Adolescent Coping Research Articles

Coping with and Satisfaction of Life among Adolescents: Family Structure and Gender

Changes within the social environment of adolescents’ family structure have the ability to influence the personal growth and well-being of adolescents. This study seeks to analyse if family structure and gender (demographic factors) moderate the relationship between satisfaction with life (SWL) and coping. Following a quantitative approach, a correlational design was used. The research sample consisted of 495 learners drawn from 10 schools in five districts of the Free State province in South Africa. Data collection used a biographical questionnaire, the Revised Coping Schemas Inventory as well as the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Multiple regression analyses yielded a positive correlation between adolescent coping and SWL. Family structure moderated the relationship between SWL and acceptance, meaning, social resilience support, self-restructure, and tension reduction as coping strategies. Further research investigating the relationship between SWL and race or ethnicity, specific family structures, as well as coping throughout adolescence is recommended.

Predicting risk and protective factors of generalized anxiety disorder: a comparative study among adolescents in Ghana

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated psychosocial factors associated with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) among adolescents in two socioeconomically and ethnically different communities in Ghana. We examined two objectives; to test the predictors of GAD and to examine differences between the two groups on the predictors of GAD. We studied 300 adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years who responded to a six-scale questionnaire that measured GAD, parental perception, adolescent coping, adolescent religiosity, peer pressure, and self-esteem. We found a higher prevalence of GAD in Obuasi and consistent patterns of risks and protection in both communities. Non-productive coping and low parental involvement were found to be risk factors while self-esteem was found to be a protective factor against GAD. We discuss these findings in the context of socioeconomic and psychological differences among the adolescent population in Ghana.

Nonpharmacological Interventions Addressing Pain, Sleep, and Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with Primary Headache: A Systematic Review.

PurposeChildren and adolescents with primary headache are at risk of persistent somatic symptoms and reduced quality of life (Qol) due to pain and pain-related behaviors, such as avoiding school and activities. Sleep is essential to health, and children and adolescents with primary headaches have more sleep complaints than do healthy controls. A treatment approach that addresses multifactorial causes is likely important. Nonpharmacological interventions seem promising. However, knowledge about effective strategies is limited. The objective of this review is to assess the effect of nonpharmacological interventions in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) among children and adolescents with primary headache in order to identify useful strategies.Patients and methodsOutcome measures are pain, sleep, Qol, and coping versus no intervention or control intervention. Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched for eligible trials. ClinicalTrials.gov. was searched for ongoing trials. Initial searches yielded 2588 publications. After initial screening and subsequent full-text review and quality assessment, 13 RCTs reported in 15 articles were selected for review. All reviewers independently assessed study quality using the CONSORT criteria for nonpharmacological interventions.ResultsCognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), including education on pain-related topics, sleep, coping, and stress management, is an effective strategy for reducing headache and pain within groups over time. Fifteen studies assessed pain, 3 studies assessed sleep, 6 studies assessed Qol, and 11 studies assessed coping.ConclusionStrategies identified as useful were parts of CBT interventions. However, it was not possible to identify a single effective intervention addressing pain, sleep, Qol, and coping in children and adolescents with headache, primarily because sleep was infrequently addressed. Various aspects of Qol and coping strategies were assessed, rendering comparison difficult. Strategies for future interventions should include descriptions of theory-driven CBT interventions, depending on clinical setting and based on local resources, to promote a solid evidence base for nonpharmacological interventions.

Suicide attempts among French and Brazilian adolescents. A comparative study of clinical, cultural and environmental factors

