Corchorus Capsularis Research Articles

Removal of Azo Dye from water By jute (Corchorus Capsularis) stick activated Carbon: a cost-effective ecofriendly approach

The textile industry consumes a lot of water during production and generates a massive amount of effluents, including synthetic dyes, into the environment, which raises public concern. Azo dyes that are predominantly utilized in the textile sector are regarded to offer serious health hazards. Jute sticks are a typical fuel source in Bangladeshi villages. After using jute sticks as fuel, we turn them into highly cost effective activated charcoals which are capable of removing Levafix Amber (most used azo dye) from textile effluent. In this article we reported for the first time a cost effective, ecofriendly jute stick extracted adsorbent for the removal of Levafix Amber dye from textile effluents. The most notable benefits of our approach are its low cost, simplicity, and lack of the need for costly instruments. GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 9(1), 2022 P 30-41

Development of an Agrobacterium-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system in jute (Corchorus capsularis)

Jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) is the second most important natural plant fiber source after cotton. However, developing an efficient gene editing system for jute remains a challenge. In this study, the transgenic hairy root system mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain K599 was developed for Meifeng 4, an elite jute variety widely cultivated in China. The transgenic hairy root system for jute was verified by subcellular localization and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays. The CHLOROPLASTOS ALTERADOS 1 (CcCLA1) gene, which is involved in the development of chloroplasts, was targeted for editing at two sites in Meifeng 4. Based on this hairy root transformation, the gRNA scaffold was placed under the control of cotton ubiquitin GhU6.7 and -GhU6.9 promoters, respectively, to assess the efficiency of gene editing. Results indicated the 50.0% (GhU6.7) and 38.5% (GhU6.9) editing events in the target 2 alleles (gRNA2), but no mutation was detected in the target 1 allele (gRNA1) in transgenic-positive hairy roots. CcCLA1 gene editing at gRNA2 under the control of GhU6.7 in Meifeng 4 was also carried out by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Two CcCLA1 mutants were albinic, with a gene editing efficiency of 5.3%. These findings confirm that the CRISPR/Cas9 system, incorporating promoter GhU6.7, can be used as a gene editing tool for jute.

Selection of stable housekeeping genes for qPCR in biotic and abiotic stressed jute and their application in lignin pathway analysis

This is a comprehensive examination of housekeeping gene (HKG) expression in jute (Corchorus sp.), essential for reliable qRT-PCR studies. Jute is the most abundant and vital source of bast (phloem) fibres that have diverse domestic and industrial applications. The functional analysis of genes in jute is crucial for enhancing its commercial potential and value. We specifically focused on 24 HKGs, including nine previously recommended HKGs for jute. We focused the investigation on the only two commercially cultivated species of jute—C. capsularis and C. olitorius. The jute plants were subjected to nine abiotic stresses: osmotic, salinity, low temperature, high temperature, waterlogging, ABA stress hormone, glyphosate herbicide, and heavy metals (copper and cadmium), along with a biotic stress condition—Macrophomina phaseolina (fungal) infection. After rigorous analyses using the ΔCt method, BestKeeper, geNorm, NormFinder, and RefFinder, we identified ubiquitin1 (UBI) and beta-tubulin (BTUB) as the most stable HKGs for both the jute species under various stress conditions. The gene stability of UBI and BTUB was assessed in different jute cultivars, tissues, at different developmental stages, and PCR conditions. As a case study, we investigated eight genes involved in the jute lignin pathway in a low-lignin fibre-producing white jute mutant cultivar—dlpf—compared to its control cultivar, JRC212. Our findings revealed low expression of the three genes- CcCCoAoMT2, CcC4H1, and CcCAD7 in the dlpf cultivar, promising a potential for developing low-lignin jute varieties to meet long-standing industrial demands. The jute HKG expressions under various stress conditions establish a foundation for future research for crop improvement.

