Corn Farmers Research Articles

Factors Affecting the Improvement of the Economic Status of Corn Farmers (Case Study of Corn Farmers in Suka Damai Village, Lawe Sigala-Gala District, Southeast Aceh District)

This study aims to find out the factors that influence the increase in the economic status of corn farmers in Sukadamai Village, Lawe Sigala Gala District. The researchers' considerations for choosing this area are because Lawe Sigala Gala District is a corn production center with the second highest productivity after Lauser District, this study uses a Quantitative approach, in this study the total population is the entire Association of Farmers Group named Gapoktan Kembang Bersama, totaling 65 people, the sample used is a saturated sample where all the population is used as a sample. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. As for the results of this study, a constant value of 4,529 indicates the value of the independent variables consisting of Corn Production, Capital, Planning, Human Resources, and Technology. If there is a change, it will increase the economic status of the Sukadamai community by 45.29%. Partially the independent variables consisting of Technology, Human Resources, Planning, Corn Production, and Capital have a significant effect on the economic status of the Sukadamai community because the value of t count > t table and a significant level of <0.05. In the study, the independent variables consisting of Technology, Human Resources, Planning, Corn Production, and Capital had a significant effect on the economic status of the Sukapeace community, because the value of f count > f table (29,819 > 2.37) and a significant level of 0.000 <0.05. R Square value of 0.716 or 71.6% contribution of the variable Technology, HR, planning, Corn Production, and Capital to economic status while the remaining 23.4% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.

CLASSIFICATION OF CORN PLANT DISEASES USING VARIOUS CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

Based on data from the East Java Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in 2020, corn production in 2019 decreased by 622,403 tons. The decrease in production was caused by a disease that attacked corn plants identified from the corn leaves' physical appearance. This study aims to obtain an architectural model with good performance between AlexNet, LeNet, and MobileNet in detecting diseases of maize plants. The dataset used in this study came from Kaggle, with 4188 images divided into four disease classes: Common Rust, Gray Leaf Spot, Blight, and Healthy. Agricultural experts from Bantul have confirmed the appearance of each class of corn plant diseases. The preprocessing process is carried out to prepare the data so that the amount of data for each class is balanced. The image data used in this study totaled 4000 images which were divided into training data and testing data with a ratio of 80:20. Based on the experimental results, it was found that the MobileNet architecture has better performance than AlexNet and LeNet with an accuracy value of 83.37%, average precision of 0.8337, and g-mean of 0.8298. These results have been validated by agricultural experts in Bantul Regency and corn farmers experienced in corn farming.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHATANI JAGUNG (Zea Mays L.) DI KABUPATEN KARO, SUMATERA UTARA

Corn (zea mays) is one of the potential food crops aimed at improving the national economy. The increase made in corn production through the suppression of corn imports by the government so that the land for corn development can be utilized. Karo Regency is a corn production center in North Sumatra that has the potential to develop corn farming with a land area of 107,241 ha with a production of 715,940 tons. The purpose of this study was to analyze the corn farming development strategy and the internal and external constraints faced in corn farming activities. The research method used is descriptive method and data collection techniques are carried out using observation, interviews and questionnaires. There are two sub-districts as samples, namely Simpang Empat and Barusjahe Districts. The analysis technique used is descriptive and SWOT analysis. The results of the study indicate that the development strategies that can be carried out in corn farming in Karo Regency are (a) increasing the bargaining power of farmers in the context of industry/traders that impose strict quality requirements; (b) increase productivity to prepare for competition from imported corn products; (c) planning for weather variations to improve the quality of corn produced by farmers; (d) increase the knowledge and capacity of farmers in the context of controlling pests and diseases in maize; (e) reduce corn production costs to reduce fluctuations in production, quality, and price

