Cooperation In Provision Research Articles

Роль СНГ в обеспечении международно-правового сотрудничества в области противодействия торговле людьми

Роль СНГ в обеспечении международно-правового сотрудничества в области противодействия торговле людьми

THE CONCEPT OF BUSINESS COOPERATION IN THE FORMATION OF LOGISTICS DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS

Introduction. The article is devoted to the formation of a theoretical concept about the loyalty of consumers in the distribution channels of finished products as some complex economic phenomenon. The article addresses the problem of distribution channels and their effective formation which is one of the utmost importance at present time. The results showed that distribution channels are an important link in the value chain, which contribute to achieving a balance of interests of functionally related businesses that ensure the delivery of goods from producer to consumer. It is determined that the recent changes in the activities of wholesale and retail intermediaries are associated with changes in purchasing behavior, the development of network retail, the emergence of new forms and methods of selling goods, the active use of information technology and online interaction. Goal. Development of conceptual provisions for business cooperation in marketing distribution channels. Results. It is substantiated that the traditional market space, dominated by the manufacturer, is evolving and is now taking the form of what is called a market space focused on distribution. It is proved that within this space there is a shift of emphasis from competitive relations between participants of distribution channels to relations of cooperation and partnership. This requires the development of new mechanisms of interaction in such distribution channels, taking into account the economic interests of their participants and ensuring consistency of action based on the concept of business cooperation. It is noted in the article that the need to expand the boundaries of interaction arises due to the need to increase the efficiency of enterprises through the possibility of using the skills, resources and assets of business partners. It is proved that cooperation in modern conditions becomes the basis for ideas generation, innovations development, and a source of sustainable competitive advantages that contribute to the formation of a unique strategic asset – a partnership network based on a long-term mutually beneficial relationships of business partners in the chain of created value. At the same time, the refusal to cooperate leads to differences in the interests, goals and functions of participants in marketing distribution channels, which entails conflicts and increases costs in the process of delivery of goods from producer to final consumer.

Formation and Planning of Resource Supply Chains at Regional Commodity Markets Based on the SCOR Model

Today dictates the need to reconsider the relations between the participants (subjects) of the regional economy. New trends and new approaches to doing business processes in the region require the construction of resource supply chains in the regions on the basis of self-development and self-sufficiency. There is a need to use the scientific apparatus on the basis of a system-integrated approach, which, according to the authors, is to identify sectors of the resource supply chains of regions on the basis of self-development and establish the relationship between them, forming them into a system (resources) and establishing feedback with the external environment. The article reveals the essence of the formation and planning of resource supply chains in regional commodity markets based on the SCOR-model. The study improved the conceptual and categorical apparatus of business process management at the regional level by introducing the concept of “resource supply chains of regional commodity markets” in a narrow and broad sense. The sectors of formation and planning of resource supply chains of regional commodity markets are proposed, namely: “supply – raw materials – production – distribution – consumption – utilization”. The relations that arise during the business process between the participants of the resource supply chains of regional commodity markets according to the model “3D: space – time – movement” are determined. The process of planning and formation of resource supply chains of regional commodity markets from the standpoint of integrated planning is characterized. It is recommended to form a chain of resource provision of regional and interregional responsible cooperation in the future on the basis of generalization of modern management technologies according to the model – “Flowchart SCOR”.

Konstribusi Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat dalam Penanganan HIV-AIDS di Kota Kendari : Studi Pada Lembaga Advokasi HIV- AIDS Sulawesi Tenggara

The purpose of this study was to determine how the role of NGOs in handling HIV-AIDS in Kendari City and to find out how to handle NGOs in handling HIV-AIDS in Kendari City. The subjects in this study were the Southeast Sulawesi Province Board of Directors consisting of the Director of Laha, Laha Staff, PLWHA in Kendari City, PLWHA Community, Social Service Apparatus, and Health Service Apparatus The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The results of the research show that NGO LAHA plays a role as a Facilitator, Broker, Mediator, Defender, Protector in Dealing with HIV-AIDS In the city of Kendari, the HIV-AIDS Management Program, namely Improving Communication,. Information and Education of HIV-AIDS, increases efforts to reduce the prevalence of infectious diseases sexually, increasing universal awareness in the provision of health services and cooperation between the Kendari City Government and the NGO LAHA still lacking in the handling of HIV-AIDS that occurred in Kendari CityKeywords :Handling, HIV-AIDS, NGO, Laha. Role

