Corporate Financial Statements Research Articles

The attractiveness of the BRICS and G7 countries in the global hydrocarbon market

The increasing international political tensions and the growing use of economic sanctions in world markets have made it more important to compare the prospects for the development of major players in the global economy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of the BRICS and G7 countries based on the attractiveness of their industries for other countries, including those from the Global South and East, which are still undecided about joining either group. To achieve this goal, the following objectives were set and achieved: to obtain statistically significant data on the capabilities of associations, taking into account the political and economic orientation of supranational organizations; to form and compare the financial and economic profiles of industry participants from BRICS, G7, and non-aligned countries; to assess the attractiveness and development potential of players in the BRICS and G7 markets. The methodology used has been based on regression analysis, comparative analysis, multidimensional analysis, and nonparametric testing of corporate financial statements from public companies in 2019 and 2020. The analysis of the images of the industry residents of BRICS, G7, and “neutral” countries has allowed to identify a trend toward increased polarization and growing differences between the BRICS and G7 members. The criteria for this trend are indicators of business margins, sales volumes, capital, and the volume of non-current assets. According to three out of four criteria, the overall image of an industry resident from BRICS is more attractive than that of from G7 due to multiple exceedances of the values of these criteria indicators. This serves as a clear example of the potential for undecided countries from the Global South and East to join this association and strengthens BRICS’ authority and development.

Digital Marketing and the Presentation of Corporate Financial Statements: An Analysis of the Literature on Transformation and Impact

This study aims to analyze the integration of digital marketing with corporate financial reporting, focusing on its impact on transparency, accountability, and the challenges associated with its implementation. The research adopts a qualitative approach through an extensive literature review, systematically examining scholarly articles, industry reports, and case studies from reputable sources. The analysis uses thematic coding to identify trends, challenges, and the implications of integrating digital marketing data into financial reporting. The findings reveal that digital marketing significantly enhances financial transparency and accountability by providing real-time data and facilitating dynamic stakeholder engagement. Platforms such as social media and corporate websites are pivotal in disseminating financial information and receiving real-time feedback, improving financial reports' accuracy. However, integrating digital marketing data poses challenges, including data security, regulatory compliance, and the need for new skills among financial professionals. Companies that effectively harness AI and big data analytics in their financial reporting demonstrate improved forecasting and decision-making capabilities. This integration offers transformative opportunities for businesses to enhance their financial reporting's accuracy and timeliness. Nevertheless, addressing the challenges of data integration and security, as well as bridging the skills gap, is crucial for realizing the full potential of digital marketing in financial reporting.

Sustainability dimensions in the mission, vision and value statements of the largest corporations in Ghana: a sectoral analysis

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare how the various sectors among the largest companies in Ghana have incorporated sustainability into their mission, vision and value statements.Design/methodology/approachThe mission, vision and value statements of the 100 largest corporations in Ghana, known as Ghana Club 100 (GC100), were extracted from the firms’ official websites. These firms were grouped into nine sectors, and the sustainability components in the mission, vision and value statements were subjected to cross tabulation and thematic contents analysis to establish the sectoral variations.FindingsIn formulating their mission, vision and value statements, GC100 firms were more than six times likely to include economic sustainability themes than environmental sustainability themes. Even though three out of every five GC100 firms are financial institutions, the manufacturing and the extractive sectors and firms ranked 1st−20th are three times likely to incorporate all the sustainability dimensions (i.e. economic, social and environmental) into their mission, vision and value statements. Firms in the financial sector and those ranked 80th−100th were more likely not to publish either a mission, vision or value statements online.Practical implicationsThis study reveals the magnitude of the strategic pronouncements such as mission, vision and value statements of large firms in emerging economies and how they are aligned with sustainability. This could serve as a basis for formulating guidelines to reinforce efforts that contribute to corporate sustainability.Originality/valueResearch on how large firms align sustainability into their mission, vision and value statements is not a new agenda, but fragmented in the context of the emerging economies. The novelty is that this study addresses this gap and contributes to this topic from a sectoral comparative perspective of largest organization in Ghana, an emerging economy.

