Core Resources Research Articles

International tourism: Inimitable vs imitable core tourism resources and destination image

Marketing and management scholars agree that organizations should focus on their core resources and capabilities in their effort to create a competitive advantage. However, tourism researchers and practitioners need more empirical evidence from emerging tourism destinations, viz. under what conditions can core destination resources and capabilities deliver this edge more effectively. Consequently, this paper examines the effect of core destination resources, namely natural resources, heritage resources and created resources on destination image, and the moderating effects of customer value and destination satisfaction. International tourists to Qatar (an emerging tourism destination) provided the data for the study. The results show that natural resources and heritage resources are significantly related to the destination image, but created sources are not. Customer value positively and negatively moderates the association of natural resources and heritage resources respectively with destination image. Destination satisfaction positively moderates the relationship between heritage resources and destination image. The findings suggest a preponderance of inimitable endowed resources over imitable created resources in explaining destination image, thus justifying a focus on the former when crafting destination benefits proposal to international tourists. Practitioners and policymakers should also emphasize the unique value of these resources, be mindful of price in/sensitive customers when making destination resources cost/benefit decisions, and deliver delightful experience to customers to enhance destination image. Detailed managerial and theoretical implications of the study are presented.

Efficient thread‐to‐core mapping alternatives for application‐level redundant multithreading

SummaryRedundant multithreading (RMT) is an effective thread‐level replication method to improve the reliability requirements of applications. Although it significantly improves the robustness of applications, it comes with additional performance overhead since the redundant threads might share the same core resources. In our previous study [Efficient selective replication of critical code regions for SDC mitigation leveraging redundant multithreading.J Supercomput2021;77:14130‐14160], we presented an efficient software‐level RMT approach, where we execute the most critical code regions with three threads to correct errors. In this study, we focus on further improving the performance of our software‐level RMT method by presenting a set of different thread‐to‐core mapping alternatives. We provide different static mapping methods, which require preliminary information about the applications, such as execution time, instruction‐per‐cycle (IPC), or cache usage patterns, and a set of dynamic mapping methods, which map threads to cores dynamically at runtime without requiring any additional information. The dynamic mapping methods decide which threads are mapped to which cores at each scheduling point based on the IPC, cache miss rate, or cache access values of each thread as well as each core. Experimental results show that the dynamic mapping method, which maps threads to cores based on IPC values, outperforms all other static and dynamic methods. It also outperforms our baseline model, where the operating system handles the thread‐to‐core mappings by 8%, 7%, and 20% based on average speedup, harmonic speedup, and mean slowdown metrics.

Determinants of relocation mode choice: effect of resource endowment, competitive intensity and activity character

The study investigates the factors determining relocation mode choice (in-house sourcing, outsourcing, captive offshoring, offshore outsourcing) and provides an insight into the behaviour of companies from a transition economy. A multinomial logit model run on a sample of 150 Polish companies from the automotive and clothing industries allows us to refer to four hypotheses based on strategic management literature emphasising core activities, resource endowment and competition intensity. Our research indicates that relocations undertaken by firms operating in a transition economy such as Poland are characterised with unique qualities that are not frequently associated with business entities from developed economies. In particular, relocation of R&D and management functions does not increase probability of using internal relocation modes compared to external ones. When relocating such core activities companies in our sample are more likely to use offshore outsourcing than outsourcing. More resource-endowed firms are more likely to use other relocation modes than outsourcing. The competitive pressure increases the probability of outsourcing and captive offshoring to in-house sourcing.

The role of the core competence and core resource features of a sharing economy on the achievement of SDGs 2030

Globally, sustainable development goals (SDGs), which need to be achieved using the sharing economy, are the focus of many recent studies. This article investigates the impact of sharing economy features such as core competence and resources on achieving SDGs in the tourism industry in the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). It examines the mediating impact of distinctive competitive advantage between the core competence and core resource features of a sharing economy, and achievement of the SDGs. The study also examines the moderating role of institutional support on the nexus of distinctive competitive advantage and achievement of SDGs in the BRICS countries. Questionnaires are used to collect primary data and Smart-PLS is used to analyse the data. The results indicate that the core competence and core resource features have a positive association with the achievement of SDGs, and that distinctive competitive advantage significantly mediates the association between core competence, core resources, and achievement of the SDGs. The outcomes reveal that institutional support significantly moderates the nexus of distinctive competitive advantage and achievement of SDGs. The research provides guidelines for regulators establishing policies related to the achievement of SDGs using the sharing economy.

