Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel Research Articles

Experimental Study, Molecular Simulation, and Modelling of Green and Novel Dillenia Suffruticosa Leaves Extract for Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in 1.0 M Hydrochloric Acid Solution

Experimental Study, Molecular Simulation, and Modelling of Green and Novel Dillenia Suffruticosa Leaves Extract for Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in 1.0 M Hydrochloric Acid Solution

Modeliranje inhibitornog ponašanja ekstrakta lista papaje na koroziju mekog čelika u 1,5 m HCL

This current study employed the predictive models driven by the artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple regression (MR) to forecast the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 1.5 M HCl by the leaves of the Carica papaya plant. Corrosion studies were carried out using the weight loss method at room temperature. The corrosion rate of the mild steel coupon, obtained from the study environment was predicted taking into cognizance the influence of the independent variables viz: the time of exposure, the concentration of HCl (1.5 M), and the concentration of the papaya leaf juice. The fresh papaya leaves were obtained within the surrounding of the Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. A grinding machine powered by an internal combustion engine was used for grinding the fresh leaves, and a white cloth was utilized to squeeze out the juice. Filtration of the produced juice was done twice with a clean white cloth. Different bowls containing mild steel coupons (5.0 x 5.0 x 0.1 cm) and HCl (1.5 M) solutions were treated with Carica papaya leaf extracts at concentrations of 5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml, and 20 ml. Results indicated that the highest inhibition efficiency of 95.91% was observed after 120 hours when 20 ml of papaya leaf extract was added. Conversely, the highest corrosion rate of 114.19 mpy was recorded after 24 hours of exposure to HCl (1.5 M) with 5 ml of papaya leaf extract. Generally, the addition of papaya leaf extract in different concentrations added to 1.5 M HCl resulted in a decrease in the rate of mild steel corrosion over time. It was noted that the prediction of the experimental corrosion rate by the artificial neural network offered a lesser error in comparison with that obtained by multiple regression according to the error margin obtained after the prediction of the experimental corrosion rate.

Determination of the corrosion inhibiting properties of ethanol extract of Pennisetum purpureum in acidic solutions

The corrosion inhibition of mild steel by leave extract of Pennisetum purpureum (PP) in 1 M HCl and H_2 SO_4 was studied using gravimetric, electrochemical and computer simulation methods of corrosion monitoring. The results obtained showed that the PP extract retarded the mild steel corrosion in both acidic solutions and that inhibition efficiency improved with concentration increase but decreased gradually with prolonged exposure time. Electrochemical results revealed that the extract reduced both the anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions by the adsorption of some of its chemical constituents on the metal surface. To further confirm the adsorption characteristics of the extract, some of its constituents were simulated using density functional theory simulation method.

Experimental and Theoretical Analysis on Mild Steel Corrosion Inhibition by Two Novel Compounds (FD and ACP) in Acidic Media

Experimental and Theoretical Analysis on Mild Steel Corrosion Inhibition by Two Novel Compounds (FD and ACP) in Acidic Media

Mild Steel Corrosion Inhibition in 1 M HCl by an Alcoholic Extract of Sargassum Muticum

Mild Steel Corrosion Inhibition in 1 M HCl by an Alcoholic Extract of Sargassum Muticum

Insights into the adsorption and corrosion inhibition properties of newly synthesized diazinyl derivatives for mild steel in hydrochloric acid: synthesis, electrochemical, SRB biological resistivity and quantum chemical calculations.

