Coordination Capabilities Research Articles

RhIII-Catalyzed Direct Heteroarylation of Unactivated C(sp3)-H with N-Heteroaryl Boronates.

Disclosed herein is a rhodium(III)-catalyzed direct heteroarylation reaction between unactivated aliphatic C(sp3)-H bonds in 2-alkylpyridines and heteroaryl organoboron reagents. This catalytic protocol is compatible with various heterocyclic boronates containing ortho- and meta-pyridine, pyrazoles, furan, and quinoline with strong coordination capability. The achievement of this methodology provides an efficient route to build new C(sp3)-heteroaryl bonds.

Swarm of Drones in a Simulation Environment—Efficiency and Adaptation

In the swiftly advancing field of swarm robotics and unmanned aerial vehicles, precise and effective testing methods are essential. This article explores the crucial role of software-in-the-loop (SITL) simulations in developing, testing, and validating drone swarm control algorithms. Such simulations play a crucial role in reproducing real-world operational scenarios. Additionally, they can (regardless of the type of application) accelerate the development process, reduce operational risks, and ensure the consistent performance of drone swarms. Our study demonstrates that different geometrical arrangements of drone swarms require flexible control strategies. The leader-based control model facilitates coherent movement and enhanced coordination. Addressing various issues such as communication delays and inaccuracies in positioning is essential here. These shortcomings underscore the value of improved approaches to collision avoidance. The research described in this article focused on the dynamics of drone swarms in a simulated context and emphasized their operational efficiency and adaptability in various scenarios. Advanced simulation tools were utilized to analyze the interaction, communication, and adaptability of autonomous units. The presented results indicate that the arrangement of drones significantly affects their coordination and collision avoidance capabilities. They also underscore the importance of control systems that can adapt to various situations. The impact of communication delays and errors in positioning systems on the required distance between drones in a grid structure is also presented. This article assesses the impact of different levels of GPS accuracy and communication delays on the coordination of group movement and collision avoidance capabilities.

Amplifying chlorinated phenol decomposition via Dual-Pathway O2 Activation: The impact of zirconium loading on BiOCl

The effectiveness of photocatalytic molecular oxygen (O2) activation in pollutant removal relies on the targeted production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, we demonstrate the dual-pathway activation of O2 on BiOCl through zirconium (Zr) loading. The incorporation of Zr onto the surface of BiOCl not only leads to an increased generation of oxygen vacancies (OV) but also fosters a coupling between the d electrons of Zr and OV, forming dual-active sites known as Zr-oxygen vacancies (Zr-OV). Generally, OV adsorbs O2 and transfers one electron directly to form superoxide radicals (•O2–). Contrary to the conventional single-electron direct activation of O2 to form •O2–, Zr-OV exhibits more flexible coordination and superior electron-donating capabilities. It facilitates O2 conversion to peroxide radicals (O22–) and enables the subsequent generation of •O2– from O22–, significantly promotes the dechlorination and mineralization efficiency of chlorophenol under visible light. This study presents a straightforward strategy to precisely regulate ROS production by expanding pathways, shedding light on the critical role of managing ROS generation for effective pollutant purification.

Unravelling psychological contracts in a digital age of work: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT This study provides a comprehensive overview of psychological contract research in the digital age of work, where digitalization has significantly shaped the nature of work and employment arrangements. It examines the employee-employer relationship through the lens of individual beliefs about reciprocal obligations as reflected in psychological contract research. Through a systematic literature review, the study uncovers four distinct mechanisms of work digitalization (Remote/virtual Cooperation, Online Communication, Algorithm-based Coordination, and Digital Capabilities) encapsulated in the ROAD-framework that impacts psychological contracts, thus laying the conceptual groundwork for future research endeavours on psychological contracts in a digital age of work. The findings of the literature review outline the emergence of novel forms of employment arrangements in the digital age of work that extend dyadic psychological contracts to multiple party arrangements. Additionally, the study reveals the dynamic effects of work digitalization on different phases of psychological contracts. As a result, this enriches the dynamic phase model by considering the impacts of work digitalization through various propositions.

DFT Study of Functional Reduction of CO2 with BH3NMe3: The Real Role of Organic Catalyst TBD.

