Corrected Item Total Correlation Research Articles

Psychometric assessment of the Slovene translation of the Measure of Processes of Care for Service Providers.

The Measure of Processes of Care for professionals (MPOC-SP) is valid and reliable a self-administered questionnaire for paediatric service providers engaged in care for chronically ill children. Our aim was to evaluate internal consistency reliability, one-year stability and some aspects of validity of its Slovene translation. Sixty-seven service providers from seven professional groups of several hospitals and health centres participated in the study. MPOC-SP mean scores for all four subscales were high; their ranking order was the same as in other MPOC-SP studies. All subscales exhibited sufficient internal consistency (Cronbach alpha from 0.69 to 0.86, adequate corrected item-total correlations). None of the mean subscale scores changed significantly after one year (P values from 0.11 to 0.80). The Slovene translation of the MPOC-SP can therefore be considered a reliable instrument that shows good stability over a period of one year, and as such it can be adopted in clinical practice.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Preliminary Validation of the European Spanish Version of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ-ES).

The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) is the most widely used measure of difficulties with activities of daily living and academic performance in children with developmental coordination disorder, but this tool has not been adapted for use in Spain. To translate and cross-culturally adapt the DCDQ into European Spanish (DCDQ-ES) for use in assessing motor coordination in Spanish children. Cross-cultural adaptation and preliminary validation study. Community and mainstream schools in Spain. A committee of five experts oversaw the cross-cultural adaptation process. A community-based convenience sample of 31 parents of children ages 5-14 yr was used to test the comprehensibility of the DCDQ-ES. Preliminary reliability was tested with 35 randomly selected parents of children ages 6-12 yr. The DCDQ was translated into European Spanish and cross-culturally adapted following international guidelines. Comprehensibility was assessed using cognitive debriefing interviews. The final version of the DCDQ-ES was used for the reliability analysis. Cultural relevance and equivalence and idiomatic differences between the DCDQ and DCDQ-ES were evaluated. Comprehensibility analysis led to minor modifications that facilitated comprehension and interpretation. Internal consistency and homogeneity of the DCDQ-ES were good (Cronbach's α = .857, corrected item-total correlations = .268-.692). The DCDQ-ES is conceptually and semantically equivalent to DCDQ and was successfully cross-culturally adapted for the European Spanish context. Preliminary data suggest that the DCDQ-ES is a reliable measure of motor coordination in Spanish children. This study provides evidence of the cultural equivalence of the DCDQ-ES for use with Spanish children. Occupational therapists in Spain can use the DCDQ-ES to evaluate children's motor coordination difficulties in everyday activities.

Does the item 'hands on floor' add value to the Beighton score in identifying joint hypermobility?

Different assessment tools are used to screen for joint hypermobility. One of the most commonly used tools is the Beighton score. However, the inclusion of the item "hands on floor" (HOF) has been questioned, as this maneuver is not a pure measure of the range of motion because it involves multiple joints and stretching of muscular structures. This study therefore aimed to determine the value of the HOF item to the Beighton score in children aged 6-11 years. Exploratory research involved children in Grades 1-4 attending four different primary schools in South Africa. Children with a severe medical or neurological condition were excluded from the study. Hypermobility was determined as a score ≥5/8 on the Beighton score excluding the HOF item. A total of 460 children (median age 8.58 years [interquartile range, 7.33-9.50]) were tested, of which 34.57% were hypermobile. However, only 8.91% of all children scored positive on HOF. Although a significant association was found between HOF and the hypermobility classification (p=0.007), 86.16% of the hypermobile children could not place their hands flat on the floor. Internal consistency improved slightly when HOF was removed from the scale (α changed from 0.698 to 0.703), with a weak corrected item-total correlation (r=0.16). The specificity of the item HOF in identifying hypermobility is high (93.69%); however, the sensitivity is very low (13.84%). This study does not show an additional value of the item HOF of the Beighton score in children.

