Correct Handling Research Articles

Crashed Electric Vehicle Handling and Recommendations—State of the Art in Germany

In the near future, electric powered vehicles will represent a major part of the road traffic. Accordingly, there will be a natural increase of accidents involving electric vehicles. There are not many cases of such accidents yet and therefore the experience and correct handling are still partially open points for the involved parties, such as the rescue services for example. The aim of this work is to provide a complete overview of the accident handling sequence in Germany, starting with the damaged vehicle on site and moving on to the risks and challenges for the stakeholders, such as transport and recycling companies. Arising from the developed overview, a handling recommendation for yet undiscussed points is given. Especially, different extinguishing and deactivation methods are compared and discussed. Due to a lack of a common live-feed from battery data on site, other criteria have to be taken into account to assess the state of the battery. The wrecked vehicle—including the high voltage system—needs to be in a definite safe state at the handover to a towing service. Depending on the case, different options for securing the vehicle will be considered in this work.

Designing a GDPR compliant blockchain-based IoV distributed information tracking system

Blockchain technologies and distributed ledgers enable the design and implementation of trustable data logging systems that can be used by multiple parties to produce a non-repudiable database. The case of Internet of Vehicles may greatly benefit of such a possibility to track the chain of responsibility in case of accidents or damages due to bad or omitted maintenance, improving the safety of circulation and helping granting a correct handling of related legal issues. However, there are privacy issues that have to be considered, as tracked information potentially include data about private persons (position, personal habits), commercially relevant information (state of the fleet of a company, freight movement and related planning, logistic strategies), or even more critical knowledge (e.g., considering vehicles belonging to police, public authorities, governments or officers in sensible positions). In the European Union, all this information is covered by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).In this paper we propose a reference model for a system that manages relevant information to show how blockchain can support GDPR compliant solutions for Internet of Vehicles, taking as a reference an integrated scenario based on Italy, and analyze a subset of its use cases to show its viability with reference to privacy issues.

Moisture Adsorption and Desorption Behavior of Raw Materials for the T-RTM Process

The use of fiber reinforced plastics (FRPs) has significant potential to reduce the weight of components. As regards the sustainability of these components, thermoplastic matrices offer more potential for recycling than thermoset ones. A possible manufacturing process for the production of thermoplastic FRPs is thermoplastic resin transfer molding (T-RTM). In this very moisture-sensitive process, ε-caprolactam in addition to an activator and catalyst polymerizes anionically to polyamide 6 (aPA6). The anionic polymerization of aPA6 is slowed down or even completely blocked by the presence of water. This study analyses the sorption behavior of the matrix, fiber, binder and core materials for the production of anionic polyamide 6 composites, which are processed in the thermoplastic RTM process. Water vapor sorption measurements are used to determine the adsorption and desorption behavior of the materials. The maximum moisture loading of the materials provides information about the water adsorption capacity of the material. This knowledge is crucial for correct handling of the materials to achieve a fast process and good properties of the final product.

Stability, preservation and storage of As(iii), DMA, MMA and As(v) in water samples.

Correct handling and preservation of water samples is crucial to ensure their integrity for arsenic speciation measurements. ISO TS 19620:2018 is a method for the determination of arsenic(iii) and arsenic(v) species in waters by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) or hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS). During the development of this method, a study was performed to establish the best practices for storage and preservation of samples to maintain the integrity of the arsenic speciation and stability. Four arsenic species were studied: arsenite (As(iii)), arsenate (As(v)), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in three different water types: deionised water, mineral water and natural river water. The effect of sample bottle material, light, storage temperature, and acidification were evaluated. When samples are acidified and refrigerated, they can reliably be stored for up to 12 weeks without significantly affecting the arsenic concentration and speciation. The sample bottle material and light had no affect on the speciation integrity or stability.