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF FUTURE PHYSICAL CULTURE TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IN CONDITIONS OF BLENDED LEARNING

In the article on the basis of theoretical sources’ analysis the psychological and pedagogical principles of future physical culture teachers’ professional training organization in conditions of blended learning are defined. The ideas of leading scientists concerning the blended learning constituents (training in classroom face-to-face, online e-learning and self-training in individual rate) are analysed as innovative educational technology that has powerful potential in relation to modernisation of higher education in whole and future physical culture teachers’ professional training in particular.Advantages of blended learning above traditional (economic efficiency; increase of productivity and intensity of studies; automation of processes of content transmission and knowledge level control; personalization of education) and problems that mostly arise up for students in conditions of blended learning (insufficient level of computer literacy in whole, motivation decrease as a result of technical difficulties; absence of self-discipline, problem of collaboration establishment in combined resourceful educational environment) are considered.It is marked that future physical culture teachers’ professional training is characterized by formation of metadisciplinary, general pedagogical knowledge, and also special professional abilities and skills. Therefore, in conditions of informatization the main point is the organization of combined resourceful educational environment, use of the newest technologies, personalization and differentiation, productive professional cooperation. The main characteristics of blended learning are defined: it must be student-centered, based on competence approach, oriented on formation of professional knowledge, abilities and skills of future physical culture teachers in the process of serious integration of online and offline constituents on principles of active cooperation, collaboration and co-creation.Psychological and pedagogical fundamental directions of future physical culture teachers’ professional training are found out in conditions of blended learning (positive motivation and cognitive students’ interest formation; perfection of skills of possessing educational-informative technologies, development of abilities to organize independent educational activity, provision of optimal feed-back and cooperation) taking into account the principles of leading educational theories – behaviourism, cognitivism, constructivism and conntectivism.

Trade, culture and the European Union cultural exception

ABSTRACT The article examines how the European Union has addressed the ‘trade and culture debate’ in its international trade agreements. From a cultural exception approach based on an attempt to detach culture from trade provisions, the European Union economic agreements seem to evolve to a broader and more holistic position aiming to promote cultural exchanges through cooperation, while still safeguarding policy space in cultural matters through its traditional cultural exception. The article provides an overview of the European positions to defend the specificity of the audio-visual services sector at the multilateral (World Trade Organization Agreements), regional and bilateral levels. It also examines how the implementation of the 2005 UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions has led the European Union to negotiate cultural cooperation provisions in parallel to some of its recent bilateral and regional trade agreements and the way this Convention may impact the understanding of the ‘trade and culture debate’.

Towards achieving sustainable fishing through EU trade agreements?

The European Union (EU) has been supporting its Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) through its trade powers for 40 years. This practice has evolved significantly over the years. This paper explores this evolution with respect to achieving sustainable fishing beyond EU waters. In particular, this paper examines two major ways in which the EU trade agreements impact sustainable fishing abroad. First, the discussion looks at the EU’s use of trade agreements to leverage access to the fishing resources of third States. The paper finds this EU practice to be lacking the necessary coherence and transparency and it raises doubts about the balance between commercial and sustainability concerns. Second, the discussion looks at the fisheries cooperation provisions included in the various EU trade agreements. In that regard the paper examines the changing and evolving emphasis on sustainable fishing. The paper finds that the EU’s trade agreements have evolved greatly. The contemporary EU trade agreements seek to ensure sustainable fishing as none before them have. As such the EU is successfully using them as vessels for implementing its external CFP. The EU does so by setting the agenda on the international plane and diffusing specific CFP norms through its trade agreements.

Is cooperation cost reducing? An analysis of public–public partnerships and inter-municipal cooperation in Brazilian local government

ABSTRACTIn local government systems worldwide, financial pressures have obliged local authorities to focus on cost-efficient methods for providing local services, including inter-municipal agreements and public–public partnerships. However, in comparison with municipal mergers, privatisation and other approaches to the problem, the cost impact of the cooperative provision has not yet been thoroughly examined empirically. Moreover, available empirical research has largely concentrated on waste disposal in developed countries. The present paper seeks to contribute to the empirical literature on inter-municipal agreements and public–public partnerships by comparing their impact on costs with ‘stand-alone’ provision in a range of non-waste local services. In contrast to the bulk of existing studies, our analysis takes place in a developing country context by examining Brazilian local government over the period 2013/15. We found that – on the whole – cooperative provision is less expensive than the ‘stand-alone’ provision for the services studied. Our results can be explained by the size and composition of the population, together with the politics for cooperation.