Two azo derivatives, 4-((4-hydroxy-3-((4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl) diazinyl) benzenesulfonic acid (TODB) and 4-((3-((4,4-dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohexylidene) methyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)diazinyl) benzenesulfonic acid (DODB) were synthesized and characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and mass spectral studies. Gravimetric methods, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques and inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy were used to verify the above two compounds' ability to operate as mild steel (MS) corrosion inhibitors in 1 M HCl. Tafel data suggest that TODB and DODB have mixed-type characteristics, and EIS findings demonstrate that increasing their concentration not only alters the charge transfer (R ct) of mild steel from 6.88 Ω cm2 to 112.9 Ω cm2 but also changes the capacitance of the adsorbed double layer (C dl) from 225.36 to 348.36 μF cm-2. At 7.5 × 10-4 M concentration, the azo derivatives showed the highest corrosion inhibition of 94.9% and 93.6%. The inhibitory molecule adsorption on the metal substrate followed the Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic activation functions of the dissolution process were also calculated as a function of inhibitor concentration. UV-vis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques were used to confirm the adsorption phenomenon. The quantum chemical parameters, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICPE) measurements, and the anti-bacterial effect of these new derivatives against sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were also investigated. Taken together, the acquired results demonstrate that these compounds can create an appropriate preventing surface and regulate the corrosion rate.

Investigating the synthesized sodium gluconate‐loaded chitosan microspheres on mild steel corrosion inhibition in acidic medium

In this research, the sodium gluconate‐loaded chitosan microspheres (SG/CM) are prepared by negative pressure impregnation after chitosan (CS) hydrothermally synthesized with vanillin (VA) to form chitosan microspheres (CM), which is in shape of ellipsoidal spheroid. The structures of the prepared micron materials are investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while tungsten filament scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to characterize the morphology of the prepared. Moreover, the thermogravimetric characterization reveals that loading sodium gluconate made it more thermally stable. The corrosion inhibition performance of CS, CM, and SG/CM is investigated in 0.1 mol/L HCl by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), indicating an increase efficiency for inhibitors at higher concentrations, and the optimum is achieved by SG/CM at 200 mg/L, corresponding to weight loss measurements. The potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) test shows the best inhibition efficiency, 92.01% for SG/CM, which is superior to 52.23% for CS and 75.91% for CM. The surface features of corroded samples are investigated by Leica optical microscopy. Additionally, the inhibition mechanism of SG/CM is studied by building the Langmuir adsorption model, revealing that the inhibitory molecule occupies only one site on the themetallic surface.

Investigation of Inhibition Performance of Phenytoin for Mild Steel Protection in HCl Solution: Electrochemical and Quantum Theoretical Approaches

In this study, the application potential of the expired "Epdantoin" drug which includes phenytoin (EP) as the corrosion inhibitor was investigated. For this purpose, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements and polarization curves were obtained for 168 hours immersion period in 0.5 M HCl in the absence and presence of various concentration of EP. The experimental results were compared with quantum theoretical parameters in order to present adsorption behavior of EP. The adsorption equilibrium constant and Gibbs free energy were calculated as 5000 M-1 and -31,05 kj mol-1, respectively. The calculated HOMO and LUMO values were -6.67 eV and -0.72 eV, respectively. Results indicated that EP is a convenient candidate of corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl medium.

Linagliptin drug molecule as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution: Electrochemical, SEM/XPS, DFT and MC/MD simulation approach

Linagliptin (LGP) was investigated as a mild steel (MS) corrosion inhibitor in 1 M HCl solution using combined experimental and theoretical explorations. The investigated molecule was revealed to reduce the corrosion of mild steel in an extremely acidic environment. LGP inhibitory effectiveness is temperature and inhibitor concentration dependent, reducing with rising temperature and increasing with increased LGP concentration. The maximum inhibition efficiencies deduced by weight loss, impedance and potentiodynamic measurements with 7.5 × 10−3 M LGP at 30 °C were 96.3%, 96% and 94%, respectively. The results of polarization measurement suggested a mixed-type inhibitory action of LGP, reducing the anodic/cathodic partial reaction. Adsorption of LGP onto the steel surface obeyed Langmuir isotherm, with a combination of chemical and physical adsorption. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the adsorbed inhibitor film layer shielding the mild steel from hostile acid ions. DFT/MD simulation approaches were used to investigate the adsorption orientation of LGP's molecule on the mild steel surface in aqueous environment. The experimental routes strongly conform with the theoretical findings.

