Corporate Social Responsibility Research Articles

Does voluntary adoption of clawback provisions improve corporate social responsibility: Evidence from China

Does voluntary adoption of clawback provisions improve corporate social responsibility: Evidence from China

Corporate Social Responsibility Performance of Oil Multinationals in the Niger Delta: From the Eyes of Host Communities

This paper examined CSR performance of oil companies from the perspective of host communities in the Niger Delta. A questionnaire instrument was employed to elicit the perceptions of host communities using 355 participants selected by random sampling from 48 communities across three states. The data were analyzed with descriptive method, Kendall’s W test and Mean Rank Statistics. The results showed a weighted mean score less than 3.0 performance score criterion for all specified CSR dimensions indicating a perception of poor performance in each dimension. The mean of the mean scores was also less than 3.0, indicating a perception of poor overall performance. The Kendall’s W was 0.831; X2 was 507.037 at p=.000, indicating a high level of concordance between the respondents from the communities in their perception about CSR performance by oil companies. The results indicated high level of dissatisfaction by host communities about the CSR performance of oil companies.

The impact of corporate social responsibility on employee outcomes in the hospitality industry: A multi-motive and cross-cultural meta-analysis

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the hospitality industry has received increased attention from both practitioners and researchers in the past two decades, due in part to growing concerns regarding hospitality operations' impact on the environmental, social, and economic well-being of their communities. While research has enhanced our understanding of CSR's influence on hospitality employees, an integrated literature synthesis is still needed. Leveraging the multi-motive CSR framework, we aim to (1) synthesize CSR's impact on hospitality employee outcomes (i.e., performance, job satisfaction, and organizational identification); (2) investigate how the instrumental, relational, and moral motives of employees mediate the CSR–employee performance relationship; and (3) test how country-level factors moderate the relationship between CSR employee outcomes. Meta-analytic results using 87 studies, 33,567 individuals, and 160 effect sizes show a positive relationship between CSR and employee outcomes. Further exploring the multi-motive framework, meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) results show that instrumental, relational, and moral motives fully mediated the CSR–employee performance relationship. Additionally, results of subgroup tests indicate that the CSR–employee outcome relationship was stronger for employees working in highly developed countries and horizontal-individualistic cultures. Our findings highlight how CSR enhances employee performance through underlying psychological mechanisms, with implications for theory and practice.

The influence of stakeholder theory and Islamic faith on employee perception of CSR

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influences of employee perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the Readymade Garment Industry (RMG). The RMG industry in Bangladesh has faced constant criticism of their working practices, and following some fatal incidents, the industry was faced with external pressures of implementing CSR practices and policies. Manufacturers invested and initiated CSR in their business and marketing strategy to survive in the global competition. Employees are internal stakeholders that help to implement and disseminate strategies successfully; however, there is not enough knowledge in the area of employee perception of CSR. Design/methodology/approach The paper is an exploratory study using the quantitative data collection method. In total, 128 responses have been collected from participants who are employees of garment factories in Bangladesh to understand their perception of CSR. Regression analysis has been conducted to ascertain the relationships between the factors that influence employee perception. Theories of stakeholder management, organizational citizenship behaviour, social exchange theory and employee engagement have been used to analyse the factors that influence employee perception. Findings The findings show that the factors that influence perception of CSR are not confined to the stakeholder’s initiatives but are significantly dependent on the employees’ direct involvement, engagement and personal values as a beneficiary and an executioner. In addition to the stakeholder’s initiatives that are a key deliverable to the marketing strategy, the employees are influenced by their personal beliefs and practices that can be associated with influences of religion, culture and the wider social landscape. Research limitations/implications The data is limited to a small number of factories located near the capital, Dhaka, this is a small sample compared to the 4,000 factories in Bangladesh. Further research can be conducted based on a larger data set, which could represent a wider range of employee perspectives from different factories relating to size, product category and geographical location. The study does not expand on the factors that influence employee perception specifically. Practical implications The findings of the study can help the employers understand that the organization’s priority and participation are not the only factors that influence the employee’s perceptions. The employees’ assessment of the stakeholder’s intentions of CSR, which are reflected in the organization’s priority, shapes employee perceptions that are influenced by their personal values and beliefs. The awareness of the factors that influence the employees will enable organizations to motivate them and deliver on expectations of the business partners. Social implications It is the practices aimed at the employees that enhance their engagement in CSR that enable them to reciprocate and influence their perception of the organization’s fair and genuine motives. The effectiveness of this aids the macro-marketing aspects of managing social concerns and the impact of businesses. Originality/value The data collected is primary data from employees of garment manufacturers. The hypothesized framework is developed by the authors, and the outcomes of the factors that influence the employee perception of CSR are escalated from the analysis conducted by the authors.

