Corporate Practices Research Articles

UK practitioners' motivations and experiences of farm animal internship programmes

Background: Recruitment and retention of practicing farm animal veterinary surgeons is of growing importance in the UK. Farm animal internships are one route for early career veterinarians to pursue, and can be offered by both universities and corporate practices. Aims: This survey established the motivations, experiences and drivers for farm animal veterinary surgeons undertaking internships. Methods: An online questionnaire consisting of 14 questions of both free text and multiple-choice questions was used to evaluate the opinions of veterinarians who have undertaken farm animal internships in the UK. Findings: The main motivation for carrying out an internship was the desire for support, which was stated by 63.3% of participants. Interns who received weekly or fortnightly contact with a mentor were significantly more likely to regard this as sufficient (P<0.05) compared to interns whose support was less frequent. Conclusions: The results of this questionnaire suggest that internship programmes are well received by those undertaking them.

Challenges of the integrative product and production system development

AbstractShorter product lifecycles and a shift from mechatronic to cyber-physical systems are leading to greater product complexity. This complexity can be addressed by more intensive cooperation between product and production system development. Despite intensive development in recent years, these process models have not been able to establish themselves in corporate practice. Therefore, this paper analyses the existing integrative product and production methods to identify the reasons for their lack of use in practice. The analysis has shown that there are nine barriers.

The influence of corporate social responsibility, investment opportunities, and profitability on tax avoidance

The analysis conducted on the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Investment Opportunity, Profitability, and Tax Avoidance in Energy Sector Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2017 and 2021 has yielded significant insights. While the influence of CSR on Tax Avoidance was found to be insignificant, both Investment Opportunity and Profitability demonstrated notable effects, with the latter displaying a negative influence. Furthermore, the combined impact of CSR, Investment Opportunity, and Profitability on Tax Avoidance was found to be substantial, explaining 63% of the observed variance. These findings underscore the intricate relationship between corporate practices, financial performance, and tax management strategies, offering valuable implications for various stakeholders. In light of these conclusions, several recommendations can be drawn. Firstly, collaboration between tax authorities and relevant stakeholders is essential to refine tax policies, integrating sustainability considerations and ensuring transparency in corporate tax practices. Secondly, investors should adopt a comprehensive approach when assessing investment opportunities, taking into account factors beyond financial performance, including corporate social responsibility and tax management strategies. Additionally, companies are encouraged to enhance their disclosure practices concerning CSR activities, thereby promoting greater transparency and accountability. Finally, future research efforts should focus on expanding the scope of analysis across different sectors and incorporating additional variables to deepen our understanding of tax avoidance dynamics in the Indonesian context. By implementing these recommendations, policymakers, tax authorities, investors, and corporate entities can collectively contribute to fostering a more responsible and sustainable business environment.

Pengaruh ESG terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan: Moderasi Board Gender Diversity

Company performance is a metric in assessing the level of success of a company in a certain period. to maintain good company performance, companies need to manage core business, namely building good relationships with stakeholders. For investors as stakeholders, the availability of information presented by the company is very important to decide on the right capital allocation and avoid the risks that occur. With the encouragement from the government and investors as stakeholders, more and more companies want to provide a clear picture of corporate practices and responsibilities, one of which is by disclosing environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) aspects. The purpose of this study to provide empirical evidence regarding the influence of ESG on company performance, provide empirical evidence regarding the role of board gender diversity on the influence of ESG on the performance of companies listed on the Stock Exchange in Indonesia and Germany in 2018-2022. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling. Data was taken from Thomsonreuters and this study used panel data regression analysis with STATA 17. The results of this study found that ESG has no effect on company performance in Indonesia. The results of further research found that ESG has a negative effect on company performance in Germany. This study found that board gender diversity plays a role in encouraging ESG activities to improve firm performance in Germany.