Analysis of Crude Fiber and Crude Protein Fermented Corn Cob for Animal Feed

Low productivity of ruminants due to many factors and one of them is lack of feed ingredients in quality and sustainable in quantity. One of sources can be an alternative feed ingredients that containing fibers as a substitute of grass is corn cobs which becoming other earnings of corn farmers. The aim of this research is going to determine the effect of using EM4 on nutritional (contents of crude protein and crude fiber) fermentation quality of corncobs.
 The experimental design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 times replication, treatment J0 = corncobs with no fermentation (control); J1 = fermentation corncobs with EM4 (500 ml); J2 = corncobs fermented with EM4 (700 ml); J3 = fermentation corncobs with EM4 (500 ml). Treatment effects was analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by a test (DUNCAN) if only known there is a significant effect among the treatments.
 The results showed that the lowest crude fiber content in treatment J3 (38.41) and the highest in J0 (46.01) was significantly different with treatment J1 (42.49) and J2 (40.81). The Lowest of protein content is in treatment J0 (2.88) and the highest in J3 (8:02) significantly different with treatment J1 (3.65) and J2 (4:27). The best treatment of this research is contained in fermented corn cob with EM4 with the in 900 ml.

Economic and risk analysis of sustainable practice adoption among U.S. corn growers

CONTEXTAgricultural sustainability has three main pillars: a healthy environment, economic profitability, and social equity. Most programs, however, focus on environmental benefits when establishing protocols for farms, de-emphasizing or ignoring the economic and social aspects. This focus on the environmental aspects of agricultural sustainability misses the importance of economic factors that are commonly found to be key determinants of farmer adoption of best management practices. More research on the economic effects of sustainability practices on farm income and risk would improve understanding and facilitate communication with farmers about the tradeoffs and risks when using the protocols. OBJECTIVESOur study has two primary objectives. First, we quantify the effects of sustainable practice adoption on the mean, variance, and skewness of yield for U.S. corn farmers. Second, based on the estimated yield risk model, we quantify the effects of sustainable practice adoption on farmer returns and the cost of risk to better understand the impacts of sustainability on farmer welfare. METHODSUsing the 2010 Agricultural Resource Management Survey, we construct a composite indicator proxying the intensity of sustainable practice adoption for 73 practices mostly intended to reduce soil erosion and improve nutrient and pest management. We use this indicator in a flexible moment-based approach to analyze field-level corn yield data. Estimation results are used to quantify expected farmer returns and the cost of risk (the risk premium). The cost of risk is decomposed into costs from variance (symmetric variation around the mean) and from skewness (downside risk from unusually low yields). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSResults indicate that substantial opportunities exist for US corn growers to increase sustainable practice adoption. Increased sustainable practice adoption significantly increased mean yield and decreased yield variance and skewness. In addition, increased adoption of sustainable practices increased expected farmer returns and, in most cases, also increased the cost of risk mostly from increased costs from lower skewness (greater downside risk). The positive effect of increased expected income always dominated the negative effect of increased costs of risk, so that on average farmer welfare increased with higher levels of sustainable practice adoption. SIGNIFICANCEOur study helps fill a literature gap by evaluating the economic aspects of sustainability, specifically farm income and the cost of risk. The results provide critical information for policy making and program establishing.

PENGARUH KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR LAINNYA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA PADA USAHATANI JAGUNG DI KAWASAN AGROPOLITAN KABUPATEN CIAMIS

Labor as a factor of production affects production costs where an increase in labor productivity can lead to higher production. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of spiritual intelligence and other factors on labor productivity in corn farming in the agropolitan area of Ciamis Regency. The research was carried out using a quantitative research approach. A sample of 94 people was obtained from a population of 1,545 corn farmers using the Slovin formula. The influence of spiritual intelligence and other factors on the productivity of corn farming in the agropolitan area of Ciamis Regency was analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results showed that land area, family size, and spiritual intelligence had a significant effect on the labor productivity of corn farming in the agropolitan area of Ciamis Regency; while education and experience have no significant effect.