The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Tax Avoidance in the Listed Companies on the Iraqi Stock Exchange

This study explores the impact of corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance in the Iraqi listed companies on the Iraqi stock exchange. The sample of companies include companies which are listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange, numbering (33). Data was taken for the years from 2016 to 2021, and the data was analyzed using multiple regression and panel data analysis.The results indicated (corporate social responsibility) that there is a negative relationship between corporate social responsibility and tax avoidness and Iraqi companies suffer from slight levels of tax avoidance through adopting social responsibility practices. We note from the study that there is a weakness in the application of social responsibility accounting. Commitment to corporate social responsibility leads to reduced tax avoidance. Among the conclusions is the clear weakness in the internal control systems of companies in terms of the extent of commitment to social responsibility and attempts to benefit from tax savings to achieve personal gains. The research came out with a set of recommendations, the most prominent of which is the need to strengthen the supervisory role to reduce tax evasion operations, as using social work as a means of tax evasion harms government revenues in the state’s general budget.

Closed-loop supply chain decision making and coordination considering channel power structure and information symmetry

China is currently undergoing a phase of high-quality development, with increasing emphasis on the circular economy, energy conservation, and environmental protection by both the government and enterprises. This paper examines a secondary supply chain comprising manufacturers and retailers, focusing on three supply chain decision-making models: one where the manufacturer is the channel leader, one where the retailer is the channel leader, and one where both parties have equal power. The study investigates the impact of manufacturers misrepresenting their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) information and the challenges associated with recycling efforts on the optimal performance of the supply chain. The findings reveal that when manufacturers lead the supply chain, they do not misrepresent their private information. However, when retailers dominate, manufacturers tend to underreport their CSR levels and the difficulty of recycling efforts. In scenarios where manufacturers and retailers have equal power, manufacturers do not misreport the difficulty of recycling but do underreport their CSR levels. This misreporting benefits the manufacturers at the expense of retailers and overall supply chain profitability, while also discouraging the recycling of used products. Across all three power structures, the study shows that retailers’ marketing efforts decrease as the misrepresentation of recycling difficulty increases, and increase as the misrepresentation of CSR levels increases. To mitigate the effects of manufacturers’ misreporting under information asymmetry, the paper proposes revenue-sharing contracts and two-part pricing contracts to coordinate the closed-loop supply chain under different power structures. Both contracts are shown to achieve Pareto improvements within the supply chain. This research provides valuable insights for enterprises operating within closed-loop supply chains, highlighting the importance of enhancing communication and cooperation to bridge information gaps and ensuring the coordina.

The Influence of Environmental Sustainability Initiatives on Employee Morale: The Mediating Role of Organizational Identification

This study investigates the impact of environmental sustainability initiatives on employee morale, with a specific focus on the mediating role of organizational identification. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research encompasses quantitative data from 500 employees across various industries in Germany and qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that environmental sustainability initiatives positively influence employee morale both directly and indirectly through enhanced organizational identification. Employees who perceive a strong alignment between their values and their organization's sustainability efforts report higher job satisfaction and commitment. The study also highlights the critical role of leadership and communication in successfully implementing sustainability initiatives. These insights extend social identity theory and contribute to the literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR) by elucidating the internal benefits of sustainability practices. Practical implications for organizational leaders and policymakers include integrating sustainability into core business strategies, fostering organizational identification, and promoting transparent communication to enhance employee morale and organizational effectiveness.

Costos en la gestión ambiental: camino necesario a la sostenibilidad

Around the world, the importance of preserving the natural environment has been recognized, which has led to an increase in the expectations of various stakeholders involved. This process has driven the orientation that prioritizes sustainability. In this situation, the objective of this article is to promote environmental accounting as a necessary tool for environmental management, both in the business environment and on a global scale. The study consists of an exhaustive systematic review with a qualitative approach at a descriptive level through the review of scientific articles, consulted in databases such as: Scopus, Google academic, Scielo, Mendeley, among others. It is concluded that environmental management together with environmental accounting as a necessary tool to achieve sustainable development benefit society, the environment and the company in terms of promoting sustainability, corporate social responsibility, decision making, efficiency and competitive advantage.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

The traditional image of entrepreneurship revolves around innovation, disruption and value creation. However, today’s business environment recognizes the growing importance of social responsibility. This article examines the interplay between entrepreneurship and social responsibility. We delve into the concept of social entrepreneurship, explore the benefits of incorporating social responsibility into any entrepreneurial strategy, and explore ways entrepreneurs can make a positive impact. Keywords:Social Responsibility, Social Entrepreneurship, Sustainable business, Ethical business, Corporate social responsibility (CSR), Social impact, Cause marketing.