The Impact Of The Diversity Of The Board Of Directors In The Adoption Of Risk Management And Control Practices

The objective of this study is to analyze the incidence of board diversity in the adoption of management practices and risk control of 236 Chilean public limited companies in the period 2015- 2019. For this, a descriptive-correlational study was carried out, considering the diversity of gender, nationality, and age of the board of directors, and the degree of adoption of risk management and control practices proposed by the local regulator. Through a regression analysis between the study variables, it was shown that diversity of gender and nationality has a positive and significant impact on the adoption of risk management and control practices, but not age diversity, which does not have a significant impact on the adoption of risk management and control practices. It was concluded that the boards do not present a tendency towards heterogeneity in their conformation, being composed chiefly of male directors of Chilean nationality and in an age range between 50 and 70 years, leaving evidence of stagnation in the diversity rates of this decision-making body, as well as the low adoption of corporate practices related to risk control and management in companies in the Chilean stock market.

A Comparative Study of Private Sector Banks Listed In BSE with Reference to Corporate Governance

A Comparative Study of Private Sector Banks Listed In BSE with Reference to Corporate Governance

Analyzing the Influence of Board Characteristics on Corporate Disclosure Practices: Insights from Listed Companies in Palestine

The objective of this research is to investigate how board characteristics impact the disclosure practices of corporations. The study applies it to listed companies in Palestine for the year 2023. The findings reveal a positive and significant correlation between corporate disclosure practices and specific board characteristics, such as board size, the presence of a governance committee, board insider representation, and the separation of CEO and Chairman of the Board (COB-duality). Furthermore, the study shows that the implementation of internal control governance mechanisms is associated with the highest level of corporate disclosure practices. In summary, the research highlights the influence of board composition and governance mechanisms on the transparency and extent of disclosures made by Palestinian listed companies.

Integrating Risk Management and Corporate Governance: Implications for Performance in China's Manufacturing Sector

This paper explores the integration of risk management and corporate governance and its implications for the performance of Chinese manufacturing firms. By developing a comprehensive model that combines these two crucial aspects, the study aims to analyze how enhanced governance structures and refined risk management strategies can improve organizational decision-making, financial stability, and operational efficiency. Utilizing a blend of theoretical frameworks, including Agency Theory and the Balanced Scorecard, the paper proposes a series of hypotheses that examine the effectiveness of integrated practices in enhancing firm performance. Through a systematic review of literature and model development, the research identifies practical steps for implementation and policy recommendations that could foster better integration. The study's significance lies in its potential to guide firms in strengthening their governance and risk management processes, thereby contributing to the robustness and competitiveness of China’s manufacturing sector. This paper not only aligns with academic and managerial interests but also offers insights for policymakers aiming to enhance corporate practices in a dynamic economic landscape.

Corporate social responsibility practices and value creation through open innovation approach: Evidence from the STOXX Europe 600 Index

AbstractIn the current business setting, companies must adopt new practices to remain competitive due to complex products, changing market demands, and stakeholder pressures. Many successful businesses are turning to sustainability‐oriented innovations as a means of both increasing their growth potential and engaging in corporate social responsibility practices. This approach benefits both the company and society. However, the full potential of implementing sustainability practices through open innovation has yet to be fully explored, and the impact on firm value is unclear. Additionally, there is currently a lack of international standards for representing sustainability as an open innovation approach. This study aims to shed light on the potential benefits of adopting sustainable practices through the open innovation approach. We highlight the value that sustainable innovation can create and analyze a sample of European‐listed companies from the STOXX Europe 600 Index from 2011 to 2020. Our findings show that the ESG score best represents sustainability as an open innovation approach. Moreover, we demonstrate that adopting sustainability as an open innovation approach practice positively impacts firm value. This suggests that companies can enhance their value and promote sustainable innovation success by embracing this approach. Overall, this paper contributes to the literature on sustainability and open innovation, specifically within the legitimacy theory framework. It emphasizes that stakeholder pressure to build a more sustainable and ethical economic system presents a challenge that can also be an opportunity for companies.

Characteristics of commercial determinants of health research on corporate activities: A scoping review.

