City Of Cordoba Research Articles

Exploring Chemical Variables in Ligustrum lucidum Ait. F. Tricolor (Rehd.) Rehd. in Relation to Air Pollutants and Environmental Conditions

/ A diagnostic study was done on Ligustrum lucidum Ait. f. tricolor (Rehd.) Rehd. in relation to atmospheric pollutants in Cordoba city, Argentina. The study area receives regional pollutants and was categorized taking into account traffic level, industrial density, type of industry, location of the sample point in relation to the street corner, treeless condition, and topographic level. Dried weight/fresh weight ratio (DW/FW) and specific leaf area (SLA) were calculated, and concentrations of chlorophylls, carotenoids, total sulfur, soluble proteins, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydroperoxy conjugated dienes (HPCD) were determined in leaf samples. Sulfur content correlates positively with traffic density and SLA correlates negatively with some combinations of the categorical variables; MDA correlates positively with topographic level and total protein concentration correlates negatively with treeless condition. On the basis of our results, traffic, location of trees, type of industry, situation of a tree with respect to others, and topographic level are the environmental variables to bear in mind when selecting analogous sampling points in a passive monitoring program. An approximation to predict tree injury may be obtained by measuring DW/FW ratio, proteins, pigments, HPCD, and MDA as they are responsible for the major variability of data.KEY WORDS: L. lucidum Ait. f. tricolor (Rehd.) Rehd.; Air pollution; Sulfur accumulation; Pigments; Urban environment; Argentina

Effects of meteorology and land use on ambient measurements of primary pollutants in C�rdoba city, Argentina

The atmospheric concentrations of several primary species: NO, NO2, NOx, CO, SO2, reactive hydrocarbons (ROG) and other 15 atmospheric and meteorological variables have been measured at several locations in Cordoba city, Argentina since June 1995. The measurements are carried out using two mobile stations to cover several important areas of Cordoba. The objective of this work is to estimate the effects of meteorology and urban structure on the air quality levels for this city using simple statistics. We analyze the correlation between primary pollutants (CO and NOx) and site locations of the air quality monitoring stations (AQMS) during the whole 1995 field campaign. In this study we take the measured data for primary pollutants and group them by location and time of the year. The results of this work may be useful to forecast air pollution episodes. Also we can get indirect information about emissions and maybe identify source characteristics. Once the influences of topography, meteorology, and land use will be fully characterized, the existing monitoring data will be used to do air quality modeling analysis and to select monitoring locations. The use of mobile stations instead of stationary ones at this stage is justified because of limited funding. Therefore, it is a valid option to decide in the future the additional instrumentation required to characterize completely the atmospheric urban area.

Viaje y peripecias de los jesuitas expulsos de América. (El Colegio de Córdoba de Tucumán)

Utilizando como fuente el diario del P. José Manuel Peramás, se narra el exilio de los jesuitas de la Provincia de Paraguay desde julio de 1767, en que tuvo lugar la ejecución del decreto de expulsión en la ciudad de Córdoba de Tucumán, hasta su llegada a la bahía de Cádiz en los primeros días de enero de 1768. El largo y penoso viaje por tierra hasta Buenos Aires, y por mar hasta Cádiz, es pormenorizadamente descrito a través del testimonio dejado por un testigo dotado de un extraordinario espíritu de observación.

Arcadia y utopías

Cuando la ciudad argentina de Córdoba no ha llegado a la degradación de otras ciudades latinoamericanas, se impone una reflexión sistemática y culta sobre su futuro, en la búsqueda de un equilibrio que amalgame las esencias históricas de la vida urbana con un porvenir que es posible y necesario prevenir.

"Ut Pictura Poesis": Artists' Status in Early Modern Cordoba

This article acknowledges the Spanish exclusion of painting from creative liberal arts requiring intellect and inspiration. It merely questions whether this attitude should be considered comprehensive of the whole of the peninsula during Golden Age. An alternative, or corollary, to the devised by historians is constructed from data collected for painters active in the southern Spanish city of Cordoba during the same period. This corollary model does not pretend to account for Spanish attitudes any more than can the existing Madrid model. It does, however, support the stated possibility that in a kingdom where unification took place as late as 1492 and where there continued to exist significant variations in language, laws, and customs among various Spanish peoples, differing perceptions of profession might coexist at a given moment. Factors accounting for a greater regard for painters in Cordoba include a cultural predisposition toward the arts promoting more positive public perceptions and attitudes, the presence of an enlightened individual able to transform public opinion on the status of painting, and concentration of artist-literati capable of commanding respect and recognition for their chosen profession.