A detailed electronic-scale DFT modeling/MD simulation, electrochemical and surface morphological explorations of imidazolium-based ionic liquids as sustainable and non-toxic corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in 1 M HCl

Three new eco-friendly imidazolium-based ionic liquid derivatives with different chain lengths: [Eth-IM+, Br-], [Met-IM+, Br-] and [Prop-IM+, Br-] on mild steel in 1 M HCl was investigated. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Potentiodynamic polarization techniques were used as experimental studies. Theoretical calculations using DFT (Density Functional Theory) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to demonstrate the reactivity behavior and the reactive sites of three molecules. The results revealed that these synthesized ionic liquids exhibited good corrosion inhibiting property >90 %. Electrochemical measurements showed that these organic compounds are mixed-type inhibitors. SEM and EDX examinations proved the formation of a protective layer of adsorbed inhibitors at the steel surface. The computational findings are in good agreement with inductive effects of methyl, Ethyl and Propyl functional groups.

Shorea robusta Bark Extract as a Novel Green Inhibitor for Mild Steel Corrosion in 1 M H2SO4 Solution

Extract of Shorea robusta bark as a novel green inhibitor for mild steel (MS) corrosion has been investigated. Qualitative chemical tests, UV, and FTIR measurements were carried out to confirm phytochemicals in the extract. Gravimetric as well as electrochemical methods were employed to examine the inhibition efficiency of the extract. Effects of inhibitor concentration, immersion time as well as working temperature were investigated by weight loss measurement method. Weight loss measurement reveals the maximum inhibition efficiency of 1000 ppm inhibitor for half an hour immersion time. Also, 1000 ppm inhibitor can work up to a temperature of 55°C with 50% efficiency. Electrochemical measurements reflected the mixed type of inhibition behavior of the inhibitor. Polarization measurement results, the 93.73% and 75%, respectively for as-immersed and immersed samples in1000 ppm inhibitor concentration. Based on these findings, it is revealed that the Shorea robusta bark extract could be used as low temperature inhibitor.

Computational, Kinetics, and Corrosion Protection Aspects of Electrodeposited Poly(Salicylic Acid) Coatings as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel

Poly(salicylic acid) PSA has been electrochemically deposited onto a Pt electrode. The kinetics of the polymerization reaction has been studied. The polymer structure was confirmed and characterized using IR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and TGA analysis. The deposited PSA was then collected from the Pt surface and tested as a corrosion inhibitor for a mild steel electrode in an aqueous medium of 1 M sulfuric acid. The corrosion behavior was then evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Corrosion measurements showed that the inhibition efficiency of 20, 50, and 100 ppm of PSA was 33, 57, and 74%, respectively. The inhibition mechanism was proved using adsorption isotherms as well as quantum calculations. The inhibition of the corrosion process was due to the adsorption of PSA on the steel surface, which was found to comply with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Study of furfural derivatives as a possible green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in CO2-saturated formation water

The anticorrosive activity of furfural derivatives, by ex-situ and in-situ syntheses, on mild steel immersed in CO2-saturated formation water solution was evaluated using mass loss measurements, polarization curves, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, quantum chemical calculation, and electrochemical impedance. Furfural thiosemicarbazone presented inhibition efficiency reaching 90.2% for 72 h in immersion. The same molecule, synthesized in-situ by the mixture of the precursors in the corrosive medium, also produced good efficiency, 82.2% for 24 h of immersion, but it decreased over the time due to incomplete conversion of the precursors in furfural thiosemicarbazone.