The detailed mechanism of transition metal-free-catalyzed monomethylation of 2-naphthyl acetonitrile (1a) with CO2 in the presence of triazabicyclodecene (TBD) and BH3NMe3 was investigated using density functional theory. The C-methylation process proved to generate formaldehyde followed by the formation of the product via an alcohol rather than a methoxyborane intermediate. During the reaction, CO2 is activated to form the TBD-CO2 adduct and BH3NMe3 is changed into TBD-BH2 (IM2) in the presence of TBD. IM2 plays a real reducing role within the system due to the unique coordination capability of the B atom. In addition to enhancing the nucleophilicity of 1a through deprotonation by tBuOK, our research also indicates that the generated tBuOH not only assists in proton transfer to generate an alcohol intermediate but also promotes the regeneration of TBD.

Insight into the electrochemical process of EDTA-assisted soil washing effluent under alternating current

EDTA has been widely utilized as a chelating agent in soil heavy metal remediation, due to its strong coordination capability. Electrochemical deposition is a promising avenue to treat soil washing effluent. However, the impact of advanced electrochemical techniques on EDTA remains incompletely understood. Herein, we present a pioneering approach, utilizing a dual-chamber electrolytic cell and alternating current (AC) power supply. This approach achieves concurrent removal of M-EDTA while efficiently recovering heavy metal and recycling EDTA. Results demonstrate AC displays superior heavy metal removal capability for Cu, Pb, and Cd compare to direct current (DC), with EDTA decomposition mainly occurring in the anolyte. Substituting DC with AC and employing the dual-chamber electrolytic cell significantly enhances EDTA recovery efficiency from 47% to an impressive 96.8%. XPS and Raman spectra reveal an enhanced oxidative surface of the graphite anode under AC, which diminishes the decomposition of EDTA. Long-term experiments validate that this strategy boosts EDTA cyclability to 20 cycles with an outstanding 84% recovery efficiency and negligible electrode corrosion, surpassing the 8 cycles under the traditional strategy. This study innovatively combines cell design and electrochemical techniques, remarkably improving the reusability of EDTA and anode, offering valuable insights for chelate-related applications.

Synthesis, Charecterization, Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity of Novel Metal Complexes Derived from Azomethine Ligand (Bis Azo-Schiff Base) In Vitro and In Silico

Background: Schiff bases, especially Azo-Schiff bases, are significant ligands in organic chemistry due to their coordination capabilities. They find applications in various industrial sectors and biological studies. Metal complexes of Schiff bases, particularly with tetradentate ligands, have gained attention for their potential pharmacological benefits. However, there is limited information on the biological activities of certain Schiff base complexes, such as 1H-indole-3-ethylenesalicyldamine derivatives. Method: The synthesis of bis azo-Schiff base ligands and their metal complexes, including Ni(II), Co(II), Pd(II), and Pt(IV) complexes, was conducted. Various analytical techniques were employed to characterize the compounds using FTIR, NMR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and molar conductivity. Biological activities, including antibacterial and cytotoxicity studies, were evaluated. Results: The synthesized compounds demonstrated stability and structural characteristics consistent with the intended coordination geometries. IR spectra confirmed the coordination of metal ions with the ligands. The complexes were evaluated for the antimicrobial activity against two types strains of Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and showed good significant against these bacteria. The Pd(II) complex demonstrated higher efficacy against cancer cells compared to normal cells, highlighting its potential as an anticancer agent. The cytotoxicity of the Pd (II) complex on human malignant melanoma A375 and Normal cell WRL-68 were IC50 23.83 and IC50 153.7, respectively. Molecular docking studies provide insights into the interaction of the complexes with target proteins, offering potential modes of action. Conclusion: The study successfully synthesized and characterized bis azo-Schiff base ligands and their metal complexes, demonstrating their stability and promising biological activities.

Relationship among some coordinative and dynamic strength capabilities and constructive and conceptual thinking among preschool-age children.

Existing research underscores the positive influence of consistent physical activity, fitness, and motor coordination on school-aged children's cognitive and academic performance. However, a gap exists in fully understanding this relationship among preschoolers, a critical age group where the development of cognitive functions is significant. The study aims to expand upon existing evidence that connects motor and cognitive development by examining the correlation between specific motor coordination and physical fitness skills and the development of constructive and conceptual thinking in preschool-aged children. Data from 56 children aged 4-5 years (mean age 4.5 ± 0.36y), comprising 30 girls and 26 boys, participated in this study. We assessed muscular strength (via standing long jump, wall toss test, flexibility), agility (4 × 5 m shuttle), cardiorespiratory fitness (20 m pacer test), and motor coordination (lateral jumping, platform shifting). Cognitive abilities were measured using the IDS-P. Linear regression models showed that significant predictors of constructive thinking scores were observed solely for flexibility (p = 0.02) and shifting platforms (p = 0.01). Notably, flexibility exhibited a negative relationship (β = -1.68). In the context of conceptual thinking, significant predictors (p < 0.05) included standing long jump (p = 0.01), jumping laterally (p = 0.005), shifting platforms (p = 0.001), throwing (p = 0.02). Coordination-demanding activities seem to be related considerably to conceptual thinking in preschoolers. Integrating such motor activities into preschool curricula that demand cognitive engagement can positively influence the development of cognitive functions.