CEO self-transcendent values influence top managers’ socially responsible behaviors: from a social learning perspective

Purpose This study aims to explore the impact of chief executive officers’ (CEOs) values on the socially responsible behaviors (SRBs) of top management teams. Drawing from the social learning framework, it examines the mechanisms through which CEOs’ values shape SRBs within organizational leadership. Design/methodology/approach Using the hierarchical regression model, this study assesses direct effects, while the Monte Carlo method is used to evaluate indirect effects. The analysis is based on time-lagged data collected from 122 CEOs and 287 corresponding top managers from small- and medium-sized enterprises in China. Findings The results indicate a positive correlation between CEOs’ self-transcendent values and their own SRBs (i.e. doing-good and avoiding harm behavior). This, in turn, promotes top managers’ SRBs. Originality/value By highlighting the micro-foundations of corporate social responsibility, this study enriches the understanding of SRBs enhancement in management teams. It reveals the significance of CEO self-transcendent values as a precursor to SRBs and elucidates the learning processes involved.

Corporate Social Responsibility Performance of Oil Multinationals in the Niger Delta: A Revisit from the Eyes of Host Communities

Corporate Social Responsibility Performance of Oil Multinationals in the Niger Delta: A Revisit from the Eyes of Host Communities

The phenomenon of China’s carbon accounting policies and practices

Purpose This study aims to explore China’s carbon accounting policies and practices to enhance its carbon accounting and trading practices and achieve carbon neutrality. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a phenomenological methodology to explore carbon accounting by setting the scope of the phenomenon, establishing research methods, conducting interviews with 30 participants from 14 emitting entities and four accounting firms and establishing methods for data analysis. Five themes were identified using a five-step coding method. Findings The results show no uniformity in the accounting treatment of carbon trading; however, common characteristics exist, and they have generally adopted simplified and conservative accounting methods under China’s emission trading scheme. Their common characteristics are that the granted allowances are not recognised as assets by most emitting entities, emissions allowance assets are measured using the historical cost method, most emitting entities only conduct accounting when there are actual cash flows or outflows with regard to carbon emissions allowance trading, and only a few emitting entities disclose carbon trading information in their financial statements or corporate social responsibility reports. Originality/value This study highlights accountants’ crucial role in carbon activities by guiding emitting entities’ low-carbon initiatives and culture and transforming managers’ mindsets. It also introduces the China Accounting Standards Committee-based accounting methods for allowances and obligations, aiding carbon disclosure quality and sustainability. These findings also inform the carbon accounting standards that may enhance corporate accountability and address climate change.

Internal CSR and the decline of organised labour: a possible elective affinity?

Purpose This paper aims to explore the potential relationship between internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the decline of organised labour in countries of the global North. Given the opposing trends since the late 20th century and the widespread adherence of internationally recognised labour standards in CSR codes, standards, and reporting frameworks, questions arise about the disparity between CSR rhetoric and practice regarding the collective rights of in-house employees. The paper further explores the tendency in CSR scholarship to overlook violations of collective rights for in-house employees in the global North. Design/methodology/approach To examine whether there is an elective affinity between the rise of CSR and the decline of organised labour, the paper uses a discursive institutionalism approach, providing a meta-theoretical analysis of academic literature on internal CSR. A scoping review methodology was used to identify relevant literature and compile it into an empirical corpus for a metatheoretical analysis. The empirical corpus, consisting of 38 articles, was generated through a Google Scholar (GS) search guided by the following questions: (1) What are the dominant conceptual framings of internal CSR? (2) What are the dominant roles and practical aspects of internal CSR? Findings The paper identifies two key disparities in the literature: (1) between rhetoric and practice regarding the collective rights of in-house employees in the global North and (2) between the extensive CSR research on violations of collective rights of value chain workers and the limited attention to in-house employees’ collective rights. The analysis highlights two factors contributing to these disparities: the integration of internal CSR into the corporate managerial toolbox and the distinction in CSR discourse between core labour standards and workplace issues. The analysis shows that internal CSR has an elective affinity with the decline of organised labour. Research limitations/implications While scoping reviews are often standalone studies, this paper used the methodology for its stated purpose. Limitations include the broad span of internal CSR across various academic fields and reliance solely on GS. Measures taken to enhance inclusivity were unlimited review period, refined inclusion criteria and keywords during the selection process and cross-checks of cited articles. Social implications Considering the implications of the decline of organised labour on workers’ collective voice, poverty and the distribution gap in wealth and income, this paper suggests that for CSR to play a significant role in advancing sustainable social justice, scholars and practitioners should look at ways to reduce the disparity between rhetoric and practice regarding employees’ voice and collective rights. Originality/value The paper lays the foundation for a better understanding of the potential links between internal CSR and the decline of organised labour. It addresses a gap in the literature on the interrelations between CSR and organised labour in the global North and proposes root causes of this gap. This contribution enriches the scarce literature exploring the potential elective affinity between CSR and transformations in the global economy and labour markets since the late 1980s. Finally, the paper deepens the understanding of the implications of CSR for employees’ collective rights and voice as well as for organised labour.