O uso da Malva no Brasil

The article delves into the historical trajectory of mallow (Urena lobata L.) utilization in Brazil, a plant indigenous to the national flora and a perfect analogue to jute (Corchorus olitorius L. and Corchorus capsularis L.), an exotic plant. The objective of the article is to generate insights into the process of mallow utilization aimed at fiber production for the crafting of sacks used in packaging agricultural products, as well as for other weaving purposes. To achieve this, we analyze the historical context in which the first attempts at mallow cultivation in Brazil occurred, spanning from the late 19th century to the early decades of the 20th century. Additionally, we examine the current cultivation context of this plant, particularly in the Amazon. In this region, there is primarily the collection and/or cultivation of mallow for seed production in the northeastern region of Pará, while in the neighboring state of Amazonas, cultivation is aimed at fiber production. The methodology employed was documentary research, conducted in the archives of significant agricultural research institutions in the country. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that mallow has practically replaced jute in the Amazon, not due to disparities in the production process or the efficacy and quality of its fibers, but rather because of the abandonment of jute-related research in the region and the availability of seeds. This oversight has led to a scarcity in production and seed supply, causing riverside communities to now predominantly cultivate mallow.

Usando direitos para aprofundar a democracia

In this text we will describe the historical path of use, in Brazil, of mallow (Urena lobata L.), a plant found in the national flora that is the perfect counterpart to jute (Corchorus olitorius L. and Corchorus capsularis L.), an exotic plant. The objective of this article is to produce knowledge about the process of using mallow to produce fibers intended for making bags for packaging agricultural products, as well as for other uses in weaving. To do this, we analyzed the historical context in which the first attempts to cultivate mallow took place in Brazil, which took place between the end of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century. We also analyze the current context of cultivation of this plant, carried out in the Amazon. In this region, there is, fundamentally, the collection and/or cultivation of mallow for seed production in the northeast of Pará and, in the neighboring state of Amazonas, cultivation takes place for the production of fibers. The methodology used was documentary research, carried out in the archives of important agricultural research institutions in the country. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that mallow practically replaced jute in the Amazon, not because there were differences in the production process or in the efficiency and quality of its fibers, but rather because of the abandonment of research linked to jute in the region and seed availability. This omission led to a reduction in the production and supply of seeds, causing riverside dwellers to now almost exclusively cultivate mallow.

Modified powder of Corchorus capsularis as a new adsorbent for removal of tetracycline group antibiotic from water

AbstractThis study prepared a novel adsorbent from Corchorus capsularis modified powder for the removal of the tetracycline group (tetracycline ‐TC, oxytetracycline ‐OTC, chlortetracycline ‐CTC) in aqueous solution. Corchorus capsularis powder was pre‐treated with 15% sodium hydroxide (COC), then reformed by a mixture of 0.15 mol L−1 sodium bisulfide (SB) and 0.2 mol L−1 ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS). This adsorbent was embedded with monoacrylamide (AM) at ratio AM/COC = 1/1 at 60 °C for 2.5 h. After modification with AM (BTA), the surface area of the adsorbents increased from 1.53 to 2.79 m2 g−1, while the pore size of the adsorbents decreased from 36.95 to 11.85 nm. The study also investigated the effects of pH, adsorbent dose and temperature on the adsorptive removal process. Tetracycline concentrations were determined using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The kinetics and isotherms of adsorption performance were examined using a variety of models, including pseudo‐first‐order kinetic (PFO), pseudo‐second‐order kinetic (PSO), Freundlich, Langmuir, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms (DRM). The experimental data fitted very well with the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The maximum adsorption bulks of TC, OTC, CTC following Langmuir isotherm model were 1.25, 0.83, 1.43 mg g−1, respectively. The adsorption constants Kp of TC, OTC, and CTC from the Freundlich isotherm model were 15.36, 21.80, and 22.08 mg1−nLng−1, respectively. The mean free energy E (kJ mol−1) of TC, OTC, and CTC from DRM was 4.35, 4.20, and 4.57, respectively. The results indicated that modified Corchorus capsularis powder had significant potential as a new adsorbent material for removing antibiotics from aqueous solutions.