APAKAH PROGRAM READSI DAPAT MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN PETANI? STUDI KOMPARASI PADA PETANI JAGUNG GORONTALO

The research aims to analyze the income of com farmers in Gorontalo Regency and compare the income of corn farmers before and after joining the READSI (Rural Empowerment and Agricultural Development Scalling-up Initiative) program. The sample was determined using Purposive Sampling with 55 com farmers in Ayuhula Village, Dungaliyo Subdistrict, Gorontalo Regency. This research employs explanatory research with a quantitative and statistical approach. The data analalysis consists of the analysis of cost structure, income and revenue, and paired sample t-test comparison test. The results indicate that the average accumulation of income per farmer before the READSI program was IDR 7.823.516 per planting season. Meanwhile, the average income per farmer after participating the READSI program was IDR 19.313.524 per planting season. Statistically, the farmers’ income after joining the READSI program is significantly different from their income before participating in the program. The average income difference per farmer from the READSI farmer group reaches 54%. In conclusion, the READSI program has proven to increase farmer productivity and ultimately improve farmer income in Gorontalo Regency.

KINERJA BALAI PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN NAPABALANO DALAM USAHATANI JAGUNG DI DESA PENTIRO KECAMATAN NAPABALANO KABUPATEN MUNA

This study aims to determine the level of performance of the Napabalano Agricultural Extension Center in Corn Farming in Pentiro Village, Napabalano District. The location of this research was determined purposively or intentionally based on the consideration that the Agricultural Extension Center (BPP) in Napabalano District is still active and is still running well in accordance with the program that has been prepared and is one of the designated villages so that the agricultural sector can improve welfare, especially for corn farmers. The number of respondents was 22 farmers who were determined using the census method. Data were analyzed using the class interval formula. The results showed that the performance of the Napabalano Agricultural Extension Center was in a fairly good category with a score of 60.954 as seen from the level of responsiveness, service quality and responsibility.

KERAGAMAN USAHA TERHADAP PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI DI DESA WAULAI KECAMATAN BARANGKA KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT

The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of business and household income in Waulai Village, Barangka District, West Muna Regency. The research period will be from March to April 2023. Site selection is carried out purposively (deliberately) with the consideration that Waulai Village has a variety of businesses both from on farm and non-farm. The population in this study is all farmers in Waulai Village who carry out on-farm (corn and cassava) and non-farm (weaving and blacksmithing) business activities totaling 25 people. Instruments or media used to collect data in the form of questionnaires. The research methods used, namely interviews, observations, documentation, and literature studies. Data analysis is used to calculate business diversity using the Entropy Index and to calculate revenue using quantitative descriptive analysis. The results show that Waulai Village has a variety of house hold businesses. The diversity of businesses in Waulai Village in clued corn farming and cassava farming (on farm), weaving business and blacksmith business (non-farm sector). Income from non-farm businesses contribute to on-farm business farmers.

Synergy of Social Capital of Local Residents and Transmigrates in Corn Farming in Garantung Village

A synergy of social capital of residents and transmigrates in corn farming in Garantung village. Social capital is an important factor in agricultural economic development. In this context, an analysis was carried out to find out the forms and contributions between the social capital of the local population and transmigration in the context of corn farming. The research paradigm used is the social definition paradigm with a qualitative research approach and a case study type of research. Subjects and informants in this study used purposive techniques, data obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. Criteria for checking the validity of the data are carried out through the Credibility, Transferability, Dependability, and Conformability tests. Social capital in this study uses the theory of the concept of social capital developed by Robert Putnam, which consists of three elements: social networks, norms, and trust (Putnam, 1995). This social capital helps build relationships of mutual trust, collaboration, and togetherness in achieving common goals. The transmigration program significantly contributed to productivity and sustainability through corn farming in Garantung village by bringing social capital such as knowledge, skills, and economic resources. The synergy of social capital of residents and transmigration brings various benefits, including increased productivity of diversified agricultural businesses, exchange of knowledge and experience, and sustainability of agricultural businesses in Garantung village. Factors that influence synergy include cultural aspects, trust, common goals, effective communication, and good support and coordination from the government. The contribution of the synergy of the social capital of residents and transmigration in hybrid corn farming can lead to increased welfare, business opportunities, and increased productivity efficiently and effectively. The problems faced by farmers in general, such as patron-client networks, middlemen can be overcome through cooperation which in Indonesia is known as gotong royong; strengthening networks that can be formed in economic development, especially in Corn farming, is, of course, based on the strength of individual belief in the group.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Jagung Di Kabupaten Kediri