Corporate social responsibility on social media: a scoping review of the literature

Purpose The purpose of this study is to generate a better understanding of the nature of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) communication on social media. In fact social media are one of the most effective communication channels in contemporary business settings. Due to their inner characteristics, they should be the ideal channel for communicating CSR topics. Over the last 15 years, a variety of researches discussed the interplay between CSR and social media, resulting in a rather tangled body of knowledge. Design/methodology/approach This study proposes a scoping review of published academic literature at the intersection of these two research bodies (i.e. CSR and social media communication) to shed light on the nature of the communication, strategic challenges and practices, as well as their key factors and impact. Findings To date, academic research related to the nature of CSR on social media is fragmented and blurry. This research sheds light on the challenges of interactive social media communication in CSR and presents an account of key strategies, tactics and possible impacts for these challenging communication practices. Originality/value This research generates a better understanding of the nature of CSR communication on social media, strategic challenges and practices, as well as their key factors and impact. It is the tentative of generating a synthetic account of relevant literature in the field.

The strategic planning of corporate social responsibility: An endogenous perspective

Abstract This study addresses endogenous factors related to the strategic planning of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Our findings help explain the paradox: If better CSR always leads to better firm performance, why do so many companies either choose not to engage in CSR or act irresponsibly? Managers may make decisions regarding CSR based on the environment. Some companies may be better served through a proactive CSR strategy; however, others may be unable to achieve better performance through this strategy for a variety of endogenous causes. Our sample included 594 U.S. publicly traded companies with 2,019 firm-year observations. We empirically simulated scenarios where companies selected inappropriate CSR strategies and found that the companies were unable to achieve better firm performance if they did not select appropriate CSR strategies based on their internal and external environment. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.

Strategi Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dalam Membangun Citra Perusahaan Pada PT. Crown Worldwide Indonesia

This research is titled “Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Strategies in Building Company Image at PT. Crown Worldwide Indonesia” (Qualitative Study of Public Relations in carrying out CSR in a company). Image and reputation play a crucial role in communication for organizations, companies, and government institutions. PT. Crown Worldwide has implemented a Corporate Social Responsibility program aimed at enhancing its corporate image. The purpose of this thesis is to understand how PT. Crown Worldwide Indonesia improves its image through the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs. Another objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of CSR programs in enhancing the company’s reputation. The author employed a qualitative descriptive and using RACE (Research, Action, Communication, & Evaluation) research approach, emphasizing in-depth investigation and utilizing image theory to gain insights into the effectiveness of CSR practices in terms of perception, cognition, motivation, and branding image related to PT. Crown Worldwide Indonesia. In addition, this study also uses Triple Bottom Line analysis to analyze PT. Crown Worldwide. The research findings indicate that the CSR program successfully builds a positive company image and serves as a communication function, making the company well-known among relevant communities and adding value to the organization itself.

Corporate social responsibility and external disruptions

We propose that corporate social responsibility (CSR) investment serves as an intangible investment in stakeholder relationships to guard against external disruptions to firms' operations and tangible assets. Using a difference-in-differences setting and a database of factory locations, we show that manufacturing firms with higher CSR ratings are much less affected by major natural disasters in terms of operating performance. We then propose two mechanisms through which CSR engagement shields manufacturing firms against external disruptions: employee motivation and customer loyalty. Empirical evidence suggests that CSR helps manufacturing firms survive major natural disasters by motivating employees, which leads to higher post-disaster productivity, and keeping customers, which leads to more stable post-disaster sales.