Introduction In Brazil, epidemiological data have shown an increase in suicide rates among adolescents in the past three decades. There are few data available concerning prevalence of suicidal behavior (SB) in this population. In France (a country with different socioeconomic characteristics), SBs are better studied. Understand the individual and environmental factors associated to suicidality is mandatory in order to think about public policies and interventions. We aimed to compare two clinical samples of adolescents suicide attempters, one from France and other from Brazil, in order to investigate clinical, cultural and environmental factors associated to SB. Method We compared 45 Brazilian adolescents admitted to the emergency department of a university hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil and 320 adolescents hospitalized in 5 pediatric departments across France, after a suicide attempt (SA). Several validated instrument were used in both countries, including the Kiddie schedule for affective Disorders and Schizophrenia–present and lifetime version, The Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, The Beck Depression Inventory, The Beck Hopelessness Scale, The Adolescent Coping Scale, The Spirituality Scale, The Ab-DIB and the Relationship style questionnaire and Dep-Ado. Descriptive analyses and univariate and multiple regression models were completed. Results There was no significant differences between the 2 groups for age, sex, number of siblings, family structure, or special schooling. Brazilian adolescents had more antecedents of previous (P = 0,002) and lifetime number of SAs (P = 0.001); more deliberated self-harm (P Conclusion We found more severe psychopathology among Brazilian adolescents and differences in styles of attachment and coping skills probably as a result of the influence of social, cultural and environmental factors.

The Combined Impact of Risk vs. Protective Factors in Shaping Israeli Adolescents’ Cigarette Smoking

A prominent notion in the literature advocates that addictive behavior emerges on the basis of the combined effect of risk and protective factors. Yet, while existing evidence supports the relevance of both risk as well as protective factors in explaining variance in addictive behavior, almost no study has ever explored the relevance of a combined index of “risk vs. protective factors” in shaping addictive behavior. Based on Albee’s (Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 8, 205–211, 1995, Journal of Primary Prevention, 27, 449–456, 2006) theorem, it was hypothesized that the ratio of risk vs. protective factors in adolescents’ lives, rather than either the risk or the protective factors alone, would better explain the variance in adolescents’ smoking behavior. Participants were 426 Israeli middle-school students who completed the following questionnaires: smoking status, exposure to stressful life-events, the Adolescent Coping Scale, sense of coherence, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Findings indicate that adolescents’ smoking behavior is a derivation of a relatively simple accumulation of risk factors, exacerbated by a tendency to use non-productive ways of coping. Hence, it seems that rather than designing sophisticated preventive interventions, which try to change the risk vs. protective ration by addressing them both simultaneously, any intervention that addresses even a single risk or protective factor may have its own singular and positive contribution to prevent the emergence of addictive behavior.

What Causes Future-Related Stress in Immigrant and German Adolescents and how do they Cope with these Stressors?

What Causes Future-Related Stress in Immigrant and German Adolescents and how do they Cope with these Stressors? In the present study, the stress perception and coping of German and immigrant adolescents with regard to future stress were compared. The 1,789 adolescents (164 immigrated, 1,625 German adolescents) at the age of fifteen completed questionnaires on the assessment of stress and coping with regard to future stress. Immigrated youth show a higher stress burden in the domain future than German adolescents. The fear of becoming unemployed was a major stressor in both groups, and both groups were also very active in tackling future-related problems. However, German youths show an even more active approach to coping with future stress and involve parents or friends more often. Migrant youth have higher levels of the coping style withdrawal, especially in emotion regulation and resignative withdrawal. The ability to reflect on the solution of future-related stressors is quite high in both groups. Worries about the increasing destruction of the environment are more important for German youth, while migrant youth care more about how they should reconcile work and family life later.

Adolescent Coping: In-Person and Cyber-Victimization

Cyber-victimization has become a serious concern facing adolescents in the digital age. Given the differences and similarities between cyber-victimization and in-person victimization, research needs to examine whether prior understanding of coping with in-person victimization applies to coping with cyber-victimization. The purpose of this study was to compare the use and effectiveness of coping strategies in both in-person and cyber-victimization contexts in a sample of adolescents (N = 321; 11-15 years old) in the United States. Results indicated that adolescents tend to use more strategies overall to cope with in-person victimization than cyber-victimization, and female adolescents used more distraction and social support from friends than male adolescents. Adolescents also used problem solving, social support from friends and family/adults, and distraction more frequently than distancing and retaliation; when problem solving was used, adolescents felt positive about the outcome, regardless of victimization type. The use of retaliation was negatively associated with coping efficacy for both situations. Further, social support from friends and social support from family/adults were associated with coping efficacy for cyber-victimization. Our findings can be used to inform interventionists about which strategies adolescents perceive work best to cope with cyber-victimization.

