Coping Intervention Research Articles

Mother-infant postnatal experience and its association with maternal emotion and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic

ABSTRACT Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a partial lockdown in Malaysia known as Movement-Controlled-Order (MCO), which has affected primary care management and social life norms. Thus, psychological health is a concern for mothers, particularly during the postpartum period. This study aimed to determine factors associated with maternal emotional experiences and coping during the pandemic. Methodology Mothers of infants aged < 18 months (n = 1449) in Malaysia completed an online survey during MCO (July 2020 to February 2021). The survey comprised questions on sociodemographics, pandemic livelihood impact, maternal experiences, and emotions. Results More than one-third of mothers expressed feeling worried (54.7%), annoyed (48.1%), and tired (42.2%) to some or a high extent. Mothers who were younger (p = .001), more educated (p = .001), faced difficulty paying rent (p = .002), and whose husbands were unemployed (p < .001) expressed higher negative emotions. In contrast, mothers who received enough support for health (p = .001) and breastfeeding (p = .008), had infants sleep less (p = .042) and had more time to focus on health (p < .001) expressed better emotions. Higher coping was expressed among mothers with a higher household income (p = .004), had more time to focus on their health (p = .010), received additional breastfeeding support (p = 0.039), and practised traditional postpartum care (p < .001). In contrast, difficulty paying for essentials (p = .023) was associated with negative coping. Conclusion Maternal emotional experiences were significantly associated with sociodemographic characteristics, livelihood impact, postnatal experiences, and infant behaviours. Postpartum mental health screening is recommended to prevent severe distress, especially in first-time mothers. Coping interventions for mothers at risk may include comprehensive support and maternity care.

Psychosomatic Disorders in College Going Studentsb:a Risk Factor

ABSTRACT : Psychosomatic disorders among college students have emerged as a significant concern in the realm of mental health, given their potential impact on overall well-being and academic success. This review paper delves into the prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of psychosomatic disorders in college-going individuals. Through an extensive analysis of existing literature, the paper elucidates the multifaceted nature of these disorders, encompassing both physical and psychological dimensions. Furthermore, the review examines the unique stressors inherent in the college experience that contribute to the development and exacerbation of psychosomatic symptoms. By exploring coping strategies, interventions, and preventive measures, the paper aims to provide insights into mitigating the adverse effects of psychosomatic disorders among college students. Ultimately, the findings underscore the importance of addressing psychosomatic disorders as a risk factor in college settings to promote student well-being and academic success.

Understanding drought risk management in vulnerable communities in dryland farming systems: Evidence from northwest Ghana

Drought intensity and associated risks are increasing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with dire implications for sustainable livelihood. Yet, there is a limited comprehensive understanding of the severity of drought risks in dryland farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana, where climate change has multiple effects on farming operations. Monitoring episodic droughts is particularly important for developing local-based adaptive interventions to sustainably improve livelihood and food systems. Drawing evidence from Northwest Ghana, this study used a Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Binary Logistic Regression (BLR) to understand drought indices and risks of 40 years (1981–2020), and assess prioritized coping measures and determinants in rural farming communities. The study revealed that farmers in Northwest Ghana have been experiencing severe intermittent drought risks in the last four decades, with extreme episodes observed in 1983 and 1984. Results show that northern Ghanaian households are coping with drought risks using several strategies such as picking edible wild fruit, migration for labour work, remittances from family members and friends, livestock rearing and sale, petty trading, and basket weaving as the key coping measures by households to counteract drought risk. The BLR estimates show that socio-economic variables such as marital status, household size, market access, and farmland size are significant factors that can predict farmers’ coping interventions. The sale of livestock as a buffer to support households rebound from a climate disaster is critical. We suggest that decision-makers and policy-makers mainstream access to social safety schemes in drought-affected locations to sustain local food systems, agricultural biodiversity and livelihoods.

Challenges and Coping Strategies of International Medical Graduates in the North American Residency Match Process

International Medical Graduates (IMGs) constitute a significant and growing portion of the physician workforce in North America. However, they face unique challenges during the residency match process that can significantly impact their mental health and career trajectories. This article explores the prevalence of mental health issues among IMGs during the match process, compares outcomes with domestic graduates, and examines the long-term impacts of these experiences. We investigate the distinct stressors faced by IMGs, including visa complexities, board examinations, cultural adaptation, and credential recognition. The article also highlights effective coping strategies, support systems, and interventions designed to bolster IMG resilience. By synthesizing current research and identifying gaps in the literature, we aim to inform policy recommendations that address IMG mental health in the match process and beyond. Understanding and addressing these challenges is crucial not only for the well-being of IMGs but also for ensuring the quality and effectiveness of healthcare systems that increasingly rely on this vital workforce.