Pengaruh Harga, Kualitas Pelayanan dan Lokasi pada Laguna Family Karaoke di Sungai Penuh

This research was conducted to find out (1) The effect of Prices on Customer Satisfaction at Laguna Family Karaoke In Sungai Penuh. (2) The influence of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at Laguna Family Karaoke In Sungai Penuh. (3) The influence on customer Satisfaction at Laguna Family Karaoke In Sungai Penuh. (4) The influence of Price, Service Quality and Location simultaneously on Customer Satisfaction at Laguna Family Karaoke In Sungai Penuh. This research is quantitative research. The population in this research is consumers at Laguna Family Karaoke in 2019. The sampling technique used in this research was accidental sampling. The sample in this research was 80 consumers in Laguna Family Karaoke. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. Validity test using value corrected item total correlation. Reliability test using alpha cronbach. Data analysis technique use multiple linear regression tests. Research result show that : (1) there is a positive influence between price and customer satisfaction at Laguna Family Karaoke In Sungai penuh this is proven from t hitung > dari t tabel which one 7,456 > 2,021 and significant 0,000 < 0,05. (2) There is no positive influence between service quality on customer satisfaction at Laguna Family Karaoke In Sungai Penuh this is proven from t hitung< dari t tabel which one -0,918 <2,021 and significant 0,363 > 0,05. (3) there is a positive influence between location and customer satisfaction at Laguna Family Karaoke In Sungai Penuh this is proven from t hitung < dari t tabel which one -2,371 > 2,021 and significant 0,020 < 0,05. (4) there is a positive influence between prices, service quality and location to customer satisfaction at Laguna Family Karaoke In Sungai Penuh this is proven from oleh fhitung > ftabel that is 24,686> 2,58 dan signifikan 0,000 < 0,05.

Validity and reliability of the Infant Feeding Attitude Scale in young people in Turkey

It has been reported that the intention to breastfeed starts to form long before pregnancy, and that this is actually dependent upon the attitudes adopted in early adolescence. This methodological study involved the translation of the Infant Feeding Attitude Scale from English to Turkish and then the testing of the reliability and validity of the translated version. The study was conducted with 889 university students studying in the eight departments of the Health Science faculty in Turkey. Data for the study were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The validity of the scale was analyzed in terms of content and construct validity. Content validity was assessed by means of the Content Validity Index, and construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability analysis was carried out by calculations using the internal consistency coefficient, the intraclass correlation coefficient, and corrected item total correlations. The scale content validity Index was found to be .99. The 13-item Infant Feeding Attitude Scale displayed a three-factor construct. The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a three-factor construct. Factor loadings varied between .34 and .82. The internal consistency coefficient for the entire sample was .74, and the test–retest was calculated as .96. It was found in our study that the instrument that assesses the attitudes of young people about infant feeding styles was a valid and reliable tool that could be applied to the young people in Turkey. The scale can be used to determine the attitudes of young people towards breastfeeding in studies conducted to increase breastfeeding rates in the society.

Latent structure, measurement invariance, and reliability of an Arabic version of the Short Health Anxiety Inventory

The Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI) is a well-established, self-report measure of health anxiety (HA). However, no psychometrically adequate Arabic-speaking version of this measure is yet available. This study was therefore designed to provide an Arabic version of the SHAI and assess its latent structure, measurement invariance across gender, and internal consistency reliability. Forty hundred and twenty-one Saudis completed the Arabic SHAI online (68.65% women), mean age 25.90, and standard deviation 6.65. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses in different subsamples suggested a 2-factor solution: (1) illness likelihood (IL) with 13 items and (2) negative consequences (NC) with 4 items. This structure was found invariant across gender. Cronbach’s α for the full scale, IL, and NC were .85, .83, and .77, respectively. Corrected item–total correlations for all items ranged from .35 to .68. Performance on the scale did not appear to correlate with gender, while age associated weakly but statistically significant with the total score and IL factor. The present Arabic SHAI appears to be a psychometrically promising tool for the assessment of HA. Further investigations of the scale psychometrics, particularly using a paper-and-pencil format, and clinical utility are warranted.

Okul Müdürlerinin Paternalist Liderlik Davranışları Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi; Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

As an organizational and managerial approach, paternalist leadership is generally considered as a positive value and a functional approach by relying on a deep cultural heritage in Asian societies. Although the concept of studies aimed at determining the dimensions of paternalist leadership has generally limited to benevolent, morality and authoritarianism, it is stated that paternal approaches are essentially exploitative, have some limitations on autonomy, contain some kind of interventionism, find the beneficiary insufficient, and mask the authoritarianism with the compassion and love of the father. The aim of this study is to develop a reliable and valid measurement tool to measure the paternalist behavior of school principals. For this purpose, 245 teachers working in primary schools in Ankara, Mamak, Golbasi and Cankaya district centers were applied. Expert opinions were used for the scope validity of the study. As a result of the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) applied for the construct validity of the study, the variance explained by the scale was determined as 67.16 % and a structure consisting of 5 factors was obtained. According to the results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) conducted to confirm the AFA results, the fit index of the 5-factor structure was found to be at a good level. On the other hand, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used for the reliability analysis of the paternalist leadership scale, and the corrected item total correlations for the distinguishing characteristics of the scale items were examined and it was found that the scale was a reliable measurement tool.

