Order Corrections Research Articles

Managing asynchronous workloads in a multi‐tenant microservice enterprise environment

AbstractA multi‐tenant microservice architecture involving components with asynchronous interactions and batch jobs requires efficient strategies for managing asynchronous workloads. This article addresses this issue in the context of a leading company developing tax software solutions for many national and multi‐national corporations in Brazil. A critical process provided by the company's cloud‐based solutions encompasses tax integration, which includes coordinating complex tax calculation tasks and needs to be supported by asynchronous operations using a message broker to guarantee order correctness. We explored and implemented two approaches for managing asynchronous workloads related to tax integration within a multi‐tenant microservice architecture in the company's context: (i) a polling‐based approach that employs a queue as a distributed lock (DL) and (ii) a push‐based approach named single active consumer (SAC) that relies on the message broker's logic to deliver messages. These approaches aim to achieve efficient resource allocation when dealing with a growing number of container replicas and tenants. In this article, we evaluate the correctness and performance of the DL and SAC approaches to shed light on how asynchronous workloads impact the management of multi‐tenant microservice architectures from delivery and deployment perspectives.

Development and implementation of a breast imaging order panel in the electronic health record: Helping the ordering providers get it right

Appropriate ordering of breast imaging studies is complex due to the variety of clinical indications and available imaging modalities. Incorrect ordering affects radiology resource allocation due to the different workflows and personnel requirements of screening and diagnostic breast imaging. Through the collaborative efforts of stakeholders in Primary Care, Radiology, and Information Services & Solutions, we developed and implemented a breast imaging order panel in the electronic health record with integrated clinical decision support to facilitate correct order selection for screening patients at average-risk and high-risk of breast cancer and for diagnostic breast imaging of symptomatic patients.

On the theory of fast projection methods for high-order Navier-Stokes solvers

We propose a new framework for the design of fast-projection solvers for the Navier-Stokes equations using Runge-Kutta integrators. The framework uses the full nonlinear equations along with rooted trees and exposes the need to track non-linear advection terms for fourth-order and higher integrators as those introduce irreducible elementary derivatives in the truncation error. The framework is then used to derive approximations to the pressure projection by replacing those with suitable approximations that do not affect formal order of accuracy. The proposed pseudo-pressure approximations are easy-to-implement with some of the variants including parametric coefficients that can be exploited to optimize fast-projection solvers for stability or other desirable properties. In addition, we report approximations for adaptive timestepping. Both the parametric and adaptive timestepping results are being reported for the first time in the literature. The proposed approximations are verified with computations of the full Navier-Stokes equations on two benchmark problems with steady and unsteady boundary conditions and fixed and adaptive timestepping. All calculations agree with the theoretical results and produce the correct formal order of accuracy. The proposed framework lays the foundation for future work on fast-projection methods and can be used to reproduce existing results in the literature.

Adopting Religious Course’s Translation in Colleges and Universities as an Essential part of English as a Foreign Language Syllabus for Enhancing English Language Learning

This study aimed to reveal the role of religious course translation in assisting students to gain professionality in producing well-formed syntactically, terminologically, and semantically English texts. Also, the paper is concerned with reflecting on the importance of including this course as a crucial part of English as a Foreign language syllabus in universities and colleges, explicitly rendering the Holy Quran, Hadiths of the prophet, and general religious texts. The study claimed that religious course translation is an effective tool and approach that helps L2 learners acquire English as a Foreign Language EFL/ESL. The researcher adopted quantitative and qualitative approaches for collecting and analyzing the data. For gathering the data, a questionnaire was conducted among undergraduate EFL/ESL students of level 8 at King Khalid University, Almajardah campus, during the academic year 2023-2024 (1444-1445H). Sixty-two students who studied Religious Course Translation (Eng3-330) in the first and second semesters participated in the study. The majority of the students show positive attitudes toward the effectiveness and appropriateness of the religious course translation as an essential method that helps them to understand some aspects of English as a foreign language, such as correct word order, sentences’ structures, new items of vocabulary, cultural issues, besides the style and genre, all of the mentioned essences helping them in improving their four language skills particularly, their communicative skills. Additionally, the findings confirm the significant role of this course in developing and promoting the students’ overall English language learning, resulting in acquiring English as a Forging Language EL/ESL. The findings of this study will be beneficial for instructors who teach English as a second language and for the syllabi designers.