Relationship of spiritual constructs to mental health PROs in adolescents with cancer.

136 Background: Global beliefs and goals form a meaning system, which plays a role in adjusting to stressors like cancer. Spirituality (search for the sacred) is a meaning system that can play a role in adolescent coping, and psychosocial adjustment to chronic disease. When malignancies occur during adolescence, there are long-term consequences to adjustment, functioning, and disease self-management. Methods: Data were obtained from 126 adolescents diagnosed with cancer at various stages and 4 sites in a longitudinal pediatric advance care planning intervention trial. Scales used: demographic; 2 spiritual scales (Brief-MMRS and FACIT-Sp v4); and 2 emotional PROMIS items (anxiety and depression). Bivariate relationships were analyzed. Structural equation modeling examined the relationship between spiritual and PROMIS items. Bootstrap with 1000 resamples was applied to due to sample size. Results: Mean age was 16.9 years (range: 14-20), with a mean time since diagnosis of 77 months (range: 1-232); 21% were on active treatment. The majority were female (57%) and white (79%). Most identified as spiritual (89%) and religious (83%). When asked if they believed they will be spiritually healed from cancer by a miracle, 49% reported “yes.” Adolescents viewing cancer as God’s punishment were more likely to have high depression (p = 0.03). Very or moderately spiritual teens were more likely to have high anxiety and high depression (p = 0.02). Meaning/peace (FACIT-Sp subscale) mediated feeling God’s presence on anxiety (β = -3.5; 95% CI: -9.2, -0.48) and depression (β = -4.6; 95%CI: -10.7, -1.1); and mediated religious identification on anxiety (β = -3.1; 95%CI:-6.9, -0.6) and depression (β = -4.1; 95%CI:-9.3,-0.24). Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with adult literature and a single longitudinal study of teens with cancer: spiritual distress (cancer is God’s punishment) is associated with poorer mental health outcomes, and meaning with positive outcomes. Adolescent anxiety and depression were inversely related to feeling God’s presence, and to identifying as religious; this effect was mediated by their sense of meaning/peace. Meaning-making is a modifiable process, opening a novel focus for intervention development. Clinical trial information: NCT02693665.

Does Adolescent Anxiety Moderate the Relationship between Adolescent–Parent Communication and Adolescent Coping?

Parent-adolescent relationships support the development of adolescent coping styles, but this support may be impacted by parent and adolescent gender, as well as by the presence of anxiety symptoms. This study examined the moderating role of adolescent anxiety symptoms for the longitudinal relationship between adolescent–parent communication with mothers and fathers and adolescent coping styles. Surveys were administered to 1034 high school students (Mage = 16.16, SD = 0.75; 55% girls; 58% White) in the spring of 2007 (T1) and spring of 2008 (T2). Results indicated that adolescent–mother communication positively predicted the development of coping styles, particularly for boys’ emotion-focused coping styles. In contrast, adolescent–father communication negatively predicted some emotion-focused coping styles for boys, including venting coping, emotional social support seeking coping, and religious coping. Adolescent–father communication did not predict any coping styles for girls. Anxiety moderated relationships, such that adolescent–mother communication positively predicted the development of girls’ and boys’ coping styles only in the context of low anxiety symptoms. For boys, adolescent–father communication predicted more venting coping and religious coping when adolescent anxiety symptoms were high. These findings point to complex gender differences in the social development of adolescent coping styles, and these findings underscore the need to examine parent and adolescent gender differences.