Amalan Kualiti dan Hubungan Gaya Kepimpinan Terhadap Elemen Soft dan Hard Model McKinsey

Public Service Transformation Framework (PSTF) developed based on the principles andplatform of integrity of governance, patriotism, values, corporate ethics and integrity,eco-system and environment of harmonious civil service, included an advance of scienceand technology. PSTF was supported with five strategic thrusts namely empower talent,organizational re-engineering, populist service delivery, embrance and belonging andentrenched values. Hence, government agencies have a great responsibility for ensuring itbecome reality and a comprehensive instrument should be performed. As such, this studypresents the basic formation of the framework and the formulation of strategic towardsachieving the transformation. Seven dimensions of McKinsey 7S model has been used torecognize the strengths and weaknesses of the organization. An adapted set ofquestionnaire from McKinsey 7S model was developed to collecet the data. It comprises44 items: 9 items for SYSTEM, 8 items for STAF, each 6 items for STRATEGIC,STRUCTURE and STYLE, 5 items for SHARE VALUE and 4 items to SKILLS. A total of273 respondents were involved and the realibility test is used to confirm the instrumentthrough 3 criterias i.e. Coefficient Alpha (CA), Corrected Item-Total Correlation (CITC)and Alpha If Item Deleted (AIID). Analysis found that all dimensions were met thecriteria, except STRATEGIC element which is an average score is above 70%. Therelationship of correlation indicated all dimensions are significant at the p < 0.001. Thestudy also shows a significant relationship exists between KEMPIMPINAN STYLE withSOFT and HARD elements.

Psychometric properties of the external Housing-Related Control Belief Questionnaire among people with Parkinson\u2019s disease

BackgroundHousing-related control beliefs are associated with aspects of health among older people in general. Research on Parkinson’s disease (PD) focusing on perceptions of the home are rare and instruments capturing perceived aspects of home have seldom been used.AimsTo evaluate psychometric properties of the external Housing-related Control Beliefs Questionnaire (HCQ) among people with PD.MethodsThe external HCQ were administrated to 245 participants with PD, (mean age = 69.9 years; mean PD duration = 9.7 years). External HCQ has 16-items, with five response options. The psychometric properties evaluated were data quality, structural validity (factor analysis), floor and ceiling effects, corrected item total correlations, internal consistency and construct validity (testing correlations with relevant constructs according to pre-defined hypotheses).ResultsData quality was high. Structural validity showed a unidimensional construct with removal of two items. Homogeneity was questionable, but strengthened after the removal of the two items. For the 14-item version internal consistency was α = 0.78 and SEM 4.47. Corrected item total correlation ranged between 0.31 and 0.54 and no floor or ceiling effects. Significant correlations with relevant constructs supported the construct validity.ConclusionsTaken together, the psychometric results suggest a 14-item version of the external HCQ to be sufficiently reliable and valid for use in the PD population. The results pave the way for further studies, using the HCQ to analyse how perceptions of control of the home may be associated with health among people ageing with PD.

Validation and Factor Analysis of the Lithuanian Version of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory.

This study aimed to validate the Lithuanian version of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI-L), investigate its reliability, and perform factor analysis. A standard protocol of translation was followed for psychometric instruments. A total of 108 patients (75.9% women), mean age 51.9 years, with peripheral or central dizziness and vertigo participated in our cross-sectional study. The internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and corrected item-total correlations (CI-TCs). After a week, 65 of the recruited patients were again asked to fill out Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI)-L to ascertain test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation, ICC). Concurrent validation was performed using Pearson correlation between the total score and subscales of DHI-L and the eight scales of Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36). Finally, the factor structure of the DHI was assessed by principal component analysis (PCA). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was very high (0.91). CI-TCs for DHI-L total scale ranged from 0.33 to 0.67. The correlations between DHI and SF-36 were high to weak. The ICC was excellent for the total score and its subscales. Our proposed two-factor model explained 44.5% of the variance. The first factor indicated disability in daily activities and psychological effect of handicap. The second factor comprised of items that pertained to postural instability. The DHI-L has shown good reliability and validity. Results did not support the original subscale structure of the DHI. As more studies need to be done to restructure DHI, we recommend only using the total DHI score as a measure of dizziness handicap.

