Coping Questionnaire Research Articles

Psychological distress and coping strategies among Indonesian psychologists during the COVID-19 pandemic: a two-wave cross-lagged study

ABSTRACT Background: Psychologists play a crucial role in providing essential psychological aid to individuals navigating the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, studies focusing on the mental health of psychologists during the COVID-19 pandemic remain scarce. This study investigates the interaction between coping strategies and psychological distress among a group of Indonesian psychologists. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted over two-time points in 2021, with data collected from April 29 to June 23 and again from September 1 to October 23. A total of ninety-seven psychologists, predominantly female (91 out of 97), participated. The data was collected through an online survey, where participants completed the Indonesian version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Brief COPE questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to perform cross-lag analyses on the data. Results: The findings revealed that adaptive coping strategies were strong predictors of continued use of adaptive coping strategies six months later, while existing psychological distress strongly predicted future distress. Notably, maladaptive coping strategies demonstrated a similar pattern, predicting the continued use of maladaptive coping techniques over time, but they were also consistently associated with psychological distress across both time points, though they did not significantly predict future psychological distress. Discussion: These findings shed light on the dynamic nature of coping strategies and psychological distress among psychologists, presenting significant implications for their support systems and mental health during the challenges posed by the pandemic. Future studies should focus on how psychologists can reduce maladaptive coping strategies to be better equipped to handle very stressful situations such as a pandemic. Additionally, researchers should explore effective interventions and programs that can be implemented to enhance adaptive coping mechanisms, ultimately improving overall psychological resilience and well-being during crises.

Strengths Knowledge Defend Against Depression: The Contribution of University Students' Family Functioning During COVID-19.

Background: Strengths knowledge refers to individuals' perceptions and recognition of their strengths, and is recognized for its protective role in mental health. Family functioning provides certain environmental conditions for the healthy development of family members in physical, psychological, and social aspects, particularly during stressful periods such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It also plays an important role in youth's ability to cope with stressful situations. This study aimed to explore the mediating effect of coping strategies and the moderating role of family functioning on the relationship between strengths knowledge and depressive symptoms among university students. Methods: A survey was administered to 1372 university students aged 16-22 years, using the Strengths Knowledge Scale (SKS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ), and the general functioning scale. Mediation and moderated mediation effects were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Results: Strengths knowledge was significantly negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. Both positive and negative coping strategies partially mediated the relationship between them, and family functioning moderated this relationship. Family functioning moderates the relationship between strengths knowledge and negative coping strategies but not between strengths knowledge and positive coping strategies, and it also moderates the relationship between positive and negative coping strategies and depression. Conclusions: The significant contributions of both strengths knowledge and family functioning in defending against youth depression highlight the necessity for interventions that enhance these factors to protect mental health, particularly during pandemic period and other crises.

A cross-sectional study on posttraumatic growth and influencing factors among parents of premature infants

ObjectivePreterm birth is a significant public health concern that negatively affects parents’ mental health. Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is a positive response to trauma that can effectively help parents cope with the stress of preterm birth. However, few studies have investigated PTG among parents with preterm infants. This study aimed to examine the level and influencing factors of PTG among parents with preterm infants and to explore its relationship with social support coping styles.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 parents of premature infants in a hospital in Shenzhen, China, from May 2022 to August 2022. Parents’ demographic information and birth-related characteristics were collected through a self-designed general information questionnaire. PTG was assessed using the Chinese version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). Social support and coping style were measured using the Social Support Scale(SSS) and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire(WCQ). Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between PTGI and WCQ and SSS .A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore independent influencing factors of PTG.ResultsThe parents had an average PTG score of 66.41 ± 10.37, with 81.11% having a low and medium level of PTG. The total score of coping style of parents of premature infants was (34.28 ± 4.97) points, which was in the middle and upper level; the total score of social support of parents of premature infants was (14.28 ± 4.97) points, which was in the middle level. In addition, older gestational age at birth (B = 2.396, P < 0.001) ,higher Apgar score at 5 min at birth (B = 2.117, P = 0.023), positive coping style (B = 0.850, P < 0.001), and higher social support score (B = 1.978, P < 0.001) were associated with higher PTG scores.ConclusionParents of preterm infants have low to medium levels of PTG, indicating much room for improvement. Older gestational age, higher Apgar score at five minutes at birth, positive coping styles, and high levels of social support were associated with higher PTG levels. Our findings provide helpful guidance for the development of effective and targeted intervention programs to improve parents’ PTG and well-being.

