Corridor Operation Research Articles

Logistics transformation on grain and oilseeds markets during the war in Ukraine: Marketing approaches and strategies

The Russian military invasion has caused a collapse in food supplies from Ukraine to world markets. The transformation of Ukrainian export logistics has been carried out under critical conditions and extremely limited deadlines. This article evaluated the transformations in logistics in the grain and oilseeds markets due to the war, discussed the impact of international agreements on export and logistics supply chains, and proposed marketing strategies for the trade of grain, oilseeds, and related products during wartime. The authors employed various general scientific and special methods and approaches, including a systematic approach, abstract-logical and graphic methods, retrospective and comparative analysis, correlation-regression analysis, and forecasting methods. A periodisation of the export logistical transformation due to the war was used. It included the following stages: the collapse of logistics; the growth of exports due to the impact of international agreements; and the operation of an alternative Ukrainian maritime corridor with the support of international partners. The significant impact of production and sales transformations caused by the war on the growth of wheat export logistics costs for various supply bases was demonstrated. The authors concluded that the export logistics risks were primarily mitigated by low grain and oilseed prices for agricultural producers. An assessment of the grain, oil crops, and processing products export market in Ukraine was also provided. The development of effective marketing strategies was highlighted. The practical value of the study lies in the use of the research results for developing marketing strategies for enterprises and European cooperation development projects in the agrarian sector

Theoretical justification of the parameters of the improved transport corridor of the cotton harvester apparatus

This article presents the results of theoretical studies to substantiate the parameters of an improved transport corridor proposed based on a review and analysis of the designs of vertical spindle cotton pickers. The design of the transport corridors of cotton pickers allows cotton to repeatedly enter the pullers, which can affect the quality of the fiber. In addition, due to the transportation of cotton to the receiving chamber by sequential transfer from the rear pullers to the front pullers, the loading level of the front pullers is high, which can lead to an increase in cotton losses in the transport corridor. By substantiating the parameters that ensure high quality of operation of the transport corridor and studying the processes of interaction of working bodies with cotton particles, analytical expressions and mathematical models are obtained. By studying the kinematics and dynamics of the movement of a cotton particle under the influence of an aerodynamic force, the rational design parameters of the transport corridor of a cotton harvester with a vertical partition were determined: width - 0.08 m, installation angle of the springboard shield relative to the bottom of the corridor - 200, orientation angle of the protrusion of the technological shield relative to the puller - 100.

ANALYSIS OF MARITIME TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING GLOBAL SECURITY

Topicality. russia's aggression against Ukraine was the main factor behind the food crisis and the increase in food prices at the international level. Acceptable logistics routes were blocked. Domestic water transport, rail transport and road transportation of goods were not able to export enough crops to ensure global food security. All these pressing issues in the field of maritime transport in Ukraine prompt us to investigate the nature of the problem.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyze the activities of Ukraine's maritime transport based on national and global security.Materials and methods. The study was based on the results of scientific works of leading scientists in the field of maritime transport development and ensuring national, economic and food security. In writing the article, the methods of synthesis, theoretical generalization, empirical and analytical models of scientific research were applied.Research results. The study analyzes the activities of the ports of Great Odesa under the Grain Agreement (for the year of the agreement's existence). A significant impact on the disruption of the systematic operation of the grain corridor is caused by the russian federation, which led to a complete blockade of the Pivdennyi port and significant damage to port infrastructure, grain terminals and elevators in Odesa and Odesa region. The ports of Great Odesa exported 32.8 million tons of agricultural food products. In total, 1006 vessels left the ports of Great Odesa. The most active exporting countries are: China (8.0 million tons), Spain (6.0 million tons), Turkey (3.2 million tons), Italy (2.1 million tons), the Netherlands (2.0 million tons), Egypt (1.6 million tons) and Bangladesh (1.1 million tons).Conclusion. The analysis shows that for the further smooth functioning of the Black Sea Initiative, it is necessary to involve more influential international organizations in its regulation; to improve the institutional and economic system of maritime transport and introduce mechanisms that will encourage it to compete at the international level; to optimize the logistics supply chains of cargoes, to improve the multimodal approach to the functioning of the transport system of cargo transportation.