A novel role for microtubule affinity-regulating kinases in neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain affects millions of patients, but there are currently few viable therapeutic options available. Microtubule affinity-regulating kinases (MARKs) regulate the dynamics of microtubules and participate in synaptic remodelling. It is unclear whether these changes are involved in the central sensitization of neuropathic pain. This study examined the role of MARK1 or MARK2 in regulating neurosynaptic plasticity induced by neuropathic pain. A rat spinal nerve ligation (SNL) model was established to induce neuropathic pain. The role of MARKs in nociceptive regulation was assessed by genetically knocking down MARK1 or MARK2 in amygdala and systemic administration of PCC0105003, a novel small molecule MARK inhibitor. Cognitive function, anxiety-like behaviours and motor coordination capability were also examined in SNL rats. Synaptic remodelling-associated signalling changes were detected with electrophysiological recording, Golgi-Cox staining, western blotting and qRT-PCR. MARK1 and MARK2 expression levels in amygdala and spinal dorsal horn were elevated in SNL rats. MARK1 or MARK2 knockdown in amygdala and PCC0105003 treatment partially attenuated pain-like behaviours along with improving cognitive deficit, anxiogenic-like behaviours and motor coordination in SNL rats. Inhibition of MARKs signalling reversed synaptic plasticity at the functional and structural levels by suppressing NR2B/GluR1 and EB3/Drebrin signalling pathways both in amygdala and spinal dorsal horn. These results suggest that MARKs-mediated synaptic remodelling plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain and that pharmacological inhibitors of MARKs such as PCC0105003 could represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the management of neuropathic pain.

Achieving an ion-homogenizing and corrosion-resisting interface through nitro-coordination chemistry for stable zinc metal anodes

Suppression of uncontrollable dendrite growth and water-induced side reactions of Zn metal anodes is crucial for achieving long-lasting cycling stability and facilitating the practical implementations of aqueous Zn-metal batteries. To address these challenges, we report in this study a functional nitro-cellulose interfacial layer (NCIL) on the surface of Zn anodes enlightened by a nitro-coordination chemistry strategy. The NCIL exhibits strong zincophilicity and superior coordination capability with Zn2+ due to the highly electronegative and highly nucleophilic nature of the nitro functional group. This characteristic facilitates a rapid Zn-ion desolvation process and homogeneous Zn plating, effectively preventing H2 evolution and dendrite formation. Additionally, the negatively charged surface of NCIL acts as a shield, repelling SO42− anions and inhibiting corrosive reactions on the Zn surface. Remarkably, reversible and stable Zn plating/stripping is achieved for over 5100 h at a current density of 1 mA cm−2, which is nearly 30 times longer than that of bare Zn anodes. Furthermore, the Zn//V2O5 full cells with the functional interface layer deliver a high-capacity retention of 80.3% for over 10,000 cycles at 5 A g−1. This research offers valuable insights for the rational development of advanced protective interface layers in order to achieve ultra-long-life Zn metal batteries.

Nitrogen-reliant degradation behaviors of characteristic NHCs by UV-based advanced oxidation processes: Kinetics, pathways and toxicity assessment

In recent decades, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds (NHCs) have been widely synthesized and applied due to their excellent coordination capability of heterocyclic N atoms. However, their high toxicity and poor biodegradability pose significant hazards to aquatic ecosystems. Three characteristic NHCs (cNHCs) with similar molecular structures but minor differences in the number and position of N atoms, namely benzotriazole (BTA), benzimidazole (BMZ), and indazole (IDZ), were selected to evaluate impacts of these differences on their degradation behaviors during UV/H2O2 treatments. It was found that the key mechanism for the removal of BTA, BMZ, and IDZ in the UV/H2O2 processes was the generation of ∙OH through UV-excited H2O2 decomposition. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the variation in the number and position of heterocyclic ring N atoms significantly affected the electron cloud distribution of the cNHCs, thereby resulting in different reactivities. Mineralization results and N evolution experiments indicated that N elements were initially released in the form of ammonia nitrogen during UV/H2O2 treatments, which then underwent oxidation to form nitrite and nitrate. The two ortho-N atoms were most easily mineralized and release inorganic nitrogen, followed by the two meta-N atoms. However, the BTA compound containing three N atoms, exhibited inertness towards radicals after hydroxylation, thereby hindering mineralization. A dual-directional transformation products (TPs) identification protocol was employed to identify 30 TPs of the cNHCs and propose recommended degradation pathways. Furthermore, Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition bioassay and QSAR prediction models were used to preliminarily screen and identify 13 toxic TPs with potential ecological risks.

