Presence Of Corporations Research Articles

Permission/Seduction/Indulgence: Integrating Digital Media in the Theatre-Making Process

As digital design increasingly inscribes its own narrative from the outset of the rehearsal process, twenty-first century theatre artists and audiences are becoming more and more accustomed to porous dramaturgies, influenced by information technologies and digital articulations. This article explores the use of technology in contemporary performance by interrogating the diverse functions of the multimedia element by touching on a number of theoretical and practice-related issues: How has technology affected performance both in terms of creative strategies and audience experience? What are some of the pleasures and dangers involved in the omni-presence of the media in today’s theatre landscape? How has digital articulation enhanced, ironized or redefined structure and characterization? Under what conditions can the encounter of corporeal presence with an electronically interceded image provide meaningful experiences for the audience? Bringing in examples from different multimedia productions, I will try to illustrate a work method of compositional dramaturgy, where the philosophy that structures the mise-en-scene draws from the visual as well as ontological collision between the live and the mediated. Keywords: digital performance; multimedia theatre; contemporary directing; theatre-making; digital dramaturgy

Світовий досвід оподаткування сімейного бізнесу та перспективи його впровадження в Україні

Approaches to defining the essence of family businesses in foreign countries are considered and the main requirements for their creation are determined. It is determined that family business in foreign countries is mostly carried out in farming. The world family business is characterized by two features. First of all, the preservation of a huge number of small and medium enterprises created by family members. The second feature is the presence of huge family corporations and holdings with a world name and age history, which are inherited 3-6 times. Approaches to the regulation of family businesses in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Romania are analyzed. Foreign experience proves that family businesses can be created both in the form of commercial enterprises and in the form of a legal entity, which allows companies to choose the rules of their own activities; an automatic registration procedure is applied, which reduces time costs; the law defines the list of persons who may belong to family members; joint and several liability of family members under the terms of the contract is applied, which strengthens the liability of all family members for the results of activities; There is a distribution of profits depending on the amount of contributions of each family member, which creates the interest of all persons in increasing the profits of the enterprise. Draft legislative acts were considered, which provided for the introduction of family businesses taxation or regulation of their economic activities. The advantages and disadvantages of such bills are substantiated. The existing system of taxation of family farms within the single tax is analyzed (group 4). Recommendations on the possible introduction of family business taxation in Ukraine as part of the simplified taxation system are substantiated. The risks of applying family business taxation for the state and family businesses are highlighted.

Understanding Niger Delta’s violence from a World-Ecology perspective

The conflict in the Niger Delta region (Nigeria) has become one of the most environmentally and humanly devastating contexts on the African continent since the 1960s. The network of different actors involved in this context forms a complex web in which multiple and asymmetrical dynamics and interactions can be identified. From Jason Moore’s World-Ecology perspective (2015), the article suggests that this complex interaction should not be understood as a mere postcolonial episode in the context of globalisation, but as a historical network of relations. This network, in which human and extra-human natures are intertwined, is key to understanding the process of capital accumulation in the region and the resulting capitalogenic violence since the 16th century. Against this background, the article also attempts to counter the tendency to interpret violence and social resistance in the Niger Delta region as mere criminal phenomena or from narratives such as the “resource curse” that has simplified the multidimensionality of violence. In this sense, the paper analyses the different forms, strategies and meanings through which local resistance movements have tried to safeguard and re-appropriate their livelihoods and the commons in recent decades in the face of the growing presence of multinational oil corporations.

Role of Judiciary in Developing the Concept of Corporate Crime

The concept of corporate crime has grown rapidly the last thirty years, with an increasing number of corporations participating in economic and public life. Particularly came to the notion that corporations within their core business can act against the law, causing damage to the country, but also to society as a whole. Having in mind the essence of corporate operations and management (the pursuit of making profit), and the scope of their activity, we can assume how much damage it inflicts illegal activities. In addition corporate crime now dominates pronounced international character, given the growing presence of multinational corporations, which further aggravated criminal reaction to this form of negative social effects. In addition, in today's age of global capitalism, advanced technology development, including the development of e-commerce (e-commerce), we can expect further growth of corporate crime. Also corporate crime shows strong correlation with other types of crime, especially white-collar crime, economic crime and organized crime. There is often a lack of differentiation of these criminal phenomena, which affect the study of corporate crime. Although by doing some of their activities the corporation performs specific criminal offenses, criminal liability of legal persons for a long time has no provisions for that under national law, especially the European countries from which Corporation is coming. Therefore, many countries have joined the facelift for the criminal law, and to provide accountability and punishment of legal persons for criminal offenses (either directly, or indirectly to). Bearing in mind the European directive and other international standards, it is expected that this issue will be aligned in the European countries in a way that will make the offenses responsible corporation, which will cause the development of corporate criminal law.