How Firm Characteristics Affect the Timeliness of Financial Disclosures in Nigerian Insurance Firms

Increasing the relevance of corporate financial statements to decision-making processes necessitates rapid availability of financial information to users. This study delves into the timely reporting practices of Nigerian insurance companies over a twelve-year period, spanning from 2009 to 2021. Through an examination of firm characteristics such as size and age, alongside the timeliness of financial reports measured by audit report delay, this research sheds light on the intricate dynamics influencing financial reporting practices within the Nigerian insurance sector. Utilizing advanced statistical analysis techniques including fixed effect modeling and diagnostic tests for data normality and heteroskedasticity, the findings unearth compelling insights. Notably, while firm size exhibits a significant negative impact on financial reporting timeliness, the influence of firm age proves to be less straightforward, indicating nuanced factors at play. This study underscores the imperative for insurance companies to bolster their asset bases, thereby enhancing their capacity to mitigate delays in financial reporting. By elucidating the interplay between firm characteristics and reporting timeliness, this research offers actionable recommendations to fortify the integrity and efficiency of financial reporting practices within the Nigerian insurance industry.

Peranan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Perbankan

The study aims to provide empirical evidence about the effect of Good Corporate Governance as represented by the variables of the audit committee, the commissioner's council, and the quality of audits upon the partial quality of financial statements. The research method used is a quantitative study method with a descriptive approach. Samples from this study are 37 Banks registered to the Indonesia Stock Exchange (ISE) from 2019 to 2020, with 74 annual data observations of the company's annual report. Variables of the audit committee and council of commissioners are being presented by the number of members, variable quality audits are being propositioned using the type of public accountant's office, while the quality of financial statements is being targeted with Return On Assets (ROA). Hypothetical testing was done using linear regression analysis methods and testing t. data processing using a IBM SPSS statistic 25.0 application. Studies have shown that the auditing committee and the quality of the audit have no effect on the quality of the financial report, whereas the board of commissioners have significant impact on the quality of the financial report. These results can be used to look at the quality of corporate financial statements. Board commissioner variables that have an impact on the quality of financial statements can become used by companies to improve the quality of the financial report.

Identifying Fraud Financial Reports Based on Signs of Income Management Using Machine Learning Technology: The Case of Listed Companies in Vietnam

This study aims to use a measure of earnings management to predict companies whose financial statements have problems. This is an identification measure other than common measures to predict financial statement fraud such as measuring by the M-Score or the Z-score model that many previous studies have applied. In the income management measure, the author uses a measure of abnormal cash flow and abnormal expense flow to consider whether the corporate financial statements have problems or not. To do this, the author uses data from listed non-financial enterprises in the period from 2018 to 2022, with machine learning and deep learning algorithms, of which we focus on three main algorithms: ANN, SVM and RF. The results show that identifying problematic financial statements based on abnormal cash flows is quite effective with an accuracy of over 78% for the SVM method, while if using the RF method, the accuracy reaches over 82% but it is required to accept an increased processing time.

مراجعة قوائم وتقارير الشركة المساهمة خارجياً: بين حقٍ مبينٍ وسرابٍ مستحيلٍ

The separation of ownership and management in the corporate model resulted in the need for an external party to certify the representation of the financial statements prepared by the corporation’s executive management of its financial position and the financial, cash and operational performance of its executive management. The existence of the corporation whose shares are traded in the market and stock exchanges also resulted in the emergence of a class in society, lurking for price fluctuation. Accounting has founded a concept that it is the servant of every rational decision maker. However, the concept of 'decision makers' in accounting is imaginary. Financial accounting has not been able for more than a century and until our present moment to provide a model for the financial statements and reports that the corporation is required to prepare and publish in response to their so-called needs of its financiers. The financial statements are prepared based on financial accounting standards, which represent the contemporary accounting truth. Such truth is impossible and is not a reflection of the economic reality on which the accounting entity is constructed. The external auditor’s approval of the corporate financial statements prepared by its executive management makes him its partner in preparing the financial statements and reports. What gives value to the opinion of the external party is his possession of the technical knowledge that gives him an advantage over the rest of the members of his society, and his independence from the executive management is the foundation of his work and professionalism. However, academic research in accounting and auditing casts doubt on the objectivity of the external auditor and even his ability to be independent, as their relationship is closer to cooperation than to opposition, representing the interests of the party absent from the contractual relationship between them. External auditing is the only profession whose practitioner must monitor whom he receives his fees in service to watch the interest a part that is absent in the contractual relationship. The external auditor does not provide the service of auditing the financial statements and reports of corporations as a community or voluntary service, but rather it is a service in exchange for covering his expenses and achieving a source of income. Also, work skills and dealing with the audit firm’s clients are of great importance in the audit firm, and leadership. Reliance on the one-partner model in implementing audit engagements is a source of risk. The external auditor is a product of his society. The doctrine that his society follows is his belief, and it is what affects his decisions. It is the balance of matters. Strengthening the independence of the external auditor, even in the presence of legislation, is not sufficient for the independence of the mind of the external auditor.