An interdisciplinary study of urban noise pollution: part II

An interdisciplinary research in two stages was carried out in Cordoba City, Argentina, in four zones with different urban noise characteristics. First, statistical noise measurements as well as a psychosocial survey, the data which were analyzed through the Multiple Correspondence Factorial Analysis (AFCM), allowed earlier approach to the subject (Part I).’ In the second stage, reported in this paper, data from the previous one were studied in depth: 1) Through a Tri‐Dos post factorial method based on the AFCM results, profiles of people exposed to urban noise were determined; this procedure shows to be suitable for detecting risk groups in epidemiological researches; 2) A correlation analysis among noise descriptor values and loudness judgements for certain stablished periods of the day well described the performance of indices and percentiles according to the zones, although it was not possible to find an unique predictor.

Presence ofAspergillus Mich. ex Fr. in several different biotopes in Córdoba (Spain)

The medical, veterinary and saprophytic importance ofAspergillus has been acknowledged by many authors. This paper reports on the occurrence ofAspergillus species in the air and dust of Cordoba (Spain). Four studied were done: first, on the air of three rooms and the outside area of 14 homes over 2 years; second, outdoor air in the west of the central district, with three samples daily over 1 year; third, the air inside and outside four of the largest silos and commercial grain warehouses in the province, over 1 year: and fourth, the dust of 12 primary schools in Cordoba city, for two consecutive school years. For air-sampling, volumetric and gravimetric methods were used, both with a culture medium and with 20-min exposure. For dust-sampling, a customised vacuum cleaner was used; samples collected were inoculated onto Petri dishes containing culture medium. A total of 38Aspergillus species were identified (we also detected four ascosporic states). A comparison of the results obtained at each of the sampling sites was made and an analysis of variance revealed quantitatively significant differences between sampling times.

Prevalence of dental caries in elementary school children from a metropolitan area of the province of Córdoba, Argentina

The results of a dental health epidemiologic study in primary school-children (aged 6-12) attending both public (municipal and provincial) and private schools in the city of Cordoba are described. The incidence of deciduous teeth caries was from moderate to high among the 6-year-old school-children from municipal schools but it was low in the provincial and private schools (dmf-t = 4.44, 2.31 and 1.27 respectively). Among both provincial and municipal school-children the most significant component corresponded to teeth with caries and diagnosed extraction, whereas in private school-children it corresponded to filled teeth. The absence of active caries in children was 13.6% in municipal schools, 52.2% in provincial schools and 76.9% in private schools. In 12-year-old school-children, the prevalence of caries in permanent teeth was at the same low level in all schools with a DMF-T ranging from 1.85 (municipal) to 2.59 (private). In general, the need for dental treatment was considerable in all schools. It is concluded that the dental health levels achieved by municipal and provincial schools at the age of 12 must be attributed mainly to preventive measures; should children be assisted earlier, the results would be enhanced.

Behind him lay the great city of Cordoba

Behind him lay the great city of Cordoba

An interdisciplinary study of urban noise pollution

The study of life quality impairment in large urban centers due to noise as a polluting factor, involves an interdisciplinary approach. In this paper, a study carried out in four zones of Cordoba city (Argentina) is reported. The general aim was to find a suitable procedure to assess urban noise and learn how the community was affected by linking both psycho‐social and physical variables. Extensive statistical measurements of urban noise were carried out in different points of the studied zones, on work and weekend days (870 hours). The collected data were digitalized, stored on magnetic tapes and processed in the laboratory with special software. Individual interviews were carried out on 300 volunteer subjects from the four studied zones using a set of questionnaires to ask about sociodemographic, moderator and noise reaction variables. Data were analysed by means of Multiple Correspondence Factorial Analysis. Results showed that some noise descriptors obtained from the physical approach fitted the diffe...

Rewriting the “dirty war”: State terrorism reinterpreted by the press in Argentina during the transition to democracy

Abstract The Argentine press reinterpreted the period of dictatorial military rule (1976–1983) in terms of an interest in the continuity of democratic protections. La Voz del Interior, the newspaper of record in the provincial capital and second largest city of Cordoba, sought to censure, subordinate, and yet reintegrate the military within a democratic institutional ideology. This study uses discourse analysis to characterize 10 elements of a model of coverage of state‐sponsored terrorism: (1) perpetrators, (2) victims, (3) target population, (4) violence and violation, (5) motives or intentions of the perpetrators, (6) fear or terror among the populace, (7) outcomes or changes in the target population, (8) news sources, (9) remedies and projects, (10) and probable responses or appropriated uses by readers or the press. In 1985–1986, when the elected government sought to judge and castigate senior junta commanders, La Voz supported establishment continuity by legitimating societal actors, including the military, even though its members were perceived as having violated basic societal values.

HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME: EARLY RENAL LESIONS AND LATE PROGNOSIS

The histological studies and clinical histories of 60 patients with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) followed up at the Children's Hospital of Cordoba City (Argentine) between 1965-1982 were reviewed. Histological studies were performed with biopsy specimens in 54 cases and with necropsy specimens in the other 6. In all cases the studies were performed during the first four weeks of the disease. In 47 cases (78,3%) typical thrombotic microangiopatic lesions (MATR) were found, while in the another 13 cases (21,6%) the lesions were inespecific. The lesions were classified into threee groups: TYPE I: those cases with focal MATR or inespecific lesions (41,7%); TYPE II: those cases with difusse MATR (36,6%) and TYPE III: those cases with difusse MATR complicated with cortical necrosis or vascular damage (21,6%). Fourty three patients were re-examined with clinical and laborattories tests during 1983. Twenty three of them were cured while the another twenty showed some renal secuelae. Thirteen had proteinuria, two arterial hypertension and five chronic renal failure. Healing was observed in 65% of the patients with lesions TYPE I, in 34,7 of the patients with lesions TYPE II and in 0% of the patients with lesions TYPE III. The patients with lesions type I or II only showed proteinuria as renal secuelae, but those with lesions type III developed proteinuria, arterial hypertension and or chronic renal failure. We conclude that the present histopatological classification of the early renal lesions are useful in order to predict renal damage in late period of the disease. Chronic renal failure depends on the presence of cortical necrosis or vascular damage.

Control de algunas micosis del suelo que afectan los cultivos de Papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) en la Provincia de Córdoba

Potato crops (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the irrigated area surrounding the city of Cordoba, known as the Green Belt, are affected by the incidence of two soil phytopathogenic fungi: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tuberosi Sn. et H. and Rhizoctoniasolani Kuhn.

Critique of Paul B. Goodwin’s “The Central Argentine Railway and the Economic Development of Argentina, 1854-1881”

Professor Paul Goodwin argues that: the Central Argentine' Railway (CAR) was not built ahead of demand but response to clearly discerned market patterns and economic opportunity; and that of the Central's early years also provide's a test of a variant but similar theme-the railroad created demand and was a prime' mover in economic development.' His conclusions rest on a study of indicators of increased economic activity in the' 1850s and 1860s, and especially on a number of glowing descriptions of central Argentina made by contemporaries on the eve of the construction of the CAR or shortly after its arrival to the city of Cordoba. The' first conclusion is correct if the emphasis is put on economic opportunity rather than on achievement. The second of his conclusions cannot be totally supported by a detailed analysis of the Central's early years. The descriptions of Argentina made at the time of the CAR's construction must be discounted, since to some extent they reflected not what the country was like but rat-her what it was expected to become. Certainly, the shareholders of the railway did not concur in those expectations. And once the railway was in operation, the guarantee and the land grant which induced its construction gave rise to a number of problems, none' of which aided the development of the area, but led to the rescission of the guarantee in 1884. By that date, the railway could at last live up to its promise. Regarding prerailway development, consider Goodwin's statement that population had begun to move into the area between Rosario and

Eclipse of an Aristocracy: An Investigation of the Ruling Elites of the City of Cordoba.

Eclipse of an Aristocracy: An Investigation of the Ruling Elites of the City of Cordoba.

The Limits of the Melting Pot in Urban Argentina: Marriage and Integration in Córdoba, 1869-1909

A FTER their arrival in Argentine cities, both immigrants and in-migrants applied themselves to seeking their livelihoods; once they contemplated remaining in the same area, they would make additional efforts to cement their social ties to their new environment through appropriate marriages. Here we will examine a random sample of the marriages that noncordobes males contracted in the city of Cordoba between 1869 and 1909, during the period of massive immigration. We will focus on the types of brides they selected and on the degrees of social integration and mobility they achieved through marriage.' The city of Cvrdoba was selected because it has always played a crucial role in Argentine political life, it has been a focus of the nation's intellectual activity, and it constituted a central juncture between the northern and western regions and the metropolis of Buenos Aires. Furthermnore, in geographical area and population it has continually vied with the city of Rosario for second place among Argentine cities. Cordoba's size facilitates research. Documentation consulted for this study is not yet available in much larger centers,

Calidad botánica de drogas crudas comercializadas como “canchalagua” en Córdoba, Argentina.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las especies, aportar caracteres morfo-anatómicos de valor diagnóstico y establecer la legitimidad de las drogas crudas que se expenden bajo el nombre de “canchalagua”. Se analizaron 59 muestras de drogas compradas en comercios de la ciudad de Córdoba (Departamento Capital), Alta Gracia (Departamento Santa María), Villa General Belgrano y Santa Rosa de Calamuchita (Departamento Calamuchita) rotuladas con el nombre de “canchalagua”. Se determinaron los taxones que componían cada una de las muestras y se realizaron estudios morfo-anatómicos de las hojas, tallos, flores y frutos encontrados, empleando distintas técnicas de histología vegetal. Los resultados demostraron que se expenden como droga pura de “canchalagua” Scoparia montevidensis (Plantaginaceae), Schkuria pinnata (Asteraceae) y las mezclas de ambas. Se identificó también a Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae) como adulterante de Schkuria pinnata. La evaluación de calidad demostró la presencia de mezclas de especies, adulteraciones y falsificaciones, correspondiendo estos casos a muestras que no reúnen los requisitos de calidad botánica para su comercialización. Las caracterizaciones morfo-anatómicas de hojas, flores y frutos presentadas en este trabajo, aportan información de valor diagnóstico para los controles de calidad botánico de las muestras de “canchalagua”.

Inversión económica y gestión patrimonial particular entre los prebendados de la España moderna: Córdoba (1500-1800)

Se pretende a través de este artículo dar a conocer un aspecto algo descuidado tanto por la historia social como por la historia económica, el análisis de los ingresos de las élites eclesiásticas locales, elemento financiero significativo en el entorno familiar, urbano y regional. Para ello se parte del caso de la ciudad andaluza de Córdoba como objeto de estudio en el marco de la España moderna.

Observations on Tuberculosis in the City of Cordoba and Pampa De Achala, Argentina, and Minneapolis, Minnesota

SUMMARY The tuberculin test was administered to six groups of children in the Province of Cordoba, Argentina, and to a group of Minneapolis, Minnesota, children. Twelve hundred eighty-eight Argentina children and 2881 Minneapolis children were tested. In the Argentina group Koch's Old Tuberculin was used with the initial dose of 0.1 cc. of a dilution of 1:1000. For those who did not react, a second dose consisted of 0.1 cc. of a dilution of 1:100, and for those who still did not react, a third dose consisting of 0.1 cc. of a dilution of 1:10 was administered. In the Minneapolis group, the same procedure was employed except that the third dose was omitted. Among the Cordoba children the percentage of reactors to tuberculin ranged from 12.7 to 58.6, the average being 51.1. The low percentage of 12.7 was obtained among seventy-one children ranging from six to fifteen years of age, who resided in Pampa De Achala, where there is little contact with large centers of population. In the remainder of the Cordoba group the lowest percentage of reactors was 43.5. In the Minneapolis group of 2881 children, 23.1 per cent reacted definitely, and 0.6 per cent questionably to tuberculin. Among the 1288 Cordoba children, 741 had x-ray film inspection of the chest. Although no attempt was made to determine etiology from x-ray shadows, the films presented evidence of disease which was determined to be the first infection type of tuberculosis in the pneumonic stage in 6.9 per cent, and the reinfection type of pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 1.7. In 17.6 per cent, small, sharply outlined, dense shadows were seen in the pulmonary parenchyma, the hilum region, or both, which were thought to represent depositions of calcium, bone, or dense fibrous tissue. Among the 648 tuberculin reactors in the Minneapolis group the first infection type of tuberculosis in the pneumonic stage was found in 2.3 per cent. On the first examination the reinfection type of pulmonary tuberculosis was found in 0.2 per cent; however, on subsequent examinations this type of disease appeared in 1.1 per cent. Sharply outlined, small densities were seen in 21.1 per cent. Apparently the disease has the same characteristics among the children of the two nations, as they tolerate the first infection type of tuberculosis in the same manner and the reinfection type of disease is rare in this age group. The Pampa De Achala observations are unique. Here is an isolated community of families devoting their lives for the most part to the raising of sheep at an altitude of about eight thousand feet. Of 183 persons tested with tuberculin, the incidence of reactors was only 12.2 per cent among those of sixteen to twenty-five years of age. However, in the older age group, the incidence was 65.2 per cent, while the average for all ages was 32.2 per cent. Of the 116 persons in this group who had x-ray film inspection of their chests there was evidence of first infection type of tuberculosis in the pneumonic stage in 0.8 per cent, but in no individual was there any evidence whatsoever of the reinfection type of tuberculosis. Small, dense, sharply outlined shadows were present in 22.4 per cent.