IPads, Free Data and Young Peoples’ Rights: Refractions from a Universal Access Model During the Pandemic

The United Nations deemed internet access to be of critical importance for human rights in 2016. In 2020, schools around the world closed during the COVID-19 pandemic. As schools were closed, inequities in internet access gained widespread public attention as many educational opportunities shifted online. Amidst this shift, this paper analyzes an Ontario provincial announcement to provide 21,000 iPads and free data for young people (ages 4-18), during the pandemic. The closure of schools in Ontario, Canada, meant that young people and families who faced technological challenges, such as a lack of devices, stable and affordable internet connections, or sufficient data allowances, could experience barriers to their right to an education. This paper revisits a community informatics (CI) model of internet access, the Access Rainbow, to analyze attempts to operationalize the right to an education through technology in Ontario. In parallel to rights, however, the field of CI faces the ongoing presence of profit-oriented corporations within universal access efforts. This paper argues that socio-technical infrastructural elements of access to the internet became visible through the breakdown of the pandemic. Furthermore, it considers the multi-stakeholder efforts required to implement useful and effective access, where school boards responded in varied ways locally. The paper contributes the concept of refraction to offer continued theorization of a distributive paradigm and a rights-informed approach in community informatics against the backdrop of the pandemic, which could also act as an opening for privatization and disaster capitalism.

Abigail under “the Livery of a Nun”: Staging Nuns in Post-Reformation England

This essay primarily discusses that the role of Abigail in Marlowe’s The Jew of Malta embodies contemporary discomfort about femininity, theatricality and Catholicism. In-post-Reformation England, both anti-theatricalism and anti-Catholicism reflect the suspicion of clothing’s potential to misrepresent the wearers’ identity, which leads to ideologically loaded rhetoric that figured Catholic vestments as costume. Abigail, a Jewish girl converted to a Catholic nun, is exclusively depicted as free from stereotypes of either greedy Jew or hypocritical Catholic. However, in Marlowe’s sceptical dramatic world, Abigail’s corporeal presence on stage, with a nun’s habit assumed by a boy actor, summons up the negative values formerly invested in the garments; deception, hypocrisy, promiscuity and immaturity. The sacred singularity of Abigail might be valid textually at best, and the most challenging attempt, especially on Elizabethan stage, is to depict her as a consistently sacred female. In post-Reformation England, nuns on stage, including Abigail, demonstrate the representational crisis of female sacredness under contemporary anti-Catholicism, anti-theatricality and Protestant misogyny.

«Die fesselndsten Arbeitsstätten» in der illustrierten (Unternehmens-)Presse

Abstract The second half of the «long» 19th century appeared to be a period of both rapid economic and medial change in western societies. Large corporations, that often seemed obscure to the public in their complexity and with their mass-production, emerged. Mass production, alongside a less rigid censorship and an enlarged readership also had an impact on the press market, as more and more differentiated media products came into being, the most prominent among them being the illustrated magazine with its multimodal character. As large-scale organizations had a special need of translating their purposes to the public but were in need of public support at the same time, it seems rather natural that alongside other methods they looked for these media products for support or tried to apply their characteristics to own means of communication. Therefore, the presence of corporations within illustrated magazines as well as the presence of illustrated magazines within corporations is to be examined more closely.

Voluntary social performance disclosure and firm profitability of South African listed firms: Examining the complementary role of board independence and managerial ownership

Background: There is growing literature promoting corporate governance mechanisms as important elements that could mitigate the inconclusive findings within the corporate social performance and firm profitability research. A key theoretical assumption within the extant literature that provides support for this proposition is that corporate social performance and firm profitability are organisational outcomes in the presence of good corporate governance.Aim: Firstly, the aim is to re-investigate voluntary social performance disclosure (SPD) and long-term profitability association from the perspective of international standards, using the Global Reporting Initiative G3.1 guidelines. Secondly, to examine the joint moderating effect of board independence and managerial ownership (MO) on the voluntary SPD and profitability nexus.Setting: The South Africa institutional setting, where recent corporate governance regimes require firms to voluntarily make corporate governance related disclosures on both shareholder-and stakeholder-related information is used as the study context.Method: Utilising manually extracted data of listed firms, over the period 2010 to 2015, the generalised least square regression and seemingly unrelated regression (with a 1-year lag as the main independent variable) are used to examine the stated hypotheses.Results: We found a positive association between voluntary SPD and long-term profitability. We also found that the presence of non-executive directors positively moderates the association between voluntary SPD and long-term profitability. Thirdly, the proportion of MO significantly positively moderates the association between voluntary SPD and long-term profitability. Lastly, the complementary role of the presence of non-executive directors and the proportion of MO significantly positively moderates the association between voluntary SPD and long-term profitability.Conclusion: This study finds support for scholarly theoretical arguments that organisational outcomes are largely possible in the presence of good corporate governance, which has a long-term implication for firms’ shareholder wealth maximisation. This study contributes to the ongoing research examining the notion of substitutive versus complementary effects of governance mechanisms, and a growing research literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure from the perspective of international standardisation. This study therefore makes far-reaching contributions to the corporate governance and social responsibility literature in an African context.