Electrochemical study on using aminated MIL–101(Cr) as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic environment

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to confirm the importance of using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in the field of corrosion control due to their potential use as corrosion inhibitors.Design/methodology/approachNH2–MIL–101(Cr), an amine-functionalized chromium-based MOF [Cr(III)-MOF], was prepared by solvothermal technique. Thereafter, Cr-MOF was used as an anticorrosion additive for mild steel (MS) in 1 m HCl solution. This inhibition behavior was tested by electrochemical tests including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP).FindingsIncreasing the added amount of Cr-MOF enhances its inhibition performance, which attained 96.40% at 30 ppm. The obtained data from PDP measurements describe Cr-MOF as a mixed-type inhibitor. Based on SEM/EDS and FTIR analysis, the adsorption of Cr-MOF on the surface of MS that prevents MS corrosion has been demonstrated. Furthermore, Langmuir model is the most adequate adsorption isotherm for the obtained experimental data.Originality/valueThis study revealed that NH2–MIL–101(Cr), an amine-functionalized chromium-based MOF (Cr(III)-MOF), is a potential corrosion inhibitor for MS in 1 m HCl solution.

Alkaloids of Solanum xanthocarpum Stem as Green Inhibitor for Mild Steel Corrosion in One Molar Sulphuric Acid Solution

The residual ions of the acid cleaning processes induce the further corrosion of the metals, and this could be minimized using green inhibitors. Alkaloids extracted from plant parts could be cost effective and efficient inhibitors. In this work, alkaloids from Solanum xanthocarpum stem were successfully extracted, and they were characterized by qualitative chemical tests and spectroscopic measurements. As-extracted alkaloids were employed as green corrosion inhibitors for mild steel. The effectiveness of the inhibitor was determined by the weight loss and electrochemical measurement methods. From the weight loss measurement, the maximum inhibition efficiency of 93.14% was achieved. The temperature effect study revealed that the inhibitor can work up to a temperature of 58 °C. This could be one of the highest working temperatures among the reported green inhibitors. The electrochemical measurement reveals that the alkaloids could inhibit effectively up to 98.14% of the corrosion and serve as a mixed-type green inhibitor. A study on the kinetic parameters reflects that the inhibitor forms a potential barrier for the protection of a mild steel surface against corrosion. The values obtained from the thermodynamic parameters study reflect that the process is a spontaneous endothermic process. Based on the findings, it is revealed that the alkaloids extracted from S. xanthocarpum can serve as an excellent, eco-friendly and a promising green inhibitor against mild steel corrosion.

Application of ginger and grapefruit essential oil extracts on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in dilute 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte

Admixture of ginger and grapefruit essential oils (GPP) were studied for their corrosion inhibition properties on mild steel (MS) in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution by potentiodynamic polarization, open circuit potential measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, weight loss analysis and ATF-FTIR spectroscopy. Results from potentiodynamic polarization shows GPP significantly reduced the corrosion of MS from 8.430 mm/y at 0% GPP concentration to values between 1.979 mm/y and 0.565 mm/y. The corresponding inhibition efficiency values ranged from 76.52% to 93.5% and corrosion current density from 1.88 × 10−4 A/cm2 to 5.36 × 10−5 A/cm2. GPP displayed mixed-type inhibition at all GPP concentrations studied. The OCP plot at 0% GPP initiated at -0.495V compared to -0.443V and -0.451V at 1% and 3.5% GPP. At 9000s, the corresponding OCP values are -0.442V, -0.410V and -0.424V due to electropositive plot shift and passivation of MS surface at 1% and 3.5% GPP, though significant potential transients were present on the OCP plot at 1% GPP. The electrochemical impedance results indicate that the corrosion resistance of MS increased from 4.402 Ω cm2 to 99.318 Ω cm2 upon the addition of 3.5% GPP resulting in inhibition efficiency of 96%. Data from weight loss analysis shows decrease in corrosion rate from 184.48 mm/y to values between 8.94 mm/y and 6.25 mm/y. The corresponding inhibition efficiency values varies from 95.16% at 1% GPP to 96.61% at 3.5% GPP concentration. The ATF-FTIR results confirm the adsorption of GPP molecules on the surface of the carbon steel electrode.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Argania spinosa’s Extracts on the Antioxidant Activity and Mild Steel Corrosion’s Inhibition in 1 M HCl