This purpose of this research are to determine the characteristics of respondents from corn farmers in Janti Village, Papar District, Kediri Regency and to determine the factors that have a significant effect on corn production in Janti Village, Papar District, Kediri Regency. This study used as many as 39 respondents. The method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study stated that the corn seed variable was added by 1 percent, so maize production would also increase by 6.576 percent. For the fertilizer variable added by 1 percent, the corn production will also increase by 5,633 percent. For the pesticide variable added by 1 percent, the corn production will also increase by 0.838 percent. For the labor variable, it is added by 1 percent, the corn production will also increase by 0.120 percent

Cognitive Training Needs of Hybrid Maize Growers in Al-Naameh Village, Al-Alam District and its Relationship to some Variables

The research aimed to determine the cognitive training needs of the hybrid yellow corn growers in the village of Naameh / Al-Alam sub-district in general, to analyze the relationship between the following independent variables and the hybrid yellow corn farmers’ demand for cognitive training in the hamlet of Al-Naameh/Al-Alam subdistrict, and (age, educational level, type of possession, Number of working years in crop cultivation, sources of information). The research included all farmers of hybrid yellow corn in the village of Al-Naameh, whose number is (172), a random sample was taken at a rate of (35%), and thus the number of farmers became (60) farmers, the results showed that the highest value of cognitive training needs was within the middle category tending to rise, as The results showed that there is a significant correlation at the level (0.05) between (age, educational level, number of years of work in crop cultivation) and cognitive training needs. The researcher concluded that the majority of the respondents lacked sufficient knowledge of the cultivation of the hybrid yellow corn crop. With the increase in the number of years of work in the cultivation of the hybrid yellow corn crop, their experience in the field of crop cultivation increased, and thus their cognitive training needs decreased. The researcher recommends that the Salah El-Din Center for Agricultural Extension and Training pay attention to preparing training courses in the Al-Alam district that are conducted by specialists in the cultivation of the hybrid yellow corn crop, so that it includes the largest possible number of them to achieve the greatest amount of benefit. crop cultivation.

Dampak Status Penguasaan Lahan Terhadap Pendapatan Petani Jagung Di Kabupaten Dompu Nusa Tenggara Barat

This study aims to determine the impact of land tenure status on the income of corn farmers in Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The research method uses qualitative and quantitative methods. Data collection used an interview method with 60 respondents of corn farmers spread across the three main corn-producing districts in Dompu District, namely in Woja District, Kilo District and Pekat District. The results showed that there was not too much difference between the income of farmers who planted on their own land and on state land except for farmers who planted on leased state land. The average income of corn farmers who plant on their own land is Rp. 24,595,444, corn farmers plant on their own land and State land is Rp. 23,291,240, plant on State land is Rp. 23,523,800, and those who plant land on leased State land are Rp. 20,885,740.

PENGEMBANGAN PROSPEK USAHA TORTILLA CHIPS OLEH KELOMPOK TANI AUR SERUMPUN DI KECAMATAN SIMPANG ALAHAN MATI KABUPATEN PASAMAN PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