SUBSTANTIATION OF THE UNIVERSAL ADAPTIVE TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF COMPLEX LABORATORIES FOR QUALITY AND SAFETY ASSESSING OF GRAIN AND OIL CROPS

The materials of the article provide data on the export of domestic grain, oil crops and their processing products, the commodity structure of the export of domestic agricultural products and a dozen export countries during the operation of the grain corridor from March 2022 to August 2023. The main requirements for modern laboratories and their functions are listed. The components of a comprehensive analytical approach to assessing the quality and safety of grains and oilseeds according to modern international requirements are presented. It has been established that, in addition to the technical and economic component, the activities of complex laboratories are affected by a large number of technological limitations, among which an important place is occupied by the problems of quality control of test results. Today, the functioning of native laboratories that assess the quality and safety of grains and oilseeds has some of shortcomings that may affect the effectiveness of testing activities. In particular, there is a lack of a unified approach to addressing systemic requirements, a large number of regulators, conflicting requirements, and limited international harmonization. The requirements of industry regulations and contract specifications pose challenges for laboratories. All of this emphasizes need to develop a universal adaptive technological system for quality control of integrated laboratories for assessing the quality and safety of grains and oilseeds. The main components of quality management of laboratories for quality assessment of grains and oilseeds are considered and analyzed. It was found that only 11% of accredited domestic laboratories can comprehensively meet the current demand for conformity assessment services for agricultural raw materials. Based on the analysis, a roadmap of quality management components of laboratories for quality assessment of grains and oilseeds was developed. The development of such guidelines will help to meet diverse requirements and systematically demonstrate competence in line with current needs. Processes such as analytical method validation, measurement uncertainty assessment, metrological traceability, and accreditation support require significant financial investments. The creation and implementation of a universal adaptive technological system will help to rationalize the use of resources, thanks to logistical advantages, efficiency, reliability of results, and vertical management system. The creation and implementation of a universal adaptive technological system will help to rationalize the use of resources, thanks to logistical advantages, efficiency, reliability of results, and vertical management system.

Международные транспортные коридоры как фактор формирования Большого Евразийского партнерства

In 2015 a Greater Eurasian Partnership initiative was announced, but disputes regarding its conceptual content and institutional design are still ongoing. According to the author the Greater Eurasian Partnership should be formed in two key areas. Firstly, through the establishment of permanent links between key multilateral organizations in the Greater Eurasia (EAEU, SCO, ASEAN) which can synchronize their agenda and achieve a synergistic effect. Secondly, through the practical implementation of global projects in which several participants will be interested. One of the most promising areas of such cooperation is the creation and development of international transport corridors (ITCs). Following the creation of the ITC the accompanying infrastructure, industrial production in the neighboring areas, customs regulation begin to develop – such corridors are a powerful impetus for the development of a number of industries. In addition, effective and mutually beneficial joint infrastructure projects are a significant guarantee for maintaining friendly relations among the participants implementing these projects. The goal of almost all trans-regional integration projects announced since the 2010s is the formation of optimal transport corridors, the creation of sustainable and cost-effective supply chains and the development of related infrastructure. And the Greater Eurasian Partnership is no exception. It is the launch and uninterrupted operation of international transport corridors that can become a driver for expanding cooperation in the format of the Greater Eurasian Partnership and deepening cooperation of all interested participants in priority sectors of the economy.

Postproduction in the Research on the Urban Cultural Landscape: From the Transfer of Results to the Exchange of Knowledge on Digital Platforms and Social Networks—The TRAHERE Project in Madrid

The urban scenarios outlined by the environmental and economic crisis have fostered, on one hand, the unstoppable gentrification of the most central neighborhoods of the cities; and on the other hand, a growing associationism committed to cultural and environmental values, which demands tools from academia to negotiate with the administration. An emblematic case is that of Arganzuela, one of the three districts of the Spanish capital affected by the rise and fall of industrialization (the freight railway in 1861 and the M-30 ring road in 1970). The burying of these infrastructures began in 1990 with the Green Railway Corridor (PVF) operation, a year after the inauguration in Paris of the Promenade Plantée on the disused railway lands, which allows us to foreshadow new scenarios. The TRAHERE project researches the state of abandonment and disaffection of the public spaces of the PVF using social networks as a connection platform with participatory channels to promote its regeneration. The challenge is to convert the concept of transfer of results into a more inclusive one of knowledge exchange, which implies a methodological change in research, with an integrating perspective that combines urban historical studies with artistic practices of production and postproduction for the dissemination of content on the networks.