Tokens of Love

Contextualist scholars working on the rhetoric of corporeal presence in seventeenth-century English religious lyrics have naturally focused their attention on sacramental discourse of the Reformation era. As part of the Common Knowledge symposium on the future of contextualism, this full-length monograph, serialized in installments, argues that the contextualist focus on a single and time-limited “epistemic field” has resulted in a less than adequately ramified understanding of the poetry of John Donne, George Herbert, Aemilia Lanyer, and John Milton. What the contextualist approach misses is that even the religious discourses of the period were tied to a long and in no way local epistemological debate about signs and their meaning, whose roots are to be found in Greek and Latin rhetorical theory. This first installment of “Tokens of Love” commences a discussion of the role of classical pagan sign-theory in the development of Reformation sacramental discourse.

Scientific and technological activities of TNC: current trends and prospects

In the article the authors consider the features of scientific and technological activities of transnational corporations, highlight the main trends and prospects for its development. In particular, it is emphasized that the source of modern development of society and human activity is innovation, and accordingly innovation becomes an important tool for all radical changes in human development and the economic system in general. Scientific and technological development of transnational corporations is a crucial prerequisite for ensuring their profitable activities. The purpose of the article is to analyze current trends and prospects for the development of scientific and technological activities of transnational corporations. The article examines the features of the R & D organization in multinational corporations. The dynamics of expenditures in individual leading TNCs on R&D is given. It is noted that the global nature of competition not only makes innovations more significant for TNCs, but also necessitates the search for new ways to innovate. The paper identifies the main types of technological policy, identifies the reasons for the centralization and decentralization of R & D, as well as possible risks that arise in the implementation of these policies. The experience of developed countries shows that competitiveness is ensured by a number of conditions, the main of which are the accumulated scientific and technological potential, institutional factors of technological progress and the presence of large knowledge-intensive corporations. Therefore, the current trend of scientific and technological activities of TNCs is a new wave of mergers and acquisitions (M&A). The authors present the largest mergers and acquisitions at the beginning of the XXI century. In the last two decades, as a result of the growing internationalization of research, the trend of forming strategic alliances has sharply increased, especially due to the merger of companies in such high-tech industries as pharmaceuticals, telecommunications, semiconductors, etc. Special attention is paid to analysis of the reasons for the formation of strategic alliances. It is shown that in some cases competitors become partners in strategic alliances in high-tech industries. In conclusion, it is noted that in conditions of fierce competition in both international and domestic markets, the ability of companies to operate and develop depends on their ability to create and implement innovations. It is innovations that cause continuous economic change, contribute to the dynamic development and increase the efficiency of both the economic system as a whole and individual enterprise. The scientific and technological development of corporations is the main prerequisite for ensuring and increasing their international competitiveness.

Public-Private Partnerships and the Digitization of the Textual and Cultural Record

A range of private-public partnerships, volunteer and crowdsourced labour, local, national, international and commercial agendas, and competing copyright systems intersect with the important but complicated project of digitization of the world's cultural material. These agendas are sometimes open, social, and collaborative (Edmond 2016; Liu 2016) but are also often closed, profit-driven, or sensitive agendas (Thylstrup 2019). This paper investigates a series of case studies of electronic access to books and cultural heritage, each incorporating some notion of a public-private partnership and some notion of the importance of open access agendas. It explores the metaphors that we use to conceptualize a form of open social scholarship based on an open social digitization agenda, including the HathiTrust’s Digital Library, Google Books, and Microsoft’s partnership with the British Library. The paper asks how the principles of open social scholarship contribute to a better and more nuanced understanding of digitization as a cultural practice and asks how a better understanding of the networks, partnerships, and paperwork (agreements, policies etc) of digitization could inform developments in open social scholarship. The public-private partnerships that surround the digitization of the cultural record assist underfunded cultural organizations to do important digitization work but also introduce complexities and contradictions in open social access to information. In addition, the mix of volunteer and crowdsourced labour operating in collaboration with cultural sector professional staff create intricate chains of value over time, space, and sector. The presence of large-scale corporations inside these arrangements has added another layer of complexity over time, and one that many public stakeholders are still struggling to navigate. The case studies examined here illuminate new facets of the large-scale international agenda of digitization at the social and cultural level and provide insight to help establish a framework for digitization that is open, social, and collaborative. The principles of open scholarship provide a useful first step in unpacking this.

