Cooperation Activities Research Articles

탄소중립도시 실현을 위한 민관협력형 그린인프라 운영사례 연구

This study examines the operation case of public-private cooperative greeninfrastructure to realize a carbon-neutral city. The research site is Seoullo 7017, located in Seoul, South Korea, and the research period is from May 2017 ~ May 2019. The research method was based on observational surveys and literature research, and analyzed data were from the Seoul Information Communication Plaza. There were three types of public-private cooperative greeninfrastructure operations: resourcecentered- public&public cooperation, social problem solving-foundation cooperation, and technologybased - enterprise cooperation. And there were four types of analysis frameworks: greenhouse gas reduction, green growth, improvement of leisure quality of life, and community innovationAs a result of the research, public-private cooperation for the realization of a carbon-neutral city had common results in four aspects: greenhouse gas reduction, green growth, improvement of leisure quality of life, and community innovation. However, the improvement of the quality of leisure life and community innovation differed according to the type of public-private cooperation, which showed that the participation of various public-private cooperation actors improved the quality of life of various members of society and influenced innovation in local communities. Therefore, in order to realize a carbon-neutral city and increase sustainability, a customized public-private cooperation model is needed that considers its goals and targets is needed and it is necessary to discover various contents for this.

Effect of physical environment and community behavior on dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF): A literature review

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) or Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is caused by the dengue virus which is transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. The spread of this disease has become a significant global health problem, especially in countries with high levels of poverty. The purpose of this study is to understand the role of factors such as geography and social norms in the spread of dengue disease, so that it becomes the main motivation in investigating the spread of dengue cases. The approach used in this study is a Systematic Literature Review. The sources used include various international and national journals accessed through platforms such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus between 2019 and 2023. There were 22 selected articles that met the exclusion and inclusion criteria. The results of this study involve the impact of the physical environment and human behavior on DHF. Dengue prevention efforts include actions such as emptying water containers, closing water storage containers, increasing used goods, using abate powder, keeping clothes dry properly, installing wire nets in vulnerable areas, using mosquito repellent lotions, and maintaining cleanliness and behavior. good in general. Therefore, it is hoped that the village head will initiate a DHF prevention program by involving the community in cleaning the physical environment through mutual cooperation activities and the local health center will implement the DHF prevention program.

PERUSAHAAN TIDAK PATUH SYARIAH: ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB DIKELUARKANNYA PT BUKALAPAK.COM TBK DARI DAFTAR EFEK SYARIAH

The purpose of this research is to find out the causes of a company being excluded from the list of sharia securities. The research method in this research is descriptive qualitative research with the research object PT.Bukalapak.com Tbk, the data source in this research is a secondary data source with data collection in the form of documentation and literature studies and phenomenological analysis techniques. The results of the study show that the company's activities carried out by PT.Bukalapak.com Tbk conflict with sharia principles. In terms of financial ratio, PT. Bukalapak.com Tbk has usury-based debt which exceeds the total assets owned by the company. Corporate cooperation activities that violate sharia principles by supporting conventional banking activities by buying shares of ALLO Bank. PT Bukalapak.com Tbk is still trading alcoholic drinks and sex toys. PT.Bukalapak.com Tbk does not meet the criteria and the publication of the list of sharia securities is by PJOK No.35/POJK.04/2017.

Complicity in Unlawful Offensive Cyber Operations Under International Law on State Responsibility

States are increasingly engaging in cybersecurity cooperation activities and providing support to other states in offensive cyber operations. While international cooperation is generally encouraged and many cybersecurity cooperation activities are lawful, there is also a risk of being complicit in the internationally wrongful acts of other states. This paper examines the risk of complicity in offensive cyber operations under international law on aiding or assisting. It argues that, while international law in this context applies to cyber operations by states, existing uncertainties and limitations around the key components of the law on aiding or assisting are compounded by competing interpretations about how international law generally applies to state conduct in cyberspace. The paper consists of four sections. Following the introduction in section one, section two outlines some of the ways in which states are cooperating in relation to cybersecurity and offensive cyber operations. Section three examines the key elements of international law on aiding or assisting as contained within article 16 of the International Law Commission’s Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, and the extent to which these apply or are problematised in relation cyber operations. It demonstrates that article 16 adopts a broad approach to what constitutes ‘aiding or assisting’ and this captures various types of activities in support of cyber operations provided the aid or assistance contributes significantly to a wrongful act of another state, the accomplice state has knowledge of the factual circumstances and the illegality of the act by the principal state, and where the accomplice state and principal state are bound by the same legal obligation. Section four concludes by outlining the limits of cooperation in the cyber context and how states can mitigate the risk of complicity in violations of international law.

