Foreign Body Research Articles

Foreign Body Syndrome in Cattle and Owners’ Perception Capability in Sulaimani Province (North-East Iraq)

Foreign Body Syndrome in Cattle and Owners’ Perception Capability in Sulaimani Province (North-East Iraq)

Bone Regeneration of Rat Critical-Sized Calvarial Defects by the Combination of Photobiomodulation and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Introduction: This study explored the synergistic effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on cranial bone regeneration in rats, addressing the limitations of autogenous grafts and advancing bone tissue engineering with innovative photobiomodulation (PBM) applications. Methods: Sixty Wistar rats were allocated to 5 separate groups randomly; (1) natural bovine bone mineral (NBBM); (2) NBBM+LLLT; (3) NBBM+allogenic ADSCs; (4) NBBM+allogenic ADSCs+LLLT; (5) Only defects. 8-mm calvarial defects were made in each rat in the surgical procedure. A diode laser was applied with the following parameters (continuous mode, power of 100mW, wavelength of 808nm, and 4 J/cm2 energy density) immediately after the procedure and every other day. Bone samples were obtained and assessed histomorphometrically and histologically after staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Results: Different volumes of bony material were observed in two weeks; 2.94%±1.00 in group 1, 5.1%±1.92 in group 2, 7.11%±2.82 in group 3, 7.34%±2.31 in group 4, and 2.01%±0.83 in group 5 (P<0.05). On the other hand, foreign body residuals were up by 23% in the groups with scaffolding by the end of 2 weeks. Four weeks of observation led to 6.74 %±1.95, 13.24%±1.98, 15.76%±1.19, 15.92%±3.4, and 3.11%±1.00 bone formation in groups 1 to 5, respectively (P<0.05). Generally, the difference between groups 2-4 was not statistically significant based on different types of bone and the extent of inflammation. Conclusion: Bearing in mind the limitations of our research, it was demonstrated that ADSCs in combination with PBM have promising effects on bone tissue regeneration in sizeable bony defects. Furthermore, this study also showed that PBM usage improved the newly regenerated bone quality.

Foreign Body Reaction to Ion-Beam-Treated Polyurethane Implant.

All artificial materials used for implantation into an organism cause a foreign body reaction. This is an obstacle for a number of medical technologies. In this work, we investigated the effect of high-energy ion bombardment on polyurethane for medical purposes and the reaction of body tissues to its insertion into the mouse organism. An analysis of the cellular response and shell thickness near the implant showed a decrease in the foreign body reaction for implants treated with high-energy ions compared to untreated implants. The decrease in the reaction is associated with the activation of the polyurethane surface due to the formation on the surface layer of condensed aromatic clusters with unbonded valences on the carbon atoms at the edges of such clusters and the covalent attachment of the organism's own proteins to the activated surface of the implant. Thus, immune cells do not identify the implant surface coated with its own proteins as a foreign body. The deactivation of free valences at the edges of aromatic structures due to the storage of the treated implant before surgery reduces surface activity and partially restores the foreign body response. For the greatest effect in eliminating a foreign body reaction, it is recommended to perform the operation immediately after treating the implant with high-energy ions, with minimal contact of the treated surface with any materials.

Survey of pharyngeal foreign bodies in Japan: An ecological study using the nationwide claims data

ObjectivePharyngeal foreign bodies (PFBs) are a prevalent disease affected by food culture and dietary habits, with fish bones as the leading cause. Most studies were limited to specific regions, and a nationwide survey was not conducted in Japan. In this ecological study, we aimed to conduct a nationwide analysis of outpatient PFB cases in Japan over three years, focusing on seasonal trends, sex- and age-stratified cases, and regional differences. MethodsWe used the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan open data from April 2019 to March 2022. The case data were analyzed by month, age, sex, and prefecture. Additionally, we calculated the standardized claim ratios (SCRs) for each prefecture and investigated the association between dietary habits, food culture, and SCR of PFBs using a two-level linear regression model. ResultsWe analyzed a total of 164,337 outpatient PFB cases in Japan, revealing an average incidence rate of 45.6 per 100,000 persons. The seasonal trend revealed a peak in July each year from 2019 to 2021, confirming seasonality in PFB incidents. Children reported a higher incidence rate. Living west of Japan and expenditure on fish and shellfish had a strongly positive association with the SCR of PFBs. ConclusionOur nationwide survey reveals that, even within Japan, there were regional variations influenced by food culture and dietary habits. The data showed that PFB incidence was higher among children, highlighting the need for preventive education. Level of evidenceLevel 3.