The Development of the Turkish Craving for Internet Gaming Scale (CIGS): A Validation Study

As the use of digital technology has increased, abuse and addiction to technology have been identified among a minority of users. In the mid-1990s, the concept of internet addiction was first used. Today, almost every digital technology use has been claimed to have a minority of disordered users. One key aspect of addictive substance behaviors is craving. Craving is also an important component of behavioral addictions including digital technology disorders such as Internet Gaming Disorder. The aim of the present study was to develop the Turkish version of the Craving for Internet Gaming Scale (CIGS) via an adaptation of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS). The present study comprised 368 adolescents from four different samples. The measures used included the Craving for Internet Gaming Scale, Digital Game Addiction Scale, and Brief Self-Control Scale. The structural validity of CIGS was investigated with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and criterion validity. The reliability of CIGS was evaluated using Cronbach α internal consistency reliability coefficient and corrected item total correlation coefficients. As a result of EFA, it was found that the five-item CIGS had a single-factor structure. The unidimensional CIGS obtained as a result of EFA was tested with CFA. As a result of CFA, the unidimensional structure of CIGS was confirmed in two different samples. Criterion validity of CIGS was assessed via digital gaming addiction, self-discipline, impulsiveness, daily internet gaming duration, and internet gaming history. As a result of criterion analysis, CIGS was associated with these variables in the expected direction. Finally, according to reliability analysis, the CIGS was found to be a reliable scale. When validity and reliability analysis of the CIGS are considered as a whole, it is concluded that the CIGS is a valid and reliable scale that assesses craving for internet gaming.

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of caregiver self-assessment questionnaire

Objective: This study aims to translate the Caregiver Self-Assessment Questionnaire (CSAQ) into Turkish language and to test its reliability and validity in Turkish informal family caregivers.Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional and methodological study. Eighty family caregivers (54.53 ± 12.07 years; range 25 to 77 years; 65 females, 15 males) were included in the study. Demographic properties of the participants (age, sex, education, occupation, marital status), relationship with care recipient, caregiving time, main diseases of the patients were recorded. After that CSAQ, Caregiver Well-Being Scale (CWBS) and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) were used for data collection. A test-retest interval of seven-days was used to assess the reliability. Internal consistency between the items was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For reliability; test-retest reliability, intraclass correlation coefficient, and paired sample t tests were used. Intercorrelation of variables was performed with Spearman’s rho tests. A ROC curve and sensitivity and specificity analysis were performed to determine the ability of the CSAQ to predict depression or anxiety.Results: Totally 80 participants completed test/retest procedures. Content Validity Index values of the Items were sufficient and all items were included in the questionnaire. During exploratory factor analysis, 1 factor with eigenvalues greater than 1 were extracted, explaining 62.36% of the total variance. The corrected item total correlation coefficients for Item 2 and Item 5 were found to be <0.3. Therefore, these two items were omitted. Cronbach's α value was found as 0.90 (excellent level). Test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient values range: 0.93-0.97) of the CSAQ was found to be excellent. Statistically negative moderate correlations were detected between CSAQ total score and CWBA basic needs and activities of living sub scores (rho = −0.605, rho = −0.523, p < 0.001), while positive strong correlations were detected between HADS depression and anxiety scores (rho = 0.610, rho = 0.651, p < 0.001). CSAQ score of 9 or greater resulted in a sensitivity of 0.56 and a specificity of 0.87 for depression and sensitivity of 0.84 and a specificity of 0.83 for anxiety. According to the scoring instructions of CSAQ with the positivity of any one of four criteria, we found sensitivity of 0.87 for depression and 0.96 for anxiety.Conclusion: The Turkish version of the CSAQ is a valid and reliable questionnaire for evaluating stress-levels of informal family caregivers.Implications for rehabilitationMeasures of caregivers' psychological status are of clinical value.The Caregiver Self-Assessment Questionnaire functions as a screening measure for symptoms of depression and anxiety.The Turkish version of the Caregiver Self-Assessment Questionnaire is a valid and reliable questionnaire for evaluating stress-levels of informal family caregivers.

The Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale-2 (PDSS-2): Validation of the Spanish Version and Its Relationship With a Roommate-Based Version.