Implementing STrAtegies for RelaTives of people with dementia (START) as a group: a service-level case study of collaboration between Talking Therapies and Memory Services

Abstract National guidance recommends that relatives of people with dementia receive support to develop coping strategies. STrAtegies for RelaTives (START) is an evidence-based manualised intervention for delivery on a one-to-one basis by trained graduate psychologists to family carers of people with dementia. However, implementation of START in standard National Health Service (NHS) provision has proved difficult. We describe collaboration between a Talking Therapies service and a Memory Service to co-facilitate and run START as a group. We consider implementation outcomes according to RE-AIM domains showing: the collaboration reached higher number of carers than other implementation initiatives (reach); there was significant reduction in caregiver anxiety and a trend towards significant reduction in depression (effectiveness); feedback from service users and clinicians on the service model has been positive (adoption); delivery has been supported by the written and audio materials (implementation); and the initiative has sustained over five years, despite the COVID-19 pandemic and staff turnover (maintenance). Finally, we discuss implications and potential future development. Key learning aims (1) To develop knowledge about the content of the STrAtegies for RelaTives (START) coping intervention for family carers of people with dementia. (2) To understand the similarities between low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety and depression, as provided by Psychological Wellbeing Practitioners (PWPs), and START psychoeducational content and skills exercises. (3) To reflect on the rationale for group delivery of START. (4) To consider the benefits of collaboration between Talking Therapies and Memory Services for implementing START.

The Impact of Dyadic Coping Intervention on Mental Health Problem and Quality of Life in Female Cancer Patients

Background: The mental health and quality of life in female cancer patients are of paramount importance, as a cancer diagnosis can significantly impact every aspect of a woman’s well-being. The need for interventions like dyadic coping, is crucial to address the complex emotional and psychosocial challenges these women face. Objective: The study investigated the effects of a dyadic coping intervention on the mental health and quality of life of female cancer patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with female cancer patients from a hospital in Riau Province, Indonesia, selected via purposive sampling. The intervention group consisted of 17 patients who underwent five dyadic coping training sessions based on the systemic transactional model, supplemented by follow-up phone calls from the researchers. An equal number of participants were assigned to the control group. The study analysed the data using descriptive statistics and independent t-tests, applying the DASS-21 scale for depression, anxiety, and stress, and the FACT-G scale for quality of life, both of which are validated measures. Results: The findings revealed that the dyadic coping intervention significantly reduced stress (p = 0.013), depression (p = 0.047), and anxiety (p &lt; 0.001), and markedly improved quality of life (p = 0.017). Conclusion: These results suggest that dyadic coping interventions can effectively alleviate mental health issues and enhance the quality of life among female cancer patients, offering a viable alternative to traditional nursing interventions.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Resilience and Coping Psychosocial Intervention Delivered to Families Experiencing Covid-19 Related Psychosocial Stress in Kampala city

Covid-19 related psychosocial stress, both in Uganda and internationally, is known to be a major public health burden at many levels including the family [1]. This study explores the effectiveness of the Family Resilience and Coping Intervention (fRCI) in Kampala city in Uganda. The study employed a two-group randomized, matched subjects, pre-test post-test control group design, investigatorblind, with a baseline, midline and end line spells that lasted for 3 months. Randomization was by family unit, using a 1: 1 allocation. The experimental group received the fRCI and the control group did not. There were 81 participants in the control and 92 in the intervention group. Instruments included a questionnaire that assessed demographic; coping, strengths and difficulties, depression, generalized anxiety, hope, and general family functioning. Evaluation of fRCI, and session feedback was assessed using forms. Data was analyzed using factor analysis, t-test, panel regression and thematic analysis. Across the baseline, mid and end line, results showed that the fRCI was effective in reducing family psychosocial stress. Significant predictors of family psychosocial stress included age, education and coping strategy. The youths, parents and counselors positively evaluated the fRCI and its sessions. It was recommended that the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Disaster Preparedness adopt the fRCI. Teachers and community leaders and health and disaster workers be trained in implementing the fRCI so that they can help individuals and communities impacted by pandemics like Covid-19.

