COVID-19 Corona Research Articles

Attitude and response of indian dentists about corona (Covid-19) infection

Background: The coronavirus epidemic, which started in China, has become a worldwide pandemic. Despite global efforts to contain the disease spread, the outbreak is still on the rise, owing to the community spread pattern of this infection. Many countries have gone for a shut down for control of spread. Dental professionals can be infected as well as dental clinics can be a potential source of spread of infection. Therefore, a dental surgeon should be adequatly prepared regarding the spread of the disease. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was sent to dental surgeons through their professional and social groups. The questions were related to the source of corona (Covid-19) infection, the precautions to be taken by dentists, the work schedule during the lock down period, and also the response and precautions to be taken after the lockdown period. The results were tabulated, and statical analysis was performed. Results: 1235 responses were received.Above 84% of the participants were not practicing during the lockdown period in India. The participants have knowledge of COVID 19 infection mostly through TV and internet sites and social media platforms. There will be a statistically significant increase in the use of personal protective equipments during the postlockdown practice. Most of the participants prefer N95 masks (62%), disposable gowns (54%). Conclusion: The dentists were aware of the problems of the spread of corona COVID 19 and are in the process of having more stringent infection control measures in their practice.

Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set and Its Application in Corona Covid-19

Intuitionistic Fuzzy set (IFS) theory plays an important role in real life and engineering problems. There are many model involving fuzzy matrices to deal with different complicated aspects. Intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) is useful in providing a flexible model for developing the uncertainty and vagueness involved in making decisions where the theories of uncertainty are very useful to treat with mathematics that needs to address. In other words, the application of intuitionistic fuzzy sets instead of fuzzy sets means the introduction of another degree of freedom into a set description. Intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) called the generalization of fuzzy sets was proposed in K. T. Atanassov. So, we can use it in decision making. We examined the definition of IFS and puts new definitions of IFS (Intuitionistic fuzzy set) in this paper and suggested its implementation in the Corona Covid-19. For several similar real-life cases the suggested approach can be applied.

Lockdown of colleges and universities due to COVID-19: Any impact on the educational system in India?

Pneumonia triggered by novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 is an extremely contagious disease. The WHO has stated the outbreak of COVID-19 (corona virus) as a pandemic issue. Corona virus cases started increasing day by day in India, also from the time the first case was diagnosed on January 30, 2020. In this regard, there are so many colleges and universities across India which cancelled or rescheduled their academic activities such as conferences, workshops, and other academic and sports activities. Because the universities and colleges should protect and take care of their students and faculty in this regard. In this brief communication, I would like to give an idea on the potential impact of the dangerous COVID-19 outbreak on the education system and mental health of students and staff.

The Emergence of Novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) a Triple Reassortant Corona Virus Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity in Human

Presently, the emergence of a novel human corona virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2, has lead to a global health concern. It causes severe respiratory tract infections in humans. WHO on March 11, 2020, declared COVID-19 (Corona Virus) as a pandemic. There have been more than 3,842,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases in the world. The reports have shown sharp increase in the number of infections reported in recent days from Italy, Iran, South Korea, Spain, Germany, United States, and other parts of the world, with the most dramatic increase recorded in China where more than 80,000 cases were reported in a very short duration. Since no potential medication nor vaccines are available in the market and the presence of corona virus in different form both in symptomatic and asymptomtic in human system makes the chances of cure less effective. This article enlightens about the Corona virus, its modes of infection, and prevention measures.