The European Identity Rationale in the EU Free Trade Agreements: Economic rather than Cultural Objectives?

In recent years, we can observe an increase of the EU Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) addressing cultural matters. The focus of the Union seems to lie on the audiovisual services sector, which is excluded by the scope of all these Agreements. This so-called ‘cultural exception’ clause does not apply to other cultural sectors, which are however still regulated in EU FTAs. The regulation takes the form of either commitments and reservations made by the Parties to a specific sector, or cooperative provisions mainly found in the Protocols of Cultural Cooperation supplementing some EU FTAs. Although not explicitly mentioning culture, other EU FTA Chapters, such as Subsidies and Intellectual Property, also entail cultural considerations. Rhetorically, the EU has considered the inclusion of cultural aspects into its FTAs as a tool to protect and promote the European identity and cultural diversity. However, both the negotiations as well as the texts of these Agreements illustrate that the motives behind this exclusion are mainly economic and political.Received: 02 July 2018 Accepted: 16 July 2018 Published online: 27 February 2019

DISTRIBUTED PARTICIPATION AND RESPONSIBILITY – IN COMPETENCE APPROACH REALIZATION IN EDUCATION

Humankind is facing unprecedented revolutions, all our old stories are crumbling, and no new story has so far emerged to replace them. How can we prepare ourselves and our children for a world of such unprecedented transformations and radical uncertainties. What and how should we teach a child that will help them survive and flourish in the 22nd century? What kind of skills will they need in order to get a job, understand what is happening around them and navigate the maze of life?In the publication topicality of all participants’, involved in the educational process, distributed partnership and responsibility has been raised and characterized in the context of the education reform implementation – in transition to the education based on competences. The need for teachers’ professional activity in efficient provision of cooperation with parents and the society is especially emphasized, as well as topicality for new productive cooperation models, which provide an opportunity to increase the new generation and society’s demand qualitatively for a new education content, knowledge, values and competences that are able to guarantee a purposeful and sustainable development both on the individual and Latvian national level.

Current issues over electronic commerce in Brazil: vertical integration between platforms and payment systems, personal data protection and international regulatory cooperation

This article focuses on the trending issues about vertical integration between payment systems and the electronic commerce platforms from a Brazilian perspective. It describes the increasing international electronic commerce and it indicates three kinds of potential risks to consumers: direct, indirect and social. It shows that vertical integration can bring some benefits, which are very difficult to measure due to the related risks. The article creates a model of the remote commerce based on an evolution of a typology of typical trade relations to shed some light over the current automatization. Afterwards, the article states that the leakage of personal information coupled with vertical integration is a major threat to electronic businesses. It describes two international cases of mass data leakage to demonstrate the difficulties faced by the national systems in regulating transnational electronic commerce and data protection. Then, the article performs an assessment of the Brazilian legal system to conclude that there is a grave lack of integration of the electronic commerce regulations and that there is an absence of international cooperation provisions designed for electronic commerce. It concludes that Brazilian law may benefit from international experiences of personal data protection, and that the new legal provisions must take in account the risks associated with internationalization and vertical integration.

Treatment of SPS Technical Co-Operation under ASEAN’s RTAs: Toward an Empowerment of Human Dignity?

This article aims to review technical co-operation provisions related to sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) matters in the ASEAN Member States’ regional trade agreements (RTAs). Such provisions could be used not only to deepen commitments under the World Trade Organization, but also promote capacity building and accelerate the granting of SPS technical assistance at national and regional levels, especially when their scope of application gives sufficient room for implementation and enables close collaboration between ASEAN and other actors such as the international standard-setting bodies. From the ‘policy-oriented jurisprudence’ perspective, the article sheds some light on understated potentials of such provisions to promote human dignity. Based on an empirical analysis, it also highlights different features of the provisions likely to ensure that SPS decision-making processes yield appropriate results, pursuing both ‘special interests’ of ASEAN such as the enhancement of policy quality and credibility and ‘common interests’ of the international community in the agri-food trade field.