A Supervision Framework for Task-Shared Mental Health Workers: Implications for Clinical Trials and Beyond.

The rise in task-shared interventions that address the mental health treatment gap in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has highlighted the need for additional support and supervision of nonspecialist mental health workers (NHWs). The supervision of NHWs in most resource-limited settings is still primarily disorganized, without clear guidelines that provide the necessary structure for supervision. The need for supervision is even greater for NHWs working in the context of trauma, not only to provide training and ensure adequate delivery of care but also to provide support to minimize the psychological impact of their work. In South Africa, women face intersecting epidemics of HIV, intimate partner violence, and sexual trauma. This syndemic highlights the importance of integrating mental health treatment in HIV care, especially in settings like South Africa, where mental health services are limited. In this context, our group developed and is evaluating the effectiveness of ImpACT+, a task-shared coping intervention to improve clinical and mental health outcomes among HIV-infected women with sexual trauma in South Africa. We describe the ImpACT+ supervision model that is currently being implemented in the context of a hybrid effectiveness-implementation clinical trial. Combining experiences from clinical psychology, task-shared interventions, and trauma-informed care, the supervision model integrates formal elements of clinical supervision into categories that are suitable for use in task-shared trauma interventions in low-resource settings. To the best of our knowledge, such a trauma-informed supervision approach has not been widely documented in the literature, particularly in task-shared interventions in LMICs. In this article, we describe the ImpACT+ intervention, provide an overview of the supervision model, and provide illustrative examples of how the supervision model has been implemented.

The effect of coping intervention on maternal competency in caring for premature infants at home

The effect of coping intervention on maternal competency in caring for premature infants at home

Feasibility of a brief, in-patient coping and sleep intervention to reduce potentially preventable readmission of cardiac patients to hospital

BackgroundPsychological distress is prevalent amongst hospital in-patient and may predispose patients to potentially preventable readmissions after discharge. A particularly vulnerable group are patients with cardiac disorders. This study tested the feasibility of a brief cognitive behavioural therapy consisting of an in-hospital coping session and a post-discharge healthy sleep session. MethodsStandardised questionnaire were used to assess sleep, coping/distress and wellbeing at baseline (pre-intervention) and one-month post-discharge (post-intervention). Treatment fidelity and acceptability were assessed at follow-up. Participants included 72 inpatients admitted with a cardiac disorder or reported to have a cardiac problem whilst in hospital from a single Australian public hospital. ResultsMost (83 %) participants found the intervention helpful/very helpful. At baseline prior to admission, almost half of participants (46 %) reported poor wellbeing, 19 % high levels of distress and poor coping, and 47 % sleeping less than 7 h per night. Following the intervention, 45 % of participants with poor wellbeing at baseline had reliable change in wellbeing at follow-up. Conversely, only 22 % of patients with high levels of coping/distress at baseline demonstrated improved coping/distress at follow-up suggesting smaller gains. On average a large 43 min gain in sleep duration was observed post-treatment in patients with poor sleep at baseline. Fourteen percent of participants were readmitted to hospital within 34-days of discharge. ConclusionsThe coping and sleep intervention was well received with positive outcomes in patients especially those reporting high levels of distress for sleep and to lesser extent coping and wellbeing. Future studies to assess the efficacy of the brief intervention at reducing hospital readmissions are needed.

It's not a virus! Reconceptualizing and de-pathologizing music performance anxiety.

Music Performance Anxiety (MPA) is one of the most widespread and debilitating challenges facing musicians, affecting significant numbers of performers in terms of both their personal and professional functioning. Although numerous interventions exist to target MPA, its prevalence remains unchanged since the first large-scale studies of the 1980s, indicating that available interventions are having limited impact. This review synthesizes and critiques existing literature in order to investigate possible reasons for the limited efficacy of current approaches to managing MPA. Key concepts discussed include conceptual and methodological challenges surrounding defining MPA, theoretical perspectives on MPA's etiology and manifestation, and the coping strategies and interventions used to manage MPA. MPA has predominantly been investigated pathologically and defined as a negative construct manifesting in unwanted symptoms. Based on this conceptualization, interventions largely seek to manage MPA through ameliorating symptoms. This review discusses possible reasons why this approach has broadly not proved successful, including the issue of relaxation being both unrealistic and counterproductive for peak performance, issues associated with intentionally changing one's state creating resistance thus exacerbating anxiety, and focusing on the presence of, rather than response to, symptoms. Despite 50 years of research, MPA remains an unsolved enigma and continues to adversely impact musicians both on and off the stage. Reconceptualizing MPA as a normal and adaptive response to the pressures of performance may offer a new perspective on it, in terms of its definition, assessment and management, with practical as well as theoretical implications.