Business practices have influenced human health for centuries, yet an overarching concept to study these activities across nations, time periods, and industries (called 'the commercial determinants of health' (CDH)) has emerged only recently. The purpose of this review was to assess the descriptive characteristics of CDH research and to identify remaining research gaps. We systematically searched four databases (Scopus, OVID Medline, Ovid Embase, and Ovid Global Health) on Sept 13, 2022 for literature using CDH terms that described corporate activities that have the potential to influence population health and/or health equity (n = 116). We evaluated the following characteristics of the literature: methods employed, industries studied, regions investigated, funders, reported conflicts of interest, and publication in open-access formats. The characteristics of the articles included that many were conceptual (50/116 articles; 43%) or used qualitative methods (37; 32%). Only eight articles (7%) used quantitative or mixed methods. The articles most often discussed corporate activities in relation to the food and beverage (51/116; 44%), tobacco (20; 17%), and alcohol industries (19; 16%), with limited research on activities occurring in other industries. Most articles (42/58 articles reporting a regional focus; 72%) focused on corporate activities occurring in high-income regions of the world. Our findings indicate that literature that has used CDH terms and described corporate practices that influence human health has primarily focused on three major industries in higher-income regions of the world. Qualitative methods were the most common empirical method for investigating these activities. CDH-focused investigations of corporate practices conducted by less-studied industries (e.g., social media) and in lower-income regions are recommended. Longitudinal quantitative studies assessing the associations between corporate practices and a range of health outcomes is also a necessary next step for this field.

Deconstructing Power Dynamics: The Role Of Language In Corporate Communica-tion Practices

The background of this research lies in a deep understanding of power dynamics and the role of language in the context of corporate communication practices. In a dynamic business environment, the use of language is not only a communication tool, but also an instrument of power that influences organizational culture, external communication strategies, and communicative interactions within the organization. The aim of this research is to deconstruct power dynamics and analyze the role of language in corporate communication practices. The research method used is descriptive qualitative analysis by collecting and reviewing various literature sources, including journals, articles and books that are relevant to this research topic. Data were collected through literature searches from academic databases and online libraries, as well as using relevant inclusion criteria to select the most relevant and quality sources. The research results show that language plays a crucial role in shaping organizational culture, external communication strategies, and power dynamics within organizations. Using appropriate language can strengthen a desired organizational culture, build sustainable relationships with external stakeholders, and influence public perception of a company's brand and reputation. However, it needs to be recognized that language can also be a tool of power used to maintain hierarchies, suppress free speech, or manipulate public opinion.

The role of options markets in corporate social responsibility

We explore the relationship between options trading and corporate social responsibility (CSR). We find that options trading can enhance CSR by (i) fostering shareholder activism, as indicated by increased long-term and socially responsible institutional ownership and CSR proposals and (ii) intensifying product market competition, which spurs green innovation and product-related CSR initiatives. The positive effects are more pronounced in well-governed firms but diminished in firms with managerial entrenchment. Moreover, CSR improvements driven by options trading positively influence firm value, with notable enhancements in environmental performance. Our results underscore that options markets play a crucial role in promoting responsible corporate practices.

Employee Grievance Redressal and Corporate Ethics: Lessons from the Boeing 737-MAX Crashes

Two Boeing 737-MAX passenger planes crashed in October 2018 and March 2019, suspending all 737-MAX aircraft. The crashes put Boeing’s corporate practices and culture under the spotlight. The main objective of this paper is to use the case of Boeing to highlight the importance of efficient employee grievance redressal mechanisms and an independent external regulator. The methodology adopted is a qualitative analysis of statements of various whistleblowers and Boeing and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) stakeholders. It suggests that employee feedback flowing up the chain of command should be more flexible and dealt with more seriousness. It recommends that companies adopt a cooling-off period or a lifetime restriction for employees who have gone through the revolving door between regulators and the industry. The Boeing 737-MAX case, which emphasizes the ethical obligations of the job, can offer value to engineers, engineering educators, managers, ombudsmen, and human resource professionals.