Foreign Direct Investment, Product Sophistication, and the Demand for Skilled and Unskilled Labor in Chilean Manufacturing

This paper uses plant-level data from the manufacturing sector of Chile for the period 1995–2007 to analyse the existence of spillover effects from foreign direct investment (FDI) and the role of product sophistication on the demand for skilled and unskilled labour. We find that the presence of multinational corporations increases the demand for highly skilled labour while it decreases the demand for unskilled labour on firms located in the same industry and region, and also on firms located in the same region but operating in different industries. Those effects are more substantial for firms producing less sophisticated products suggesting that, at least for the case of Chile, lower levels of sophistication can make it easier for local firms to learn from multinational corporations. We also find that the spillover effects are more important for plants that are small in size and for those that do not participate in international markets as either exporters or importers. This paper contributes to the literature by showing that product sophistication can have a significant effect on the magnitude of FDI spillovers on the demand for both skilled and unskilled labour.

Controlling Developed-Country Subsidiaries via Human Resource Management

Even though the presence of Chinese multinational corporations (MNCs) in developed economies have grown substantially, the knowledge about how these firms manage their developed-country subsidiaries remain rather scant. This study applies agency theory to explore how ownership type influences Chinese MNCs’ control over developed-market subsidiaries. Findings based on the qualitative data collected from Chinese MNCs demonstrate that private-sector businesses (PSBs) and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) experience different agency problems in developed countries and thus apply different control strategies. PSBs are likely to implement a relational control system that strengthens the interdependence between headquarters and subsidiaries, whereas SOEs tend to adopt a hybridization control system that separates the management of home-country expatriates and employees hired locally. This study provides implications to the literature on agency theory and control theory and advances the research of emerging market MNCs.

Cyient: enabling innovation through idea tree initiative

Learning outcomes The case would help students to learn the concept of high involvement innovation activity and how to apply it in large service organizations to increase innovation involvement. The case will help the students to reflect on the significance of organizing structure and culture of an organization for enabling innovation and innovation process models. The case would further help the students to develop the skill to plan and implement simple, innovative innovation process models which will increase the ideation capabilities of the organization. The students will also be able to understand the role of informal learning in innovation and how to facilitate it. Case overview/synopsis Cyient – a global services firm – had always focused on innovation as a key strategic capability winning various annual client awards for over a decade. However, in 2012, Cyient missed the innovation awards which led to the introduction of Idea Tree initiative in Aerospace & Defense (AED) business unit of Cyient. Cyient was able to co-create patents and offer cost savings to its clients through the Idea Tree initiative. This cost-effective and unique initiative resulted in re-organizing the structure (from formal to a quasi-formal), culture (open to new ideas, mistakes and failures) and process (stage-gate) inside Cyient AED business unit. However, Idea Tree also suffers from challenges such as lack of a digital format, lack of corporate presence across Cyient and its highly informal nature. In this context, the CEO wants to review the Idea Tree initiative to decide on its future in Cyient. Complexity academic level The case is suitable for teaching multiple facets of innovation for MBA and Executive MBA classes in core Strategy, Managing Organizations and Entrepreneurship and for elective courses such as Innovation Management, Organizing for Innovation or HRM for Innovation. The case is suitable for both fresher and experienced participants. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 6: Human Resource Management.

STRATEGI APPLE INC. DALAM PENGUASAAN PASAR PRODUK TEKNOLOGI DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2015-2019

The presence of Multinational Corporations (MNCs) is one of the impacts of the development of patterns of international relations after World War 2. MNCs become non-state actor which is considered to have a great influence on the international political economy. MNC itself is based in its home country and has subsidiaries or activities in other countries or we called host country. Indonesia has become one of the countries with potential markets chosen by various MNCs, and Apple Incorporation is one of them. Apple Inc. is one of the MNC from California, USA which is engaged in technology. The market in Indonesia is no doubt. Apple itself has a good image in Indonesian technology market. Various policies faced by Apple Inc. in Indonesia must be accepted in the interests of this company. In addition, Apple must be faced with competitors who also exist in the Indonesian technology market. Apple Inc. must have a strategy that can maintain its presence in Indonesia. So that it can continue to internationalize its products in the Indonesian technology market.