1295. Cross-sectional survey on education of clinical infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance in pharmaceutical department in Japanese universities

Abstract Background Pharmacists play an important role in infection control and antimicrobial stewardship teams in hospitals and the community. The need for education on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and clinical infectious diseases (CID) is increasing. However, the status of Japanese pharmaceutical education on CID and AMR is unclear. Methods We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey of pharmaceutical department in Japanese universities between February and March 2022. Data on the following were collected using questionnaires: 1) basic information; 2) number of faculty members with experience in CID; 3) lecture times for CID and AMR; 4) self-evaluation of CID and AMR education; and 5) the most important issues in CID and AMR education. Descriptive analyses were conducted. Results Among the 74 participating universities, 44 (59.5%) universities responded. The median number [IQR] of faculties of infectious disease education was 7 [4–12], and clinical faculties was 3 [1–6]. Twenty-seven (62.8%) of the universities had faculties with clinical experience in infectious diseases. Lectures time for CID and AMR varied among the universities. Respondents indicated that CID and AMR lectures were insufficient, compared to microbiology basic lectures. Additionally, insufficient lecture time and specialists were the most common responses as the most important issues in CID and AMR education. University background and questions regarding CID and AMR lectures (N=44) Boxplot of lectures time for clinical infectious disease and antimicrobial resistance education Self-evaluation of clinical infectious disease and antimicrobial resistance education Conclusion This study revealed that educational status and resources for CID and AMR education varied widely, and that practical lectures on CID and AMR may be insufficient. We suggest that the entire core curriculum and resources, including the number of faculties, needs to be examined and improved. The most important issues in clinical infectious disease and antimicrobial resistance education. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures.

INFLUENCE OF POLITICAL MARKETING ON VOTING INTENTION: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION

The firms who are employing marketing smartly have a big lead in terms of profitability. They are able to obtain their essential resources to use the resources and to forecast the consequence of their efforts. The success of corporate organizations owing to effective application of marketing has inspired the politicians to think about the intelligent use of marketing in politics as well. The sample size is 385 when the levels of significance are set at 95% (z = 1.96), 5% (e = +.5), and 5% (p =.5). Only 330 respondents made it through the screening process due to being both full and consistent. 
 Firms that use marketing wisely have a big advantage in terms of profitability. They can get their core resources to use the resources and predict the consequences of their efforts. The success of corporate organizations through the effective use of marketing has inspired politicians to think about the wise use of marketing in politics as well. The sample size is 385 when the significance levels are set at 95% (z = 1.96), 5% (e = +.5), and 5% (p = 0.5). Only 330 respondents went through the selection process due to the fact that they were complete and consistent.
 Money was utilized by politicians in Lebanon during voter registration, party primaries, and the general election. Politicians in the state of Lebanon were found to have utilized fast-burning cash to purchase voters or permanent voters' cards and to compromise electoral staffs. Voter turnout was impacted by this illegal conduct. The importance of money in a democracy stems from the fact that most political action requires financial backing. 
 There has been a marked decrease in the usage and mentions of its politicians, particularly on Twitter, despite the fact that the internet world has simplified access to celebrity culture. According to the data, these well-known people were not very influential on Twitter.

Cannabis entrepreneurship: A guide to core concepts, resources, and research strategies

The cannabis industry is a complex set of industries involving consumer, medical, and industrial products and services. NAICS classification and government data usually provide limited value to North American researchers supporting cannabis entrepreneurship, particularly since the United States federal government (unlike that of Canada) does not yet recognize the legalization of cannabis. Social equity continues to be one motivation for cannabis entrepreneurship, given this historic targeting of U.S. and Canadian people of color for cannabis-­related criminal offenses. Nonprofits and provincial, state, and local governments are now providing support for people of color working in this industry. In addition to government data, proprietary databases, trade associations, consulting firms, and boutique data and analytics firms provide data and analysis to research the cannabis industry and support its entrepreneurs.

GWAS Atlas: an updated knowledgebase integrating more curated associations in plants and animals.