Correlation Analysis for Exploring the Relationship Between Probe Vehicle Data and Event-Based Traffic Signal Performance Measures

Probe vehicle data have been extensively used to assess the performance of roadway systems, particularly the interstate highway system. High-resolution data from traffic signal controllers is another data source used for automated traffic signal performance measures (ATSPM), which is increasingly used to evaluate signal operation. As high-resolution data require additional resources and may not always be available, probe vehicle data are sometimes used to evaluate signalized corridor operation. However, there has been little previous research comparing probe vehicle data on signalized corridors with ATSPM. In this study, we compared the average speeds from probe vehicle data with ATSPMs to examine the degree of correlation between the two datasets. Different scenarios including segments with random arrivals and platoons were considered for parts of US 20 in Dubuque, Iowa. Regression analysis was performed with average speed as the dependent variable to check the correlation between the two datasets. Four different signal performance measures, namely the percent on green, volume-to-capacity ratio, percent of green duration, and average delay, were used as independent variables. Two sets of categorical variables representing time-of-day and day-of-week variables were also added. It was found that there exists good correlation between the datasets, supporting the use of probe vehicle data for corridor-level analysis in the absence of high-resolution data. Additionally, the durations of the intervals used for data aggregation were varied to check its impact on the correlation. Higher levels of aggregation resulted in better correlation between the two datasets.

Credibility problem in the transport and logistics system of the Northern Sea Route and its solutions

This article aims to analyze the elements of the transport and logistics system of the Northern Sea Route. Some logistical aspects that have a significant impact on increasing the business community’s confidence in the commercial operation of this transport corridor and the prospects for its development compared with the logistics chain Europe (USA) – South-East Asia using the Suez and Panama canals were identified. The methodological basis of the study was a set of methods, heuristically and epistemologically justified by the work goals and objectives. First of all, a set of system analysis methods, which allowed a logically structured structure to provide the study’s results, was used. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the theoretical and practical justification of the choice of research methods. The results of the study led the authors to the conclusion that the transport and logistics system of the Northern Sea Route in the long term can increase its credibility in the business community and become a shorter route in the logistics chain Europe – Asia, but it will not make it more efficient than the current route across the Indian Ocean.

Risk Evaluation of Urban Integrated Pipe Corridor Operation and Maintenance Based on Improved AHP‐CIM Model

In order to scientifically and objectively evaluate the risk in the operation and maintenance process of the urban integrated pipe corridor, and then prevent the occurrence of urban integrated pipe corridor operation and maintenance accidents, this paper combines AHP analysis and CIM model to propose a new model for the risk assessment of pipe corridors: AHP‐CIM model, and uses the model to conduct a verification of the operation and maintenance risk evaluation of the Beijing Tongzhou Canal Core Area North Ring Tunnel Integrated Pipe Corridor. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the risk factors in the operation and maintenance process of the integrated urban pipe corridor were first identified and their weights determined, and then the CIM model was used to calculate the probability distribution of the levels of risk factors at each level of the hierarchical model, and finally the risk assessment set of the risk probability distribution of this integrated pipe corridor was obtained. The results show that the overall O&M risk level of this integrated pipe corridor is high, and its probability is 69.47%.