Transcriptome analysis revealed endophytic Beauveria bassiana triggered methyl jasmonate pathway associated with resistance against stem weevil (Apion corchori)

The fungal entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana could be established as an endophyte within jute (Corchorus capsularis) plant through seed inoculation. The highest colonization was observed in ITCC 6063 followed by ITCC 5562 and ITCC 5408 which are statistically at par (p < 0.05). The lowest apion infestation was observed in ITCC 5408, ITCC 6063, ITCC 4512 and ITCC 4563 which are statistically at par (p < 0.05). Highest apion infestation was observed in case of two non-endophytic isolates ITCC 4644 and ITCC 4925. Transcriptome study showed that a significant number of stem-weevil (Apion corchori) resistant genes involved in biosynthesis of plant volatiles viz., oxidative cleavage of fatty acids, LEGO-like building blocks, salicylic acid activation pathway, methyl jasmonic acid synthesis pathway were activated in ten B. bassiana isolate treated plants. RNA Sequencing was used to identify 1017 DEGs between ‘endophyte colonised plant’ and ‘untreated plant’. 1117 genes were up-regulated and 279 genes were down regulated in treated plant.

Identification and Expression Profiles of Auxin-Related Gene Families Involved in Fiber Development in Jute (Corchorus capsularis)

Identification and Expression Profiles of Auxin-Related Gene Families Involved in Fiber Development in Jute (Corchorus capsularis)

Evaluation of the durability of cementicious composites reinforced with natural vegetable fibers from the Amazon

The study of the use of plant fibers as reinforcement for cementitious composites has become increasingly common in recent years, thanks to the advancement of technologies and the demand for innovative and sustainable materials. In the Amazon, this resource is widely found and used for different applications, and the present work is interested in evaluating the use of these fibers as structural reinforcement of cement slabs. The mechanical and durability properties of cementitious composites reinforced with a content of 5% vegetable fibers from jute (Corchorus capsularis) and mallow (Urena lobata L.) were investigated. The objective was to evaluate the quality and performance of these fibers as reinforcement of cementitious plates for a possible use of these composites in Civil Construction. Spreading and thermogravimetry tests were carried out on the matrix and tensile tests in flexion at 4 points on the composites. The results obtained indicated that the fibers provided an increase in the flexural strength and toughness of the composites, as well as the use of metakaolinite as a pozzolanic material, contributed to increasing the durability of these composites, indicating a great possibility of using them in structural and semi-structural applications.

A Comprehensive Investigation of Woolenization Process Effect on Jute Yarn Quality

Jute, a renowned biodegradable and sustainable textile fibre, plays a pivotal role in environmentally conscious textile production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the woolenization process on the qualitative attributes of jute yarn, such as yarn evenness, and tensile and functional properties, with a special focus on the development of wool-like properties. Yarn samples were meticulously prepared from white jute fibre, categorized into three distinct count groups (C8, C10, and C12), and subjected to four treatment categories: untreated (U), woolenized (W), bleached (B), and dyed (D). The results showed that the woolenization process impoverished yarn evenness, with a significant 15.2% increase in CVm for WC8, 74% and 88.6% increase in Thin (-50%)/Km and Thick (+50%)/Km, respectively, for WC10. For tensile properties, a 27% reduction in tenacity and 176.5% remarkable elongation improvement were noted for samples WC10 and WC12, respectively. Furthermore, the development of wool-like properties was noteworthy in functional properties, including a 38.8% increase in Specific Volume Index (SVI), and a 12.8% reduction in moisture content was marked for WC8. The woolenization process also had an adverse effect on jute yarn count and quality ratio, with a deterioration of 12.5% and 32.2% marked for sample WC10, respectively. The results suggest that the bleaching process performed after woolenization negatively impacts yarn evenness. However, dyeing after woolenization and bleaching can enhance overall yarn quality. The outcome of this study will promote the use of natural fibre, and jute over synthetic and natural wool fibres.