GWAS Atlas (https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gwas/) is a manually curated resource of genome-wide genotype-to-phenotype associations for a wide range of species. Here, we present an updated implementation of GWAS Atlas by curating and incorporating more high-quality associations, with significant improvements and advances over the previous version. Specifically, the current release of GWAS Atlas incorporates a total of 278,109 curated genotype-to-phenotype associations for 1,444 different traits across 15 species (10 plants and 5 animals) from 830 publications and 3,432 studies. A collection of 6,084 lead SNPs of 439 traits and 486 experiment-validated causal variants of 157 traits are newly added. Moreover, 1,056 trait ontology terms are newly defined, resulting in 1,172 and 431 terms for Plant Phenotype and Trait Ontology and Animal Phenotype and Trait Ontology, respectively. Additionally, it is equipped with four online analysis tools and a submission platform, allowing users to perform data analysis and data submission. Collectively, as a core resource in the National Genomics Data Center, GWAS Atlas provides valuable genotype-to-phenotype associations for a diversity of species and thus plays an important role in agronomic trait study and molecular breeding.

CaRegiving frOm A Distance (ROAD): home care in the future—flexible and nearby – multimethod qualitative study protocol

IntroductionDemographic change in Germany is accompanied by a birth rate deficit and increasing life expectancy. One effect of the ageing population is an increase in people needing care, most of...

Archaeological identification of fragmented nuts and fruits from key Asia‐Pacific economic tree species using anatomical criteria: Comparative analysis of Canarium, Pandanus and Terminalia

ABSTRACTThe fats, protein and carbohydrates afforded by tree nuts and fruits are key resources for communities from Southeast Asia, through Melanesia, Australia and across Oceania. They are important in long‐distance marine trade networks, large‐scale ceremonial gatherings, and are core resources in a wide range of subsistence economies, including foraging systems, horticulture and swidden agriculture. Recent archaeobotanical evidence has also shown their deep‐time importance, being amongst the earliest foods used in the colonisation of novel environments in Australia and New Guinea, as well as the later colonisation of Near and Remote Oceania. The archaeobotanical methods used to identify fruit and nut‐derived plant macrofossils have been largely limited to use of morphological characters of near whole or exceptionally preserved remains, most commonly endocarps, the hard, nutshell‐like interior layer of the fruit protecting the seed. Here we detail how anatomical characteristics of endocarps, visible in light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), can be used with surviving morphological features to identify confidently the use of key Asia‐Pacific economic trees, in this case, Canarium, Pandanus and Terminalia. Systematic anatomical description allows the identification of these important economic taxa, and separation from the remains of others such as Aleurites and Cocos, when found in a range of archaeological assemblages. This includes the often highly fragmented charred assemblages that can be recovered routinely from most sites with appropriate fine‐sieving and flotation methods. These methods provide the basis for a more representative and nuanced understanding of ancient plant use, economy and social systems operating in the region and, being particularly useful in tropical regions, will broaden the archaeobotanical database on ancient foods globally.

GETTING STARTED WITH PEER REVIEW: WHEN, HOW, AND HOW MUCH? A PRACTICAL WORKSHOP FROM THE EDITORS OF JAACAP AND JAACAP Connect

This Workshop will present practical knowledge and, through consultation and hands-on skill-building activities, advance attendees’ skills around peer review and the editorial process. We hypothesize that, after participating in this Workshop, attendees will be able to: 1) identify the core knowledge, skills, and resources needed to successfully review a paper in the field; 2) report increased awareness of their current skill set and obstacles to peer review; and 3) develop a plan to enhance their peer reviews.

Efficiency of lean practices and blockchain combinations for green supplier integration improvements in sustainable development

AbstractPrevious studies indicate that green supplier integration can promote supplier knowledge sharing as a core resource and capability to strengthen supply chain resilience and achieve green performance for sustainable development. However, due to the lack of an effective approach and technology to improve green supplier integration, it is difficult for suppliers to promote or even maintain sharing. Few studies note that green supplier integration through lean practices may efficiently promote supplier knowledge sharing, and blockchain combinations may produce efficiencies in maintaining supplier knowledge sharing intention. However, there are still disputes and a lack of deep verification. Thus, this study aims to explore the following questions. First, when green supplier integration is improved through lean practices, can it promote supplier knowledge sharing and further strengthen supply chain resilience and green performance? Second, to what extent do blockchain combinations moderate the relationship between supplier knowledge sharing and supply chain resilience and why? Based on the natural resource‐based view and knowledge‐based view, this study builds a theoretical framework and verifies it using PLS‐SEM based on 214 Chinese manufacturers. The results of our analysis show that suppliers' knowledge sharing with manufacturers can certainly be promoted when lean practices are adopted to improve green supplier integration. In addition, blockchain combinations can certainly maintain supplier knowledge sharing intention and ensure that supply chain resilience related to prevention is continuously strengthened. In sum, our findings make useful contributions to the literature on the efficiencies of lean practices and blockchain combinations in the context of green supplier integration.