Grain size-dependent mechanical response of metal nitride coating under nanoindentation and its sand erosion performance

In this paper, TiN coatings with grain sizes of 54.8 nm, 68.8 nm, 91.5 nm and 136.9 nm was prepared on the aluminum alloy by extending the coating deposition duration. The mechanical performance under nanoindentation and sand erosion were evaluated. The results show that there is a positive correlation between the hardness of the TiN coating and the grain size. Under the shear stress, the primary mechanism governing the mechanical behavior of the TiN coating is grain boundary sliding when the grain size is less than 70 nm. However, when the grain size surpasses 90 nm, the mechanical response shifts towards the emergence of shear bands and lateral cracks. During nanoindentation loading, TiN coatings with different grain size shows amorphous transformation. Sand erosion experiments demonstrate that refining the grain structure enhances the coordination capability of the TiN coating during plastic deformation, leading to a substantial increase in the amount of sand needed to initiate coating cracks. Simultaneously, the augmentation in the quantity of grain boundaries enhances the TiN coating's capacity for coordinating during plastic deformation, ultimately bolstering its resistance to crack propagation and erosion.

A Comparative Study of Some Coordination Abilities between Males and Females for the Age Group (10-12) Years

Coordination capabilities refer to a set of physical abilities that impact the organization and coordination of movements resulting in consistent performance. They are considered one of the necessary conditions for good performance. Therefore, the objective of the study is to identify the differences in coordination abilities between males and females in the age group of 10- 12 years. A hypothesis is that there are statistically significant differences in certain adaptive skills between males and females aged 10-12 years. The research community consists of primary school students from Mosul 135 male and 135 female students as samples. Tests were administered. T-tests for independent samples were given as numbers and percentages for categorical variables. a p-value of &amp;lt;0.05 was considered significant. The study concludes that the coordination skills of male and female students between the ages of 10 and 12 are equal. Males outperform females in the ability of motor coordination between the arms, eyes, and balls, which may be due to the nature of the test. Throwing a Tennis Ball (25 seconds)(t(270)=10,785 ; p&amp;lt;0.001), Balance (t(270)=2.023 ; p&amp;lt;0.044), Throwing Balling (t(270) = 3.072 ; p&amp;lt;0.002), Significant differences were determined for Touch 30 Seconds (t(270)=3.122 ; p&amp;lt;0.002), Circuit Accuracy (t(270) = 6.551 ; p&amp;lt;0.001).In conclusion; Aging and participating in sports have a good impact on coordinative performance. Athletes with a genetic propensity for a certain sport may develop motor proficiency that is on par with or even surpasses that of older athletes with well-planned training.

Stabilization of NH- Group Adjacent to Naked Silicon(II) Atom in Base Stabilized Aminosilylenes.

Aminosilylene, comprising reactive NH- and Si(II) sites next to each other, is an intriguing class of compounds due to its ability to show diverse reactivity. However, stabilizing the reactive NH- group next to the free Si(II) atom is challenging and has not yet been achieved. Herein, we report the first examples of base stabilized free aminosilylenes Ar*NHSi(PhC(Nt Bu)2 ) (1 a) and Mes*NHSi(PhC(Nt Bu)2 ) (1 b) (Ar*=2,6-dibenzhydryl-4-methylphenyl and Mes*=2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl), tolerating a NH- group next to the naked Si(II) atom. Remarkably, 1 a and 1 b exhibited interesting differences in their reactivity upon heating. With 1 a, an intramolecular C(sp3 )-H activation of one of the benzhydryl methine hydrogen atoms to the Si(II) atom produced the five-membered cyclic silazane 2. However, with 1 b, a rare 1,2-hydrogen shift to the Si(II) atom afforded a silanimine 3, with a hydride ligand attached to an unsaturated silicon atom. Further, the coordination capabilities of 1 a were also tested with Ru(II) and Fe(0) precursors. Treatments of 1 a with [Ru(η6 -p-cymene)Cl2 ]2 led to the isolation of a η6 -arene tethered complex [RuCl2 {Ar*NHSi(PhC(t BuN)2 )-κ1 -Si-η6 -arene}] (4), whereas with the Fe(CO)5 precursor a Fe(0) complex [Fe(CO)4 {Ar*NHSi(PhC(t BuN)2 )-κ1 -Si}] (5) was obtained. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to shed light on the structural, bonding, and energetic aspects in 1-5.