Two is company: The posterior cerebellum and sequencing for pairs versus individuals during social preference prediction.

Previous studies have identified that the posterior cerebellum, which plays a role in processing temporal sequences in social events, is consistently and robustly activated when we predict future action sequences based on personality traits (Haihambo Haihambo et al. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 17(2), 241-251,2022) and intentions (Haihambo et al. Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Neuroscience 23(2), 323-339,2023). In the current study, we investigated whether these cerebellar areas are selectively activated when we predict the sequences of (inter)actions based on protagonists' preferences. For the first time, we also compared predictions based on person-to-person interactions or single person activities. Participants were instructed to predict actions of one single or two interactive protagonists by selecting them and putting them in the correct chronological order after being informed about one of the protagonists' preferences. These conditions were contrasted against nonsocial (involving objects) and nonsequencing (prediction without generating a sequence) control conditions. Results showed that the posterior cerebellar Crus 1, Crus 2, and lobule IX, alongside the temporoparietal junction and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex were more robustly activated when predicting sequences of behavior of two interactive protagonists, compared to one single protagonist and nonsocial objects. Sequence predictions based on one single protagonist recruited lobule IX activation in the cerebellum and more ventral areas of the medial prefrontal cortex compared to a nonsocial object. These cerebellar activations were not found when making predictions without sequences. Together, these findings suggest that cerebellar mentalizing areas are involved in social mentalizing processes which require temporal sequencing, especially when they involve social interactions, rather than behaviors of single persons.

Higher order corrections to the Hagedorn temperature at strong coupling

We propose a general formula for higher order corrections to the value of the Hagedorn temperature of a class of holographic confining gauge theories in the strong coupling expansion. Inspired by recent proposals in the literature, the formula combines the sigma-model string expansion with an effective approach. In particular, it includes the sigma-model contributions to the Hagedorn temperature at next-to-next-to leading order, which are computed in full generality. For mathcal{N} = 4 SYM on S3 our result agrees with numerical estimates with excellent precision. We use the general formula to predict the value of the Hagedorn temperature for ABJM on S2 and for the dual of purely RR global AdS3.

TinyML based Deep Learning Model for Activity Detection

Our physical and emotional well-being are directly impacted by our body positions. In addition to promoting a confident, upright image, maintaining good body posture during various activities also ensures that our musculoskeletal system is properly aligned. On the other side, bad posture can result in a number of musculoskeletal conditions, discomfort, and reduced productivity. Accurate systems that can detect posture in real time, activity detection, are required due to the rising use of wearable technology and the growing interest in health and fitness tracking. The goal of this project is to create a TinyML model for wearable activity detection that will allow users to assess their posture and make necessary corrections in order to improve their health and general well-being. The project intends to contribute to the creation of useful posture detection technologies that can be quickly implemented on wearable devices for widespread usage by leveraging machine learning algorithms and wearable sensor data. For reliable posture categorization, the model architecture combines deep neural networks (DNN) and LSTM layers. With the development and implementation of the TinyML model, a significant decrease in the model's power consumption, memory, and latency was achieved without any compromise in the accuracy. This work can be used in the fields of health, wellness, rehabilitation, corporate life, sports and fitness to keep track of calories burned, activity duration, distance traveled, posture analysis, and real-time tracking.

The AdS Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude

We present a constructive method to compute the AdS Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude, order by order in AdS curvature corrections. At kth order the answer takes the form of a genus zero world-sheet integral involving weight 3k single-valued multiple polylogarithms. The coefficients in our ansatz are fixed, order by order, by requiring: crossing symmetry; the correct supergravity limit; the correct structure of poles, determined by dispersive sum rules; and the dimensions of the first few Konishi-like operators, available from integrability. We explicitly construct the first two curvature corrections. Our final answer then reproduces all localisation results and all CFT data available from integrability, to this order, and produces a wealth of new CFT data for planar mathcal{N} = 4 SYM at strong coupling.