Bacteria Isolated from Free-range Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) Eggs Sold in Semiarid Conditions and its One Health Impact

Background: Food contamination is an important and growing public health concern due to the risk of foodborne illnesses. In this context, the egg, consumed all over the world, stands out. This food has been pointed out as a carrier of several bacteria, causing outbreaks of food toxinfection. The production of free-range chicken eggs (Gallus gallusdomesticus) has been an alternative for generating income for producers in Brazil; however, there is no monitoring of the sanitary quality of this product. The objective of this study was to identify microorganisms in 128 free-range chicken eggs sold in open markets in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil.Discussion: The frequency of bacterial isolation obtained in this study was high and reflects contamination of the eggs, which can occur through the shell, and factors such as air humidity, time and temperature favor the migration of bacteria from the shell to the internal content of egg. Food toxinfection occurs due to improper conditions in food processing, and it is essential to guarantee correct handling, promoting health quality. Therefore, some care related to egg management is necessary, from primary production to commercialization, ensuring food safety for consumers. Another point to be highlighted concerns the way of marketing this product. Eggs from free-range chickens are usually sold in open markets, kept at room temperature from production to final distribution, mainly in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. Temperature, storage time and chicken’s characteristics (lineage, age, nutritional management and health status) are factors that have a direct influence on the quality of the food offered to the consumer. The high frequency of isolated bacteria warns of the implementation of control measures to avoid contamination of this product and the importance of the correct use of antimicrobials in poultry, in order to avoid the spread of resistance-carrying pathogens, minimizing economic, health and environmental impacts.

The indonesian government strategy of herd immunity in handling of pandemic COVID 19

The health protocol in the PSBB policy has become less effective in preventing the spread of the COVID 19 virus because human transactions and activities (as a medium for the spread of the COVID 19 virus) in public spaces still occur, with various spreads through various transmissions, either by direct contact, droplet or airborne. The 3 M health protocol (Wearing a mask, maintaining distance and washing hands), cannot guarantee that the health protocol can run within 24 hours perfectly, as a result the spread of the COVID virus is getting more massive, both in offices, schools / pesantren, markets / spending centers even within the family environment there are clusters of the spread of the COVID virus. This can be seen from the large number of mass gatherings that have occurred, both religious activities, election processes etc, even according to the COVID 19 task force Doni Monardo explained that from March to December 2020 tens of thousands who came from various countries to Indonesia, 2,800 confirmed positive people for COVID 19. The correct handling of COVID 19 should be the Karangtina area (Lockdown) as mandated by Law No. 6 of 2018 concerning Health Quarantine, because there is no social interaction or community activity in public spaces, and the government guarantees the basic needs of the community for free, but why does the government not adopt a regional quarantine policy.

دراسة تحليلية لسلسلة القيمة لمحصول البطاطس بمحافظة المنوفية

دراسة تحليلية لسلسلة القيمة لمحصول البطاطس بمحافظة المنوفية

Percepción ambiental de los productores del Ejido López Mateos, Municipio de Sayula de Alemán

En el presenta trabajo se muestran los resultados del estudio sobre los problemas ambientales generados por el uso excesivo de plaguicidas en la actividad agrícola, lo que trae como consecuencia la generación de envases vacíos. Estos envases requieren de un manejo correcto, un destino final preciso y controlado porque son una fuente de contaminación o riesgo tóxico para el ser humano y el medio ambiente.
 La generación de envases de agroquímicos trae consigo ciertos riesgos, pero pueden ser casi nulos mediante una adecuada gestión de los envases en desuso; aunque la realidad indica que la mayor parte de los productores realiza un inadecuado manejo, ocasionado por ausencia de normas ambientales, falta de políticas públicas sobre este tipo de basura toxica y falta de información sobre cómo realizar el manejo correctamente, así como de las consecuencias perjudiciales que provoca en la salud humana y el medio ambiente.
 Los principales problemas que se observan en las regiones agrícolas en la actualidad es el abandono de los envases vacíos de plaguicidas en los campos donde cultivan. Algunas prácticas comunes son las siguientes: enterrarlos, quemarlos o reutilizarlos. Sin embargo ninguno de estos métodos son acordes con el cuidado del medio ambiente ni responden a los protocolos internacionales de producción que resguardan la calidad, inocuidad de los alimentos y la salud del trabajador.
 Para atender este problema se realizó un estudio los productores de la comunidad de Adolfo López Mateos, perteneciente al municipio de Sayula de Alemán. A través de una encuesta aplicada a productores del sector agropecuario, se identificaron las prácticas que realizan con los envases vacíos. Los resultados fueron que tiran los envases vacíos a la superficie donde cultivan, porque desconocen qué hacer con ellos. Sin embargo, están dispuestos a capacitarse sobre la técnica de triple lavado. Los resultados permitieron conocer las formas de percepción y cuidados del medio ambiente.
 Finalmente se propuso la técnica de triple lavado como una alternativa para mejorar el cuidado del entorno, de tal manera que se pueda contribuir a reducir el consumo de plaguicidas y en su caso de envases vacíos. Así como aprender sobre el uso que se le puede dar a los envases vacíos de plaguicidas, ya que actualmente son unos de los principales problemas en el campo.