Modelling and analysis of jute fiber reinforced epoxy composite in the development of wind blade for low intensity winds

Natural fibers show an increasing potential as reinforcement of polymeric composites, representing a promising concurrent to glass and carbon fibers extensively used in the construction of wind turbine blades synthetic fibers recyclability/disposability and high production energy cost have already been discussed in the main turbine producing centres. In particular, the development of wind turbines for low wind speed areas can increase the energy generation potential of regions not originally eligible for the installation of large turbines. This study proposes the evaluation of the use of jute fiber (Corchorus capsularis) reinforced epoxy composite in the construction of S1210 airfoil profile, of a small-scale wind turbine for low wind speed regions, considering the structural parameters, developed incorporating the Classical Laminate Theory (CLT) and Extended Bredt-Batho Shear Flow Theory (EBSFT).In order to raise the elastic properties and enable the use of the failure criteria, the composite blades were characterized according to ASTM standards. The mechanical properties surveyed, together with the elastic parameters of the cross section, torsional stiffness, axial stiffness, GJ 1873.6 N m2, EI 9.47 × 104 N m2, and flexural rigidity, Ely 4.97 × 104 N m2, Elz 1.45 × 106 N m2, respectively, demonstrated the feasibility of using the jute fiber reinforced epoxy composite in the blade construction, evaluated according to the maximum tension failure criterion.

Pyramided transgenic jute (Corchorus capsularis) with biotic stress resistance and herbicide tolerance

Jute (Corchorus sp.) is a commercially important bast (stem) fibre–producing crop. The natural, long, lustrous, and strong jute fibres are globally popular for their domestic and industrial utility. Unfortunately, jute fibre production is under continuous threat from three major agricultural challenges: insect infestation (predominantly lepidopteran insects), fungal infection, and weed management issues. Creating jute plants that could themselves overcome these three challenges would be spectacular. Hence, multi–trait transgenic lines were developed by incorporating three genes—cry1Ab/Ac (encodes Bt δ–endotoxin for Lepidopteran insect resistance), chi11 (encodes chitinase for fungus resistance), and bar (encodes phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT) for glufosinate herbicide tolerance)—into the white jute (C. capsularis) cultivar JRC–321 through Agrobacterium–mediated co–transformation. A bioassay–based event selection strategy was applied for the selection of the transformed jute lines. Each plant was tested through consecutive bioassays involving herbicide, insects, and fungus, followed by molecular and biochemical validation. The functions of the three genes, incorporated in the greenhouse–grown transgenic progeny plants, were confirmed for every generation (till the T2 generation). The plants were able to detoxify the glufosinate herbicide Basta®, resist the two devastating lepidopteran pests tested: hairy caterpillars (Spilarctia obliqua) and semiloopers (Anomis sabulifera), and recover from the stem rot–causing fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina, without compromising agronomic characteristics or fibre quality. The white jute lines thus developed may be effectively used to increase the production of quality jute fibres, meet local and global demands, and minimise input cultivation costs.

Resequencing of white jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) provides insights into genome diversity, population historical dynamics, and improvement

Jute is an important natural fibre crop which provides most of the global bast fibre production annually. However, little progress has been made regarding its genomic diversity, historical population dynamics, origins, and improvement. In this study, we re-sequenced 150 accessions of white jute from 9 countries, further studied the genetic diversity, population dynamics, and improvement, and obtained a total of 3269,808 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and 1179,601 insertions/deletions(InDels). Based on these markers, 150 accessions were classified into 2 clades: landraces and modern cultivars. Notably, the modern cultivars were partly classified into two offspring groups: one group developed from “D154,” an important Indian variety, and another from “Xin Xuan 1 hao,” a Chinese cultivar. The genetic diversity (π) was estimated for landrace and cultivars at 0.334 × 10−3 and 0.279 × 10−3, which was considerably lower than that for Corchorus olitorius, suggesting that C. capsularis is subject to a stronger breeding selection during improvement than C. olitorius. A total of 12 candidate genes related to improvement were identified by analyzing π and fixation index(FST). Three of the 12 genes may be involved in the methylation and demethylation processes, which can be integrated into an environmentally sensitive molecular engine that promotes rapid improvement. Analysis of population historical dynamics for C. capsularis showed that the population sizes for landraces and modern cultivars went through 3 bottlenecks. The first bottleneck may be due to climate change whereas the last two may be affected by human activities and war. Our results provide new insights into C. capsularis genome variation, phylogenetic relationships, and improvement, helping understand the genetic basis of crucial agronomic traits and facilitating future molecular breeding for jute.