Reliability test and revision of stress coping scale for early childhood teachers.

The purpose of this research was to determine the reliability and validity of the Early Childhood Teachers' Stress Coping Strategies Scale measured among early childhood teachers in Guangdong Province, China. The researcher used the Early Childhood Teachers' Stress Coping Strategies Scale and a simplified version of the COPE questionnaire (Coping Inventory). The Early Childhood Teachers' Stress Coping Strategies Scale consists of three dimensions: "Rational Thinking," "Emotional Regulation," and "Support Seeking," and the simplified COPE questionnaire was consists of 2 dimensions: "Help Seeking" and "Cognitive Coping." The scale was administered to 653 in-service ECE teachers and retested with a sample of 320 ECE teachers 1 month later. The internal consistency coefficient (ICC) of the questionnaire as a whole was 0.91, the internal consistency reliabilities of the 3 subscales ranged from 0.86-0.91, and the ICC values of the intragroup correlation coefficients of the latent variables ranged from 0.864-0.881, with a p < 0.05, which showed good reliabilities. Validity: exploratory factor analysis extracted a total of three factors with characteristic roots greater than 1. The three factors were denominated as, Rational Thinking, Emotion Regulation, and Support Seeking, and the three factors explained a total of 53.82% of the variance. The validation factor analysis showed that the model fit indices were GFI > 0.85, CFI > 0.9, NFI > 0.85, TLI > 0.9, IFI > 0.9, RMSEA<0.10, and RMR = <0.05, which indicated that the coping strategy scale with a good structural stability. Among the three-factor model, the discriminant and convergent validity of the three factors were reasonable. The correlation coefficients of rational thinking, emotion regulation, and support seeking with the two dimensions of help-seeking and cognitive coping in the COPE questionnaire were significantly positive and greater than 0.4, indicated that the correlation between this scale and the standardized scales was high. Overall, the Early Childhood Teachers' Stress Coping Strategies Scale could be used for the measurement of early childhood teachers' stress coping strategies.

Biomarkers of burnout and their relationship with psychological characteristics in healthcare practitioners

Background — The goal of this study was to investigate how biomarkers can be indicators of burnout in healthcare workers and what is the relationship between these biomarkers and psychological characteristics. Material and Methods — A total of 96 doctors and nurses from different clinics in Irkutsk were surveyed. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Ware et al. 12-item Short-Form of the Medical Outcomes Study (SF-12), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Ways of Coping questionnaire, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) were employed. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), melatonin, serotonin, dopamine and cortisol were used as biomarkers. Results — We established that doctors and nurses diagnosed with high-level burnout had higher concentrations of DHEA-S and cortisol in their saliva. Salivary cortisol and DHEA-S were associated with levels of depressive symptoms. Relationships were found between various biomarkers (melatonin, DHEA-S) and factors that prevent the development of stress. Such productive coping strategies as Planful Problem-Solving or components of mindfulness capable of reducing stress severity were negatively associated with the circadian rhythm regulator (melatonin) and DHEA-S. Presumably, psychological regulation can reduce objective stress rather than subjectively experienced stress alone. Conclusion — Doctors and nurses with high burnout levels have high concentrations of DHEA-S and cortisol. Accordingly, these biomarkers can be considered as indicators of burnout. In addition, coping strategies and mindfulness components were identified that are associated with stress biomarkers and, presumably, can help reduce not only subjectively experienced stress, but also objective stress.