Nutritional management of dogs and cats and trends in the pet food market: Review

In recent years, dogs and cats have started to participate in the monthly budget in Brazilian homes making them part of the family, where tutors increasingly have a greater number of domestic animals, where Brazil is the second largest in population of dogs and cats, 52 million dogs and 22 million cats, obtaining clear demand from the food industry. Given this context, the present study aimed to assess in the literature the nutritional management of dogs and cats and trends in the pet food market. This market specialized in feed and used marketing “affection between humans and dogs”, convincing even veterinarians to indicate to tutor’s pet food as a safe, complete and balanced source for animals. Dogs and cats are anatomically carnivorous animals, they have well-developed canines, their stomach is extremely acidic with no salivary amylase. Food and ingredients to nourish dogs and cats must meet their basic requirements when ingested, making the animal's health good. According to the studies evaluated, the reason for the considerable increase in demand for natural food is due to the benefits that this diet offers, they are: health, satisfaction and safety to animals. The awareness of the guardians of dogs and cats about the need for correct food handling is of great importance in the lives of pets, as the inadequate supply of food can cause diseases, obesity and malnutrition in these small animals.

Thermodynamic and Economic Studies of a Combined Cycle for Waste Heat Recovery of Marine Diesel Engine

In the present study, the thermodynamic and economic performance of a combined thermodynamic cycle formed by an ORC and a Kalina cycle, which can simultaneously recover waste heat of exhaust gas and cooling water of marine engine, has been analyzed. Two typical marine engines are selected to be the waste heat source. Six economic indicators are used to analyze the economic performance of this combined thermodynamic cycle system with different marine engine load and under practical comprehensive operating condition of marine engine. The results of the present study show that the combined thermodynamic cycle system with R123 as organic working fluid has the best performance. The system with cis-butene has the worst economic performance. Under practical comprehensive operating conditions of ships, R123 has the shortest Payback Periods, which are 8.51 years and 8.14 years for 8S70ME-C10.5 engine and 5G95ME-C10.5 engine, respectively. Correspondingly, payback Periods of Cyclopentane are 11.95 years and 11.90 years. The above values are much shorter than 25 years which are the lifetime of a marine ship. Under practical comprehensive operating conditions of ships, the combined cycle system can provide output power which is at least equivalent to 25% of engine power. Considering that R123 will be phased out in near future, cyclopentane may be its good successor. Cyclopentane can be used safely by correct handling and installing according to manufacturer’s instructions.

Risks of work with cytotoxic drugs

Background. Cytotoxic drugs (CTD) are widely used in medicine for the treatment of tumors and other diseases. According to the definition, CTD are the drugs, which are toxic for cells, that is, interrupt their replication or growth. Effects of CTD are not targeted, that’s why when they get into the organism, they can harm not only target cells, but any other cells, and not only the patient, but also the other people who contact with them, especially, the healthcare workers (HCW).
 Objective. To define the risks of work with CTD.
 Materials and methods. Analysis of the literature data on this topic.
 Results and discussion. In case of breaking the safety rules, HCW may contact CTD. They can be exposed via skin contact, inhalation of aerosols or swallowing of the particles of CTD, via needle injuries. Actions and procedures, which can be accompanied by the contact of HCW with CTD, include drug preparation and administration, handling of drug containers and waste materials, handling the biological liquids of CTD-treated patient, cleaning of the spills or items, polluted by biological liquids. Exposure to CTD can result in the abdominal pain, hair loss, vomiting, liver injury, nasal sores, contact dermatitis and allergic reactions, miscarriages and fetal malformations (in pregnant women), changes in total blood analysis, mutations appearance. It is not proven that long occupational exposure to CTD leads to cancer, despite it is known that the majority of CTD have genotoxic, cancerogenic and mutagenic effects. Tactics of risk minimization in work with CTD includes definition of risk groups (pregnant women, newbies), assessment of the potential harms of used drugs, written fixation and often reassessment of risk estimation, HCW education. The latter must include methods of CTD preparation, peculiarities of CTD usage and waste handling, correct usage of individual protective equipment (IPE) etc. CTD must be prepared exclusively by the HCW, who underwent the adequate training, and in the specialized settings (HEPA-filtered exhaust systems, negative pressure rooms, absorbing surface covers). IPE must include vinyl or nitrile gloves, waterproof long-sleeved robe or overall with elastic cuffs, goggles or face shield, respirator, shoe covers. Potentially polluted by CTD waste must be collected into the polypropylene or polyethylene bags with the appropriate labeling.
 Conclusions. 1. CTD may harm not only target cells, but also the other cells, and not only patients, but all the other exposed people. 2. CTD exposure may lead to the abdominal pain, hair loss, vomiting, contact dermatitis, miscarriages and fetal malformations, etc. 3. There is a spectrum of protective measures to protect HCW from CTD exposure (IPE, equipment of specialized working places for CTD solutions’ preparation, correct waste handling).