Community experience and awareness regarding foreign body aspiration in Asir region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a serious preventable pediatric health problem and one of the main causes of accidental death in children. Although unusual in adults, it is often overlooked as a cause of airway obstruction with serious consequences. This study assessed awareness and previous FBA experiences in the Asir community, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Using validated questionnaire, an annonymous online survey was conducted among 870 people aged 18 years and above. The questionnaire was used to collect data about the personal and sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, as well as their experiences with FBA, and participants' knowledge and perceived seriousness of FBA. The level of knowledge was deemed good if the score ranged between 60% and 100%, and bad if the score fell below 60%The level of knowledge was deemed good if the score ranged between 60% and 100%, and bad if the score fell below 60%. The majority of the participants (79.7%) were females, 48.1% were aged 18 to 30 years, 72.9% had university degree, 30.6% were students, 26.9% worked in the educational sector, 43.6% reported monthly income of <5000 Saudi Riyals and 19.8% of them identified themselves as healthcarepractitioners. Although the community experience with FBA was considerably high (70.6%) among the study participants, their awareness levels about FBA were deficient. Only 24.7% of the respondents had good knowledge of FBA. Older age, being a health practitioner, and perceiving FBA as a serious incident were significantly associated with good knowledge (P < .001). The findings of this study indicate an urgent need to raise community awareness of FBA. To reduce FBA morbidity and mortality, health education efforts in community and healthcare settings are required to educate people about the seriousness and importance of early diagnosis and management of the condition.

A hard pilsner to swallow: a case series of bottle cap foreign bodies in Canterbury over a 3-month period in 2023

A hard pilsner to swallow: a case series of bottle cap foreign bodies in Canterbury over a 3-month period in 2023

Fragmented acupuncture needle as a linear metallic foreign body near the proximal interphalangeal joint of a horse.

To describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of a fragmented, migrating acupuncture needle near the palmar proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) of a horse. A 9-year-old Warmblood cross mare. The mare presented for evaluation of a linear metallic foreign body on the palmar lateral aspect of the PIPJ following acupuncture treatment. The mare had a pinpoint puncture wound and sensitivity to palpation over the lateral aspect of the PIPJ region. The referring veterinarian performed radiographs and found a linear metallic foreign body near the lateral palmar PIPJ. Ultrasonographic examination demonstrated a hyperechoic lesion consistent with a metallic object in the soft tissues of the palmar lateral aspect of the PIPJ. The horse was anesthetized, and the linear metallic foreign body was removed. The use of intraoperative ultrasound and digital radiographs assisted in determining the location of and surgical approach to remove the foreign body. The linear metallic foreign body was the fragmented segment (body) of an acupuncture needle. The mare recovered from surgery uneventfully and returned to the previous level of activity. This report demonstrates the potential risks of prolonged retention and or delayed removal of acupuncture needles in the form of needle fragmentation and migration. It also demonstrates the use of imaging in determining the location and position of small, thin metallic foreign bodies to aid in surgical approach and removal.

Burns, Foreign Bodies, and Beyond

This article reviews the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) coding webinar, “Burns, Foreign Bodies, and Beyond: Coding Acute Procedures in Pediatrics” (https://publications.aap.org/codingnews/info-parent/28119/Burns-Foreign-Bodies-and-Beyond-Coding-Acute). The webinar addresses the following topics: What is included in the payment for procedures?Commonly performed office and outpatient proceduresSeparately reported evaluation and management (E/M) services

The Effect of Giving Red Ginger Oil On Pain After Iud Installation at Midwifery Independent Practice in Turen Malang Regency