Генотипы полиморфных локусов генов BDNF и COMT как факторы индивидуальных различий совладающего интеллекта

&lt;p&gt;The study aims to clarify the role of the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene in individual differences of coping intelligence. Coping intelligence is defined as a person's ability to productively resolve stressful situations while maintaining health potential and increasing the person's development potential. Variability of coping is considered as a manifestation of individual differences in coping intelligence. The study involved respondents aged 25 to 54 years (N=251; M=35.82; SD=9.50; 46% male). The Coping Questionnaire (ACS) adjusted for an adult sample was used. Evidence is provided for the reliability of the ACS questionnaire and the stability of the three-factor structure of coping styles for an adult sample. The BDNF genotype (rs6265) and the COMT genotype (rs4680) were identified at the Scientific Center for Molecular Genetic Research &amp;ldquo;DNKOM Laboratory&amp;rdquo;. The results obtained indicate a significant difference in the severity of unproductive coping &amp;ldquo;Tension Reduction&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Distraction&amp;rdquo; coping depending on the COMT genotype: the highest in individuals with the G/A genotype, the least in individuals with the G/G genotype. The same frequency of using the copings &amp;ldquo;Tension Reduction&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Distraction&amp;rdquo; is observed in people with the Val/Val and Val/Met genotypes of the BDNF gene, regardless of the genotypes of the COMT gene. But in the case of the Met/Met genotype of the rs6265 polymorphic locus of the BDNF gene, a so-called &amp;ldquo;splitting&amp;rdquo; is observed: an increase in unproductive copings &amp;ldquo;Tension Reduction&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Distraction&amp;rdquo; in individuals with the G/A genotype of the rs4680 polymorphic locus of the COMT gene and a decrease these copings in individuals with the G/G genotype. No differences were found in relation to other coping measures, which requires the use of a wider range of genetic markers to describe individual differences in the manifestation of coping intelligence.&lt;/p&gt;

Risk behaviors in university students: A study on the influence of stress and coping strategies

The study examines the relationship between risk behaviors, stress, and coping strategies among Peruvian university students, highlighting the importance of these variables in their well-being. The sample consisted of 581 university students (ages 17 to 45). The instruments included: “Stress Scale for Transmissible Diseases”, “Stress Coping Questionnaire”, and an ad hoc questionnaire to assess risk behaviors. Results indicate that the most frequent risk behavior was not wearing a seatbelt (65%), followed by alcohol consumption (64.1%). Additionally, 25.7% reported high levels of stress, and the most used coping strategies were avoidance and seeking social support. Regression analysis shows that problem-focused coping and being employed are associated with a reduction in risk behaviors, whereas open emotional expression and being male increase the likelihood of engaging in such behaviors. In conclusion, the study underscores the need to implement specific interventions that promote effective coping strategies and reduce health risk factors.

Exploring outside-in empowerment approach to improve the family's ability to manage schizophrenia disorder

Families often encounter a sense of despair and exhibit diminished capability when providing care for schizophrenia patients, predominantly due to restricted knowledge and lack of formal training and support. Existing strategies to empower families have been insufficient in effectively dealing with schizophrenia care. This study objective was to explore the relationship between family knowledge, coping skills, and interaction within the framework of outside-in empowerment and their ability to care for individuals with schizophrenia. This explanatory research utilizes a cross-sectional design and involves a sample of 135 families, acting as caregivers for schizophrenia patients, selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Regarding outside-in empowerment, knowledge is evaluated using a questionnaire developed from the concept of schizophrenia care, coping skills are measured using the Family Coping Questionnaire (FCQ), and family interaction is assessed through the Brief Family Relationship Scale (BFRS). The family's ability to manage schizophrenia is gauged using the Barthel Index and the Caregiving Tasks in Caring for an Adult with Mental Illness Scale (CTiCAMIS). All of the questionnaire has been tested for validity and reliability.The data analysis involves multiple linear regression at a 95% significance level.

Comparing the effects of smartphone-based and face-to-face education on the quality of life and coping skills among patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial.

The plethora of troublesome signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) reduces patients' quality of life (QOL) and coping skills. Face-to-face (F2F) education is effective and practical as it allows for more engagement and active learning. The use of mobile health technology to enhance health is now an excellent potential to establish a more efficient health system. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a self-care program using two smartphone-based education and F2F education on the QOL and coping skills of people with MS. This research study was a clinical trial enrolling 60 patients with MS in a hospital in Iran. They were randomly assigned into two groups. The Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale 29 (MSIS-29) questionnaire and the Multiple Sclerosis Coping Questionnaire (MSCQ) scale were employed to assess the QOL and coping skills, respectively. The training sessions were provided in the form of F2F sessions and an application installed on patients' mobile phones in the smartphone-based education group. Independent-samples t-test, paired-samples t-test, and chi-square were employed to analyze data via Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20. The results indicated that both F2F and smartphone-based education groups had a significant impact on their mean scores of the QOL (P < 0.001) and coping skills (P < 0.001) pre- and post-intervention. However, there was no significant difference seen between the two educational groups of the QOL (P = 0.23) and coping skills (P = 0.06) post-intervention. A comparison of the two groups revealed that both educational methods had the same effect on coping skills and QOL in MS patients. Thus, it can be stated that smartphone-based education can be a good alternative to traditional patient education.