Does internal audit matter? Audit committee, its attributes, and corporate social responsibility reporting quality

This study explores the nexus between internal audit, audit committee attributes, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure quality in A-share listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2010 to 2019. Utilizing refined samples and robust datasets, this investigation reveals critical insights that a robust internal control system significantly correlates with higher-quality CSR disclosure, underscoring its pivotal role in safeguarding non-financial reporting integrity and enhancing transparency in CSR disclosures. Larger audit committees are positively associated with improved CSR disclosure quality. This highlights the strategic advantage of a diverse and expansive audit committee in navigating the complexities of CSR reporting. Contrary to expectations, the proportion of independent directors on the audit committee and the frequency of audit committee meetings do not show a significant positive relationship with CSR disclosure. Companies benefit from strategic investments in internal control systems, crucial for non-financial reporting integrity and fortified CSR disclosure practices. In conclusion, this study provides concise insights into critical factors influencing CSR disclosure quality in Chinese companies, offering actionable implications for corporate practices and regulatory frameworks. AcknowledgmentThis paper is co-funded by the European Union through the European Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) within the project “EU BEST PRACTICE OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT, SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING” – 101047667-ERASMUS-JMO-2021-MODULE https://jm.snau.edu.ua/en/eu-best-practice-of-life-cycle-assessment-social-envi­ron­mental-accounting-and-sustainability-reporting/ Oleh Pasko expresses sincere gratitude for the support from the Kirkland Research Program, generously provided by the Leaders of Change Foundation established by the Polish-American Freedom Foundation.

The Role of Tangguh Development Projects in Achieving Welfare for the Papuan Community

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine and analyze the role of the Tangguh Development Project in realizing the welfare of the Papuan people. Methods: Describe the methodology used in the study, such as data collection methods, analysis techniques, and any relevant frameworks or theories employed to assess the impact of the Tangguh Development Project on Papuan welfare. This could involve surveys, interviews, case studies, or statistical analysis. Results and Discussion: Present the findings of the study regarding the role of the Tangguh Development Project in promoting the welfare of the Papuan people. Discuss the positive impacts, if any, as well as any shortcomings or challenges faced by BP Tangguh in fulfilling its commitments. Analyze the discrepancies between BP's claims and the actual conditions on the ground, particularly in the economic sector. Implications of the Research: Discuss the implications of the findings for various stakeholders, including BP Tangguh, the Indonesian government, local communities in Papua, and environmental advocacy groups. Address the potential socio-economic, environmental, and political implications of the Tangguh Development Project on Papuan welfare and broader regional development. Originality/Value: Highlight the original contributions of the study to the existing literature on corporate social responsibility, sustainable development, and resource extraction projects in indigenous or marginalized communities. Emphasize the value of the research in informing future policy decisions, corporate practices, and community engagement strategies aimed at promoting inclusive development and equitable distribution of benefits from resource projects like the Tangguh Development Project.

Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) and Financial Performance: A Bibliometric Analysis using Biblioshiny

This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of the relationship between ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) factors and financial performance. The purpose is to gather bibliometric data on citations, scientific publications, authors, sources, affiliations, contributions from different nations, keywords, trending aspects, and potential future research fields. The study collects data from the Scopus research database covering the period from 2013 to 20th May 2023. Biblioshiny in R Studio is used for data evaluation. The analysis includes annual publication output, average citations, influential authors and institutions, commonly used keywords, and country-wise research output. The analysis reveals a consistent and growing interest in ESG and financial performance research, with a significant increase in scientific articles over time. Earlier publications have higher average citations, indicating their impact, while recent ones show lower citation rates. Key focal points include "financial performance" and "ESG." Noteworthy institutions such as the University of Zaragoza, Nord University, New York University, and the Journal of Sustainable Finance and Investment demonstrate high overall impact. The study emphasizes the ongoing research interest in the relationship between financial performance and ESG and the growing importance of sustainability and corporate social responsibility in corporate practices. The findings indicate a recent emphasis on ESG, financial performance, CSR, sustainability, and corporate governance within environmental studies.

Cross-cultural Strategic PR Practices of Multinational Corporations in the Context of Globalization and The Effectiveness Evaluation

In the process of globalization, the operations and management of multinational corporations (MNCs) are increasingly affected by different cultural environments. The purpose of this article is to explore the key strategies employed by MNCs in implementing cross-cultural strategic PR practices and to provide an in-depth assessment of the effectiveness of these practices. The article will analyze the challenges faced by MNCs in formulating and implementing cross-cultural PR policies, including language barriers, value differences, adaptation of legal systems, and localization implementation. Through case studies of a number of internationally renowned multinational corporations, it will show how they have successfully implemented cross-cultural PR activities by building a diverse and inclusive corporate culture, customizing communication content to match local culture, and building effective multilateral communication mechanisms.