Stabilization of NH− Group Adjacent to Naked Silicon(II) Atom in Base Stabilized Aminosilylenes

AbstractAminosilylene, comprising reactive NH− and Si(II) sites next to each other, is an intriguing class of compounds due to its ability to show diverse reactivity. However, stabilizing the reactive NH− group next to the free Si(II) atom is challenging and has not yet been achieved. Herein, we report the first examples of base stabilized free aminosilylenes Ar*NHSi(PhC(NtBu)2) (1 a) and Mes*NHSi(PhC(NtBu)2) (1 b) (Ar*=2,6‐dibenzhydryl‐4‐methylphenyl and Mes*=2,4,6‐tri‐tert‐butylphenyl), tolerating a NH− group next to the naked Si(II) atom. Remarkably, 1 a and 1 b exhibited interesting differences in their reactivity upon heating. With 1 a, an intramolecular C(sp3)−H activation of one of the benzhydryl methine hydrogen atoms to the Si(II) atom produced the five‐membered cyclic silazane 2. However, with 1 b, a rare 1,2‐hydrogen shift to the Si(II) atom afforded a silanimine 3, with a hydride ligand attached to an unsaturated silicon atom. Further, the coordination capabilities of 1 a were also tested with Ru(II) and Fe(0) precursors. Treatments of 1 a with [Ru(η6‐p‐cymene)Cl2]2 led to the isolation of a η6‐arene tethered complex [RuCl2{Ar*NHSi(PhC(tBuN)2)‐κ1‐Si‐η6‐arene}] (4), whereas with the Fe(CO)5 precursor a Fe(0) complex [Fe(CO)4{Ar*NHSi(PhC(tBuN)2)‐κ1‐Si}] (5) was obtained. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to shed light on the structural, bonding, and energetic aspects in 1–5.

Pentazolate Anion: A Rare and Preferred Five-Membered Ligand for Constructing Pentasil-Zeolite Topology Architectures.

As the fourth full-nitrogen structure, the pentazolate anion (cyclo-N5 - ) was highly coveted for decades. In 2017, the first air-stable non-metal pentazolate salt, (N5 )6 (H3 O)3 (NH4 )4 Cl, was obtained, representing a milestone in this field. As the latest member of the azole family, cyclo-N5 - is comprised of five nitrogen atoms. Although significant attention has been paid to the potential of cyclo-N5 - as an energetic material, its poor thermostability hinders any practical application. However, the unique ring structure and multiple coordination capability of cyclo-N5 - provide a platform for the fabrication of various structures, among which pentasil-zeolite topologies are the most intriguing. In addition, the introduction of structure-directing auxiliaries enables the self-assembly of diverse topological architectures, potentially imparting cyclo-N5 - with the potential to impact wide-ranging areas of coordination chemistry and topology. In this minireview, different pentasil-zeolite topologies based on metal-pentazolate frameworks are evaluated. To date, three zeolitic and zeolite-like topologies have been reported, namely the melanophlogite (MEP), chibaite (MTN), and unj topologies. The MEP topology consists of two nanocages, Na20 N60 and Na24 N60 , whereas the MTN topology contains Na20 N60 and Na28 N80 nanocages. Furthermore, the unj topology features multiple homochiral channels consisting of two helical chains. Various possible strategies for obtaining additional pentasil-zeolite topologies are also discussed.

Pentazolate Anion: A Rare and Preferred Five‐Membered Ligand for Constructing Pentasil‐Zeolite Topology Architectures