Stress Pada Mahasiswa Keperawatan Dan Strategi Koping Yang Digunakan

The background : students in the first year lecture is the subject of that are vulnerable are subjected to stress .Response the stress not adequat and occurring in a long period of time can cause depression and even could lead to the action of suicide .Coping positive will lead to adaptation good .The purpose of this research is to find relations between the level of stress with strategy coping . Methods : sample in this research is a student nursing faculty nursing unand the first level and the level of class two english-language internasioanl (KBI), class a regular program are fulfilled, and the class regular program incongruous as much as a 122 people. Data collected with guide interview by using a questionnaire Perceived Stress Scale-14 ( PSS-14 ) and questionnaires adolescent coping orientation for the problem of experiences ( acope ) .Measurements conducted simultaneously on student each class .In an analysis of data by using chi-square analysis . Results : the research results show as many as 63.7 % respectively students that experienced stress was on strategy coping that focuses on emotion , the rest of 36,3 % his use strategy coping focuses on the problem. Test results chi-square show there is meaningful relations between stress with strategy coping (P v = 0,011 ) . Conclusions : it is suggested that students capable of adapting to stresor by means of mensubstitusikannya into a challenges positive so the university students can remain productive without having to down to stress experienced. Password: stress, coping strategy, problems, emotion, students nursing

Coping in mexican adolescents with metabolic syndrome: a qualitative study

This paper describes the daily coping strategies among Mexican adolescents diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MS). Data were collected through a semi-structured interview, using a phenomenology perspective. Nine adolescents diagnosed with MS aged 12-17 years were recruited from a public hospital in northeastern Mexico. Three thematic categories were obtained in the interview analysis: experiencing an MS diagnosis, adapting to health care and treatment, and decision-making to cope with the disease. Adolescents receiving an MS diagnosis were able to overcome their initial -often negative- experiences, they were motivated to adhere to management and treatment plans with support from health professionals, and they were able to develop adaptive coping strategies. Results indicate that, with support, adolescents could adapt to new prevention, management, and treatment strategies.

Ambulatory Assessment of Adolescent Coping: It's a Complicated Process.

Scholars have long-called for researchers to treat coping as a process that is measured over an arc of time. Ambulatory assessment (AA) offers an appealing tool for capturing the dynamic process of adolescent coping. However, challenges in capturing the coping process are not altogether circumvented with AA designs. We conducted a scoping review of the AA literature on adolescent coping and draw from 60 studies to provide an overview of the field. We provide critiques of different AA approaches and highlight benefits and costs associated with various types of measurement within AA. We also speak to considerations of participant burden and compliance. We conclude with recommendations for developmental scholars seeking to deploy AA to capture this quintessential process among adolescents.

Self-compassion as mediator between coping and social anxiety in late adolescence: A longitudinal analysis

IntroductionPrevious research uncovered that self-compassion is related to coping strategies elicited during stressful situations, and might also contribute to less biased perceptions of social situations. Hence, the current study's objective was to investigate longitudinally the mediator role of self-compassion in the relation between coping and social anxiety in late adolescence, with emphasis on the first months of adjustment to college life. MethodsThe sample included 63 first-year students (75% women) from Romania with a mean age of 18.76 years. They filled out the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory at Time 1 (beginning of the first semester), as well as the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form and the Leibowitz Social Anxiety Scale-Short Form at both T1 and Time 2 (3 months after the baseline assessment). ResultsThe results of the mediation analyses showed that both approach and avoidant coping at T1 exhibited a significant indirect effect on social anxiety levels at T2 through self-compassion measured at T2 controlling for the effects of gender, self-compassion and social anxiety at T1. These findings suggested that approach coping increases the likelihood of more compassionate views of oneself, which are likely to contribute to less social anxiety; conversely, avoidant coping decreases self-compassionate attitudes, which in turn increase social anxiety symptoms. ConclusionsThese results provided added evidence to the fact that during the transition from adolescence to adulthood, teaching college students a more self-accepting and kind perspective on one's imperfections could play a significant role in preventing and treating social anxiety.

Informant Discrepancies in Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in an At-Risk Sample: The Role of Parenting and School Engagement.