Because of the prevalence and impact of sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD), valid instruments for their evaluation and monitoring are necessary. However, some nocturnal sleep disorders may go unnoticed by patients themselves. To validate a pan-Spanish version of the Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale Version 2 (PDSS-2) and to test the relationships between the PDSS-2 and a PDSS-2 roommate version. PD patients (n = 399) from seven Spanish-speaking countries were included. In addition to the tested PDSS-2 scales, valid measures for sleep disorders and both motor and nonmotor manifestations were applied. Acceptability, dimensionality, reliability, precision, and construct validity were explored, as well as discrepancies and agreement between the PDSS-2 and the roommate version. PDSS-2 showed negligible floor and ceiling effects. Four factors (57% of the variance) were identified. Reliability parameters were satisfactory: alpha = 0.84; item homogeneity coefficient = 0.27; corrected item total correlation = 0.28 to 0.61; and test-retest reliability (average kappa = 0.70; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.83). The standard error of measurement was 5.84, and correlations with other scales assessing nocturnal sleep were high (rS = 0.62-0.56). In comparison to the patient-based total score, the by proxy total score showed no significant difference, high correlation (rS = 0.70), and acceptable agreement (ICC = 0.69), but there were discrepancies in two or more points in 18% of item scores. The Spanish version of the PDSS-2 has shown satisfactory clinimetric attributes. Acceptability and precision data are presented for the first time. The PDSS-2 roommate version could be useful to complement the patient-based evaluation, but additional studies are needed.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the traditional Chinese intermittent and constant osteoarthritis pain (ICOAP) questionnaire for knee osteoarthritis

ObjectivesTo translate and culturally adapt the Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis and Pain (ICOAP) measure to a traditional Chinese version, and to study its psychometric properties in patients with knee osteoarthritis...

The Development of the Turkish Social Media Craving Scale (SMCS): a Validation Study

Over the past decade, the use of social media applications have increased worldwide. In parallel with this, abuse of social media has also increased. In recent years, many disorders related to social media use have been conceptualized. One of the common consequences of these disorders is the intense desire (i.e., craving) to use social media. The aim of the present study was to develop the Social Media Craving Scale (SMCS) by adapting the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS). The study comprised 423 university students (242 females and 181 males) across five different samples. The psychometric instruments used included the Social Media Craving Scale, Social Media Disorder Scale, Brief Self-Control Scale, and Personal Information Form. In the present study, structural validity and reliability of the SMCS were investigated. The structural validity of SMCS was investigated with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and criterion validity. The reliability of SMCS was evaluated using Cronbach α internal consistency reliability coefficient, corrected item total correlation coefficients, and test-retest method. As a result of EFA, the SMCS was found to be unidimensional scale. This unidimensional structure explained approximately half of the total variance. The unidimensional structure of SMCS was tested in two different samples with CFA. As a result of CFA, SMCS models were found to have acceptable fit values. The criterion validity of the SMCS was evaluated by assessing social media disorder, self-discipline, impulsiveness, daily social media use duration, social media usage history, frequency of checking social media accounts during the day, number of social media accounts, and number of daily shares. Analysis demonstrated that the SMCS was associated with all these variables in the expected direction. According to the reliability analysis (Cronbach’s α internal consistency coefficients, corrected item total correlation coefficients, and test-retest method), the SMCS was found to be a reliable scale. When validity and reliability analyses of the SMCS are considered as a whole, it is concluded that the SMCS is a valid and reliable scale in assessing social media craving.

Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C)

Background/aim The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) is one of the most frequently used questionnaires for evaluating moderate to vigorous levels of physical activity in children. However, a Turkish version of the questionnaire was not available. This study aimed to create a Turkish version of the PAQ-C and examine its psychometric characteristics and factor structure.Materials and methods The study was conducted with 784 primary school students (ages 9–14 years). The PAQ-C was examined for content and construct validity and analyzed in terms of reliability. Content validity was evaluated with the content validity index (CVI), construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n = 388), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n = 396). For reliability analysis, Cronbach’s alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated. The factor construct was assessed with corrected item total correlations (CITCs).Results The CVI for the PAQ-C was 0.95. EFA revealed a two-factor construct of ‘at school’ and ‘extracurricular’. CFA confirmed the two-factor construct. Factor loadings varied between 0.41 and 0.80. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.77 and ICC was 0.91 for the test-retest for the entire sample. All CITCs were >0.20.Conclusion The PAQ-C is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used for Turkish children.