Endophytic bacteria improve jute growth through induction of phytohormones-related gene expression

Plants coexist with complex populations of microorganisms, including Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR bacteria help in plant development by secreting numerous plan growth-promoting compounds like IAA, gibberellin, siderophore, and cytokinin. They also provide resistance to plants against different pathogens. Jute fibre is the second most important fibre next to cotton, obtained from the bark of plant through microbial retting process. Hence, increased plant growth means increased bark i.e., increased fibre. This study aims to identify the molecular, physiological and growth promotion characteristics of non-rhizobial bacterial specie from the surface-sterilized root of healthy and biotic stressed (nematode-infested) jute (Corchorus capsularis; Corchorus olitorius and an advanced variety of C. olitorius, Robi-1). We have identified 62 culturable bacterial isolates from healthy and nematode-infected jute plant using bacterial 16S rDNA sequencing. All the isolates were distributed to Bacillus, Staphylococcus and Ensifer genera, respectively. B. cereus, S. hominis and a consortium increased the growth phenotype (Root length, shoot length, germination rate, root and shoot biomass) of C. capsularis (CVL-1), C. olitorius (O-9897), and an advanced variety of C. olitorius (Robi-1), respectively. Increased expression (qRT-PCR analysis) of growth hormones GA-20 and GA-03 oxidase corroborates plant growth induction by increased production of the growth hormone gibberellin. Taken together, our results suggest that plant-growth promotion by endophytic bacteria may involve the increased expression of growth hormone gibberellin and nutrient uptake. B. cereus and S. hominis having plant growth-promoting traits could be useful in sustainable agriculture practice.

Trap crop selection and economic threshold based ecological management of Spilosoma obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) for sesame

The stage-specific life table and nutritional ecology of a Spilarctia obliqua (Walker) along with respective economic thresholds (ETs) on four different crops such as sesame (Sesamum indicum), castor (Ricinus communis), jute (Corchorus capsularis) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) were studied during 2020-2022. The feeding and population dynamics of S. obliqua were significantly affected by the hosts in terms of host suitability or susceptibility (sunflower&gt;jute&gt;castor&gt;sesame). The ET of S. obliqua on sesame (40.59±2.12 pests m-2 area) was significantly (F3,8=4.72, P=0.031) higher than the other crops (sunflower&lt;jute&lt;castor). Subsequently, the three most suitable hosts (sunflower&gt; jute&gt;castor) were tested in a multi trap cropping system for sesame as main crop in a specific pattern depending on respective susceptibility. Data from the model trap cropping (without pesticide) supported minimum infestation of S. obliqua and other pests along with more predators on sesame with higher benefit cost ratio (BCR) and more (11.82%) carbon sequestration (CS) in same area relative to monoculture (with pesticide) of sesame. It supports pesticide free high production and better CS than sole culture of sesame for climate smart agriculture.

Identification and characterization of the LDAP family revealed GhLDAP2_Dt enhances drought tolerance in cotton.