Accounting Standards in India: Operational Issues

Accounting standards were primarily developed to provide more transparency in business operations and to ensure accurate reporting that supports wise decision-making. Together with these things, accounting ideas, techniques, and principles changed. Accountability standards are really more than just a framework; they are fundamentally similar to legislation. In order to resolve disputes between parties with disparate interests, accounting standards are also crucial. An essential mediator in settling conflicting interests is accounting standards. Accounting standards are regarded with legitimacy by many interest groups. They work to guarantee that readers of financial statements are provided with accurate information about the company. Malignancy of this includes the many instances of business scams in which investors were conned out of crores of rupees, levies were fined, and embezzlement was permitted. Because of all of this, changes to the standards were necessary to make them more informative and tone-regulating. Amending related legislation was required by these revisions. A thorough knowledge of whether the account is in line with materiality, transparency, complete exposure, and operational support is required. From a business standpoint, accounting standards are evaluated for their efficacy in promoting transparency via exposure and accuracy in reporting. In order to assist stakeholders' decision-making and provide functional support for the firm, corporate financial statements (profit and loss account and balance sheet) needed to be made visible and efficient. The present research looks at the accounting standard revisions from the perspectives of company registers, cost accountants, and chartered accountants. Professionals, the experimenter examines their viewpoints about the efficacy of accounting standard change. This makes the research relevant.

Navigating wartime communications: multinational corporations in the Russia-Ukraine war

AbstractThis article explores the communication strategies of multinational corporations in response to the Russo-Ukrainian War and the public pressure to divest from the Russian domestic market. By content analyzing official statements from the top 50 revenue-generating multinational corporations in Russia, the article identifies patterns in corporate narratives about the war, their actions and concerns, and potential solutions. The findings reveal that most companies declare scaling down their presence in Russia while maintaining certain basic obligations, prioritizing employee safety, and expressing concerns about the global economy. While few explicitly condemn Russia's aggression, many adopt neutral language to avoid naming Russia as the aggressor. Corporations emphasize the importance of diplomacy, adherence to international law, and the pursuit of peace, but often avoid proposing concrete solutions. Despite variations across industries, countries of origin, and decisions to stay or leave Russia, the differences in statements were not significant. The uniformity of corporate statements and evidence that companies frequently do not follow their declared promises suggest potential “bluewashing” – making vague or false claims of social responsibility or anti-war stances to improve their public image. These findings emphasize the need for multinational corporations to develop sincere and original wartime communication strategies.

Analisis Faktor Ukuran Perusahaan, Struktur Kepemilikan, dan Profitabilitas terhadap Ketepatan Waktu Pelaporan Keuangan

Those studies goals are designed to observe the factor evaluation of company size, ownership structure, and profitability on the time of financial reporting. Thisstudies is absolutely primarily based on financial statements of banking corporations listed to Indonesia stock exchange. A focused sampling method became used within the sampling of this examine. The records evaluation technique used on this examine is logistic regression evaluation. The statistics used on this examine had been received from secondary statistics in the form of annual accounts of organizations listed in Indonesia stock trading (IDX 2018-2020). The consequences of this examine imply that ownership structure has a positive and insignificant effect on financial reporting timeliness, even if company size and profitability have a positive and significant effect on financial reporting timeliness.
 Keywords: Size1; Ownership 2; Profitability3 ; On Timeliness 4

Serials as Vital Resources: A Bird’s Eye View

Serials are important sources of information to library users. This study examines the serials management in a Law library, the Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies (NIALS). Diverse resources aid research, learning and teaching, among these are serials. They feature as inaugural lectures, public briefings, reports, white papers, gazettes and other government publications, hazards, panels/commissions of inquiry, memoirs, findings, treaties, field trip’ reports, television or film series, body corporate statements of accounts, newspapers, conference proceedings. The role of UNESCO coupons in paying for foreign journals was briefly mentioned-though these are no longer sent to many Nigeria libraries. The compulsion for all serials editors to write to NLN for an ISSN to enhance the compilation of National Bibliographic Control, like the British Union Catalogue of Periodicals, and collective aim at ensuring a knowledge output consortia among all libraries to ‘save the bucks’ was also mentioned, this, so many of the knowledge industries do not comply with this statute, unfortunately. The paper discussed the management of serials which include: acquisitions, classification, storage and preservation. The study recommends the need for acquisitions policy reviews, staff skills, suggesting the employment of only possessors of library and information science qualifications in the libraries, preservation and conservation of serials via binding and pre-purchase quality assurance.