대학교육 혁신 사례 및 방안에 관한 연구

The purpose of this paper is to explore recent innovation cases and improvements related to university education. Universities in the current era are making every effort to quickly prepare and implement self-rescue improvements to fulfill their unique role and meet the trend of the times due to population decline and rapid technological development. In this study, innovation trends in domestic and foreign university education, which were investigated mainly in April-May 2023, were confirmed and related contents were presented. Recently, attempts and methods for university education innovation at home and abroad were examined, and educational discussions and improvements were sought to the extent practically possible. As a result of a comprehensively examining the contents of the research topic, it was confirmed that, in particular, in university education innovation, integrated selection, convergence education, industry-academia cooperation, flexible curriculum, building infrastructure, and learner-led in-depth learning induction methods and activities are appearing. Through this study, it is expected that we will be able to start in-depth discussions on the innovation of university education that practices learner-centered education while flexibly responding to the needs of the rapidly changing era.

Sosialisasi Sistem Jaminan Halal (SJH) untuk Produk Lumpiah Basah Produksi UMKM Markaz Kabayan, Darussalam, Banda Aceh

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the national economy’s fastest-growing and consistent business sectors. The development and growth of MSME and cooperative actors are very significant and continue to increayearry yearly, including in Banda Aceh City. MSMEs that produce food and beverages are listed as one of the businesses with potential that will continue to increase because food and beverages are basic of human needs. However, not all food and drinks are clearly halal because not all are accompanied by halal labels and certificates. The partner who assisted in the socialization of this service is Markaz Kabayan MSME. This MSME located in Banda Aceh City produces Bandung’s typical wet spring rolls. Markaz Kabayan currently does not have a halal certificate and does not aware of the application for halal certification. The service team wants to help so that the products from Markaz Kabayan can be more guaranteed and attract consumers who want to buy their products. This service activity went well and smoothly. The owner of Markaz Kabayan strongly desires to apply for halal certification following the procedures explained by the service team.

Dampak Keberagaman Agama terhadap Pola Interaksi Sosial Masyarakat Kota Makassar

Religion is one of the universal elements in human life, in which almost every human being lives. Religious life in urban communities has an impact on people’s behavior patterns. This is influenced by the human mindset that religion is a reference in interacting with society. So that in a society that has a diversity of religions (Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Catholicism and Confucianism) it will have a major influence on the patterns of social interaction that exist in society, especially in urban communities. The city of Makassar has a diversity of people, especially in terms of religion, namely Islam, Christianity, Buddhism and others. This diversity arises due to urbanization carried out by the community with the aim of making a living, studying and so on. In research using qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Collecting data in this study using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis techniques in this study used the Member Check technique. The results of the study show that in Makassar city society the impact of religious diversity on interaction patterns between people in Makassar city can be seen from their activities, for example cooperation, conflict, accommodation and competition activities. The impact of religious diversity in the city of Makassar can be divided into two, namely positive and negative impacts. The positive impact on the pattern of social interaction in society is to develop an attitude of tolerance and openness to anyone, while the negative impact is to trigger conflict between religions, as well as discrimination and exclusivism.

Measurement and prediction of the relationships among the patent cooperation network, knowledge network and transfer network of the energy storage industry in China

The commercialization process of energy storage patents affects the development of the energy storage industry. Clarifying the relationships between the characteristics of the applicants and patent transfer can facilitate technology transfer. In this study, China’s energy storage patent data from 2009 to 2021 were divided by the rolling period. Based on this, the patent cooperation network, knowledge network, and transfer network were constructed via social network analysis. The analysis reveals the following. First, the number of industry-university-research institutions that jointly apply for patents is increasing, and the knowledge field is also expanding. Cooperation and transfer activities are more frequent in the eastern developed regions of China. Second, by using grey relational analysis theory, it was found that the degree centrality, closeness centrality, and clustering coefficient of the cooperation network are closely related to the transfer network. Compared with the cooperation network, the energy storage knowledge network has a more significant relationship with the transfer network. The knowledge elements stock of patent transferor and transferee is more relevant to patent transfer activity than the patent stock. This also proves that the knowledge and cooperation networks are decoupled. Additionally, patent applicants for energy storage patents should focus not only on their past average locations to maintain the competitive advantage, but also on future location trends to seize development opportunities. Finally, the proposed recommendations can help applicants facilitate patent transfer activities in the energy storage industry by adjusting the location of the network.