Психологические особенности проявления посттравматического стрессового расстройства у мирного населения региона, подвергшегося локальным военным действиям (на примере г. Мариуполь)

&lt;p&gt;The work aims to study the relationship between the level of risk of PTSD, coping strategies, psychological defense mechanisms and other manifestations of personality traits. Materials from an empirical study conducted on a sample of students at the Mariupol State University named after A.M. Kuindzhi are presented. &lt;strong&gt;Sample.&lt;/strong&gt; The study involved 99 respondents aged 18&amp;ndash;35 years, with data from a female subgroup of 90 individuals, averaging 21.09 years old. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt; used included the Trauma Screening Questionnaire for screening post-traumatic stress disorder, the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) adapted in Russian by L.I. Wasserman and the Self-Report of Defense Styles questionnaire by M. Bond, adapted in Russian by E.E. Tunik. Additionally, the Scale of Reactive and Personal Anxiety by C.D Spielberger was used in its Russian-language adaptation by Y.L. Hanin, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh Questionnaire for Determining the Sleep Quality Index (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), Spiegel Scale of Subjective Sleep Characteristics (Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale, MOS-SS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale author&amp;rsquo;s questionnaire. &lt;strong&gt;Results.&lt;/strong&gt; The results obtained allow us to say that a high risk of PTSD development is related to the coping strategy &amp;ldquo;escape&amp;ndash;avoidance&amp;rdquo;, maladaptive personality defenses, and subjective sleep disorders, such as nightmares and insomnia.&lt;/p&gt;

Development of adaptive coping strategies of students in a university setting (on the example of the Educational and Practical Center for Conflict Resolution of Southwestern State University)

The purpose of the study. A significant task today is to increase the socio-psychological well-being of students in a university setting. Due to the increased intensity of educational activity, its complexity, and multitasking, the mental stress of students is increasing. Significant stress factors are the new social situation of development; the situation of external assessment in the process of intellectual tests; individual and personal characteristics of participants in educational relations; students' concerns about the ability to cope with educational tasks.The purpose of our work is to explore the possibilities of using the potential of the Educational and Practical Conflict Resolution Center of Southwestern State University for the development of adaptive coping strategies of students.In our work, we investigated the preferred coping strategies of students, offered recommendations for creating psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of students' coping strategies that contribute to successful adaptation to the conditions.Methods. Theoretical and methodological analysis of scientific sources on the research problem was used in the work; empirical research methods: testing using the following techniques: "Questionnaire of coping methods" by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman (Ways of Coping Questionnaire – WCQ), adapted by the Bekhterev National Research Institute; "Coping behavior in stressful Situations" by N. Endler, J. Parker.Results. In the process of empirical research, it was revealed that the most characteristic for students in a stressful situation is coping, focused on avoidance, which manifests itself in distraction. That is, a significant number of students prefer not to solve the problem, but to distract themselves from it by other activities.Among the methods of coping behavior, "escape-avoidance" is pronounced, which most researchers consider to be maladaptive. Coping strategies "distancing" and "positive reassessment" are significantly expressed, which are aimed not at solving the problem, but at reducing emotional involvement in it, preventing emotional reactions to frustration.Conclusion. Thus, there is an obvious need for students to develop problem-oriented coping strategies. In particular, the strategies of "self-control" and "solution planning", which will help students direct their efforts to a rational solution of the problem.

Posttraumatic growth in young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer: Application of the self-regulation model.