Risk Management and Value of Listed Commercial Banks in Nigeria

This study was carried out to examine the relationship between risk management and value of listed commercial banks in Nigeria. The study, anchored on the risk management theory, adopted the ex post facto research design. The population consists of all listed commercial banks in Nigeria. Data for the study were collected from secondary sources through content analysis of corporate financial statements of the sampled commercial banks for the period 2017 to 2022. The data collected were analysed using the descriptive and inferential statistics while the hypotheses formulated for the study were tested using the panel regression analytical method. Findings of the study showed that operational risks and liquidity risks management have a significant positive relationship with market value of listed commercial banks in Nigeria. The study also found that market value has a negative and significant relationship with credit risks. The study therefore concludes that risk management practices influence the market value of listed commercial banks in Nigeria and recommends amongst others that automated credit tracking mechanism should be put in place by the management of commercial banks so as to reduce the possibility of default and outstanding loans beyond the substandard loan level of between 90 to 180 days.

Early Warning of Credit Risk of Internet Financial Enterprises Based on CNN-LSTM Model

The importance of enterprise credit risk management is increasingly prominent. Under the background of financial technology and big data, this paper studies a model combining Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) by comprehensively analyzing multi-dimensional data such as corporate financial statements, credit scores and transaction records, so as to capture and learn the complex characteristics of credit risk of Internet financial enterprises. Firstly, this paper collects the relevant data of Internet finance enterprises from multiple data sources, and carries out standardization processing and missing value filling. Then, CNN-LSTM model is constructed based on these data, and model training and hyperparametric optimization are carried out by adjusting convolution layer and LSTM layer. In addition, this study also designed a comparative experiment to evaluate the performance of CNN-LSTM model and CNN and LSTM models alone in prediction time, prediction accuracy and interpretability. The results show that CNN-LSTM model has significant advantages in predicting the credit risk of Internet finance enterprises. The model also shows a faster response speed, and the maximum warning time is only 701ms, which is much lower than the LSTM and CNN models. The highest accuracy of the model is 94.1%, which is significantly higher than that of LSTM and CNN models. In addition, the model also has high confidence in interpretability, which provides a solid basis for financial decision-making.

Moderasi Komite Audit Sebagai Peredam Kecurangan Pelaporan Keuangan

Financial statement manipulation is a form of fraud that can lead to losses in a company's performance. This study aims to assess the influence of factors in detecting fraudulent corporate financial statements. The research focuses on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017 to 2021. The dependent variable used in this study is fraudulent financial reporting. The independent variables include pressure (comprising financial targets, financial stability, and external pressure), opportunity (comprising ineffective supervision and industry nature), rationalization (comprising auditor turnover and rationalization), competence (measured by director turnover), and arrogance (measured by the frequency of CEO photo appearances). Additionally, the Audit Committee is used as a moderating variable. The test results indicate that financial targets have a significant negative impact on fraudulent financial reporting, while financial stability has a significant positive influence. However, external pressure, ineffective supervision, industry nature, auditor turnover, rationalization, director turnover, and the frequency of CEO photo appearances do not significantly affect fraudulent financial reporting. The implications of this research highlight the importance for companies to carefully monitor and manage their financial targets to avoid fraudulent practices in financial reporting. Furthermore, the role of the Audit Committee in overseeing financial statements needs to be strengthened to mitigate the risk of fraud. The research methodology employed in this study involves panel data regression analysis to examine the influence of the mentioned variables on fraudulent financial reporting.

Modern Slavery in Liner Shipping: An Empirical Analysis of Corporate Statements

Forced labour is a widespread risk for workers in the shipping industry. Traditional approaches to tackling the problem rely on the rules of flag state and port state jurisdiction, leaving a significant margin of political discretion in dealing with violations of labour rights. This article examines whether private enforcement mechanisms in the form of tort actions can play a role in securing the labour rights of workers and providing them with access to remedies. Following recent case law, it examines the possibility of enforcing the duty of care as stated in the company materials, in particular the growing number of corporate annual reports. The article relies on empirical material, consisting of the statements published by shipping companies under the UK Modern Slavery Act [MSA]. In addition to the descriptive observations on compliance, the study carries out a content analysis of the statements, seeking to identify the patterns of reporting and industry best practices. The final part of the article examines whether corporate undertakings as laid down in modern slavery statements can serve as grounds for tort liability. Based on the empirical data, the study concludes that the statements provide insufficient grounds for holding companies liable for labour rights violations. Modern Slavery, Forced Labour, Liner Shipping, Annual Reports, Published Materials, Private Enforcement, Supply Chain Liability

Do Sales Growth, Company Risk, Return on Assets, and Liquidity effect on Tax Avoidance?