A qualitative study

A qualitative study

The Policy International Cooperation on Protection Sea and Island Environment in Viet Nam and Challenges in the Implementation Process

International cooperation in the field of seas and islands’ environmental protection is considered an inevitable choice in the current development trend. VietNam in recent years has constantly expanded cooperation with maritime countries in activities on integrated management of marine resources and environment. In order to meet the current cooperation needs, state management policies are also constantly changing to match the actual situation. Nowadays, the policies regulating international cooperation activities in our country's marine resources and environment are quite complete and systematic, perfect step by step. However, we need a lot of enthusiasm to be able to come up with optimal solutions because the implementation process is also facing many difficulties. This article aims to study the current status of international cooperation policies on marine environmental protection as well as the challenges in the practical implementation of this policy system.

Plurality Awareness In Surakarta-Indonesia: Conflict of Map, Awareness of Elite, and Future Challenges

The purpose of the study is to describe pluralism in society and active efforts or positive interactions in the pluralistic environment to create harmony, tolerance, and mutual respect. This research employs qualitative analysis and descriptive analysis as its technique for analyzing the data. The researcher uses his logic when discussing this research, in which the researcher is an instrument of the research. The validity of the result of this research is carried out by data triangulation analysis. The process of validating the result is also carried out with a focus group discussion which involves seven expert lecturers in the history of civilization. In practice, recognition can be made verbally, in documents, and in behavior (attitude). Active efforts or positive interactions can be in the form of mutual cooperation activities, willingness to get along, helping each other, visiting each other, gathering in a forum to solve a problem, or other activities. In principle, conflicts that have occurred in Surakarta can be identified and triggered by several factors: ethnics factors; political factors (macro politics, national and micropolitics, regional; economic factors (the dominant factor); the factor of social segregation, which consists of social segregation based on ethnic trading area, social segregation based on religious territory, and cultural segregation between the Kasunanan and Mangkunegaran communities having different characteristics.

Tradisi Salai Jin Sebagai Modal Sosial Masyarakat Tidore Kepulauan

The Tidore people are people who still adhere to the traditions passed down by their ancestors. One of the traditions in question is the Salai Jin ritual. Viewed from the aspect of social relations, this tradition characterizes social interaction between people. The Salai Jin ritual is basically a ritual which, according to local people's beliefs, allows communication between humans and supernatural beings with various purposes. Among the purposes of this ritual is to establish cooperation to ensure safety and health. The researcher is interested in examining (1) the values of the Salai Jin ritual as one of the social assets of the Tidore archipelago community, and (2) the meaning and internalization of the values of the Salai Jin ritual in the social life of the Tidore archipelago community. Designed as a descriptive qualitative research, data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. Meanwhile, triangulation is used to validate research data. After the data has been analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, this study captures several social phenomena related to the Salai Jin ritual in the Tidore Islands community, including, (1) the Salai Jin ritual contains values of togetherness, bari (mutual cooperation), empathy, and social care, and (2) the meaning of these values is to build good communication and cooperation based on the values and norms prevailing in society. The actualization of the Salai Jin ritual as social capital can be found in various mutual cooperation activities such as building houses, wedding celebrations, dina (the tradition of commemorating those who have died), and other community social activities.

THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVES IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATIVE MEMBERS IN TUBAN DISTRICT

This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The subject of this research is the field of cooperatives at the Office of Cooperatives for Small and Medium Enterprises and Trade in Tuban Regency and cooperative actors. The research instrument is the researcher himself. Data collection techniques used are observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data display, and conclusion or verification. The theory used in this study uses the opinion put forward by Soerjono Soekanto which consists of a formal role, an informal role, an active role, and a participatory role. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the formal role of cooperatives as providers is part of supporting capital and formal institutions that provide for the needs of cooperative members and the general public, the informal role of cooperatives is an implicit (emotional) role, so when many members actively save, pay contributions, then the turnover of cooperative funds becomes smooth, the active role of cooperatives is holding annual meetings with members or RAT, the passive role of cooperatives is that there are no activities such as Annual Member Meetings so there are no reports to Diskopumdag and participatory roles are when cooperatives and their members both understand their roles and working together to advance the cooperative. It can be seen that the role of cooperatives is very important in helping the community's economy, especially those who are members of cooperatives, so the existence of cooperatives, both active and inactive, needs to be encouraged and facilitated to develop the quality of cooperative management so that the existence of cooperatives can help the economic development of the community, especially to encourage improvement the economy and welfare of its members.

DIPLOMAȚIA CULTURALĂ A ROMÂNIEI. STUDIU DE CAZ: SĂRBĂTORIREA INTERNAȚIONALĂ A SEMICENTENARULUI UNIRII TRANSILVANIEI CU ROMÂNIA (1968)

International system was built on the basis of inter-state relations, depending on power relations. Theories of international relations have described the global system from military perspectives, ignoring other areas of analysis, because cooperation was not a realistic scenario. The international system has often been described as anarchic, as mistrust was often more evident. Cultural diplomacy was a concept that began to be used in 60’s of the last century in Western Europe to describe cultural cooperation activities as opposed to propaganda, which had fallen into popular disfavor at the beginning of the post-war period. The easing of hostility between the United States and the Soviet Union and the openness of the international system were the main perspectives that led to the enhacement of Romania’s cultural diplomacy. During this time, the dependence on Moscow has gradually decreased toward minimal relations and cooperation on certain levels.The purpose of this study is to analize a historiographical area which has not been researched enough, and to provide new perspectives on the chosen topic. The hypothesis of this study is: How did the Socialist Republic of Romania use the Semicentennial to promote itself externally? The bibliography of this research was built from the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, documents from the U.S State Department and documents from the Central Intelligence Agency.

Evaluation of chemical grouping workflows for flavor inhalation risk assessment: Selected furan moiety-containing chemicals as a case study

Read-across and chemical grouping approaches are increasingly utilized in risk assessment and regulatory submissions. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has established Chemical Group (CG) 14, which contains furfuryl and furan derivatives both with and without side-chain substituents; however, the rationale for this grouping is not available based on current EFSA documentation. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the chemicals belonging to CG14, evaluate the constituent chemicals for metabolic, biological, and toxicological properties via clustering tools, and apply existing chemical grouping workflows for identifying representative chemicals for this group to support testing strategies. Membership to CG14 was difficult to identify, and varied by EFSA source (e.g., published reports, OpenFoodTox database). Based on predictions from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) Toolbox, ChemACE, SMARTCyp, and WhichCyp, as well as data extracted from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) on CompTox Chemicals Dashboard and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) Dossier, no suitable metabolic, toxicological, structural, or mechanistic clustering method was identified for CG14. Biological effect data were too sparse to refine the chemical subgroupings within CG14 with confidence based on existing read-across principles for chemical grouping. This paucity of data limits the development of a tiered testing strategy in which more complete testing would be conducted for selected representative CG14 compounds only. Therefore, efforts to generate key pieces of data (e.g., mode of action [MOA], metabolism) for chemical grouping and read-across are needed to apply this workflow to EFSA CG14.

Collaboration of Local Potentials in Supporting Sustainable Development (A Study in Kaserangan Village, Pontang Sub-District, Serang Regency)

Student Community Service (Kuliah Kerja Mahasiswa/KKM) is an activity that provides experiences in empowering communities which becomes a golden opportunity for students to express their ideas, innovations, and thoughts that sharpen critical thinking. Through the implementation of KKM, it is expected that students are able to develop social and personal competencies. The community service methods carried out by KKM Group 112 students are through KKM orientation, entrepreneurship counseling and mentoring for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), mutual cooperation activities, digital marketing education seminars, halal studies socialization, sexual violence socialization, and teaching at elementary schools and kindergartens. The target audience of this activity is the surrounding community of the KKM location, which consists of housewives, micro-business owners, and children of Kaserangan Village.