Evaluasi Rute dan Lokasi Halte Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Koridor II di Palangka Raya

Palangka Raya City Government uses BRT as one of the modes of transportation,and has the goal of serving the needs of passenger requests. For BRT operations, supporting facilities are needed, such as bus stops. Because of the large costs in establishing a bus stop, the effectiveness of bus stop construction is needed. In this research, the set covering problem and max covering problem model are chosen using Lingo 18.0. The set covering problem model aims to provide passengers with a proper access to the nearest bus stop with a minimum number. While the max covering problem aims to determine the location of the bus stops to be built when there is a limit on the number of bus stops. This type of research is a survey field research, distributing questionnaires and direct observation. The route performance and operation of corridor II BRT are include the number of passengers transported, load factor, headway time, travel speed and transportation availability are not in accordance with the standards while the waiting time for passengers has met regulatory standards. The route of the corridor II BRT bus in Palangka Raya is in accordance with the location of the trip generation, but the schedule and operational routes each day are not. The optimal number of BRT Corridor II stops in Palangka Raya that correspond to the passenger generation is 12 stops which can serve all 32 requests, then in the sensitivity analysis 3 other alternatives are selected. The alternatives are 5,10 and 15.

Operation of transit corridors served by two routes: Physical design, synchronization, and control strategies

Many transit network layouts require the operation of multiple routes along a common transit segment in the busiest area of the city. At some points, these routes branch out to provide spatial coverage to the city periphery. These schemes allow more efficient deployment of resources at the expense of introducing more complexity into the system operation. This study aims to determine the effect of the branched layout of a corridor, demand distribution and traffic lights on the total cost of the system as well as its service regularity. The transit corridor is operated by buses, although it can be generalized for other transit modes. An operational model to estimate the travel and waiting time of users and the performance of buses on each route segment is developed. The model considers the stochastic effect of the passenger arrivals at stops and vehicle acceleration–deceleration rates. An optimization procedure to determine the optimal headway and relative synchronization of routes, which minimizes the total cost incurred by transit agencies and users or the headway variations in the common route segment, is introduced. Furthermore, a performance evaluation of bus control strategies based on a combination of holding points and green extensions at traffic signals in the H10 cross-town corridor of Barcelona’s new bus network is presented.

SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF CREATION AND OPERATION OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS IN RUSSIA

International transport corridors play a leading role in the formation of an integrated global market for transport services. The purpose of this work is to study the state of international transport corridors (hereinafter - MTK) on the territory of the Russian Federation. The concept and specifics of transport contracts are considered. In this paper, the basics of the creation and functioning of international transport corridors on the territory of Russia are touched upon. The relevance is due to the globalization of the world economy, which requires new approaches to ensuring interstate economic and cultural ties. At the same time, the leading role is assigned to the emerging system of international transport corridors (MTK). A detailed analysis of regulatory and legal sources in the field of state control of logistics activities, in particular Agreements on international transport corridors, is made. Attention is paid to the prospects for the creation and operation of the MTK on the territory of the Russian Federation. The review shows the relevance of the creation and operation of international transport corridors on the territory of the Russian Federation, without which in the long term it will not be possible to ensure the necessary level of competitiveness for regional transport corridors.

Ontology knowledge base combined with Bayesian networks for integrated corridor risk warning

With the accelerated urbanization process, the emergence of urban underground integrated pipeline corridors is the trend for cities, especially large and medium-sized cities. However, due to the complexity of the internal system of the integrated corridor, there are various risks in the process of its construction and operation and maintenance, and the risk factors are complex and diverse. In this paper, we introduce ontology technology and knowledge base construction into the risk management of integrated pipeline corridor, build an ontology-based knowledge base of integrated pipeline corridor risk, and construct a Bayesian network based on the established risk knowledge base for risk evaluation of identified risk factors. The combination of ontology knowledge base construction and Bayesian network method of integrated pipeline corridor risk makes the risk identification system completer and more effective, and the method can effectively evaluate the disaster risk level of integrated pipeline corridor operation and maintenance, which can meet the practical needs of integrated pipeline corridor operation and maintenance risk management and disaster prevention and mitigation work.