Integrating corporate social responsibility with financial outcomes: stock performance of firms hiring US veterans during COVID-19

PurposeWe propose an alternative rationale for why some firms employ veterans, driven not solely by benevolence but also by the prospect of enhanced outcomes. Financially, hiring veterans could correlate with improved stock market performance for the hiring company while aligning with corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. Our study centers on the stock market performance of companies hiring veterans. It aims to underscore a lesser-known facet of the veteran employment discourse and its connection to the hiring firm's financial performance.Design/methodology/approachThis paper evaluates the stock market performance of three VETS portfolios (made of companies that hire veterans) compared to the benchmark SPDR S&P 500 ETF. Using a modular approach, we create three VETS passive indices: VETSEW (equal-weighted index), VETSPW (price-weighted index) and VETSVW (value-weighted index). The study analyzes the annual returns, portfolio allocations, risk-adjusted performance metrics and style analysis of the portfolios from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022.FindingsThe findings indicate that all three VETS portfolios outperformed the benchmark, with higher ending balances and superior risk-adjusted ratios such as the Sharpe and Sortino ratios. Notably, the portfolios demonstrated resilience during challenging periods, including the COVID-19 pandemic, subsequent recovery and an inflationary period.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations include the paper's focus solely on stock returns, suggesting a need for broader financial and management ratios. Moreover, a deeper exploration into how veterans contribute during turbulent times is suggested for further investigation. Although the study touches upon the financial performance of veteran-focused companies during challenging economic times, it does not extensively delve into the specific ways in which veterans add value under such circumstances, presenting an opportunity for further exploration.Practical implicationsFirms that employ veterans amid the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrate favorable risk-adjusted returns, underscoring the potential of veterans as valuable crisis-time assets. Our research further underscores the correlation between veteran hiring and enhanced financial prowess. These insights carry significant policy implications, including CSR initiatives for hiring veterans, skill translation and training and collaboration with veteran organizations.Social implicationsThe paper's findings suggest significant implications: (1) Policymakers could incentivize firms to hire veterans through tax benefits or grants, leveraging their skills for organizational resilience. (2) Collaborative efforts between policymakers and firms can promote responsible hiring, boosting a company's reputation through diversity and inclusion, positively impacting society. (3) Support for skill translation from military to civilian jobs is crucial. Programs certifying skills and tailored education aid veterans' successful transition into the workforce. (4) Collaborations between policymakers, veteran organizations and private sector entities can create networks, job placements and support systems for veterans' employment.Originality/valueNumerous prior studies within the domain of corporate social responsibility have predominantly neglected the contributions veterans offer to businesses and the underlying reasons behind firms' decisions to employ them. Our research uniquely concentrates on the stock market performance of companies that choose to hire veterans.

EFFECTIVENESS OF CSR COMPANION COMMUNICATION RELATIONSHIP TOWARDS PROGRAM SUCCESS RATE (CASE STUDY ON CSR PROGRAM TO REDUCE STUNTING PT PLN INDONESIA POWER UBP JERANJANG WEST LOMBOK)

Stunting represents a developmental impairment in children resulting from malnutrition, recurrent infections, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. Addressing this issue requires comprehensive strategies and concerted efforts. As part of the initiative to reduce stunting prevalence, PT PLN Indonesia Power UBP Jeranjang has implemented a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program aimed at alleviating stunting through training and supplementary feeding (PMT), in collaboration with CSR facilitators from the company. Effective communication by these facilitators plays a crucial role in the program's success. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the existence of a positive and significant relationship between the effectiveness of CSR facilitator communication at PT PLN Indonesia Power UBP Jeranjang in West Lombok and the success of the CSR program in reducing stunting. The research adopts a quantitative approach. Data were gathered through questionnaire and document analysis. Data analysis employed Spearman Rank correlation and descriptive statistics. The findings indicate a significant positive correlation between CSR facilitator communication effectiveness and program success, with a significance level of 0.002 and a correlation coefficient of 0.383. Therefore, the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted.

Leadership behavior, thrive factors and corporate social responsibility orientation in real estate industry: Basis to people management framework

Leadership behavior, thrive factors and corporate social responsibility orientation in real estate industry: Basis to people management framework