Exploring Corporate Finance Dynamics: A Qualitative Study on Capital Structure, Firm Value, and Dividend Policies

This qualitative study delves into the intricate dynamics of capital structure, firm value, and dividend policies within the realm of corporate finance. The research aims to explore the factors influencing financial decision-making processes and their implications for firm performance and shareholder wealth maximization. Adopting a systematic literature review approach, the study synthesizes existing theoretical frameworks, empirical evidence, and alternative perspectives to provide a comprehensive analysis of the chosen topic. The research methodology involves data collection through academic databases and scholarly sources, followed by thematic analysis to identify recurring themes and patterns in the literature. The findings highlight the multifaceted nature of financial decision-making, challenging traditional theories such as the irrelevance theory and emphasizing the significance of alternative perspectives such as the pecking order theory, signaling hypothesis, and clientele effect. Moreover, empirical evidence suggests nonlinear relationships between capital structure, firm value, and dividend policies, indicating the influence of contextual factors such as industry dynamics, regulatory environments, and market conditions. The implications drawn from this study extend to both academia and practical applications, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of corporate finance dynamics to inform theory, practice, and policy in the field. By embracing interdisciplinary perspectives, methodological pluralism, and a forward-looking orientation, researchers and practitioners can contribute to the continued evolution of corporate finance theory and practice, ultimately driving innovation, efficiency, and sustainability in the corporate sector.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE CULTURE IN EU COUNTRIES

Corporate culture plays a pivotal role in shaping organizational behavior, decision-making processes, and overall success. This comparative analysis delves into the corporate cultures of several European Union (EU) countries, exploring their unique characteristics, similarities, and differences. Through an extensive literature review, this study examines existing research on corporate culture, its definitions, dimensions, and its significance in organizational performance. The purpose of this analysis is to provide insights into how corporate cultures vary across EU countries and to identify potential implications for multinational corporations operating within these diverse cultural contexts. The study outlines specific tasks including identifying key cultural dimensions, analyzing cultural practices, and evaluating their impact on organizational outcomes. Employing a comparative framework, the analysis scrutinizes corporate cultures in countries such as Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and the Netherlands. Through this comparative lens, conclusions are drawn regarding the influence of national culture on corporate practices, the role of leadership in shaping organizational culture, and the importance of cultural sensitivity in international business operations. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexities of corporate culture within the EU, offering valuable insights for organizations seeking to navigate the challenges of cross-cultural management.

Exploratory analysis of zero waste theory to examine consumer perceptions of sustainability: A covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM)

IntroductionThe analysis of corporate and consumer sustainability practices is currently the focus of several scientific disciplines due to their environmental impact and diversity. ObjectiveThis research aims to create a hierarchy of consumer perceptions of zero waste thinking that can guide government decisions regarding university communities' sustainability efforts. To achieve the objectives of this study, Hungarian university citizens (students, faculty, staff) as potential zero waste consumers in Győr were involved in a purposive sampling approach. MethodsThis study adopted the Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) methodology to prove the hypotheses related to the 7Rs regarding Zero Waste perceptions of university citizens. The rethink element of the hierarchy was defined as the default condition for the 7 R application and therefore remained at the top of the hierarchy as an endogenous variable. ResultsThe study concluded that it is possible to adapt a business 7 R framework for consumer use, but only 5Rs can be applied. The analysis was conducted at a 90% confidence level, under which condition the independent variables together explain 87% of the variance of the rethink factor. The results show that the four constructs, namely rot (β =0.12, ρ<0.1), reduce (β =0.21, ρ<0.1), recycle (β =0.26, ρ<0.05), and reuse (β =0.43, ρ<0.05) significantly affect rethinking. Based on these regression weights, a hierarchy of importance can be established. In line with the original 7 R business concept, rethink is at the top of the hierarchy, followed by the other elements. ConclusionsThe results suggest that the zero waste attitudes of university citizens are currently limited to the 5Rs, which should require government leadership to strengthen these factors or a more consistent presence and support for the 2Rs that are missing from the established model. Governments can use the results of this research in their sustainability-related decisions.