The aim of the present research is the evaluation of the extraction process effect on the chemical composition, the antioxidant activities, and the mild steel corrosion inhibition ability of Argania spinosa’s extracts (alimentary oil (AO) and hexanic extract of roasted almonds (HERA)). The chemical composition revealed that both extracts have the same major compounds: Palmitic, linoleic, and stearic acids, with their order slightly different. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), weight loss measurements, and polarization curves were used to estimate AO and HERA’s mild steel corrosion’s inhibition capacity. Based on these three methods, AO registered, respectively, 81%, 87%, and 87% inhibition efficiency while HERA registered 78%, 84%, and 82% inhibition efficiency. The antioxidant activity of AO and HERA was examined in parallel with standard antioxidants (gallic acid and quercetin) using two assays: DPPH* scavenging assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP). AO had less EC50 in both techniques (DPPH*: 3559.08 ± 161.75 μg/mL; FRAP 1288.58 ± 169.21 μg/mL) than HERA (DPPH*: 3621.43 ± 316.05 μg/mL; FRAP 1655.86 ± 240.18 μg/mL). Quantum chemical and molecular dynamic studies were employed to suggest the adsorption mechanism.

Molecular dynamic simulation and experimental investigation on the synergistic mechanism and synergistic effect of (1Z) N [2 (methylthio) phenyl] 2oxopropanehydrazonoyl chloride [formula omitted] corrosion inhibitor on mild steel in acid medium1M HCl

Inhibitory activity of Schiff base namely: (1Z)-N-[2-(methylthio) phenyl]-2-oxopropane hydrazonoyl chloride (S1) against the corrosion of mild steel in HCl (1M) was investigated using mass loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, surface analysis (Scanning Electron Microscope coupled with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (SEM/EDX), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS) and contact angle). The experimental results were showed thatschiff base (S1) has a good inhibitory effect on mild steel, and their effectiveness was increasedwith increasing inhibitor concentration and decreased with increasing temperature (from 25 °C to 55 °C). The maximum inhibition efficiency of 87% was obtainedwith2.5×10−3M solution S1 at 25 °C. From the contact angle results, it was found that the angle in the presence of S1 is 75°.This value was higher than in the case of the absence of the inhibitor. As for the results of the adsorption isotherms, they showed us that the highest correlation value of 99.997 has been found with the Langmuir isotherm. From all the experimental results, it was concluded that the S1 was adsorbed on the metal surface according to the Langmuir isotherm. Therefore, the corrosion reactions of mild steel were inhibited. In this study, it was also investigated the effect of the synergistic action between the S1 and the iodine anions on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel, experimentally by polarization and theoretically using MC simulation. The results revealed a strong inhibitory activity of 85% at 5×10−5 M. It was also found that there was a strong correspondence between the theoretical and experimental study.

Stimuli-Responsive Macromolecular Architecture by Butler Cyclopolymerizations: Synthesis and Applications.

This article reviews the synthesis of polyzwitterions (PZs) (poly-carboxybetaines, -phosphonobetaines, and -sulfobetaines) having multiple pH-responsive centers. The synthesis follows the Butler cyclopolymerization protocol involving a multitude of diallylammonium salts and their copolymerization with SO2 and maleic acid. The PZs have been transformed into cationic-, anionic-polyelectrolytes, and polyampholytes under the influence of pH. Particular attention is given to the application of these polymers as antiscalants, mild steel corrosion inhibitors, components in constructing Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (ATPSs), and membrane modifiers. The ATPSs could be used to separate various biomolecules, including proteins. Many amphiphilic polymers incorporating a few mol % hydrophobic monomers have shown enhanced viscosities and could be suitable for applications in oil fields. The progress of applying Butler cyclopolymerization in reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) chemistry has been discussed. Future works are expected to focus on RAFT cyclopolymerization to construct block copolymers.

Eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic media

Eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic media