Cord Blood 25-hydroxyvitamin Research Articles

Cord-blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of early-onset neonatal sepsis: a case-control study from a tertiary care center in Turkey.

Vitamin D has been linked with immunity, and the immunomodulatory role of this molecule in regulating key elements of the immune system has become an area of intense scientific investigation. We designed a case-control study to investigate whether neonates with early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) had lower levels of vitamin D. The primary exposure for the analysis in the study was the cord-blood level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Of the 2571 live births occurring during the 18-month study period, 53 infants were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with suspected EONS. After clinical and laboratory confirmation, 40 newborns with EONS and 43 controls were analyzed. Cord-blood 25(OH)D levels of infants in the study group were significantly lower than that of the control group (median 12.6 ng/mL (3.1-78.9) vs. 21 (5-118); p = 0.038, respectively). In multivariate models, a low cord-blood 25(OH)D level (<30 ng/ml) was associated with an increased risk of EONS (OR = 5.6; 95% CI = 1.3-23.5). Cord-blood 25(OH)D levels of neonates with EONS were significantly lower than that of the healthy controls, and a low level of cord-blood vitamin D was found to be associated with an increased risk of EONS. Further studies are warranted to confirm this association.

Is higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D level preventive for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants?

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) development in preterm infants. Between January 2012 and January 2013, 81 preterm infants, gestational age below 32 weeks, were prospectively enrolled into the study. Cord bloods of these newborns were tested for 25(OH)D levels. Low level was defined as ≤ 15 ng/mL (Group 1) and normal level as > 15 ng/mL (Group 2). Patients in Group 1 were also divided further into two subgroups as severe deficiency (Group 1a, ≤ 5 ng/mL) and mild deficiency (Group 1b, 5-15 ng/mL). In this study, 57 infants had low 25(OH)D levels (Group 1, median 8.0 ng/mL [interquartile range, IQR, 5-10]; Group 2, median 21 ng/mL [IQR, 19-24.7]). RDS rate was significantly higher in Group 1a (n = 18, 32.7%) and Group 1b (n = 34, 61.8%) compared with Group 2 (n = 3, 5.4%) (p = 0.001). There were no difference of having RDS between Group 1a (94.7%) and Group1b (89.5) (p = 0.512). Multivariate analysis showed that higher 25(OH)D level can be preventive for the development of RDS (odds ratio, 0.6; 95% confidence interval (0.5-0.8); p = 0.001). Lower cord blood 25(OH)D levels might be associated with increased risk of RDS in preterm infants with very low birth weight.

Cord blood 25(OH)-vitamin D deficiency and childhood asthma, allergy and eczema: the COPSAC2000 birth cohort study.

BackgroundEpidemiological studies have suggested an association between maternal vitamin D dietary intake during pregnancy and risk of asthma and allergy in the offspring. However, prospective clinical studies on vitamin D measured in cord blood and development of clinical end-points are sparse.ObjectiveTo investigate the interdependence of cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)-Vitamin D) level and investigator-diagnosed asthma- and allergy-related conditions during preschool-age.MethodsCord blood 25(OH)-Vitamin D level was measured in 257 children from the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC2000) at-risk mother-child cohort. Troublesome lung symptoms (TROLS), asthma, respiratory infections, allergic rhinitis, and eczema, at age 0–7 yrs were diagnosed exclusively by the COPSAC pediatricians strictly adhering to predefined algorithms. Objective assessments of lung function and sensitization were performed repeatedly from birth.ResultsAfter adjusting for season of birth, deficient cord blood 25(OH)-Vitamin D level (<50 nmol/L) was associated with a 2.7-fold increased risk of recurrent TROLS (HR = 2.65; 95% CI = 1.02–6.86), but showed no association with respiratory infections or asthma. We saw no association between cord blood 25(OH)-Vitamin D level and lung function, sensitization, rhinitis or eczema. The effects were unaffected from adjusting for multiple lifestyle factors.ConclusionCord blood 25(OH)-Vitamin D deficiency associated with increased risk of recurrent TROLS till age 7 years. Randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy are needed to prove causality.

Vitamin D concentration in newborn cord blood is correlated with maternal intake of supplemental vitamin D, and lower levels are associated with increased risk of the infant developing eczema

Commentary on: Jones AP, Palmer D, Zhang G, et al. Cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and allergic disease during infancy. Pediatrics 2012;130:e1128–35.[OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2] The human fetus is dependent on maternal...

Association between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and respiratory tract infections in the first 6 months of age in a Korean population: a birth cohort study (COCOA)

PurposePrevious studies suggest that the concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in cord blood may show an inverse association with respiratory tract infections (RTI) during childhood. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of 25(OH)D concentrations in cord blood on infant RTI in a Korean birth cohort.MethodsThe levels of 25(OH)D in cord blood obtained from 525 Korean newborns in the prospective COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases were examined. The primary outcome variable of interest was the prevalence of RTI at 6-month follow-up, as diagnosed by pediatricians and pediatric allergy and pulmonology specialists. RTI included acute nasopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, otitis media, croup, tracheobronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia.ResultsThe median concentration of 25(OH)D in cord blood was 32.0 nmol/L (interquartile range, 21.4 to 53.2). One hundred and eighty neonates (34.3%) showed 25(OH)D concentrations less than 25.0 nmol/L, 292 (55.6%) showed 25(OH)D concentrations of 25.0-74.9 nmol/L, and 53 (10.1%) showed concentrations of ≥75.0 nmol/L. Adjusting for the season of birth, multivitamin intake during pregnancy, and exposure to passive smoking during pregnancy, 25(OH)D concentrations showed an inverse association with the risk of acquiring acute nasopharyngitis by 6 months of age (P for trend=0.0004).ConclusionThe results show that 89.9% of healthy newborns in Korea are born with vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency (55.6% and 34.3%, respectively). Cord blood vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in healthy neonates is associated with an increased risk of acute nasopharyngitis by 6 months of age. More time spent outdoors and more intensified vitamin D supplementation for pregnant women may be needed to prevent the onset of acute nasopharyngitis in infants.

Allergic diseases of the skin and drug allergies – 2006. Cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and allergic disease during infancy

Results Maternal intake of supplemental vitamin D was significantly correlated with CB 25(OH)D3 concentration (rho = 0.244, p = 0.003) while dietary vitamin D did not influence CB levels. There was significant seasonal variation in CB 25(OH)D3 concentration suggesting that sunlight exposure was an important determinant. Lower CB vitamin D status was observed in infants that developed eczema (p = 0.018), and eczema was significantly more likely in those with concentrations 75 nmol/L (OR 2.66; 95% CI 1.24 – 5.72; p = 0.012). This association remained significant after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. The associations between CB 25(OH)D3 concentration and allergen sensitization, IgE-mediated food allergy and eczema severity (SCORAD) were not significant. Conclusions Reduced vitamin D status in pregnancy may be a risk factor for the development of eczema in the first year of life, reinforcing the need to explore the role of vitamin D exposure during development for disease prevention.

Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 and Allergic Disease During Infancy

There has been growing interest in vitamin D insufficiency as a predisposing factor for allergy development based on immunoregulatory properties and epidemiological studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between vitamin D exposure in utero and allergic outcomes in the first year of life. Cord blood (CB) vitamin D was measured in 231 high-risk infants from an Australian prospective birth cohort. CB 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25[OH]D(3)) concentration was analyzed in relation to maternal vitamin D intake and the development of infant eczema, allergen sensitization, and immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy. Maternal intake of supplemental vitamin D was significantly correlated with CB 25(OH)D(3) concentration (ρ = 0.244, P = .003), whereas dietary vitamin D did not influence CB levels. There was significant seasonal variation in CB 25(OH)D(3) concentration suggesting that sunlight exposure was an important determinant. Lower CB vitamin D status was observed in infants that developed eczema (P = .018), and eczema was significantly more likely in those with concentrations <50 nmol/L in comparison with those with concentrations ≥ 75 nmol/L (odds ratio 2.66; 95% confidence interval 1.24-5.72; P = .012). This association remained significant after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. The associations between CB 25(OH)D(3) concentration and allergen sensitization, immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy, and eczema severity (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) were not significant. Reduced vitamin D status in pregnancy may be a risk factor for the development of eczema in the first year of life, reinforcing the need to explore the role of vitamin D exposure during development for disease prevention.

Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 and Allergic Disease During Infancy

Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 and Allergic Disease During Infancy

Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and the Risk of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Early Childhood

To determine the relationship between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] concentrations and the subsequent risk of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) in the first 2 years of life. Cord blood from 206 newborns was tested for 25 (OH) D. Medical records covering the first 2 years of life were reviewed, and the diagnosis of ALRI was recorded. Sixty-two (30.1%) infants developed ALRI in their first 2 years of life, of whom 49 (79%) infants had bronchiolitis and 13 (21%) infants had pneumonia. Concentrations of 25 (OH) D were lower in infants who developed ALRI compared with those did not (p < 0.0001). Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased risk of ALRI (p = 0.000). Low cord blood 25 (OH) D levels are associated with increased risk of ALRI in the first 2 years of life.

Advances in upper airway diseases and allergen immunotherapy in 2011

The purpose of this review is to highlight recently published important articles on upper airway diseases and allergen immunotherapy. We review articles on rhinitis, sinusitis, conjunctivitis, and immunotherapy. New insights into epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy are described for each of the above diseases.

Cord-Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Respiratory Infection, Wheezing, and Asthma

CA Camargo Jr, T Ingham, K Wickens; New Zealand Asthma and Allergy Cohort Study Group. Pediatrics. 2011;127(1). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/127/1/e180 Previous studies have provided support for the role of low vitamin D levels in the increasing prevalence of asthma. This study examined the relationship between cord-blood levels of vitamin D and respiratory infection, wheezing, and asthma. Cord blood from study participants ( N = 922) was collected as part of a prospective birth cohort of 1105 children recruited by a random sample of midwives in the New Zealand Asthma and Allergy Cohort Study. Questionnaires were administered by study nurses at birth, 3 months, and 15 months and then annually between the ages of 2 and 5 years. Cord-blood 25-hydroxyvitamin …

Cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with aeroallergen sensitization in children from Tucson, Arizona

The association between vitamin D status at birth and childhood allergic outcomes is uncertain. The desert climate of Tucson offers a unique setting for studying the health effects of higher exposure to vitamin D. To assess the relationship between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and allergic outcomes through age 5 years. Cord blood 25(OH)D levels were measured in 219 participants in the Tucson Infant Immune Study, a population-based birth cohort. Plasma total IgE and specific IgE levels to 6 aeroallergens were measured at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years. Skin prick test (SPT) positivity (wheal diameter ≥ 3 mm) and physician-diagnosed active allergic rhinitis and asthma were assessed at age 5 years. Longitudinal models were used to assess the relationship between 25(OH)D and IgE levels. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship of 25(OH)D level with SPT positivity, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. The median cord blood 25(OH)D level was 64 nmol/L (interquartile range, 49-81 nmol/L). Relative to the reference group (50-74.9 nmol/L), both low (<50 nmol/L) and high (≥ 100 nmol/L) levels were associated with increased total IgE (coefficient = 0.27, P = .006 and coefficient = 0.27, P = .04, respectively) and detectable inhalant allergen-specific IgE (odds ratio = 2.4, P = .03 and odds ratio = 4.0, P = .01, respectively) through age 5 years. High 25(OH)D levels were also associated with increased SPT positivity (odds ratio = 4.0, P = .02). By contrast, the 25(OH)D level was not significantly associated with allergic rhinitis or asthma. Both low and high levels of cord blood 25(OH)D were associated with increased aeroallergen sensitization. The association between vitamin D status and actual allergic diseases merits further study.

Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Have a Non-Linear Association with Aeroallergen Sensitization Through Age 5 Years In Tucson, Arizona

Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Have a Non-Linear Association with Aeroallergen Sensitization Through Age 5 Years In Tucson, Arizona

High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Pakistani mothers and their newborns

Objective To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Pakistani parturients and their newborns and to assess the correlation between maternal and newborn serum levels of the vitamin D metabolite 25-hydroxy vitamin D3. Methods A prospective study of parturients presenting to the labor suite with a singleton pregnancy. Maternal and cord blood were collected for estimation of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3. Results In total, 89% of the gravidae were deficient in vitamin D (serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 < 30 ng/mL). There was a positive correlation between maternal and cord blood 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 levels( r = 0.68; P < 0.001). Inverse correlations were noted between cord blood 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and a longer duration of gestation ( r = − 0.33; P = 0.003) and with the newborn's birth weight ( r = − 0.23; P = 0.048). Maternal 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 levels were inversely correlated with maternal mean arterial pressure ( r = 0.029; P < 0.020). Conclusion There was a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Pakistani parturients and their newborns. There was a correlation between higher maternal vitamin D levels and lower blood pressure in the mothers.

Cord-Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Respiratory Infection, Wheezing, and Asthma

Cord-Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Respiratory Infection, Wheezing, and Asthma

Cord-Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Respiratory Infection, Wheezing, and Asthma

Higher maternal intake of vitamin D during pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of wheezing in offspring. The relationship between cord-blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and childhood wheezing is unknown. We hypothesized that cord-blood levels would be inversely associated with risk of respiratory infection, wheezing, and asthma. Cord blood from 922 newborns was tested for 25(OH)D. Parents were asked if their child had a history of respiratory infection at 3 months of age or a history of wheezing at 15 months of age and then annually thereafter. Incident asthma was defined as doctor-diagnosed asthma by the time the child was 5 years old and reported inhaler use or wheezing since the age of 4 years. The median cord-blood level of 25(OH)D was 44 nmol/L (interquartile range: 29-78). Follow-up was 89% at the age of 5 years. Adjusting for the season of birth, 25(OH)D had an inverse association with risk of respiratory infection by 3 months of age (odds ratio: 1.00 [reference] for ≥75 nmol/L, 1.39 for 25-74 nmol/L, and 2.16 [95% confidence interval: 1.35-3.46] for <25 nmol/L). Likewise, cord-blood 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with risk of wheezing by 15 months, 3 years, and 5 years of age (all P < .05). Additional adjustment for more than 12 potential confounders did not materially change these results. In contrast, we found no association between 25(OH)D levels and incident asthma by the age of 5 years. Cord-blood levels of 25(OH)D had inverse associations with risk of respiratory infection and childhood wheezing but no association with incident asthma.

Cord-Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Respiratory Infection, Wheezing, and Asthma

Cord-Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Respiratory Infection, Wheezing, and Asthma