Transcending the Locality of Grassroots Initiatives: Diffusion of Sustainability Knowledge and Practice through Transdisciplinary Research

Community-based approaches to natural resource management are being discussed and experienced as promising ways for pursuing ecological conservation and socio-economic development simultaneously. However, the multiplicity of levels, scales, objectives and actors that are involved in sustainability transformations tends to be challenging for such bottom-up approaches. Collaborative and polycentric governance schemes are proposed for dealing with those challenges. What has not been fully explored is how knowledge from local contexts of community-based initiatives can be diffused to influence practices on higher levels and/or in other local contexts. This study explores how theoretical advances in the diffusion of grassroots innovation can contribute to understanding and supporting the diffusion of knowledge and practices from community-based initiatives and proposes a transdisciplinary approach to diffusion. For that aim, we develop an analytical perspective on the diffusion of grassroots innovations that takes into consideration the multiplicity of actors, levels and scales, the different qualities/types of knowledge and practices, as well as their respective contributions. We focus on the multiplicity and situatedness of cognitive frames and conceptualize the diffusion of grassroots innovations as a transdisciplinary process. In this way three different diffusion pathways are derived in which the knowledge and practices of grassroots initiatives can be processed in order to promote their (re)interpretation and (re)application in situations and by actors that do not share the cognitive frame and the local context of the originating grassroots initiative. The application of the developed approach is illustrated through transdisciplinary research for the diffusion of sustainable family farming innovations in Colombia. This conceptualization accounts for the emergence of multiplicity as an outcome of diffusion by emphasizing difference as a core resource in building sustainable futures.

Evolutionary Game of Knowledge Sharing in the Advanced Manufacturing Industry

With the advent of the era of knowledge economy, knowledge resources have gradually become the core resources for industrial development. For advanced manufacturing, strengthening the knowledge sharing between enterprises has become a key factor of the industry to maintain their core competitiveness. Based on the perspective of knowledge sharing, this study constructs an evolutionary game model among advanced manufacturing enterprises and analyzes the dynamic evolution process of enterprises. The result shows that knowledge spillover effects, excess return distribution, knowledge costs, hidden income, and punishment mechanisms are the main factors influencing the choice of evolutionary strategies for knowledge sharing among enterprises. Based on the analysis results, the study gives some suggestions to encourage advanced manufacturing companies to choose knowledge sharing strategies, to promote the rapid development of advanced manufacturing.

Quantum separability criteria based on realignment moments

Quantum entanglement is the core resource in quantum information processing and quantum computing. It is a significant challenge to effectively characterize the entanglement of quantum states. Recently, elegant separability criterion is presented by Elben et al. (Phys Rev Lett 125:200501, 2020) based on the first three partially transposed (PT) moments of density matrices. Then, Yu et al. (Phys Rev Lett 127:060504, 2021) proposed two general powerful criteria based on the PT moments. In this paper, based on the realignment operations of matrices we propose entanglement detection criteria in terms of such realignment moments. We show by detailed example that the realignment moments can also be used to identify quantum entanglement.

Banking on the Last Gift: Cornell's Signature Program of Postmortem Tissue Procurement.

High-quality, well-annotated, healthy tissue specimens are crucial to the success of basic and translational research, but often difficult to procure. Postmortem (PM) tissue collections provide the opportunity to collect these healthy biospecimens. PM procurement programs led by biobanks can further contribute by providing researchers with rare biospecimens collected with short postmortem intervals (PMI) in controlled environments. To support biomedical and translational research, the Cornell Veterinary Biobank (CVB), an ISO 20387 accredited core resource at the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, has performed PM tissue collections from research and privately owned animals since 2013. The CVB PM collection team, consisting of a board-certified veterinary pathologist, a licensed veterinary technician collection specialist, and a data capture specialist, performs rapid tissue collections during controlled warm necropsies, with an accepted PMI of ≤2 hours and a target PMI of ≤1 hour. A retrospective analysis of PM collections between 2013 and 2020 was completed, consisting of 4077 aliquots of 1582 biospecimens from 69 donors (48 canine, 16 feline, and 5 equine). An average of 22.93 biospecimens per donor were collected (range: 1-49). The average PMI for standard collections was 43.48 ± 2.30 minutes, starting on average 20.81 ± 1.61 minutes after time of death. Thus far, the CVB has a favorable utilization rate, with 414 aliquots (10.15%) from 350 specimens (20.12%) and 45 animals (65.22%) distributed to researchers. The success of the CVB PM tissue biobanking program, collecting high-quality biospecimens with short PMIs, was due to support from veterinary pathologists, the competence of CVB personnel, and the continuous evolution of methods within a quality management system. Improvement of PM tissue collection programs in biobanks, with standardized practices for all processes and specialized personnel, can enhance the quality and increase utilization of its biospecimens and associated data.