데이터베이스 이용제한 행위에 대한 경쟁법 적용

In a data-driven economy, companies (esp. platform companies) with large amounts of data can use it to gain competitive advantages, such as product and service innovation and improvements. However, when big data is concentrated in the hands of a few companies, new entrants may find it difficult to enter the market or, if they do, to compete. It is legal for companies to collect significant amounts of data and to manage and control it. However, the issue of misuse of data to increase entry costs and extend market power is being debated in various countries around the world on the need for regulation at the competition law. This study will introduce the Canadian Competition Bureau's Intellectual Property Enforcement Guidelines (the “IP Guidelines”) and the case of the Toronto Real Estate Board's (the “TREB”) restrictions on the use of a real estate database in the Toronto area, which addressed whether the restrictions constituted an abuse of market power under Canadian competition law(the “Case”).
 The case has been a long-running legal battle that began in 2011 with an investigation by the Canadian Competition Bureau and concluded in 2018 with a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada. As such, it is considered to be a precedent-setting case in the context of determining abuses of market power in relation to database restrictions. Recently, the Korea Fair Trade Commission also imposed a corrective order and a fine on NAVER for the act of preventing a third party (a competitor such as Kakao) from providing real estate listing information provided by NAVER through a contract with a real estate information provider. The case contains many similar legal issues to the NAVER case and is worthy of comparison and analysis. This study draws implications for Korean competition law enforcement through foreign regulations and case studies on platform operators' data access restriction.

Transmission mode synthetic aperture interferometry using a compact coherent imager and switched fiber-optic illumination

This paper discusses a modular implementation of synthetic aperture interferometry (SAI) using inexpensive telecommunications technologies that can be expanded for use in optical instruments with arbitrarily large fields of view. Exploiting multiple image sensors and multiple illumination sources, transmission and reflection SAI geometries, capable of emulating the phase contrast and interference modes of conventional interference microscopes, are considered. The point-spread and transfer characteristics of these geometries are illustrated for the case of a transmission mode instrument. It is shown that although imaging is strictly field dependent (i.e. shift-variant), the response of modular instruments is periodic and with careful choice of illumination and sensor positioning can be made quasi shift-invariant. We demonstrate SAI in a transmission configuration comprising of a single coherent imager that holographically records the field scattered from a test target sequentially illuminated by 16 different plane waves. This set-up is equivalent to a single module of a larger SAI system and since brightfield regions in the individual reconstructed images overlap, provides an ideal platform to examine the effect of tilt and phase offset errors in the illumination. By applying a first order correction and assuming phase continuity over the overlapping regions, we demonstrate a significant improvement in the SAI reconstruction.

Number Express: a Digital Game to Improve Early Numeracy

Early numeracy (including basic skills like counting, order processing, etc.) has repeatedly been observed to predict later scholastic but also vocational prospects. As such, it seems sensible to foster it early on during development. In this article, we describe the development and initial evaluation of Number Express, a digital game designed to facilitate numerical skills in pre-and primary school considering the latest evidence from research on order processing. The game consists of a train with six carriages for the player to fill in with numbers in the correct order. The game progresses in difficulty across several levels, moving from smaller to larger numbers and sequences in steps of 2, 5, and 10. Informative feedback helps players in case they respond wrongly. Associating numbers to carriages in the correct order earns the player points, with which they can buy items in a virtual shop, providing additional experience with calculating with money. During the design phase, we sought feedback from researchers, teachers, and an education consultant specialising in the learning and teaching of primary mathematics. Piloting will involve testing the game with a small group of preschool children to evaluate its playability and ease of use and to resolve any remaining technical issues. Additionally, we will gather feedback from children to identify any areas of the game that might be improved or made more engaging. In the next step, the game will be implemented in an intervention study to determine its effectiveness in improving children's early numeracy skills. In case the game proves to be effective in improving children's early numeracy skills, it has the potential to be a valuable tool for educators and parents in supporting their children's numerical development.