Retracted: Knowledge sharing for the provision of sustainable cooperation between adult education institutions and enterprises

Access to education and the opportunity to gain practical experience is important for every individual for their personal growth, as well as for companies to create and develop new, advanced products and services through high-quality work. Knowledge sharing is an endless process, where by all parties involved need to be motivated constantly ensuring it remains sufficiently intense. The research aims to justify and develop the knowledge sharing imitation model and prototype for sustainable cooperation between adult educational institutions and enterprises. The goal involves innovative methods and web-based automated cooperation system. Imitation model of knowledge sharing describes availability of necessary information for the user, which directly affects formation of sustainable trilateral cooperation between potential trainees/working individuals, educational institutions and enterprises.

Nakládání s informacemi vyměňovanými při mezinárodní spolupráci při správě daní

Maintaining the secrecy is so important, that it prevails even over a duty to provide information to law enforcement authorities. However, information protected with the tax secrecy is exchanged with foreign tax authorities. The article focuses on handling exchanged information in foreign countries. It compares respective legal bases of the international cooperation and highlights similarities and differences between them. Finally, it concerns the possibility to deny a provision of the international cooperation.

Bifunctional catalyst of well-dispersed RuO2 on NiCo2O4 nanosheets as enhanced cathode for lithium-oxygen batteries

The electrochemical properties of Li–O2 batteries are mainly restricted by the kinetics of the OER (oxygen evolution reaction) before realizing high-rate and long-term cycling performance. Among various excellent OER catalysts, RuO2 has shown excellent catalytic activity and good electrical conductivity. Here, a bifunctional catalyst with RuO2 well dispersed on NiCo2O4 nanosheets has been studied, showing a low OER Tafel slope of as low as 58 mV/decade in alkaline media. While assembled in Li–O2 batteries with RuO2@NiCo2O4 cathode, a large specific discharge capacity as high as 17,633 mAh g−1 can be obtained at a current density of 200 mA g−1 with a coulombic efficiency of 91%. A long-term stability about 128 cycles can be achieved without much deterioration. The excellent electrochemical performance is strongly correlated with the nanosheets like structure for easy O2 diffusion, electrolyte permeation, sufficient space provision of Li2O2 deposition and cooperation of NiCo2O4 and RuO2, which exhibits excellent ORR (oxygen reduction reaction) and OER catalytic activity respectively.

Development of the Institute of Criminological Comparativistics in the Russian Federation

The article poses the task, as applied to the Russian Federation, to consider the issues of criminological comparativistics that are actually blank in the legal science. This problem is important not only for Russia. It is international in its essence. The modern world is arranged in such a way that the bearers of positive experience in the fight against crime and its receptors are equally interested in order to make the best of this part to enter public domain as soon as possible. This altruistic interest (unlike technology) is primarily due to the fact that now, in the period of highly developed technologies and ultra-mobility, criminals from different countries and continents have practically no obstacles to the improvement of their criminal activity. As for the unresolved issues of the theory and practice of proper provision of international cooperation, there are a lot of them, in contrast to the sphere of criminal interaction. Taking into account the above conceptual provisions, the content of the article was determined. In particular, the article highlights theoretical preconditions for the perception of foreign experience in fighting against crime and the priority directions for using foreign experience in preventing specific types of crimes. The problems in question were solved both in the modern and in the historical aspects by means of a criminological reference to classical sources, such as the Great Yassa created by Genghis Khan, Peter the Great Decrees, and the US financial legislation designed to overcome the Great Depression . The author's arguments on this account are justified by the jurisprudence enshrined in international documents and the national legislation of the cooperating countries. We also used the results of our joint scientific research carried out together with our foreign colleagues, our experience of working for the governing bodies of the International Association of Criminal Law (IAPM) and the International Criminological Society (ICE).

FLEXIBILITY CONCEPT IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION – EVOLUTION, SURVEY AND PERSPECTIVES

The paper presents an attempt to shed the light on the importance of flexibility concept in the context European integration. The debate on flexibility in matters relating to the European integration is not new. The concept of flexibility has always been built into the foundations of the European construction. The paper primarily focuses on the evolution of theoretical and political debate on flexibility (Chapter 2), following by analyses of categories and examples of flexibility (Chapter 3). The flexibility concept was formally recognized by the Amsterdam Treaties. The enhanced cooperation provisions of the EU Treaties, whether in their Amsterdam or Nice or Lisbon guises, represent a key manifestation of a flexibility concept (Chapter 4). Nowadays, the mechanism of enhanced cooperation has only been initiated twice: first in the area of the law applicable to divorce and legal separation and second in the area of unitary patent protection (Chapter 5). Commission’s White Paper on the future of Europe, from March 2017, offers five scenarios for the future integration models. One of them is differentiated integration based on flexibility concept (Chapter 6).