Lipid droplet-associated proteins (LDAPs) play essential roles in tissue growth and development and in drought stress responses in plants. Cotton is an important fiber and cash crop; however, the LDAP family has not been characterized in cotton. In this study, a total of 14, six, seven, and seven genes were confirmed as LDAP family members in Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium raimondii, Gossypium arboreum, and Gossypium stocksii, respectively. Additionally, expansion in the LDAP family occurred with the formation of Gossypium, which is mirrored in the number of LDAPs found in five Malvaceae species (Gossypioides kirkii, Bombax ceiba, Durio zibethinus, Theobroma cacao, and Corchorus capsularis), Arabidopsis thaliana, and Carica papaya. The phylogenetic tree showed that the LDAP genes in cotton can be divided into three groups (I, II, and III). The analysis of gene structure and conserved domains showed that LDAPs derived from group I (LDAP1/2/3) are highly conserved during evolution, while members from groups II and III had large variations in both domains and gene structures. The gene expression pattern analysis of LDAP genes showed that they are expressed not only in the reproductive organs (ovule) but also in vegetative organs (root, stem, and leaves). The expression level of two genes in group III, GhLDAP6_At/Dt, were significantly higher in fiber development than in other tissues, indicating that it may be an important regulator of cotton fiber development. In group III, GhLDAP2_At/Dt, especially GhLDAP2_Dt was strongly induced by various abiotic stresses. Decreasing the expression of GhLDAP2_Dt in cotton via virus-induced gene silencing increased the drought sensitivity, and the over-expression of GhLDAP2_Dt led to increased tolerance to mannitol-simulated osmotic stress at the germination stage. Thus, we conclude that GhLDAP2_Dt plays a positive role in drought tolerance.

Comparative transcriptomics discovers the genetic basis of contrasting waterlogging tolerance between two cultivated jute species

Farmers prefer dark jute (Corchorus olitorius var. O-9897) to white jute (Corchorus capsularis var. CVL-1) because dark jute produces more bast fiber and has greater fiber strength. Crossing incompatibility between these two jute species is the main genetic barrier to transfer waterlogging-tolerant capability from white jute to dark jute. So, to develop a waterlogging-tolerant dark jute variety, gene(s) of interest for certain morphological, anatomical, and physiological features must be transferred from white jute to dark jute without the use of traditional crossing techniques. Therefore, we investigated the comparative gene expressions of CVL-1 and O-9897 tap roots using RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR techniques as well as observed the morphological, histological and physiological behavior under waterlogging treatments. CVL-1 develops schizogenous aerenchyma for oxygen storage, as well as vascular tissues in its adventitious roots for moving water and nutrients from the water solution to the stem, which keeps its tap root less active and so saves more energy in its tap roots. O-9897, on the other hand, degrades its adventitious roots with lysigenous aerenchyma, which results in the formation of no vascular tissues. Thus, O-9897 solely uses its adventitious roots for oxygen storage, while its tap roots are used for water and nutrient transfer, resulting in constant energy depletion in O-9897 tap roots. Consequently, CVL-1 can maintain its normal growth and O-9897 diminishes its bast fiber yield with the lack of energy. The key genes involved in the biogenesis of energy and phytohormones have been more inducing in CVL-1 than O-9897. ATP-producing glycolytic enzyme, phosphoglycerate kinase (CCACVL1_10615) showed remarkable upregulation in CVL-1 while missing in O-9897, playing a vital role in CVL-1 waterlogging tolerance. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of waterlogging tolerance in white jute, which can be applied to the development of waterlogging-tolerant dark jute varieties in the future.

UV–Visible–NIR camouflage textiles with natural plant based natural dyes on natural fibre against woodland combat background for defence protection