A number of studies have used variable-centered approaches to examine informant discrepancies on children's behavior problems; however, few such studies have used person-centered approaches to explore patterns of informant discrepancies or correlates of discrepancies in informant symptom ratings. The present study addressed these gaps by examining profiles of informant agreement on internalizing and externalizing symptoms and examining whether two important contextual factors, parenting and school engagement, are associated with profile membership. Data from an at-risk, urban sample of youth participants (N= 346, M age = 12.47 ± 0.60 years, 56% male, and 75% Black), their caregivers, and one of their teachers were analyzed in the current study. Youth from 20 schools in a Mid-Atlantic state were screened for elevated levels of aggression and were selected to participate in the Early Adolescent Coping Power study. At baseline, youth, caregivers, and teachers reported on youth's internalizing symptoms and caregivers and teachers reported on youth's externalizing symptoms. Caregivers reported on their parenting; youth reported on their school engagement. Two internalizing symptoms profiles were identified: Low Symptoms Agreement and Youth-Reported High Somatization and Anxiety. Three externalizing symptoms profiles were identified: Low Symptoms Agreement, Teacher-Reported High Externalizing, and Caregiver-Reported High Externalizing. These profiles differed significantly on parenting behaviors and school engagement, shedding light on factors that may underlie informant discrepancies.

Coping strategies in adolescence and labour-market participation in young adulthood: A prospective birth cohort study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate whether coping strategies in adolescence (14-15 years of age) were associated with labour-market participation (LMP) in young adulthood (25-26 years of age) and whether the association differed by sex. Methods: A birth cohort from the former county of Ringkjoebing, Denmark, consisting of 2826 individuals, comprised the study population. In 2004, the study population completed a questionnaire from which information about coping and covariates were gathered. Coping strategies were measured using five sub-scales of the Brief COPE Scale, which were combined into two overall coping strategies: active coping and avoidant coping. Ten years later, the participants were followed for a 52-week period in a register on social benefits. Logistic regression was applied to data, with adjustment for covariates: sex, parents' socio-economic status (education and income) and self-rated health. Results: A total of 2203 (78%) participants were categorised as high LMP at follow-up. No significant associations were found between active coping in adolescence and LMP in 2014/2015. For avoidant coping, in the fully adjusted model, medium-level avoidant coping was associated with higher odds (odds ratio (OR)=1.02 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83-1.25) of high LMP. For low avoidant coping, the OR was 1.37 (95% 1.07-1.75). For both coping strategies, sex did not modify the association. Conclusions: Findings showed that avoidant coping was significantly associated with high LMP. Further research is needed to investigate coping in relation to specific problem areas.

Hubungan antara Coping terkait Stres Sekolah dan Persepsi Keterlibatan Orangtua pada Remaja

Applying functional coping when dealing with school-related problems is very important that can be benefical to make a good academic performance at the school. There are several factors that can affect the use of coping in adolescents. Parental involvement was assumed can predict the use of coping in adolescents. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between parental involvement that perceived by students and coping with school-related stress in adolescence. Participants of this study was 405 adolescents in third grade of high school from eight different schools. Perceived parental involvement was measured in two version for father and mother, using Reported Father Involvement Scale (Finley & Schwartz, 2004) and Reported Mother Involvement Scale (Finley, Mira, & Schwartz, 2008). Coping with school-related stress was measured by Coping Accross Situational Questionnaire-Revised (Barnes, 2011). The result showed that there are significant relationship between two types of coping style, that were active coping and internal coping with both perceived father involement and perceived mother involvement.

Relations Between Parental Distress Intolerance, Adolescent Motives for Cigarette Use, and Adolescent Cigarette Smoking Levels

Background: A relatively large body of evidence indicates that coping motives for cigarette smoking are associated with a number of problematic outcomes (e.g., greater smoking frequency) among adolescents. Evidence also indicates that lower distress tolerance (or higher distress intolerance) is related to higher levels of coping motives for cigarette smoking among adults and adolescents. Therefore, it is critical to improve our understanding of factors that may increase the likelihood of smoking to cope among adolescents. In addition, evidence suggests that a number of parenting behaviors may affect adolescent smoking behavior. No work to date, however, has examined the relation between parental distress intolerance and adolescent smoking motives, or adolescent smoking behavior. Objective/methods: The current study involving adolescents (n = 46) and one of their parents aimed to address this gap in the literature by examining the association between parent-reported parental distress intolerance, self-reported adolescent motives for cigarette use, and self-reported adolescent cigarette smoking levels. Results: Results indicated that parental distress intolerance was related to greater adolescent coping motives for cigarette smoking, but not to other motives for adolescent cigarette use. Furthermore, results indicated that parental distress intolerance was indirectly associated with higher adolescent cigarette smoking levels through adolescent coping motives for cigarette smoking. Conclusions: Parental distress intolerance is associated with coping motives for adolescent cigarette smoking. This suggests parental emotional factors may be associated with adolescent cigarette use.