Development and spread of health literacy eLearning: A partnership across Scotland and England.

With international health challenges, there are opportunities for collaboration between nations on health issues, including developing and sharing resources for teaching and learning. This article outlines collaboration across Scotland and England to develop a core resource for eLearning on health literacy. It describes the development of the resource with case studies of the implementation in Scotland and England, demonstrating the balance between shared development and tailored implementation. The eLearning was developed to increase awareness of NHS workforce and community partners, supplemented by training for NHS librarians and public health specialists to enable them to provide more tailored training on health literacy techniques.

The Experience Economy in a Wine Destination—Analysing Visitor Reviews

Wine tourism in rural territories, sometimes organised along wine routes, increasingly attracts visitors, tourism agents, wine producers and those responsible for developing rural territories. Wine tourism is located at the intersection of two distinct business sectors: the agribusiness-oriented wine production and the hedonic service/experience-oriented tourism activity. From the tourism perspective, the visitor experience is paramount and requires an understanding of its nature, conditioning factors and possible outcomes. This study analyses tourist experiences of the Bairrada wine route/Portugal, as reported by regional visitors on TripAdvisor. Results reveal not only the overall quite positive evaluation of these experiences, but also the importance of the aesthetic and educational experience dimensions, when applying Pine and Gilmore’s consumer experience framework. Diverse experience contexts contribute to a rich terroir experiencescape, where contents are far from limited to wine, wine cellars or wineries. These contexts seem to be connected distinctly to diverse experience dimensions, whose analysis should help regional developers understand the role of core resources and conditions for attracting, satisfying and delighting visitors. Additional understanding of the relationship between experience dimensions and outcomes, namely satisfaction and destination loyalty, should further help develop wine destinations more successfully.

Free2Shard

In this paper, we formulate and study a new, but basic, distributed resource allocation problem arising in scaling blockchain performance. While distributed resource allocation is a well-studied problem in networking, the blockchain setting additionally requires the solution to be resilient to adversarial behavior from a fraction of nodes. Scaling blockchain performance is a basic research topic; a plethora of solutions (under the umbrella of sharding) have been proposed in recent years. Although the various sharding solutions share a common thread (they cryptographically stitch together multiple parallel chains), architectural differences lead to differing resource allocation problems. In this paper we make three main contributions: (a) we categorize the different sharding proposals under a common architectural framework, allowing for the emergence of a new, uniformly improved, uni-consensus sharding architecture. (b) We formulate and exactly solve a core resource allocation problem in the uni-consensus sharding architecture -- our solution, Free2shard, is adversary-resistant and achieves optimal throughput. The key technical contribution is a mathematical connection to the classical work of Blackwell approachability in dynamic game theory. (c) We implement the sharding architecture atop a full-stack blockchain in 3000 lines of code in Rust -- we achieve a throughput of more than 250,000 transactions per second with 6 shards, a vast improvement over state-of-the-art.

ISO/IEC-Standards on Quality and Safety of Telehealth Services and Mobile Medical Apps.

This paper investigates consistency of ISO/IEC-standards on quality and safety of telehealth services and mobile medical apps. Since mobile medical apps are 'software as a medical device', requirements for these apps are in software standards, in particular health software standards, as well as in medical device standards. These requirements were analyzed within an analysis model that has three domains: quality and safety management, core healthcare processes and resources. Telehealth services are healthcare processes and mobile medical apps are resources. There is good alignment of the standards that pertain to quality and safety management, the healthcare processes and medical devices. However, there is a lack of alignment, consistency and transparency of the ISO/IEC-standards on quality and safety of telehealth services and mobile medical apps. An international effort to address these issues is recommended.