Resilience resources, coping, and health outcomes in college students during the Covid-19 pandemic

Background: Resilience resources are predispositions that promote individuals’ abilities to cope with stress. Objective: The current cross-sectional study used path analysis with parallel multiple mediators to test whether coping behaviors mediated associations between resilience resources and somatic, depression, and anxiety symptoms during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Undergraduates at a small Northeastern college (n = 193) completed online surveys assessing resilience resources, coping, and symptoms. Results: Results support significant indirect effects from resilience resources to somatic symptoms through positive reinterpretation and growth, mental disengagement, and substance use. Total indirect effects for depressive symptoms were driven by mental disengagement and substance use, with a direct effect of resilience resources. The effect of resilience resources on anxiety symptoms was mediated by mental disengagement, and there was a direct effect of resilience resources. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that some coping strategies link resilience resources to better outcomes, potentially informing interventions for adaptive coping during public health crises.

An online and telehealth intervention for women diagnosed with gynecological cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: The Journey Ahead pilot and feasibility trial

Abstract Background: Women diagnosed with gynecological cancer suffer from disease-related and treatment-related symptoms that can result in diminished quality of life and persistent distress. There are few evidence-based treatments to mitigate distress for these survivors. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of Journey Ahead, a blended online and telehealth coaching intervention adapted from the in-person Coping and Communication Intervention. Methods: Fourteen women diagnosed and treated for gynecological cancer completed a baseline survey and were enrolled in Journey Ahead, which consisted of eight online modules and five telehealth coaching calls, and then completed a follow-up survey and treatment evaluation. Results: Acceptance rates (27.5%) and follow-up survey completion (57.1%) were lower than expected. Eighty-six percent of participants logged into the online program, and 64.2% completed it. Eighty-three percent of participants completed four or five of the telehealth sessions, and 35.7% attended one session or did not attend any of the telehealth sessions. The results indicated that this intervention reduced depressive symptoms and cancer-related distress and increased emotional well-being, emotional expression, acceptance, psychological flexibility, and coping efficacy. Conclusions: The results highlight the challenges of recruiting during the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of collecting detailed information from study participants about how to engage them in fully remote interventions. Overall, this single-arm pilot and feasibility study demonstrated satisfactory feasibility, excellent acceptability, and a promising preliminary impact on psychological outcomes.

Analysis of Coping Strategies Adopted by Smallscale Farmers due to Climate Change Hazardsin Baringo County, Kenya

Climate change impacts food production and hence food security, negatively affecting Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) areas. The focus of this study was to find out strategies used by small-scale farmers to cope with climate change hazard in Lembus-Perkerra Ward, Baringo County, ASAL region vulnerable to climatic hazards hence a suitable site for the study. In line with Sustainable Development Goal 2and 13, many researchers have been conducted on climate change but little has been documented in the study area on climate change coping strategies against its effects. Therefore, the objective of present study was to identify coping strategies that have been adapted by farmers within the study area and assess the farmers perception in regards to climate change.&#x0D; A descriptive research design was adopted for this study, where 191 questionnaires were administered to household heads, and a Focus Group Discussion with key informants (2 agriculture officers) and five lead farmers from farmer groups were conducted to establish sufficient strategies corresponding to climate change situations. The findings showed strong positive influence at 5% levels of significance, between the selected variables (Age β1.34P:0.003, Education level β=2.11 P: 0.01,Access to climate info β =0.48P : 0.031,Access to extension services β=1.71 P:0.19 and Membership to farmer group β=1.02 P: 0.008 shows positive significance to farmers’ perception of climate change situations n. The gender of the household head and household size were insignificant in relation to farmers perception.The findings of the present study are significant to the County government of Baringo and Kenyan Governments in coming up with appropriate interventions for coping with climate change and policy development, to cushion the local communities against the effects.