Three-Dimensional Visualization Algorithm Simulation of Construction Management Based on GIS and VR Technology

With the development and application of information technology, the digitization of information management and the virtualization of physical models have become very important technical application fields in the world. The establishment of the 3D landscape model and the realization of the 3D geographic information system (GIS) are based on this, and there is not only a wide range of development prospects in many aspects such as urban planning and management, planning and design, local government construction, housing industry development, land monitoring and management, and environmental monitoring and evaluation. There are not only research studies and formulations but also a practical significance in other analysis, evaluation, decision making, and other departments. In recent years, the research of 3D city modeling has been developed rapidly, and most of the existing 2D-GIS can be transformed into 3D visual landscape. Based on the three-dimensional geographic information system and desktop drawing software AutoCAD, this paper takes the two-dimensional line drawing (DLG) of a residential district as the base map, expounds the design process of the three-dimensional simulation model of the urban community from the aspects of map preprocessing, building simulation model construction, texture mapping, and virtual visualization, and discusses the problems encountered in it. The main contributions of this paper are that this technology puts forward a new solution for the integrated corridor operation and maintenance management, greatly improves the intelligent management level of the integrated corridor operation and maintenance work, and simplifies the complex integrated corridor operation and maintenance management. It is helpful to improve the work efficiency of operation and maintenance, reduce the dependence of personnel, and respond to the long-term construction needs of the smart city at the same time.

Geodesic accuracy of railway networks Ukraine in connection with accession to the eu

The operation of international transport corridors is primarily assessed in terms of direct economic efficiency. Profit associated with the transit of transport operations and cargo. However, projects for the creation and development of international transport corridors always entail socio-economic changes. Including: the development of industrial and social infrastructure, the transformation of industrial and economic relations, environmental change, etc. This article discusses the existing problems and the ways of Ukraine’s transition to standards (survey, design, construction, operation, modernization stages) and rules operating the railways of the European Union. Taking into account the actual technical condition of the infrastructure of the Ukrainian railway. The parameters limiting the speed of the existing sections of the railway are considered. These include - the radius of the curve, the length of the transition curve, displacement, increase in the external rail, insufficient increase; type of the upper part of the route and its wear; directed translations; artificial constructions; passenger platforms; communication and blocking systems; energy saving systems; rolling stock; train speed and more. Line plan analysis on curves and straight sections of international transport corridors. Calculations using the method of registration of measurement accuracy in high-speed movement confirmed the urgent need to account for the volume of labor costs. The cost of restructuring curves and energy savings to establish rational parameters of the plan in accordance with the specified maximum speed levels.

Climate Change and the proposed Canadian Northern Corridor

The Canadian Northern Corridor is a concept for a multi-modal (road, rail, pipeline, electrical and communication) transmission corridor through northern Canada. This paper reviews scientific evidence about potential impacts of climate change in northern Canada and implications for future corridor development. The results show that climate change impacts are already being experienced through northern Canada and are expected to continue and potentially worsen in the future. Permafrost thaw, sea ice melt, extreme weather events, and changes in coastal processes (e.g. sea level rise, erosion), among other impacts, threaten the construction, maintenance, and operation of infrastructure within the corridor. Climate change impacts are likely to affect the feasibility and costs of some infrastructure, and create on-going challenges to operations. Climate change impacts are highly localized and a disturbance at one chokepoint in the corridor could compromise the operation of the whole corridor. More research is needed to examine climate change impacts at local scales to understand the characteristics of the physical environment and how it is changing, as well as how existing human activities may conflict with the corridor. Efforts are needed to engage relevant Indigenous peoples, Indigenous organisations, and local communities early in corridor discussions to identify if a corridor is desirable and relevant to them, and whether it can be developed in a manner that sustains livelihoods, culture, health, and well-being.

Low power consumption Internet of Things and its core sensor package technology in underground pipe gallery

Underground pipeline corridor is a part of the construction of Smart City. There are many kinds of pipelines in it. Because of the complex air composition and special space structure, it is impossible to carry out high-frequency manual maintenance. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe operation of pipeline corridor, it is necessary to monitor its working environment in real time. In this paper, a low-power Internet of Things (IOT) system is designed for the special environment of underground pipeline gallery. The system’s network is built by low-power ZigBee module. Cooperated with micro-sensors, it can monitor the environment of pipeline gallery in real time, and the low-power of the system can make up for the long-term unattended situation of pipeline gallery. This paper also designs a sensor packaging technology for this environment, which protects the sensor from corrosion in the corridor environment without affecting the smooth network. Finally, the material is tested.