ABSTRACT IUD installation pain is caused by a foreign body that enters the uterus, so to help the adaptation process, it is necessary to have treatment both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. The more frequent the pain that arises, the more recommended non-pharmacological treatment because it has a low risk. In post-IUD pain, there is complementary care in the form of essential oils. Essential oils often used are olive oil, peppermint oil, lavender oil, coconut oil, clove oil, and the latest red ginger oil. Complementary care can be done by giving Red Ginger Oil as a natural analgesic. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of administering red ginger oil on post-IUD discomfort in a midwifery practice in Turen, Malang Regency. Experimental quantitative research using a one-group pre- and post-test design is what this study employs. The 18 people that filled out the survey were chosen using a quota system. The findings of the research were obtained three days after the controlled intervention, after the administration of Red Ginger Oil. Supplemental care, which posed less of a threat, was easily comprehended by patients. This research found that red ginger oil greatly alleviates uterine discomfort when administered topically. Keywords: IUD, Red Ginger Oil, Pain

Acute Clinical Adverse Outcomes Associated With the Cor-Knot

BackgroundAlthough an integral component of cardiac valve operations, manual knot tying has been linked with increased operative times and greater costs. The introduction of the Cor-Knot device (LSI Solutions) has eliminated hand-tied knots through an automatic titanium fastener system. However, adverse outcomes related to this device remain unknown. We thus used a nationally representative cohort to characterize adverse events of the Cor-Knot. MethodsAll adverse events for the Cor-Knot from 2015-2023 were tabulated from the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database. Reports were screened to assess incident type and complication. Device and patient complications were categorized and reported as proportions to further ascertain factors contributing to the development of adverse incidents. ResultsOf an estimated 74 adverse events, the number of reported occurrences increased over the study period from 1 in 2015 to 13 in 2023. The greatest proportion of adverse events involved the Cor-Knot Mini (41.9%) or the Cor-Knot (37.4%), with malfunction representing the most frequent device incident (63.5%). Problems related to device usage (22.8%) or misfire (22.8%) constituted the most frequent complications after Cor-Knot usage. The most frequent complications included valve insufficiency (10.8%), presence of a foreign body (8.1%), or hemorrhage (2.7%). ConclusionsOf all reported adverse events, malfunction was most likely to occur due to misfire or device usage issues. Patient complications comprised valve insufficiency, foreign body presence, or hemorrhage. As adoption and utilization of the Cor-Knot increases, future work is necessary to ensure adequate device training and minimize the incidence of adverse events.

Management and Clinical Outcomes of Eyes With Posterior Segment Intraocular Foreign Bodies Seen at a Tertiary Referral Center.

This study aimed to identify the prognostic factors regarding the visual and anatomic outcomes of eyes with posterior segment intraocular foreign body (PS-IOFB). The medical records of 95 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy and PS-IOFB removal between 2004 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Data on anatomical and visual outcomes, as well as preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were statistically analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 31.9 ± 12.3 years. The mean follow-up time was 21.9 ± 28.3 months. The median time interval from trauma to IOFB removal was 9 days. In univariate analysis, there was a positive correlation between initial visual acuity (VA) and final VA (P < 0.001). A higher ocular trauma score (OTS) was significantly associated with both anatomical and functional success (P < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that OTS was not superior to initial VA in predicting final VA (r = 0.625 vs r = -0.601). Anatomic and functional outcomes were not affected by the injury site, nature of PS-IOFB, or timing of PS-IOFB removal (P > 0.05 for all). Subretinal IOFB location, the need for silicone oil tamponade, and endophthalmitis (P = 0.005, P < 0.001, P = 0.044, respectively) were risk factors for poor visual outcome. The initial VA, the extent of the initial ocular damage, and the presence of endophthalmitis are important prognostic factors for functional success. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2024;55:xx-xx.].

A multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing short- and medium-term outcomes of novel biologics and lightweight synthetic mesh for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.