The Psychometric Properties of the Mindfulness in Teaching Scale in a Turkish Sample

In this study, by translating the Mindfulness in Teaching Scale (MTS) developed by Frank, Jennings and Greenberg [1] into Turkish, it was aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the scale among Turkish educators. The adaptation study of the scale started with the linguistic equivalence study. After revealing that the scale was equivalent to the original form linguistically, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was applied for the construct validity. As a result of CFA, it was observed that the two-factor structure of goodness of fit was excellent (c2/sd=2.111, IFI=.93, CFI=.93, GFI=.95 and RMSEA=.054) whereas the single factor structure was at acceptable level (c2/sd=2.982, IFI=.87, CFI=.87, GFI=.93 and RMSEA=.072) based on the compliance index value calculations. The Cronbach's-alpha internal consistency coefficient was found to be .64 for the Interpersonal Mindfulness subscale, .80 for the Intrapersonal Mindfulness subscale, and .78 for the whole scale. While the corrected item total correlations ranged from .30 to .65, it was found that t-test results for the scores of the upper 27% and lower 27% groups were significant, and the scale indicated significant relationships with the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) (p<.05). In order to determine the test-retest reliability, correlation coefficient was found to be statistically significant in accordance with the measurements made in 3-week interval. Overall findings demonstrated that the Mindfulness in Teaching Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for Turkish educators.

Validation of the Maternal Identity Scale for Primiparous Thai Teenage Mothers

PurposeThe Maternal Role Attainment Scale Form B (MRAS-Form B) was developed based on Mercer's theory and widely used to assess maternal role attainment among Thai mothers in hospitals. To assess the maternal identity among primiparous adolescent mothers in communities, MRAS-Form B remains indistinguishable due to differences in both mothers' ages and circumstances and was modified to the Maternal Identity Scale (MIS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the MIS. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 397 primiparous Thai teenagers residing with their infants aged 4–12 months. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to confirm the construct validity using Mplus Software. ResultsThe overall model provided fit well to the empirical data (χ2/df = 2.23, comparative fit index = .93, Tucker–Lewis index = .92, root mean square error of approximation = .06, standardized root mean square residual = .05). About 33–66% of the variance among MIS items could be explained by three constructs of maternal identity. Convergent validity showed item loadings ranging from .58 to .81; in addition, average variance extracted and composite reliability ranged from .44 to .54 and .82 to .92, respectively. Discriminant validity correlations between constructs were ranging from .74 to .87. The MIS exhibited very good item discrimination values (.52 ≤ corrected item-total correlation ≤.70) and an excellent reliability (Cronbach's α = .95). ConclusionAppropriately for community health nursing, the MIS was a valid and reliable tool, assessing maternal identity among primiparous teenage mothers one year after delivery.

Development and psychometric testing of a patient-reported inventory to measure patient-centred care in dietetic practice.

To develop and psychometrically test a conceptually grounded patient-reported inventory to measure patient-centred care (PCC) in dietetics. Development of the inventory involved conducting a literature search and selecting previously validated scales to reflect the conceptual model of PCC that was developed by the research team. Next, a cross-sectional survey of patients attending individual consultations with Accredited Practicing Dietitians working in primary care was undertaken. To evaluate the factor structure of the inventory, exploratory factor analysis was performed using principal component analysis. Cronbach's α, inter-item correlations and corrected-item total correlations were computed to test the internal consistency reliability. A total of 133 patients completed the survey. Five factors were extracted, accounting for 78.4% of the variance. All items demonstrated significant loadings (i.e. ≥0.45) and most items had significant loadings on only one factor. High Cronbach's α values (ranging 0.87-0.97), inter-item correlations (0.46-0.89) and corrected item-total correlations (0.61-0.90) indicated good internal consistency of the inventory, but also potential item redundancy. This study provides the first patient-reported measure of PCC in dietetic practice, which has promising preliminary validity and reliability. With further testing, there is potential for this inventory to be used in future dietetic practice, research and education.

Development and validation of training and development capacity building scale

Training and development is a matter of paramount interest to contemporary organisations. Reflecting this growing interest, there has been a steady influx of analysis, diagnosis and prescription by the management thinkers. The literature revealed that the focus of the research has been hitherto confined to the individual phases of training cycle. A comprehensive instrument encompassing all phases of Training cycle has been an untested terrain. This gap provided the spur to develop training and development capacity building scale. The author developed an initial scale of 40 items and subjected it to reliability and validity test culminating in final scale of 23 items. Cronbach's alpha values for the subscales, corrected item-total correlations (CITCs) for all the items, content validity indices, and construct validity indices were demonstrated and the results were highly satisfactory. The study offers a step by step methodology for developing and validating an instrument in survey research.