The rising incidence of cancer has led to an increased number of adult children impacted by parental cancer. Previous research primarily focused on younger individuals, leaving a gap in understanding the experiences of adult children aged 20-35. To examine a model that integrates the interrelationships among the disease's characteristics (i.e., disease stage), illness representations, coping strategies, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer. In addition, we examined indirect relationships involving illness representations as independent variables, coping strategies as mediators, and PTG as the outcome variable. The rising incidence of cancer has led to an increased number of adult children impacted by parental cancer. Previous research primarily focused on younger individuals, leaving a gap in understanding the experiences of adult children aged 20-35. This study examines a model that integrates the interrelationships among the disease's characteristics (i.e., disease stage), illness representations, coping strategies, and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer. In addition, we examined indirect relationships involving illness representations as independent variables, coping strategies as mediators, and PTG as the outcome variable. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 109 adult children (ages 20-35) of cancer patients. Data were collected using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and the COPE questionnaire. Path analysis was performed to test the study's hypotheses. The findings revealed that illness representations and coping strategies accounted for significant variance in PTG. Higher perceived severity of the parent's illness was associated with greater use of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies, which were linked to higher PTG. Lower perceived control over the illness was associated with less use of problem-focused coping and subsequently lower PTG. This study underscores the importance of subjective perceptions and coping strategies in fostering PTG among young adults with parents diagnosed with cancer. The findings highlight the need for tailored psychosocial interventions to enhance adaptive illness representations and effective coping strategies, promoting resilience and growth in this unique demographic.

The relationship between psychological resilience, coping strategies and fear of cancer recurrence in patients with breast cancer undergoing surgery: A descriptive, cross-sectional study

PurposeThis study aims to determine the relationship between psychological resilience, coping strategies and the fear of cancer recurrence in women who have undergone surgical procedures due to breast cancer. MethodsThe study was conducted using a descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational research design. The sample of the study consisted of 252 women. Data were collected with The Patient Information Form, The Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults, The Ways of Coping Questionnaire and The Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory. ResultsThe mean scores of Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults, Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory, and the optimistic and self-confident subscales of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire among participants were found to be above average. The mean scores of the seeking social support and submissive subscales were at a moderate level, while the mean scores of the hopelessness approach subscale were below the moderate level. A moderate positive significant relationship was found between the total mean score of the Psychological Resilience Scale for Adults and the mean scores of the optimistic approach, self-confident approach, submissive approach, and seeking social support subscales of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. ConclusionA direct relationship was found between psychological resilience and coping strategies. However, this relationship could not be found with fear of cancer recurrence. It was concluded that the level of psychological resilience and coping strategies among breast cancer survivors can be positively influenced through the implementation of professional interventions aimed at fostering growth, addressing the initial cancer diagnosis, and promoting healthy adaptation.

Динамика восприятия болезни и саморегуляции у пациентов с морбидным ожирением через три месяца после бариатрической хирургии

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions throughout the world. Bariatric surgery (hereinafter - BS) is most effective in the treatment of morbid obesity (hereinafter - MO), however, it does not lead to the same results in all patients, since psychological factors play an important role in the outcome of treatment. The gap in scientific knowledge is the underestimation of the patient&amp;rsquo;s role in the treatment process, the lack of information about how he perceives medical treatment and manages the disease, how ideas about the disease change over time after surgery. &lt;strong&gt;Aim of the work&lt;/strong&gt;: study of the dynamics of ideas about the disease and related parameters of self-regulation of the disease in patients with MO before surgery and three months after BS. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods.&lt;/strong&gt; Sixty-three patients with MO were examined using a specially selected package of methods before BS and three months after it. The following methods were used in the study: brief illness perception questionnaire; Hospital anxiety and depression scale; Ways of coping questionnaire; Medication adherence report scale; Scales of psychological well-being.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;. Compared with the preoperative stage, three months after BS, patients perceived MO as a less life-threatening disease that has fewer negative consequences for their health and emotional well-being. Their controllability of the disease and the likelihood of curability of obesity after BS have increased. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;. Three months after the operation, positive dynamics in the perception of MO and related parameters of self-regulation were revealed. The knowledge gained can be widely used in medical practice as targets for psychological interventions.&lt;/p&gt;

The Relationship Between Coping and Stress Levels in Students from The Class of 2020 at The Faculty of Medicine, Palangka Raya University, During Their Thesis Preparation