Advanced file carving: ontology, models and methods

File carving techniques are important in the field of digital forensics. At the same time, the rapid growth in the amount and types of data requires the development of file carving methods in terms of capabilities, accuracy, and computational efficiency. However, most of the methods are developed to solve specific tasks and are based on a certain set of assumptions and a priori knowledge about the files to be recovered. There is a lack of research that systematizes methods and structures approaches to identify gaps and determine perspective directions for development, considering the latest advances in information technology and artificial intelligence. The subject matter of this article is the structure, factors, efficiency criteria, methods, and tools of file carving, as well as the current state and tendencies of development of file carving methods. The goal of this study is to systematize knowledge about advanced file carving methods and identify perspective directions for their development. The tasks to be solved are as follows: to identify the main stages of file carving and analyze approaches to their implementation; to build an ontological scheme of file carving; and to identify perspective directions for the development of carving methods. The methods used were literature review, systematization, and summarization. The obtained results are as follows. An ontological scheme for the file carving concept is constructed. The scheme includes the principles, properties, phases, techniques, evaluation criteria, tools used, and factors influencing file carving. The features, limitations, and fields of application of the data recovery methods are provided. It was established that the most widespread approach to file reconstruction is still a manually detailed analysis of the internal structure of files and/or their contents, identifying specific patterns that allow reassembling the sequence of data fragments in the correct order. However, most of the methods do not provide one hundred percent guaranteed results. This article analyzes the current state and prospects of using artificial intelligence methods in the field of digital forensics, particularly for identifying data blocks, clustering, and reconstructing files, as well as restoring the contents of media files with damaged or lost headers. The necessity of having priori information about the file structure or content for successfully carving fragmented data is determined. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is as follows: for the first time, advanced file carving methods are systematized and analyzed by directions of development and the perspectives of using artificial intelligence for identifying data blocks, clustering, and file content restoration; for the first time, an ontological scheme of file carving is constructed, which can be used as a roadmap for developing new advanced systems in the digital forensics field.

Сортировка коллизий пересечения

The article describes the features of the transition to information modeling at the design stage, which lead to an increase in the number of digital information models. Quantitative and qualitative improvement of models entails an increase in the time spent by highly qualified labor resources. A method is proposed for sorting intersection collisions for their subsequent correction in order to rationalize the use of labor resources in design organizations, and the organization of work to improve the quality of digital information models, and design solutions in general. Thus, using the collision sorting method, assigning weights to elements, it is possible to increase the productivity of qualified engineers through the rational use of labor resources.
 The greatest number of collisions consist of the intersection of walls with walls, from this it can be concluded that the tool with which the walls are modeled is used incorrectly, there is probably a duplication of elements. The value of weak intersections in the future can be reduced, thereby the verification conditions will become tougher, there will be more intersection collisions, the quality of the CIM will increase after their correction. The values of the weights in this study are assigned based on the fact that the load-bearing elements have a higher priority.
 As further research, it is possible to determine the weights for most of the CIM elements in different types of capital construction projects by expert evaluation and make methodological recommendations.

Revisiting semileptonic B meson decays at next-to-next-to-leading order

We compute next-to-next-to-leading order corrections to the semileptonic decay rate of B mesons for arbitrary values of the final-state quark mass. For the contribution with one massive quark in the final state, we extend the literature result and obtain analytic expressions in terms of iterated integrals. For the complete contribution, which also includes contributions with three massive quarks in the final state, we present a semi-analytic method, which leads to a precise approximation formula for the decay rate. Our results agree with the expansions available for b → cℓν¯\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\overline{\ u} $$\\end{document}ℓ and b → uℓν¯\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\overline{\ u} $$\\end{document}ℓ in the literature. The main emphasize of this paper is on the technical aspects of the calculation which are useful for a wider range of applications.

Quark mass effects in double parton distributions

Double parton distributions can be computed from the perturbative splitting of one parton into two if the distance between the two observed partons is small. We develop schemes to take into account quark mass effects in this computation, and we study these schemes numerically at leading order in the strong coupling. Furthermore, we investigate in detail the structure of the next-to-leading order corrections to the splitting kernels that include quark mass effects.