Let's build the psychological immunity to fight against COVID-19

Sir, Globally, COVID-19 has emerged as pandemic and it has impacted number of people and families worldwide. The term coronavirus has taken toll on physical and mental health of people all around. As we have already fought many viral infection, flu, or many other diseases in our life, then why corona has come as potent enemy to disturb our life and livelihood? The reason is that the COVID-19 is a physical disease with high spreading power due to which many restrictions in the form of social distancing and lockdown have been advised.[12] The fear of getting infection, quarantine, isolation, death, losing our loved ones, and lockdown restrictions are the major contributors for evolving psychological problems. So far, many guidelines have been issued to assure the physical hygiene and to build the physical immunity against this virus. Considering the current need and collateral damage caused by COVID-19, the role of building psychological immunity of people around is crucial. Psychological immunity is a term coined by Oláh in 2000.[3] Psychological immunity is defined as “a system of adaptive resources and positive personality characteristics that acts as psychological antibodies at the time of stress.” It includes various positive characteristics such as positive thinking, sense of coherence, sense of control, emotional regulation, goal orientation, positive self-efficacy, and problem-solving skills. As physical immunity protects individuals from different viral infections of the environment, similarly, psychological immunity also acts as a buffer against environmental stressors, day-to-day hassles, and negative emotions.[4] ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL IMMUNE SYSTEM DURING COVID-19 COVID-19 has brought a number of psychosocial concerns for patients with COVID-19, families, healthcare workers, and other corona warriors. Psychological immune system can help individuals in handling their fears, anxieties, and environmental hassles as described in Table 1.[567]Table 1: Role of different components of psychological immune system[5 6 7]Contrary to that, what we are seeing today is the adoption of maladaptive coping behaviors during COVID-19. As we witness, lots of psychological turmoil, boredom, and frustration are building up in people during COVID-19 that have led to an increase use of maladaptive coping in the form of problematic internet use or other forms of behavioral addiction, abuse of drugs, tobacco, alcohol, etc. We also witness suicide out of fear and anxiety in several patients with COVID-19 or who are presumptive for COVID-19, which clearly reflect toward compromised functioning of the psychological immune system. Suicidal behavior is considered as failure of psychological immune system.[7] HOW TO BUILD PSYCHOLOGICAL IMMUNITY DURING COVID-19? Building psychological immunity is a process that can be targeted through various deliberate and purposeful interventions. However, considering the current crisis situation of COVID-19, few simple tips can help an individual to remain resilient from COVID-19. First of all, the mindful acceptance of a crisis situation (COVID-19) is the first step toward change. Acceptance itself is so powerful that it can bring the imperative discipline require to follow the protocol of COVID-19 without any difficulty. Enhancing the connectedness within the family relations can create a ground for good social support as protective factors for future mental health problems. Adaptive coping appraisal and problem-solving skills can be inculcated through learning the basic steps of problem-solving. Nurturing hope/optimism about overcoming the crisis can also help in building psychological antibodies against COVID-19. Coronavirus and associated restrictions have raised many concerns in each individual's life at different levels, but people find it difficult to communicate or convey their need for help. Hence, engaging in altruism in the form of positive attitude toward help seeking and giving can also enhance the psychological immunity. Good literature reading has also found to be effective in enhancing the psychological immunity.[8] With all this, we hope that people may come up with strong psychological immune system and positive mental health that help them to competently deal with the current COVID-19 crisis and future repercussions. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.

Student Body Temperature and Physical Distance Management Device in Classroom Using 3D Stereoscopic Distance Measurement

The escalation of the COVID-19 (corona virus) has caused economic crisis to majority countries in the world. Especially this pandemic situation damaged education sector very badly. Students lost their valuable learning time in schools. If the government reopens the institutions also, the impact of this virus will be more unless the students will follow the physical distancing and mask wearing. We designed an Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial intelligence based paradigm that makes use of object detection based on convolution neural networks (CNN) to detect the covid symptoms people by measuring temperature and to maintain physical distance between students in Class room. In previous algorithms, researchers used Opencv algorithm to measure the distance between two persons. Due to overlapping in images captured by camera, the efficiency of this algorithm is very less. In this algorithm we used stereoscopic distance measurement algorithm to overcome this problem. Our system will be useful to maintain physical distance between people, and it gives best efficiency compare to previous algorithms.

Corporate Responses to COVID-19 Layoffs in North America and the Role of Human Resources Departments

The required quarantine and closure of thousands of small, medium and large-sized firms due to the Covid-19 corona virus pandemic has changed life for billions of people around the globe, in just a few months since the start of the year during 2020.