Сетевые механизмы формирования идентичностей

Сетевые механизмы формирования идентичностей представляют собой комплекс взаимосвязанных и взаимообусловленных практик в глобальном информационно-коммуникативном пространстве, способствующих индивидуальной и коллективной идентификации, интериоризации и рефлексии. Комплекс включает: механизм сетевой коммуникации, механизм рефлексивной включенности личности в публичное пространство, механизм сетевого топос-структурирования и механизм публичного краудсорсинга. Результаты эмпирического исследования показали, что функциональность механизма сетевой коммуникации для воспроизводства/позиционирования традиционных и конструирования новых идентичностей заключается в его цифровой природе (готовность и открытость к изменениям) и сетевым этосом (ориентация на интеграцию в сообщество разнообразных по ценностным ориентациям и статусам акторов, обеспечение сотрудничества между ними на основе выработки единого ценностно-нормативного комплекса). Механизм рефлексивной включенности индивидов в публичное пространство позволяет конструировать индивидуальным и коллективным акторам автономные социальные миры, требующие создания собственных виртуализированных публичных пространств, находящихся в тесной связи с общим социальным пространством. Комплекс сетевых механизмов формирует динамичную матрицу идентичности современного человека, позволяющую реализовать возможности для его развития в современных условиях формирования новой социальной реальности.

Activities of the Visegrad Group in the context of the CFSP of the EU

The Visegrad Group (V4) was formed with the aim to support Central European countries – Poland, Czechoslovakia (since 1993 the Czech Republic and Slovakia) and Hungary in their efforts to join NATO and the European Communities. V4 had to redefine its role and tasks after 2004 having achieved the set objectives in the first years of its existence. The new format of the Visegrad Group made provisions for a close cooperation between member states within the European Union. The strategy of combining potentials of the V4 states in negotiations on the EU level is based on reasonable assumptions, as it may lead to an increased significance of the region in the decision-making process. The article discusses the genesis and evolution of the V4 up to 2004. Next there is presented Visegrad cooperation in the field of the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the EU. The text analysis specific issues projecting the safety of Europe in recent years. The analysis of the commitment of V4 in the shaping of the EU CFSP will be based on source materials, mainly on documents produced by the authorities of the Visegrad Group such as presidency programmes, statements, declarations and annual reports.

Modern Trends in Continuous Professional Development of Foreign Language Teachers (On the Basis of the British Council Research)

Abstract Research conducted by the British Council concerning modern continuous professional development of teachers has been analyzed. The issue concerning foreign language teachers’ professional development has been considered. Productive approach to this process that gives a teacher the opportunities to define aspects of their professional activities that are in need of improvement and introduce appropriate strategies of their own professional development has been characterized. Direct connection between continuous teachers’ professional development and the level of students’ academic achievements has been stressed. Key characteristics of effective professional development have been defined, namely: being correspondent to actual needs of teachers and students; teachers’ involvement into the decision making concerning the content and the fulfillment of professional development; provision of cooperation and teachers’ experience exchange; collegiality presupposing common work of teachers and educational establishments in general; practicality, that is the fulfillment of professional development directly in the process of teachers’ work in class; obligatory character of professional development as indispensable part of teachers’ work; constant reflection and research; prioritizing academic achievements of students as the main stimulus for professional learning of teachers; continuity of professional development and its consideration not as separate forms of work. Modern widely used forms of teacher professional development have been analyzed, namely: self-education, common lessons planning with their further analysis; professional discussions concerning new teaching techniques and the appropriateness of their application; reflexive groups for teaching experience exchange and lessons analysis (video recording of lessons or students’ works), observation/attending teachers’ lessons with their further discussion in constructive form and without formal evaluation; participation in professional learning communities to solve urgent issues concerning school work and teachers’ professional activities; common work of teachers with curricula for detailed studying of problematic issues and their elimination; common teachers’ elaboration of learning materials for definite groups of students; participation in mentoring programs; work in online educational communities It has been proved that modern professional development of foreign language teachers shifts its focus from the competency of a teacher to the level of students’ academic achievements which is the direct indicator of a teacher’s competency.