Assessment Of The Functional Capacity Of The Elderly Of Barangay San Fabian, Echague, Isabela, Philippines

Normal aging process, acute illness, worsening chronic illness, and hospitalization can contribute to a decline in the ability of the older adults to perform task necessary to live independently. One of the best way to evaluate the health status of the elderly is through functional assessment which provides data that may indicate future decline allowing the nurse and their primary care giver to intervene appropriately. This study was conducted to assess the functional capacity of the elderly living at San Fabian, Echague, Isabela. The Descriptive-Inferential design was used. A total of 107 respondents with a mean age of 70.26, majority are female (52.3%), married (62.6%), and obtained college education 29.9% and 10.3% are graduate and undergraduate respectively. 43% receives pension. Respondents and significant others were interviewed using a 3-point Likert scale. On the level of functional capacity, researcher found out that the elderly are independent in performing BADL and need assistance in performing of IADL such as ability to use phone, shopping, performing heavy domestic works, laundry, taking medication in correct time and handling of finances. Age has a negative significant relationship with their ability to perform both the BADL and IADL and there is a difference between gender and source of income and their ability to perform IADL. The study also shows a significant relationship between the respondent’s marital status and their education with their ability to do IADL.

Central venous catheter insertion: Review of recent evidence.

Guidelines for prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CR-BSI) describe a series of recommendations for correct insertion and handling of central venous catheters (CVCs). Since their implementation, quality programs such as "Zero bacteremia" have achieved a reduction in CR-BSI rates, but there is still room for further improvement. New evidence is emerging regarding, e.g., antiseptic-antimicrobial impregnated catheters or the use of passive disinfection of closed connectors. These examples of new tools among others might help to further decrease infection rates. This article aims to review new evidence-based strategies to reduce catheter insertion-related infection.

Phylogeny-Aware Alignment with PRANK and PAGAN.

Evolutionary analyses require sequence alignments that correctly represent evolutionary homology. Evolutionary homology and proteins' structural similarity are not the same and sequence alignments generated with methods designed for structural matching can be seriously misleading in comparative and phylogenetic analyses. The phylogeny-aware alignment algorithm implemented in the program PRANK has been shown to produce good alignments for evolutionary inferences. Unlike other alignment programs, PRANK makes use of phylogenetic information to distinguish alignment gaps caused by insertions or deletions and, thereafter, handles the two types of events differently. As a by-product of the correct handling of insertions and deletions, PRANK can provide the inferred ancestral sequences as a part of the output and mark the alignment gaps differently depending on their origin in insertion or deletion events. As the algorithm infers the evolutionary history of the sequences, PRANK can be sensitive to errors in the guide phylogeny and violations on the underlying assumptions about the origin and patterns of gaps. To mitigate the effects of such model violations, the phylogeny-aware alignment algorithm has been re-implemented in program PAGAN. By using sequence graphs, PAGAN can model and accumulate evidence from more complex gap structures than PRANK does, and incorporate this uncertainty in the inferred ancestral sequences. These issues are discussed in detail below and practical advice is provided for the use of PRANK and PAGAN in evolutionary analysis. The two software packages can be downloaded from http://wasabiapp.org/software .

Equipment and materials management

Equipment and materials management

Decomposition Methods for Machine Learning with Small, Incomplete or Noisy Datasets

In many machine learning applications, measurements are sometimes incomplete or noisy resulting in missing features. In other cases, and for different reasons, the datasets are originally small, and therefore, more data samples are required to derive useful supervised or unsupervised classification methods. Correct handling of incomplete, noisy or small datasets in machine learning is a fundamental and classic challenge. In this article, we provide a unified review of recently proposed methods based on signal decomposition for missing features imputation (data completion), classification of noisy samples and artificial generation of new data samples (data augmentation). We illustrate the application of these signal decomposition methods in diverse selected practical machine learning examples including: brain computer interface, epileptic intracranial electroencephalogram signals classification, face recognition/verification and water networks data analysis. We show that a signal decomposition approach can provide valuable tools to improve machine learning performance with low quality datasets.