Application of High-Resolution Trip Trace Stitching to Evaluate Traffic Signal System Changes

Second-by-second GPS trajectories, called trip traces, of vehicles moving along an arterial provide the highest fidelity measure of corridor operations. However, large samples of such contiguous trajectories are not always possible because of varying techniques to reset probe vehicle IDs for data privacy, varying probe data penetration rates, and varying vehicle routing. This paper analyzes changes in segment travel time using the Mann–Whitney U test and proposes a method for creating a composite travel time metric using trip trace data. These techniques were applied to a four-corridor signal improvement and upgrade project in southeastern Salt Lake County. The study found that on average three out of the four corridors decreased in composite median travel time, by 32 s, 16 s, and 14 s. Interquartile range (IQR) was used to assess travel time reliability and the IQR travel time reduced (improved) on average by 33 s, 23 s, 18 s, and 1 s. In addition, a rank-sums method for statistically comparing the two composite travel time distributions is applied to the results. The four corridors had a total of 48 links and were evaluated during five time-of-day periods. Out of the 240 link-periods, the rank-sums analysis method found that overall, 68 link-periods improved and 13 link-periods slowed, at a 95% significance level. The annualized user benefit from the improvements was estimated at $2.2 million for the four corridors.

Operational Risk Assessment for International Transport Corridor: A Case Study of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

The international transport corridor is the basis and carrier of economic and trade exchanges between countries and regions. International transport corridors span different countries and regions, coupled with the long distance, complicated transportation environment and process, which determines the potential risks of the operation of the transport corridors. Therefore, accurately identifying and assessing the risk of international channels are an important prerequisite for ensuring its safe and stable operation. The expert scoring method is used to collect the basic data of risk identification, and the hesitant fuzzy decision theory is introduced. The dependent linguistic ordered weighted geometric (DLOWG) operator and the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method are used in combination. Taking the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as an example, evaluate the operational risks of the international transport corridor. The research results show that corruption, terrorism, and policy stability are the top three risk factors in the operation of the China-Pakistan transport corridor. The risk management and control should focus on these three types of risks and strengthen the security management along the route. Strengthen policy docking and communication, maintain political stability, and strengthen antiterrorism cooperation.

Assessing the impact of converting roundabouts to traffic signals on vehicle emissions along an urban arterial corridor in Qatar

ABSTRACTThe type of control at intersections has a major effect on the operation of any urban corridor. Different predefined procedures are available to calculate some of the main operational characteristics, such as capacity, delay, and level of service, in order to select the best type of control. However, there are other important factors that affect major arterials operational characteristics, factors that are not fully addressed, such as the impact of emissions. In this study, a microscopic simulation approach using VISSIM and MOVES was developed to assess the environmental effect of converting four three-lane roundabouts to signalized intersections along a heavily congested urban corridor in Qatar. A decision was made to switch all roundabouts to traffic signals for better operations. Preliminary results indicated that the signal control outperformed the roundabout in the range of 37% to 43% reduction in emissions. A more detailed analysis revealed that roundabout corridor operations’ effects on emission rates are divergent from those of signalized corridors, particularly upstream and downstream of the intersections. Immediate roundabout upstream approaches are driver behavior dependent, characterized by substantial coasting at lower speeds and subsequent re-accelerating with less idling, described as acceleration events, which resulted in high emission rates, while signalized corridors are signal timing dependent, characterized by ample idling with less coasting and re-acceleration, resulting in reduced emission rates. The results also revealed that there was no significant difference between emission rates in the vicinity of the two types of control. Both recorded nearly the same emission rate.Implications: A microscopic simulation approach using VISSIM and MOVES was developed to assess the environmental effect of converting four three-lane roundabouts to signalized intersections along a heavily congested urban corridor in Doha, Qatar. Intersection geometries along with the control type have significant impact on emission rates and play a major role in assessing environmental impacts. US EPA MOVES was calibrated to Qatar conditions which can be used to estimate emission factors and quantify vehicular emissions along other corridors in the country. The results can also be beneficial for other countries within the region.