Nutrition, Bioavailability and Food Safety Covid-19 Corona Crisis, Immunity and Novel Food Processing Technologies: A Review

Nutrition, Bioavailability and Food Safety Covid-19 Corona Crisis, Immunity and Novel Food Processing Technologies: A Review

The Relationship of Suicides, Guns and Mass Shootings in the United States: An Ethical Dilemma

Suicides have been a reality of life due to many factors across nations. In the United States alone, about 30,000 to 40,000 individuals are likely to take their own life this year. During the Covid-19 Corona virus months, telephone calls to the suicide hotlines in the United States have increased significantly. As such, suicide is a huge, complex and costly problem in our society even when people are not dealing with a pandemic like Covid-19 and racial inequalities. In this study, we look at the relationship between suicides, guns and mass shootings based on age, gender and ethnicity, using data of 3,238-recorded suicides in South Florida’s Broward County. Through a review of descriptive data and regression analysis, we found that the top three methods of suicide are gunshot, asphyxiation, and hanging. Gunshot represents the largest majority of all suicides. In addition, there are statistically significant differences in suicides based on age, race, and gender. Overall, this article provides literature, reflections of morality, and some common reasons for suicides, while also offering reflective data on the epidemic of mass shootings during the past few decades, where the method used was entirely by the usage of various types of guns, assault rifles and military-grade artillery. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings along with specific recommendations for policy makers to prevent suicides and mass shootings in the future. Some acts of violence and suicide might be caused by illnesses or mental health issues, but most are caused by intentional acts of perpetrators due to misunderstandings, stereotypes and unnecessary aggressive behaviors. In the modern society, we see that millions of people in the United States and many other countries around the world are protesting against police violence which are disproportionately and negatively impacting minority groups. Today, we see both children, adults and even official police officers who are showing aggressive behavior which have become a concern as such behaviors are often reinforced over and over again through television and social media. If such behaviors become normal then we need better coping strategies to effectively deal with them because violence only begets more violence, which increases poverty in the society. For most adults, being stuck in poverty through societal inequities, despite their persistent hard work and efforts, can cause depression which might lead to further protests and suicides. It is recommended that policy makers and professionals work to stop unmanageable and aggressive behaviors at an earlier stage of a person’s life because it helps prevent problems in the future. If we do not effectively deal with aggression, violence, and ineffective use of guns, this could lead to more problems on the job, suicides, mass shootings, and/or other crimes in general. This article discusses the root of the suicide problem based on empirical analysis, while also offering recommendation for educators, researchers, and policymakers. Keywords: suicide, gunshot, mass shooting, asphyxiation, hanging, Broward County, Florida, subtle suicide, theory of reason action (TRA), ethical emotism.

Cath lab management protocol for Corona COVID-19 suspected or positive case: An institutional protocol

Currently, there is a rapid worldwide spread of coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19). Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory staff are involved in emergency management of acute coronary syndrome including ST-elevation myocardial infarction and other emergencies. There is a paucity of Catheterization Laboratory protocols during a suspected or confirmed COVID patient intervention. Hence, to minimize the risk of spreading the virus to cardiac team members from suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19, we present our institutional protocol, especially during ST-elevation myocardial infarction or emergency intervention.

THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON E- LEARNING THROUGH WHATSAPP DURING COVID 19

Covid-19 (Corona Virus Disease-19) causes all the schools In Medan doing E- Learning Including SMP Bina Satria Mulia. All the teachers apply E- Learning through WhatsApp. So the researchers conducted online survey at SMP Bina Satria Mulia Medan. The researchers investigates: (!) to find out students’ perception on E- Learning through whatsApp during Covid - 19 (2) the problems faced by students on E- Learning through whatsApp during Covid 19 and (3) the students' expectations of E-Learning by using whatApp in the future. Therefor the researcher conducted the study by using survey research design with Likert Scale to get the data by sending the questionnaires to 62 students but only 38 returned the questionnaires. The findings indicates the students get bored even though they feel happy and also enthusiastic in learning, this is caused because teachers are less varied in using online learning methods through WhatsAap. In addition, students also experience several obstacles in online learning using WhatsApp. that is, there is not enough time to discuss because the teacher must wait for the students who are not confident in conveying their opinions through whatsapp and learning is also not well organized. And students' expectations are that teachers continue to provide motivation and continuous evaluation throughout the online learning process through WhatsApp and schools facilitate the free data plan.