Introduction: Academic stress is prevalent among final-year students, with thesis preparation being a significant source of this stress. Coping are essential as they effectively represent the body’s conscious adaptive responses to reduce stress through self-adaptation. This research determines the relationship between coping and stress levels in students from the class of 2020 at the Faculty of Medicine, Palangka Raya University, during their thesis preparation. Methods: The study employs a quantitative analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Simple random sampling was utilized for participant selection. The research instruments comprised coping questionnaires and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Data were analyzed using Charles Spearman’s correlation analysis with a confidence interval of 95%. Results: Out of all 96 respondents, 49 individuals (51%) had good coping skills, and 80 individuals (83.3%) experienced moderate stress levels. Notably, among the 49 participants exhibiting good coping, a majority (42 individuals or 85.71%) experienced moderate stress levels. The Charles Spearman test findings revealed a significant value of 0,013 (p &lt; 0.05) with a weak correlation and the opposite direction (r = -0.252). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between coping and stress levels in students from the class of 2020 at the Faculty of Medicine, Palangka Raya University, during their thesis preparation.

The Role of Spirituality on Ambivalent Behaviors Among Christian Youth Attending Selected Churches in Kajiado County, Kenya

The role of spirituality in mitigating against ambivalent behaviors among Christian youth needs to be studied, with an aim to devising efficacious intervention programs, that can be escalated to other non-Christian youth. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between ambivalent behaviors (substance use and sexual behaviors) and spirituality (strength of faith and religious coping mechanisms) among the Christian youth attending four selected Churches in Kajiado County, Kenya. Through a descriptive research design, data was collected from 145 respondents aged 14-35 years (73 male,72 female) who were regularly attending Sunday services. Data collection instruments were the Santa Clara, to assess strength of faith, the Religious Coping Questionnaire (BRIEF-COPE) to assess the religious coping mechanisms, the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Inventory (CSBI) for sexual impairment and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test - Lite (ASSIST-Lite) for substance use. Data was analysed quantitatively using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, version 29) utilizing Kendall’s tau-b, and scatter plots were generated to assess the nature of the relationship between spirituality and ambivalent behaviors. Findings pointed to a positive statistically significant relationship between sexual behaviors and negative religious coping (τb=.223, 95% C.I .117-.324, p=.008) showing that increased use of negative coping mechanism was related to increased sexual behaviors. The scatter plots showed that overally, ambivalent behaviors had a weak negative relationship with positive coping mechanisms (R2=1.1%) and strength of faith(R2=1.1%), and a weak but positive relationship with negative coping (R2=2.1%). There were several outliers in all the three scatter plots, showing a non-linear relationship implying that other factors were related to the ambivalent behaviors aside from the spirituality. The findings thus pointed to a moderate correlation between spirituality and ambivalent behaviors, where increased faith and use of positive coping mechanisms can mitigate against ambivalent behaviors, but there is also need for additional programs that could directly address the underlying causes, as well as the propagating factors. The study thus recommends a multi-faceted approach, incorporating psychological programs alongside the spiritual nurture, to address ambivalent behaviors among Christian youth. Such programs have the potential to be escalated to other non-Christian youth.

Religiosity as a factor of emotional well-being of the Russian youth (on the example of Orthodox and Muslims)

Currently, the studies on religiosity are becoming more and more popular and relevant, and the terminology “spirituality” is acquiring its original etymological meaning. There is a tendency of interest in spiritual development on the part of young people who choose the concept of spirituality as the basis of their personal development. The article presents the results of an analysis of the relationship between coping strategies, stress levels and religious orientation among young people living in Russia. 104 respondents took part in the study: 52 men and 52 women between the ages from 18 to 35 years. To determine coping strategies, the author uses the Russian-language adaptation of the COPE questionnaire developed by K. Carver, M. Scheyer and J. Weintraub and adapted by T.O. Gordeeva, E.N. Osin and E.A. Rasskazova. To measure religious orientation, the G. Allport and D. Ross Scale of Religious Orientation was used, the type of religious coping was assessed using the B-RCOPE short questionnaire of religious coping. The analysis of the study results confirmed our hypothesis that coping strategies are closely related to stress levels: Active coping strategies help reduce stress levels, while avoidant coping behavior correlates with high stress levels. In addition, the study showed that religious orientation and the type of religious coping influence the choice of coping strategies. Participants with an internal religious orientation and positive religious coping were more likely to have active coping strategies, while external religiosity and negative coping were associated with avoidance and passive behavior. This indicates that religiosity can play an important role in choosing ways to cope with stress among young people living in Russia. It has been revealed that it is religious coping that they use most often.Hypothesis: The present study serves to confirm the assumption that religiosity is one of the significant factors of the emotional well-being of the Russian youth.