The Aur Serumpun farmer group is one of the growing farmer groups with their corn farming business. This farmer group is in Simpang Alahan Mati District, Kab. Pasaman, West Sumatra Province. So far, farmers only sell corn that has been dried directly. The processing of corn is a basic need for members of farmer groups in order to have product diversification which can ultimately increase the economy of these farmers. In the community service activities that were carried out previously (in 2019), processed products from corn were introduced, namely tortilla chips. In the 2020-2022 activities, business development will be carried out from Aur Serumpun farmer groups in accordance with the policy directions set by the members of the farmer groups themselves. Therefore, a discussion group forum was held and the signing of a cooperation agreement regarding the study of the prospects for producing tortilla chips which would be carried out by the aur allied farmer groups. The development of food product production of trotilla chips is an independent initiative from farmer groups that can collaborate with academics in the Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Andalas University. It was agreed from the discussion group forum that the head of the farmer group would conduct a study and socialize to other members of the farmer group regarding alternative product diversification of the commonly produced corn commodity. Further evaluation of the prospects for the implementation of the tortilla chips production process will be carried out next year.

Design and Analysis of a High-Precision Dynamic Compensation System for Seed Dropping Position in Corn Sowing Operations

In response to the problem of imprecise maintenance of plant spacing and row spacing during corn sowing operations in the middle of existing corn farms, this study designed a dynamic compensation system for corn seed dropping position. The test system includes a corn seeding machine operating unit, a seed dropping variable measurement and control system unit, a terminal control system, and a dynamic compensation system. The dynamic performance of the control system was tested experimentally. When undisturbed signals were loaded, regardless of whether the machine used the position compensation function or not, the coefficient of variation of longitudinal grain spacing was 2.6% ± 0.2%, and the longitudinal grain spacing was basically consistent. After adding disturbance signals, compared with not using the dynamic compensation function, the variation coefficient of seed spacing decreased by an average of 6.94% when using the dynamic compensation function. When using the dynamic compensation function, compared with not using dynamic compensation function, the variation coefficient of lateral grain spacing decreased by an average of 9.16%. Stability analysis of longitudinal and lateral grain spacing was conducted through bench tests, verifying the stability of the proposed dynamic compensation system for seed dropping position.

Application of innovative biological agents for sustainable corn farming

Corn, being the most important crop globally, requires effective protection against pests while maintaining environmental sustainability. This study focuses on the development of environmentally friendly methods for biological control of major corn pests. The research investigates the combined use of pheromones, entomopathogenic preparations, and parasitic Hymenoptera, such as Trichogramma evanescens West and Habrobracon hebetor Say, to combat pests. The seasonal dynamics and abundance of cotton moth (Helicoverpa armigera) and click beetle (Athous tauricus) were monitored using pheromone traps. The number of corn moth (Ostrinia nubilalis) caterpillars was recorded, and mass breeding of the ectoparasite Habrobracon hebetor was conducted for biological control. The effectiveness of the integrated approach, combining entomophages and biological preparations, was evaluated. The study demonstrates satisfactory effectiveness in biological protection, with significant reductions in corn moth and cotton moth populations. These findings highlight the potential of environmentally friendly techniques for pest control in corn crops, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices.

ANALISIS EFISIENSI USAHATANI JAGUNG DI KECAMATAN MADAPANGGA KABUPATEN BIMA

The aims of this study were to: (1) examine the effect of the use of production factors on maize production in Madapangga sub-district, Bima district; (2) Analyzing the efficiency of the use of production factors in corn farming in Madapangga Subdistrict, Bima Regency; (3) Knowing the advantages of corn farming in Madapangga Subdistrict, Bima Regency.
 The method used in this research is descriptive method. This research is located in Madapangga Subdistrict, Woro Village and Tonda Village and determined by purposive sampling on the basis that these two villages have the most corn farmers and the area of ​​corn farming land. The number of respondents was determined as many as 30 respondents and selected by proportional random sampling. Sources of data used are primary data and secondary data.
 The results of the research are: (1) Production factors (production inputs) that affect the production of corn farming are production factors: seeds (X2), urea (X3) and the use of labor (X7), while other production factors are phoska fertilizer (X4 ), Pelangi fertilizer (X5) and pesticides (X6) had no significant effect on corn farming production. (2) Based on the results of the analysis of the efficiency of input use in corn farming in the District of Madapangga, Bima Regency, it is known that the use of seed input (X2), urea fertilizer (X3), phoska fertilizer (X4) and the use of labor (X7) is not efficient because the value of the efficiency ratio NMP/BKM > 1 then it is necessary to add input, while for inputs Production of rainbow fertilizers (X5) and pesticides (X6) is not efficient because the value of the efficiency ratio of NMP/BKM is < 1 and it is necessary to reduce the amount of use of production inputs. (3) The profit earned on corn farming in Madapangga Subdistrict, Bima Regency in 2022 is Rp. 40,003,234 per arable area or 25,808,538 per hectare.