88 Does the Use of Multidisciplinary Debriefings After Death Decrease Healthcare Provider Psychological Distress in the Paediatric Setting?: A Rapid Review

Abstract Background The death of a paediatric patient can result in intense grief reactions with profound psychological impacts for healthcare providers (HCPs). Due to advances in life-saving technologies and increasing clinician knowledge, death affects a small and falling proportion of critically ill children. The relative infrequency of dealing with death decreases opportunity for teams to develop effective coping interventions. Without effective coping strategies, HCPs are at high risk for acute and chronic post-traumatic stress conditions, compassion fatigue and burnout. This impacts retention of highly skilled practitioners. Psychological debriefing following death has been recognized as a team coping strategy for paediatric healthcare teams. However, not all healthcare organizations prioritize the need for HCP psychological support following traumatic emotional events in paediatric care. Objectives The objective of this review is to determine the effects of debriefing following death on the psychological well-being of paediatric health care providers. Design/Methods Based on our research question and inclusion and exclusion criteria, we searched PUBMED, Embase.com, and CINAHL. Our search strategy was developed with the assistance of a health sciences librarian, Alison Farrell. We uploaded all publications into Covidence, a software program used as the primary screening and data extraction tool for rapid reviews. Two reviewers independently screened all abstracts. We conducted full text screening using two independent researchers. A third reviewer, our research supervisor, resolved all conflicts. We used the National Institutes Health Quality Assessment tool when screening for inclusion. Health care team compositions included physicians, residents, nurses, respiratory therapists, social workers, and other support staff in various paediatric specialty areas. Intervention characteristics looked at how soon after death debriefing took place, length of the session and who facilitated the debriefing. Psychological distress was the primary outcome assessed. Secondary outcomes such as compassion fatigue and burnout were also assessed. Results Outcomes were organized based on paediatric specialty area. In paediatric and neonatal intensive care, debriefing following death reduced post-traumatic stress and staff burnout. Specific recommendations included importance of a trained person leading the debriefing. Debriefing following paediatric oncology death enhanced grief management strategies. Emergency room staff noted the importance of debriefing to maintain their own personal well-being. Themes emerged in all specialty areas, including that debriefings should be formal, timely, and professionally facilitated. Conclusion There is supportive evidence that debriefing following the death of a paediatric patient improves coping, reduces the post-traumatic stress, burnout and compassion fatigue of health care providers. Further research studies with rigorous methodology would enhance the quality of evidence.

Evaluation of an implementation intentions intervention for managing university student stress.

University students consistently report high levels of stress, which has been associated with a range of adverse outcomes. Promoting adaptive coping behaviours, such as problem-focused coping for managing university stress, is therefore a timely area of investigation. Current coping intervention approaches target reasoned cognitive processes; however, recent research has suggested that automatic processes are more strongly associated with problem-focused coping behaviour. The current study examined the effect of an implementation intentions intervention, a technique that can support behaviour to be performed automatically by facilitating continued repetition of a plan, on problem-focused coping behaviour under stress and stress-related outcomes. Following a pilot study (N=21), a preregistered randomized controlled trial was conducted with university students (N=154) using an online survey. Participants completed baseline measures of problem-focused coping behaviour, behavioural automaticity, behavioural intentions, action planning, perceived stress, procrastination, and psychological wellbeing; before receiving the intervention or control condition stimuli, and then at a 2-week follow-up. Behavioural intention and action planning were also measured immediately post-intervention. The intervention had a significant medium-sized effect on action planning for problem-focused coping, but no other significant effects were detected. Exploratory assessment of plan quality revealed medium-sized correlations between plan quality and changes in problem-focused coping behaviour. Findings indicate that implementation intentions may be a promising approach for increasing planning for the use of problem-focused coping. Indicators of plan quality found to be associated with changes in problem-focused coping provide valuable avenues for intervention optimisation in future research.

Preventing mental health problems in children after high conflict parental separation/divorce study: An optimization randomized controlled trial protocol

Parental divorce is a childhood stressor that affects approximately 1.1 million children in the U.S. annually. The children at greatest risk for deleterious mental health consequences are those exposed to high interparental conflict (IPC) following the separation/divorce. Research shows that children's emotional security and coping efficacy mediate the impact of IPC on their mental health. Interventions targeting their adaptive coping in response to IPC events may bolster their emotional security and coping efficacy. However, existing coping interventions have not been tested with children exposed to high post-separation/divorce IPC, nor has any study assessed the effects of individual intervention components on children's coping with IPC and their mental health. This intensive longitudinal intervention study examines the mechanisms through which coping intervention components impact children's responses to interactions in interparental relationships. A 23 factorial experiment will assess whether, and to what extent, three candidate intervention components demonstrate main and interactive effects on children's coping and mental health. Children aged 9–12 (target N = 144) will be randomly assigned to one of eight combinations of three components with two levels each: (1) reappraisal (present vs. absent), (2) distraction (present vs. absent), (3) relaxation (present vs. absent). The primary outcomes are child-report emotional security and coping efficacy at one-month post-intervention. Secondary outcomes include internalizing and externalizing problems at the three-month follow-up. Based on data from this optimization phase RCT, intervention components will be selected to comprise a multi-component intervention and assessed for effectiveness in a subsequent evaluation phase RCT.