MANAGEMENT STRES, COPING STRES PADA REMAJA DAN DAMPAK PADA PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DAERAH KOTA TERNATE

Adolescence is a period where the transition from childhood to adulthood, not only that they also do not form physical maturity (hacking) but will also lead to social-psychological maturity, among others, towards maturity and independence (Ruwaida, 2006 )
 This study uses a qualitative method to describe stress management coping in adolescents as a result of parental divorce through a phenomenological approach which focuses on finding facts of human behavior based on the informant's perspective. Methods of collecting data through in-depth interviews and completed with field notes. The research subjects were teenagers whose parents divorced with the age limit (15-22 years) the number of subjects in this case study was 14 (fourteen) people in Ternate City.
 The behavior and culture of life of informants due to not being able to manage stress and accept family conditions, there is no visible achievement of the informants for regional economic development. very influential in regional development considering that the younger generation is the successor of the nation and state development. The results of this research indicate the condition of adolescents who experience problems such as this affect the development of development when viewed from the achievements that should be owned by the younger generation.

Cognitive behavioral treatment for depressed adolescents: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial of a group course

BackgroundThe group-based CBT intervention, the Adolescent Coping with Depression Course (ACDC), has previously been evaluated within a quasi-experimental design, showing reduction in depressive symptoms compared to a benchmark of similar studies. The aim of our study was to investigate the effectiveness of ACDC within a randomized controlled (RCT) design.MethodThirty-five course/control leaders randomly assigned to provide ACDC or usual care (UC) recruited 133 adolescents allocated to ACDC and 95 to UC. ACDC participants received eight weekly sessions and two follow-up sessions about 3 and 6 weeks after the last session. UC participants received usual care as implemented at the different sites. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for adolescents (CES-D), perfectionism with the revised version of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), and rumination with the revised version of the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS). Attrition was considered missing at random (MAR) and handled with a full information maximum likelihood (FIML) procedure.ResultsIntention to treat analysis (ITT), including baseline scores and predictors of missing data as control or auxiliary variables, showed a small to medium reduction in depressive symptoms for the ACDC group compared to UC (d = −.31). Changes in perfectionism and rumination in favor of the intervention were also significant. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the findings from the ITT analyses.ConclusionsThe current study supports the effectiveness of this group-based CBT intervention. The intervention can hopefully result in clinically significant reductions in symptoms associated with depression among adolescents.Trial registrationISRCTN registry ISRCTN19700389. Registered 6 October 2015.

“It’s your turn to step into their shoes”

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the role of empathy in adolescents coping with maternal cancer to identify passive and active empathy forms and the role of these in adolescent coping at a challenging time.Design/methodology/approachThis study was a secondary content analysis carried out on 15 adolescent interviews that were analysed to find the evidence of empathy in active and passive forms. Adolescents were between 14 and 20 years of age, their mothers were diagnosed with cancer in the previous 24 months to the interview.FindingsThe analysis identified more evidence of active forms of empathy than passive directed at ill mothers and their families as helpful behaviours and emotional support. Passive empathy was experienced by adolescents who did not have major changes in their daily routines because of maternal cancer. Both passive and active empathy were perceived as coping mechanisms. Maternal illness motivated adolescents’ empathy and encouraged actions to support their mothers, immediate and extended families.Originality/valueEmpathy is complex but can be important for adolescent development including their social skills and relationships; however, research has not evaluated the role of empathy in adolescents experiencing maternal cancer.