The use of biological graft in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) has been controversial, and there is a lack of high-level evidence to confirm the value of biological graft in LIHR. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel composite biologics in LIHR. A multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial was designed. Fifty patients with unilateral primary inguinal hernia were randomly assigned to the experimental and control group (1:1). The experimental group was repaired with a non-crosslinked composite extracellular matrix from porcine urinary bladder matrix and small intestinal submucosa (UBM/SIS). The control group was repaired with a lightweight, large-pore, synthetic mesh. The primary endpoint was the effectiveness rate of hernia repair. The patients were followed up for four years. No significant difference was found between the experimental group and the control group in the effective rate of hernia repair (24/24[100%] vs 21/22[95.45%], RR, 0.4667; 95%CI, 0.3294-2.304; P = 0.4783). There was no fever, seroma, infection, groin pain, foreign body discomfort or recurrence in the experimental group during the follow-up. In the control group, there were 2 cases of seroma 14days after operation, 1 case of groin discomfort 60days after operation and one case of recurrence 410days after surgery. Compared with the lightweight synthetic mesh, the novel UBM/SIS graft has comparable short-term and medium-term effectiveness in LIHR, and the incidence of postoperative complications such as seroma groin discomfort is lower. Trial registration Clinical Trials Registry: ChiCTR1800020173.

Foreign body gingivitis as a possible contributor to oral carcinogenesis: a clinicopathologic study

Foreign body gingivitis as a possible contributor to oral carcinogenesis: a clinicopathologic study

Duodenal ileus caused by a cage magnet in a Fleckvieh cow.

The present report aims to describe the case of a duodenal obstruction ileus in a dairy cow that was caused by a cage magnet. The 4.7-year-old German Fleckvieh cow was hospitalized because of symptoms of intestinal obstruction such as anorexia, noticeable drop in milk yield, reduced defecation, dehydration and positive percussion and swinging auscultation in a circumscribed area cranial of the right flank over the last 2 ribs. Six months as well as 3 days prior to hospitalization the cow had already been treated for signs of hardware disease, which included administration of a cage magnet.After the initial clinical diagnostic procedure on hospital admission, a diagnostic laparotomy in the right paralumbar fossa was performed to identify the cause of the ileus. The cranial part of the duodenum was markedly dilated, and a solid foreign body was found obstructing the intestine immediately aboral to the duodenal sigmoid flexure. This was identified as a cage magnet, which was massaged in retrograde direction into the pyloric antrum and removed via abomasotomy. The cow recovered from surgical intervention and was discharged from the hospital 6 days later.The present report describes an unusual complication of cage magnet administration, which is a standard veterinary procedure and generally considered a safe treatment option in cows with clinical signs of acute traumatic reticuloperitonitis.

Penetrating wood foreign bodies (stob) of the coronary band in horses: 15 cases.

To retrospectively report the historical and clinical findings, diagnostics, treatment, and outcome of horses with penetrating wood foreign bodies (PWFBs) of the coronary band. 15 client-owned horses. Horses had varying degrees of lameness and soft tissue swelling of the coronary band and pastern region. A defect in the coronary band was identified, but the actual wood foreign body was not always readily visualized. Medical records of horses diagnosed with PWFBs of the coronary band between 2004 and 2023 were reviewed. Information retrieved from the medical records included history, signalment, diagnostics, treatment, and outcome. Thirteen of 15 horses that sustained a PWFB to the coronary band were participating in foxhunting. Penetrating wood foreign bodies occurred more frequently near the central axis or toe region (11/15) and more commonly in the forelimbs (11/15). Removal of PWFBs can be performed with the horse standing and sedated with regional anesthesia. Complete removal of the PWFB required partial removal of the adjacent hoof wall. Penetrating wood foreign bodies occurred in the coronary band and lodged distally in the hoof wall of horses. Foxhunting may be a risk factor for this type of injury. Penetrating wood foreign bodies occurred most commonly in the front feet, near the central axis of the coronary band. Complete removal of the PWFB required removing a section of the adjacent hoof wall. The prognosis for return to the previous level of activity following treatment was favorable.

72122 - Mesh removal due to foreign body reaction and mesh infection in Groin hernia surgery: A long-term nationwide population-based register study

72122 - Mesh removal due to foreign body reaction and mesh infection in Groin hernia surgery: A long-term nationwide population-based register study

CASE REPORT ON A UNUSUAL FOREIGN BODY IN AN UNUSUAL LOCATION

Incidence of a foreign body in the pediatric age group is not an uncommon scenario. We encountered a rare case of a pediatric male patient that presented to the OPD with a cystic swelling along with a granulomatous mass in the left inguinal region. On further investigations, he was found to have aunusual foreign body, a 7cm wooden pencil in the deep subcutaneous and adductor compartment of muscles in the medial aspect of left upper thigh. The wound was explored and the foreign body was retrieved successfully. This case is remarkable due to the unusual presentation of this child in the OPD, the unusual nature and location of the foreign body and the steps taken in the successful management of the case.