Technical, Economic, and Allocative Efficiency of Corn Farming In South Lampung Regency

South Lampung Regency is the center of corn production in Lampung Province. However, the low productivity of corn due to the suboptimal allocation of production factors has affected the efficiency of corn farming production. This research aims to analyze the level of technical, allocative, and economical efficiency corn farming in South Lampung Regency. Two subdistricts in South Lampung Regency—Penengahan and Ketapang—that are major corn production hubs were used for data collection. The data collected in this study are primary and secondary. Primary data was obtained using a survey method, namely by directly interviewing corn farmers using a list of questions (a questionnaire) that has been provided. Secondary data were obtained from institutions or agencies related to this research. A simple random sampling method was used to choose up to 71 maize producers for the sample size. The Stochastic Frontier Cobb-Douglas production function is used in data analysis and is processed by the Frontier 4.1 application. The results show that corn farming was technically efficient but not allocatively or economically efficient.. The use of inputs appropriately and efficiently will reduce the use of excessive inputs, which can then be allocated to the purchase of other inputs that are less used, with the aim of achieving allocative and economic efficiency.

Evaluasi dan impact assessment pelatihan sekolah lapang pengendalian hama terpadu (SL-PHT) tanaman jagung melalui pengenalan dan aplikasi pestisida nabati di Kabupaten Purbalingga

The Sri Lestari farmer group in Karangbanjar Village, Bojongsari District, Purbalingga Regency works on the cultivation of food crops such as corn and rice, some of them working on horticultural crops. The use of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides carried out from year to year is quite worrying with the increasing dose of use of Chemical Fertilizers as well as environmentally unfriendly chemicals that are concerned will damage the natural ecosystems. The implementation of integrated pest management field schools (SL-IPM) corn farm efforts are expected to be able to impact the level of application of integrated pesticide control through the identification and application of plant pesticides on the Sri Lestari farmer group. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of the SL-IPM implementation on the level of application of integrated pest control and the socioeconomic impacts of members of the Sri Lestari group. This research was conducted in May 2023. The number of respondents was 35 people using the census technique. Data is analyzed quantitatively. The observed variables are characteristics, pre-test and post-test, and socio-economic impact assessment of members of the farm group. The results of that there was an improvement in understanding, changes in attitudes, skills, knowledge and behavior in the good category (when an increase in respondent understanding of the training material was more than 30% of all pre-test and post-test questions). The number of members of the peasant group who applied the FS-IPM principle of corn crops was 62.86% with an increase in corn productivity of 50.91%.

Status kesuburan tanah, aplikasi pupuk petroganik + NPK terhadap pertumbuhan jagung pulut merah genotipe Unipa di Distrik Waibu Kabupaten Jayapura

Soil fertility status was an important factor that determines the success of corn farming. The five properties used to predict this fertility status are C-Organic, KB, P2O5 – total, K2O – total, and CEC. The combination of the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers aims to improve soil fertility, increase productivity, and soil sustainability. The study used a 2-factor randomized block design. The first factor was the combination of fertilization consisted of 6 levels and the second factor was 2 genotypes of red corn pulut Unipa. The results showed that the soil fertility status at the study site was classified as low with the details of the criteria of C-Organic (Low), KB (High), P2O5 (High), K2O (High), and CEC (Low). There were no interaction in all growth components. The genotype of Anggi Merah Pulut Unipa 3 had better growth than Anggi Merah Pulut Unipa 1.