Comparison of momentum transport models for numerical relativity

The main problems of nonvacuum numerical relativity, compact binary mergers and stellar collapse, involve hydromagnetic instabilities and turbulent flows, so that kinetic energy at small scales have mean effects at large scale that drive the secular evolution. Notable among these effects is momentum transport. We investigate two models of this transport effect, a relativistic Navier-Stokes system and a turbulent mean stress model, that are similar to all of the prescriptions that have been attempted to date for treating subgrid effects on binary neutron star mergers and their aftermath. Our investigation involves both stability analysis and numerical experimentation on star and disk systems. We also begin the investigation of the effects of particle and heat transport on post-merger simulations. We find that correct handling of turbulent heating can be important for avoiding unphysical instabilities. Given such appropriate handling, the evolution of a differentially rotating star and the accretion rate of a disk are reassuringly insensitive to the choice of prescription. However, disk outflows can be sensitive to the choice of method, even for the same effective viscous strength. We also consider the effects of eddy diffusion in the evolution of an accretion disk and show that it can interestingly affect the composition of outflows.

Effect of Observational Evaluation of Food Safety Curricula on High School Students' Behavior Change

High school students have limited food safety knowledge and lack safe food handling skills. However, youth of high school age are frequently employed in food service and will prepare food for themselves. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a food safety educational intervention for changing students' food handling behaviors, and the theory of planned behavior was used to construct factors that contribute to behavior change. A combination of stationary and wearable (GoPro) cameras was used to observe the food handling practices of high school students in key areas, including food thermometer use, hand washing and hand drying, glove changing, and environmental cleaning. The percentage of correct food handling techniques was measured categorically, and the number of groups who complied with thermometer use and environmental cleaning guidelines was recorded. The percentage of students using correct hand washing, hand drying, and glove changing techniques significantly increased in the postobservation cooking session. However, the percentage of correct hand washing and glove changing events remained <50% for certain subcategories: hand washing time (38%), hand washing after handling raw produce (36%) and touching skin (20%), changing gloves after gloves became contaminated or torn (47%), and washing hands between glove changes (15%). Students modified their behaviors to comply with subjective norms related to the study, including instructor expectations, but some students did not plan to change the behaviors they practiced at home. Students cited food handling behaviors they observed their parents using when making decisions about how to prepare food. This study highlights the need for the development of food safety educational interventions that encourage safe food handling skills and address influences from key subjective norm groups.

Auto station precipitation data making up using an improved neuro net

AbstractIn the real world, precipitation data of automatic weather stations are easily influenced by direct thunderstrokes, instrument ageing, electromagnetic interference, human operation errors and other factors. When close to the observation time, if the missing automatic station data cannot be corrected in a timely fashion, the whole quality of the station data will be affected. Thus, correct handling of the missing precipitation data to maintain their integrity has important significance. In this paper, we propose a “from coarse to fine” (FCTF) neural network to fill out the missing blanks and experiments show that this method to solve the problem of meteorological data shortage is effective.

Evaluating the Carbon Emissions Efficiency of the Logistics Industry Based on a Super-SBM Model and the Malmquist Index from a Strong Transportation Strategy Perspective in China.

Carbon emissions from the logistics industry have been rising year after year. Correct handling of the relationship between economic development and environmental protection is of great significance to the implementation of green logistics, which is an important component of China’s strategy for strong transportation. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the carbon emissions efficiency of logistics industry from a new strong transportation strategy perspective. A super-efficiency slack-based measurement (Super-SBM) model and Malmquist index are combined to evaluate the static and dynamic carbon emissions efficiency of the logistics industry. The results indicate that compared with the SBM model, the Super-SBM model can more effectively measure the carbon emissions efficiency of the logistics industry. Pilot regions for the strong transportation strategy were divided into two categories, namely regions with slow carbon emission growth rates but high efficiency, and regions with high carbon emission growth rates but low efficiency. Some policy recommendations from the strong transportation strategy perspective were proposed to improve the carbon emissions efficiency of the logistics industry, especially for the second category of pilot regions. This study is expected to provide a basis for decision-making for efficient emissions reduction measures and policies, and to encourage the pilot regions to take the lead in achieving the goal of China’s strategy for transportation.