AbstractAs the fourth full‐nitrogen structure, the pentazolate anion (cyclo‐N5−) was highly coveted for decades. In 2017, the first air‐stable non‐metal pentazolate salt, (N5)6(H3O)3(NH4)4Cl, was obtained, representing a milestone in this field. As the latest member of the azole family, cyclo‐N5− is comprised of five nitrogen atoms. Although significant attention has been paid to the potential of cyclo‐N5− as an energetic material, its poor thermostability hinders any practical application. However, the unique ring structure and multiple coordination capability of cyclo‐N5− provide a platform for the fabrication of various structures, among which pentasil‐zeolite topologies are the most intriguing. In addition, the introduction of structure‐directing auxiliaries enables the self‐assembly of diverse topological architectures, potentially imparting cyclo‐N5− with the potential to impact wide‐ranging areas of coordination chemistry and topology. In this minireview, different pentasil‐zeolite topologies based on metal‐pentazolate frameworks are evaluated. To date, three zeolitic and zeolite‐like topologies have been reported, namely the melanophlogite (MEP), chibaite (MTN), and unj topologies. The MEP topology consists of two nanocages, Na20N60 and Na24N60, whereas the MTN topology contains Na20N60 and Na28N80 nanocages. Furthermore, the unj topology features multiple homochiral channels consisting of two helical chains. Various possible strategies for obtaining additional pentasil‐zeolite topologies are also discussed.

Passivating A-Site and X-Site Vacancies Simultaneously via N-Heterocyclic Amines for Efficient Cs2AgBiBr6 Solar Cells.

To address the toxicity and stability issues of traditional lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the development of lead-free PSCs, such as Cs2AgBiBr6 solar cells, is of great significance. However, due to the low defect formation energy of Cs2AgBiBr6, a large number of vacancies, including A-site vacancies and X-site vacancies, form during the fabrication process of the Cs2AgBiBr6 film, which seriously damage the performance of the devices. The traditional phenylethylammonium (PEA) cation, mainly focusing on passivating A-site vacancies, is incapable of reducing X-site vacancies and so results in a limited performance improvement in Cs2AgBiBr6 solar cells. Herein, inspired by the capability of the Lewis base to coordinate with metal cations, a series of N-heterocyclic amines are introduced to serve as a dual-site passivator, reducing A-site and X-site vacancies at the same time. The highest power conversion efficiency of modified Cs2AgBiBr6 solar cells has been increased 36% from 1.10 to 1.50%. Further investigation reveals that the higher electron density of additives would lead to a stronger interaction with metal cations like Ag+ and Bi3+, thus reducing more X-site defects and improving carrier dynamics. Our work provides a strategy for passivating perovskite with various kinds of defects and reveals the connection between the coordination capability of additives and device performance enhancement, which could be instructive in improving the performance of lead-free PSCs.

Developing Wearable (Wristband) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Drone) Advanced Technologies in Mass Casualty Incident (MCI) Response: The NIGHTINGALE PROJECT

Abstract The NIGHTINGALE PROJECT aims at transforming the landscape of Mass Casualty Incident (MCI) response by seamlessly incorporating cutting-edge technologies. At its core, this initiative leverages advanced solutions, including wearable wristbands and unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), to enhance the operational efficiency and effectiveness of MCI response teams. These technologies are designed to provide real-time data collection, communication, and coordination capabilities, offering invaluable support for first responders in chaotic and resource-constrained MCI scenarios. The successful integration of such innovative technologies within the complex operational context of MCI handling poses a series of challenges that hold the potential to reshape the existing paradigms. Therefore, NIGHTINGALE users have performed a thorough analysis of the widely operated protocols and discussed common denominators of MCI prehospital response in light of these new technological solutions, with the objective of translating recommendations into practice. Learning Objectives Gain a comprehensive understanding of the cutting-edge technologies (such as wearables and drones) that can potentially be integrated in prehospital MCI response. Learn how these technologies operate and their potential benefit in enhancing MCI response. Understand challenges and implications of technology integration into the complex operational context of MCI handling.

Antimony centre in three different roles: does donor strength or acceptor ability determine the bonding pattern?

A set of antimony(III) compounds containing a ligand (Ar) with a pendant guanidine function (where Ar = 2-[(Me2N)2CN]C6H4) was prepared and characterized. This includes triorgano-Ar3Sb, diorgano-Ar2SbCl and monoorgano-ArSbCl2 compounds and they were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (sc-XRD). The coordination capability of Ar3Sb and Ar2SbCl was examined in the reactions with either cis-[PdCl2(CH3CN)2] or PtCl2 and complexes cis-[(κ2-Sb,N-Ar3Sb)MCl2] (M = Pd 1, Pt 2) and [(κ3-N,Sb,N-Ar2SbCl)MCl2] (M = Pd 3, Pt 4) were isolated, while their structures were determined by sc-XRD. Notably, the ligands Ar3Sb and Ar2SbCl exhibit different coordination modes - bidentate and tridentate, respectively - and the antimony exhibits three distinct bonding modes in complexes 1-4, which were also subjected to theoretical studies.