Woodland combat background (CB) is a common source of natural plant based natural dyes (NPND). Swietenia Macrophylla, Mangifera Indica, Terminalia Arjuna, Corchorus Capsularis, Camellia Sinensis, Azadirachta Indica, Acacia Acuminata, Areca Catechu and Cinnamomum Tamala were dried-grinded-powdered-extracted-polyaziridine encapsulated-dyed-coated-printed with leafy design on cotton fabric and tested against woodland CB under the reflection engineering of ultraviolet (UV)–visible (Vis)–near infrared (NIR) spectrums and photographic versus chromatic techniques of Vis imaging. The reflection properties of NPND treated and untreated cotton fabric were experimented by UV–Vis–NIR spectrophotometer from 220 to 1400 nm. Six segments of field trialling for NPND treated woodland camouflage textiles were also investigated for concealment, detection, recognition and identification of target signature against forest plants/herbs species; common tree of woodland CB such as Shorea Robusta Gaertn, Bamboo Vulgaris, Musa Acuminata; and a wooden bridge made by Eucalyptus Citriodora & Bamboo Vulgaris. The imaging properties such as CIE L*, a*, b* and RGB (red, green, blue) of NPND treated cotton-garments were captured by digital camera from 400 to 700 nm against tree stem/bark, dry leaves, green leaves and dry wood of woodland CB. Therefore, a colorful matching for concealment, detection, recognition and identification of target signature against woodland CB was verified by Vis camera imaging and UV–Vis–NIR reflection mechanism. UV-protection property of Swietenia Macrophylla treated cotton fabric was also investigated by diffuse reflection for defence clothing. Simultaneous ‘camouflage textiles in UV–Vis–NIR’ and ‘UV-protective’ property of Swietenia Macrophylla treated fabric have been investigated for NPND materials-based textiles coloration (dyeing-coating-printing) which is a new concept for camouflage formulation of NPND dyed-NPND mordanted-NPND coated-NPND printed textiles in terms of ecofriendly source of woodland camouflage materials. Therefore, technical properties of NPND materials and methodologies of camouflage textile assessment have been advanced in addition to coloration philosophy of natural dyed-coated-printed textiles.

An analysis of the chemical and morphological properties of brazilian jute plant fiber (Corchorus capsularis): the Amazon fiber

In recent years, the development of new composites has increased a lot, especially those that use plant fibers as reinforcement material. A critical feature for this type of application is how these fibers behave in relation to temperature variation. In this sense, this research stands out among other thermodynamic studies carried out with jute vegetable fiber (Corchorus capsularis) natural from the Amazon region. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the thermal behavior of the mentioned fiber, through the loss of its mass until the decomposition of its structural components (natural moisture, hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin and its residual substances) when subjected to temperatures up to 900°C. Vegetable fibers have a high sensitivity to environmental effects, such as temperature variations and humidity itself. The sample preparation phase for the fiber under analysis was also addressed in this study, and it was found that different preparation techniques can have a direct impact on the results of the experiments.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of MYB transcription factors involved in fiber formation in white jute (Corchorus capsularis)

MYB transcription factors (TFs) are vital players in various plant biochemical and physiological processes. To date, MYB TFs have been comprehensively investigated in numerous plant species. Corchorus capsularis is one of the most important fiber crops worldwide. However, systematic investigation of the MYB TFs in C. capsularis remains elusive, which limits our insights into the contribution of MYB TFs regulating numerous biochemical processes such as anthocyanin accumulation and physiological processes (Color, growth, etc.) in this crop. Therefore, this study systematically investigated MYB genes comprising the gene structure, phylogeny, chromosomal locations, protein motifs, expression patterns, protein-protein interaction, and collinearity analysis. A total of 88 Corchorus capsularis R2R3-MYB (CcMYB) genes were characterized and distributed on seven chromosomes. The collinearity study revealed that the segmental duplication events were responsible for the enlargement of CcMYB genes. The highest syntenic relationship was observed between CcMYB genes (70/88) and Gossypium hirsutism genes. Further, phylogenetic tree analysis classified the 88 CcMYBs into 25 subgroups based on domain similarity and phylogenetic topology. Furthermore, the phylogenetic investigation of CcMYBs and Arabidopsis MYBs displayed the functional discrepancy of the CcMYB genes throughout evolution. Changes in anthocyanin content were observed among white jute’s stem bark tissues, which may be due to their different colors. Expression study of 11 CcMYB genes in total by real-time quantitative PCR revealed the diverse expression profiles in various tissues organs and functional predictions found that some CcMYBs might be associated with stem bark color and anthocyanin content, cellulose, and lignin biosynthesis. Co-expression interaction analysis showed that CcMYB genes could be involved in physiological, biological, and molecular processes. Our study provides comprehensive details on MYB genes and contributes to a better understanding of their functions in Corchorus capsularis.