This study aims to analyze the effect of sales growth, corporate risk, return on assets and current ratio to tax avoidance. The population in this study is a manufacturing company of pharmaceutical subsectors and health registered in BEI in 2018-2021. The research method used in this research is quantitative method. The sample used in this study were 10 companies, selected based on purposive sampling method. This study uses secondary data obtained through corporate financial statements. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis consisting of descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, and hypothesis test. The results of multiple linear analysis showed sales growth variables and ROA had negative effects of tax avoidance. While the risk variable of the company and the current rates have no effect on tax avoidance.

Challenges and Opportunities Presented by Modern Financial Instruments to Accounting Standards and Statements

This paper aims to explore the challenges and opportunities that modern financial instruments present to accounting standards and statements. This paper first introduces the purpose and significance of the research, then sorts out and evaluates the influence of modern financial instruments on accounting standards and statement presentation, and introduces the research methods, results, discussions and conclusions. It is found that the influence of modern financial instruments on the presentation of accounting standards and statements is mainly reflected in the following aspects: It is difficult for accounting standards to accurately describe and standardize the characteristics and transactions of modern financial instruments; The innovation of modern financial instruments brings more risks and uncertainties to the presentation of corporate statements; Modern financial instruments provide enterprises with more financial management opportunities, such as optimizing the structure of assets and liabilities. In response to the challenge, we should improve the recognition and measurement criteria of financial instruments, strengthen the fair value measurement, and improve the presentation and disclosure of financial statements. In terms of taking advantage of opportunities, we should improve the international coordination of accounting standards and financial statements, strengthen the audit of financial statements, and bring more financing channels and investment opportunities to enterprises by using the innovation and development of modern financial tools.

Analisis Faktor Ukuran Perusahaan, Struktur Kepemilikan, Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Ketepatan Waktu Pelaporan Keuangan

Those studies goals are designed to observe the factor evaluation of company size, ownership structure, and profitability on the time of financial reporting. Thisstudies is absolutely primarily based on financial statements of banking corporations listed to Indonesia stock exchange. A focused sampling method became used within the sampling of this examine. The records evaluation technique used on this examine is logistic regression evaluation. The statistics used on this examine had been received from secondary statistics in the form of annual accounts of organizations listed in Indonesia stock trading (IDX 2018-2020). The consequences of this examine imply that ownership structure has a positive and insignificant effect on financial reporting timeliness, even if company size and profitability have a positive and significant effect on financial reporting timeliness.
 Keywords: Size1; Ownership 2; Profitability3 ; On Timeliness 4

PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN TOTAL ASSETS TURNOVER NET PROFIT MARGIN DAN RETURN ON ASSETS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Developments in the world in the economic field in the Indonesian and international regions have greatly encouraged a lot of competition for business people who are passionate about competing. This study aims to measure the profit growth of manufacturing companies that will be sampled. The variables used are the dependent and independent variables, while the dependent variable is profit growth. The independent variables include the financial ratios of trun on assets, Net Provit Margin and Return on Assets. This study uses panel data regression model testing with several tests. The results of the analysis show that partially the financial ratios of total assets turnover and return on assets have an effect on profit growth while the financial ratios of net profit margin have no effect on profit growth in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange. Then the data used in this study as many as 20 companies have fulfilled the classic assumptions which include normally distributed data, no multicollinearity symptoms occur, there are problems with heteroscedasticity symptoms. The results of this study can provide information for the public or investors by choosing high quality companies by looking at profit growth and corporate financial statements

Analysis of Corporate Financial Statements Based on Strategic Perspective - Taking BYD Company Limited as an Example

As global oil prices continue to rise, new energy vehicles are gradually becoming a popular choice for many consumers. At present, both traditional and emerging car companies are focusing on the new energy vehicle market. In this situation, new energy vehicle enterprises must improve their own competitiveness. Financial statements can give a clear idea of the solvency, development potential and operational capacity of an enterprise. This paper analyzes the financial reports of BYD, one of the most representative new energy vehicle companies in China. By analyzing the company's financial reports in recent years, this paper studies how to give full play to the influence of financial statement analysis on business decisions. The aim of this paper is to propose effective measures as well as reasonable suggestions, so as to facilitate better business decisions by business operators.