Is development and persistence of multiple physical symptoms associated with coping? A longitudinal study over a decade

ObjectiveTo examine the development and persistence of multiple physical symptoms (MPS) over a decade including the associations with sociodemographics and coping strategies. MethodA longitudinal study of 16,405 individuals aged 20–64 years participating in the Danish Symptom Cohort (DaSC) was conducted in 2012 with follow-up data in 2022 (DaSC II). MPS were assessed according to the unifying diagnostic construct of bodily distress syndrome, and coping was measured with the Brief Approach/Avoidance Coping Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. ResultsAmong individuals not having MPS in 2012, 17 % had developed MPS in 2022. Among individuals having MPS in 2012, 57 % had persistence of MPS in 2022. Individuals who developed or had persistence of MPS at follow-up were more likely to be female, have lower educational level, be immigrant, redeem antidepressants, have lower approach scores as well as higher diversion and resignation scores. ConclusionsIndividuals responding to stressful situations with low approach, high diversion, and high resignation may be at higher risk of developing MPS and have persistence of MPS. As coping can be targeted through psychotherapy, it is important to focus on maladaptive strategies, especially in high-risk groups for developing and maintaining MPS.

Socioeconomic status, social support, coping, and fear predict mental health status during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: a 1-year longitudinal study

Research has shown that both the COVID-19 pandemic and the governmental measures implemented to tackle it severely impacted people’s mental health worldwide. This study aimed at monitoring adults’ mental health status during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and assessing demographic, socioeconomic, and psychosocial variables as mental health status development's potential predictors. A total of 105 adults (79% women; age: 18–72) completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and measures of mental health status, social support, coping, and fear of COVID-19 at T0 (Apr-May 2020), T1 (Nov 2020-Jan 2021) and T2 (May 2021). A Hierarchical Linear Model was used to assess the mental health status development trajectory and its predictors. Overall, no statistically significant differences in mental health status emerged. At the pandemic’s beginning, social support, and positive/active coping predicted better mental health status. Higher socioeconomic status, supportive coping, and the use of substances predicted poorer mental health status. Individuals who were more afraid of COVID-19 continued to improve their self-reported mental health status over time, although at a slower rate than individuals who were less afraid of COVID-19. These findings suggest that, in the context of an epidemiological crisis, such as COVID-19, fear of infectious disease should be assessed as a routine care measure, while cognitive behavioral interventions discouraging the use of supportive coping and the use of substances should be implemented.

СОРЕ-30A: краткая версия методики изучения копинг-стратегий для подростков 12-18 лет

&lt;p&gt;In world practice, many tools for measuring coping strategies have been developed. The COPE questionnaire by C. Carver, M. Scheier and J. Weintraub is the instrument most consistent with the theoretical model and basic psychometric standards. It is concise but gives the possibility to identify the diversity and breadth of the repertoire of coping strategies and coping styles. The article provides a Russian-language adaptation of its short version COPE-30 for adolescents, which allows identifing 15 coping strategies and 4 coping styles. In a sample of adolescents from different regions of the Russian Federation (N=1718; age from 12 to 18 years; mean age 14&amp;plusmn;1 years; 53,8% female), the COPE-30A questionnaire showed good internal consistency: Cronbach&amp;rsquo;s alpha for scales 0,55-0,86; RMSEA=0,04; CFI=0,95; IFI=0,95; SRMR=0,035. Its validity is confirmed by the expected correlations with the scales of the &amp;ldquo;Multidimensional Students&amp;rsquo; Life Satisfaction Scale&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Multidimensional School Engagement Scale&amp;rdquo; questionnaires. The new COPE-30A questionnaire can be used to conduct large-scale, longitudinal studies, studies of adolescents of different, including vulnerable, groups, as well as individual studies to build subsequent practice of psychological assistance.&lt;/p&gt;