Arctic entrepreneurship development factors

When studying Arctic entrepreneurship, the researcher encounters many paradoxes. Against the background of a powerfully developed topic of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship in regional science, the layer of work on the entrepreneur in the Arctic is extremely thin. What is even worse – well-known mainstream theories turns out to be unsuitable for the study of Arctic entrepreneurship.Under these conditions, the only way out for a researcher is to attach to a zonal paradigm and recognize the Arctic as an anti-mainland, and Arctic entrepreneur as the full antipode of a continental fellow. The adherence to the zonal paradigm removes contradictions and equips the researcher with a comparative method to elaborate all facets of the Arctic exceptionalism in the figure of the entrepreneur. The entrepreneur here is understood as a close «relative» to the indigenous peoples and the entire Arctic economy, the Arctic environment, and their specific behavioral traits and adaptation strategies to natural and economic extremes.The most important factors in the development of entrepreneurship in the Arctic, which create a mosaic picture of situations in the Arctic territories, are: the geographical location – an island or quasi-mainland position; the presence of large resource corporations and a specific stage of their exploitation of the resource field; the institutional structure of the local economy in terms of the degree of nationalization. The cumulative impact of these factors creates a multi-faceted picture, when the Murmansk oblast is at one pole of the extreme favorable conditions for business, and the Chukotka autonomous okrug is at the other extreme hardness.However, the favorable factors themselves do not guarantee the active development of entrepreneurship. The example of the Murmansk oblast demonstrates the opposite: the conditions for entrepreneurs here are so comfortable that they prefer to slip to the south, where there is no need to bear the burden of northern guarantees and compensations for the employee, and from there to conduct their business activities.

Annual Report Narratives and the Cost of Equity Capital: U.K. Evidence of a U-shaped Relation

We hypothesize and test for a U-shaped relation between the cost of equity capital and the level of disclosure in annual report narratives. Using a computer-generated word-count-based index of the level of disclosure in U.K. annual report narratives, we document a negative relation with the cost of equity capital at low levels of disclosure, and a positive relation at higher levels of disclosure, together implying the presence of an optimal level of disclosure. We interpret the positive relation at higher levels of disclosure as evidence of uninformative clutter increasing the cost of equity capital. Additional analyses indicate the presence of both firm-level learning and regulatory corporate reporting initiatives as factors shaping adjustments towards optimum levels of disclosure.

Globalización desde arriba y desde abajo en el Valle de San Quintín, en Oxnard y en otros territorios de producción fresera

The article will analyze different recruiting methods adopted by local farms located in the San Quintin Valley, in Baja California, and transnational companies that operate in the strawberry sector in both Mexico and the United States. This valley is a fundamental route for migrants from southern Mexico who travel to the north of the country and the U.S. The article draws on the fieldwork carried out during 2016 and 2017, in San Quintin and Oxnard (U.S.), where the presence of the same agri-food corporations allows an analysis of their economic and territorial strategies. The methodology has been based on quantitative and especially qualitative techniques.

O Psíquico e o Corporal da Sexualidade nas Origens da Psicanálise freudiana

Resumo O artigo tem por objetivo explorar, em uma perspectiva teórica conceitual, a presença corporal da sexualidade na compreensão da psicanálise, não se esgotando ela no psiquismo. Argumenta-se que as vivências primitivas da sexualidade (a sexualidade infantil) não somente determinam formas da fantasia e dos sintomas, mas vigem como vivências corporais de estímulo e excitação, satisfação, prazer de órgão e dor. Para isso, percorre-se os diversos modos da presença da sexualidade nas neuroses e nas perversões, tais como compreendidas a partir dos primeiros textos de Freud, mostrando suas raízes no corpo e seus traços originários como permanentemente corporais. Conclui-se com a irredutibilidade entre psiquismo, sexualidade e corpo.

MODELS AND METHODS FOR FORMING REGIONAL CORPORATE STRUCTURES

The basic models, mechanisms and methods of integration of regional corporate structures have been presented. The foreign and Russian experience in the formation of corporate structures has been considered. The structure of the integration mechanism in the context of the interaction of the external and internal environment of the organization has been discussed, which makes it possible to manage integration in the process of forming the corporate structure and its further development on the basis of identifying dominant factors in order to achieve a balanced state of the system. It has been shown, that the influence of large corporations on the economy of the region is determined by number of features. Russian practice indicates, that corporations receive substantial benefits from the region’s economy, and for regions the presence of large corporations often does not contribute to the development of the economic space. Nevertheless, modern realities determine the need for the development of corporate structures at the regional level.