A PAINLESS FRACTURE TREATED IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT

Intravenous cannulation is a routine procedure done in healthcare settings to gain access to superficial veinsfor intravenous fluid, medication, and blood product administration. As a rare occurrence, part of the cannula catheter can break and be retained within a vein which may lead to disastrous complications.Here we report a case of a young male, known to be diabetic, who presented to us with a retained foreign body in his forearm causing him a lot of discomfort. On examination in the emergency department, the patient had stable vitals a long, linear, hard object could be palpated under the skin on the radial aspect of the right forearm near the elbow. On taking a detailed history, it was ascertained that the catheter of the cannula had broken during cannula removal and had been retained within the vein. After consent, a procedure under local anaesthesia was performed in the emergency department for the retrieval of the foreign body, with no post-procedure complications. The patient was discharged home in satisfactory condition the same day. This case tells us how a simple routine procedure can get complicated and how early and prompt intervention can avert possible venous embolization of broken segment and sepsis, among other complications.

Studying the Optimal Air Volume Needed for Inflating the Cuff of an Endotrecheal Tube: A Clinical Observational Study

Abstract: An endotracheal tube (ETT) is a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) flexible plastic tube, this tube is placed into the trachea through the mouth or nose. During the course of general anaesthesia or when a patient is unable to breath by him / herself the endotracheal tube is placed for the maintenance of breathing when it is necessary to sedate the patient, and airway protection is thus lost. Endotracheal tube is used for the protection of airway from any foreign body so that air can pass into and out of the lungs by which it can maintain the airway. This tube needs a special consideration with regards to cuff inflation for creating a seal in between trachea and endotracheal tube for preventing chances of aspiration and leakage of air. Therefore, we are conducting this study to find the optimal air volume needed to inflate the cuff of ETT and minimise the complications associated with over and underinflation of cuff. The conclusion of our study shows that There was a tendency to overinflate the ETT cuff, resulting in high intracuff pressure. The estimated optimal air volume needed for inflating the ETT cuff was about 6.05 ml for men and 5.45 ml for women.

The effectiveness of intraoperative ultrasound control in removing foreign bodies of soft tissues in military personnel with fragmentation wounds at the stage of specialized surgical care

BACKGROUND: The involvement of civilian medical institutions in medical care in military conflicts and counter-terrorism operations has become an important area of the medical support system. Modern methods of surgical navigation make possible minimal invasive, effective and safe removing foreign bodies from soft tissues. Clear understanding of injuries’ character allows better planning of procedures. AIM: Improving the results of treatment of military personnel with fragment wounds by taking into account the character of injury and the use of ultrasound control during removing soft tissue foreign bodies at the stage of specialized surgical care. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from 253 case histories who were treated at the State Budgetary Institution RO “Central City Hospital named Semashko”. Indications for the removal of fragments included the size of the fragment over 7 mm, localization near to large vessels and nerve trunks, and an acute purulent process. The patients were been randomized to two groups. Group I (control) included 118 patients in whom surgery was been performed in the traditional way. Group II (main) included 135 patients in whom procedures were performed with ultrasound navigation. The research methods are ultrasound, X-ray, clinical, and statistical. RESULTS: In 164 patients (64.8%), the wounds were of an isolated nature, where fragments were localized in various anatomical areas. 89 patients (35.2%) had combined shrapnel wounds. Of the 118 patients in group I, in whom surgery was performed in the traditional way, 65 patients (55.1%) underwent surgery under local anesthesia, 53 (44.9%) — under general anesthesia (anesthesia is always general). In 135 patients of group II, operations were performed by only one surgeon under local anesthesia. The duration of surgery, surgery invasion and wound infections rate were significantly lower in group II. CONCLUSION: The part of isolated fragment wounds is 64.8%, combined — 35.2%. The use of ultrasound navigation during surgery can significantly improve the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with fragmentation wounds: reduce the invasiveness and duration of surgery, blood loss, and the rate of wound infectious complications.