A systematic review of influences and outcomes of body image in postpartum via a socioecological framework

ABSTRACT Background Women in the postpartum period come under multi-level pressure to return to pre-pregnancy body shape and size. This pressure can lead to reduced body image satisfaction, self-esteem, and mood. In this systematic review we explored the influences and outcomes of body dissatisfaction during the postpartum period. Methods Four databases were searched using keywords: postpart* OR postnatal OR peripart* OR ‘new mother’ OR ‘breast feed*’ AND ‘body image’ OR ‘body dissatisf*’ OR ‘body satisf*’ OR ‘body attitude’ OR ‘body shape’. Results The influences and outcomes of body image dis/satisfaction in the postpartum period from 55 international studies were found to align within four of the five factors of the socioecological model. Intrapersonal factors: weight and body shape concerns, mental health and stressors, attitudes and behaviours, and protective coping skills and interventions. Interpersonal factors: social support (partner, family, and friends) and sexual functioning. Institutional factors: experiences with the healthcare system and returning to work. Societal factors: culture and ethnicity, media influences and social norms such as the thin ideal. Conclusions A focus on intrapersonal factors alone is insufficient to understand women’s experiences of body dis/satisfaction during the postpartum period. This suggests a need for better education and policy practices in pre-natal and postpartum care directed at body image and education to dispel societal norms such as the thin ideal. Doing so shifts the focus to include interpersonal, institutional, and societal influences alongside intrapersonal experiences. Research is needed to explore the utility and efficacy of broader approaches for women during this vulnerable life period.

Difficulties Among High School Students in Hanoi During the COVID-19 Lockdown Period

Objective: This study was conducted to describe the social, mental health difficulties and psychological behavior of students at some middle and high schools in Hanoi during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in November 2021 using the form of an online survey on 5,315 students aged 11-17 years old residing in Hanoi. The four main outcome variables included family care and pressure, self-esteem, coping with stressful situations, and anxiety. Results: Results show that during the COVID-19 epidemic, about 11.6% of students experienced domestic family violence. Up to 43.5% of students assessed that they spent so much time using electronic devices that they did not have time to connect with their families. About 7.4% of students had severe anxiety symptoms, and 67.9% had mild or moderate symptoms. The participants also reported low coping skills and self-esteem during COVID social distancing. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic, following school closures and distance learning, negatively impacted the psychological development of middle and high school students in Hanoi city. High schools should prioritize integrating coping strategies into their curricula and implement coping interventions to counter the harmful impact of stress on mental health. Future research should investigate the potential association between the duration of school closures and temporal changes in mental health symptoms. Key words: Economic, Social, Mental Health, COVID-19 lockdown period, High School

The influence of an esports-adapted coping effectiveness training (E-CET) on resilience, mental health, and subjective performance among elite league of Legends players: A pilot study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop, and pilot esports-adapted coping effectiveness training (E-CET) and measure its influence on coping effectiveness (global and specific), subjective performance, mental health (psychological distress and wellbeing), and resilience. DesignFive elite male League of Legends players competing in the League of Legends Circuit Oceania participated in a mixed methods research design. The effects of E-CET were measured using a within-subjects quasi-experimental design (i.e., pre-to-post, no control group). To measure the effects of E-CET on specific stressors, a longitudinal diary design was used. MethodPlayers participated in a 2-h session of E-CET and a 45-min follow-up workshop. The 2-h workshop delivered content on two conceptual areas: (1) developing awareness of the stress and coping process; and (2) how to cope with stress. Players completed pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up measures and twice-weekly stress journals. ResultsE-CET led to increases in players' perceived coping effectiveness and subjective performance, but there were no changes in psychological distress, psychological wellbeing, and resilience. However, the results indicate some positive signs for future coping interventions with League of Legends players and iterations of E-CET. ConclusionThe E-CET program appears to provide an opportunity to improve performance and mental health for esports players.