Causal explicit algorithm for heat conduction in a plasma

Hyperbolic heat conduction extends standard Spitzer-Harm heat conduction by including a term proportional to the time derivative of the heat flux. The new term arises from a kinetic derivation of the heat flux that includes higher order corrections. We present a causal explicit numerical algorithm for solving the nonlinear hyperbolic heat conduction equation in an unmagnetized plasma. The maximum stable timestep for the causal explicit algorithm scales linearly with the cell size, owing to the hyperbolic nature of the problem. This is in contrast to the quadratic scaling of the maximum stable timestep with the cell size for the parabolic forward time centered space algorithm. The favorable scaling of the timestep with the cell size enables a practical explicit implementation of heat conduction in high-performance massively parallel plasma codes. In particular, we have implemented the causal explicit algorithm in the laser plasma interaction code pF3D. We verify the CE algorithm and analyze its convergence rate by simulating a harmonic mode, which has an analytic solution within the context of the HHC model. We also compare simulations using the CE algorithm to those using the forward time centered space algorithm on a pair of test problems: evolution in time of a Gaussian temperature perturbation in a uniform plasma and heat transport in the presence of inverse bremsstrahlung heating by a Gaussian laser speckle.

Primordial black holes from strong first-order phase transitions

We study the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in strongly super-cooled first-order phase transitions. The mechanism is based on the presence of remnants dominated by the false vacuum that scale slower with the expansion of the Universe than their surroundings where this energy was already converted into radiation. We compute the PBH formation from these remnants including the contribution from the false vacuum and the bubble walls, by estimating the collapse using the hoop conjecture and by considering both regions collapsing immediately when entering the horizon and sub-horizon regions that collapse as their compactness grows. We show that for exponential bubble nucleation rate, Γ ∝ eβt, the primordial black hole formation implies β/H ≳ 3.8, where H denotes the Hubble rate, if the potential energy of the false vacuum is ∆V ≲ (1012 GeV)4, as otherwise a too large abundance of long-lived PBHs forms. The observed dark matter abundance can be formed in asteroid mass PBHs if β/H ≃ 3.8 and 105 GeV ≲ ∆V1/4 ≲ 108 GeV. Finally, we consider also the effect of the second order correction to the exponential nucleation rate showing that the PBH abundance is mainly determined by the average radius of the true vacuum bubbles.

Constraining the top-quark mass within the global MSHT PDF fit

We examine the ability of experimental measurements of top-quark pair production to constrain both the top-quark mass and the strong coupling within the global MSHT parton distribution function (PDF) fit. Specifically, we consider ATLAS and CMS measurements of differential distributions taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, as well as tbar{t} total cross section data taken at a variety of experiments, and compare to theoretical predictions including next-to-next-to-leading order corrections. We find that supplementing the global fit with this additional information results in relatively strong constraints on the top-quark mass, and is also able to bound the strong coupling in a limited fashion. Our final result is m_t=173.0pm 0.6~textrm{GeV} and is compatible with the world average pole mass extracted from cross section measurements of 172.5pm 0.7~textrm{GeV} by the Particle Data Group. We also study the effect of different top-quark masses on the gluon parton distribution function, finding changes at high x which nonetheless lie within the large PDF uncertainties in this region.

Virtual source of a Butterfly beam

Using the virtual source method, we derive the expressions of (1+1) and (1+2)-dimensional butterfly waves. These waves can be considered to be generated by a virtual complex source at the complex position on the z-axis, which are exact solutions of the Helmholtz equation. Through numerical calculation and experiment, we study the evolution of (1+2)-dimensional butterfly wave in free space, and find that the distribution constants and beam width can affect the focusing distance and the evolution rate of the light field. Then, we carry out Taylor expansion for the exact solution of (1+1) and (1+2)-dimensional butterfly waves, and prove that the non-paraxial solution with higher order correction is valid.

Black hole extremality in nonlinear electrodynamics: a lesson for weak gravity and Festina Lente bounds

We study black hole extremality in nonlinear electrodynamics motivated by the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) and the Festina Lente (FL) bound. For illustration, we consider the Euler-Heisenberg model and the Dirac-Born-Infeld model in asymptotically flat spacetime, de Sitter spacetime, and anti-de Sitter spacetime. We find that in all cases the extremal condition enjoys a certain monotonicity expected by the WGC. This provides evidence for the conjecture beyond the leading order corrections to the Einstein-Maxwell theory. We also study how light charged particles modify the mass-charge relation of Nariai black holes in de Sitter spacetime and discuss possible implications for the FL bound. Besides, we point out an interesting similarity between our black hole analysis and gravitational positivity bounds on scattering amplitudes.