic stainless steels, 304 and 316L as a contrast material, are investigated in hydrochloric acid corrosion under different conditions including immersion corrosion, single-phase flow and two-phase flow, respectively. The corrosion mass loss test and electrochemical test were carried out to evaluate the influence of medium temperature and concentration. The specimen surface morphologies and chemical compositions were obtained using scanning electron microscope to analyze the corrosion mechanism. The results show that the static corrosion rates of 304 and 316L steels and erosion corrosion rates of 304 steel increase obviously with the medium temperature increasing, but, the effect of hydrochloric acid concentration on their corrosion rate is less than that of the temperature. The corrosion current density values of 304 stainless steel increase and its passivation region of the polarization curve becomes narrowing and disappeared as the medium temperature increase. Uniform corrosion is the main way found on the surfaces of the stainless steels at room temperature in the hydrochloric acid solution. However, the selective corrosion occurs on their surface with the medium temperature increasing, and the higher temperature and concentration of corrosion medium, the more serious selective corrosion.