An Overview of the Strength of Implementing Democratic Values in an Islamic Boarding School Atmosphere

This study aims to explore and describe the power of implementing democratic values in the atmosphere of the Darul Istiqomah Islamic boarding school in Padangsidimpuan City. This study uses case study research with qualitative characteristics. The process of collecting data in this study through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies The results of the study show: An overview of the strength of implementing democratic values in the atmosphere of the Darul Istiqomah Islamic boarding school in Padangsidimpuan City, Learning design activities, Learning process activities, Socializing activities and activities in the dormitory, Monthly activities and students' days, Civics Learning Activities, Ta'awun activities, Learning activities on fiqh and Ahklak materials, Activities giving sanctions or punishments, Flag ceremony activities and PHBN, Social and cooperation activities, Pencak Silat extracurricular activities and others.

MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG KEBERSIHAN DAN KEINDAHAN LINGKUNGAN MELALUI KEGIATAN GOTONG ROYONG DAN PENGHIJAUAN DI DESA TANDEM HILIR II

This community service activity aims to increase public awareness and concern for the cleanliness and beauty of the environment around the community in Dusun IX, Desa Tandem Hilir II. The method used in this activity is the socialization method regarding the importance of cleanliness and the beauty of the surrounding environment and inviting the community to take part in the Mutual Cooperation and Greening activities that we are currently carrying out. Based on the results of the activity, it can be concluded that this activity can be said to be successful and the community around Dusun IX Desa Tandem Hilir II, is very enthusiastic in participating in the Mutual Cooperation and Greening activities which are hoped that later the community will care more about the cleanliness and beauty of the environment.

COMMUNICATION OF MUTUAL ASSISTANCE IN THE MELEMANG TRADITION OF KARANG RAJA MUARA ENIM VILLAGE

This study aims to elucidate the communication pattern of the lemang tradition of mutual aid as a cultural inheritance passed down from generation to generation in Karang Raja Village, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra. This cooperation communication research is qualitative in design, with the object of study being cooperation activities in the lemang tradition. Residents of Karang Raja Village served as research subjects. Non-participant observation, interview approaches, and document analysis were employed to collect data from three critical informants. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman interactive model, which goes through data reduction, data display, verification, and concluding. The study’s findings show that: 1) the lemang tradition is an ancestral heritage with symbols associated with religious, customary, and social values; 2) mutual cooperation communication is an inseparable part of the lemang tradition itself, which is the behavior of togetherness, kinship, loyalty, and the culture of eating together with the people of Karang Raja Village; and 3) the communication pattern of gotong royong that was formed was carried out by the people of Karang Raja Village before and after the implementation of the lemang tradition on 10 Muharram. These three things demonstrate the residents of Karang Raja Village’s devotion to the identity of regional traditions passed down through centuries, constantly living in harmony, peace, and a high level of cohesiveness. The study’s conclusion shows that the lemang tradition reflects the communication of mutual cooperation carried out from generation to generation and tends to have a vertical pattern.

ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNICATION PATTERNS BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM IN MANAGEMENT OF LUBUK LARANGAN IN SUBAYANG RIVER

Lubuk larangan is tradition and also a means of communication based on local wisdom in managing the river and forest environment in Kampar Kiri Hulu District, Kampar Regency. This study aims to explain environmental communication pattern based on local wisdom in the management of Lubuk larangan in the Subayang River, Kampar Regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method using an interactive model. There were six informants who were selected purposively. The results show that environmental communication is based on the local wisdom of the community that has been passed down from generation to generation. Traditional leaders (ninik mamak) play an important role in conveying messages of environmental concern in preserving the preservation of the forbidden pits (lubuk larangan), rivers and forest. This hereditary tradition forms local wisdom as a form of joint action through deliberation and mutual cooperation activities. The community manages the lubuk prohibition through communication based on customary law, rituals, myths, phrases, proverbs, and the annual tradition of catching fish (mencokou). This channel of communication through customary laws, myths and traditions is very effective in conserving the Subayang river and forest areas. The environmental communication based on local wisdom in the Subayang River contributes to supporting the preservation of natural resources of forests, rivers, fish and existing ecosystems. Stakeholders such as local governments, universities, mass media, NGOs, companies and the community must synergize with each other in developing local wisdom as a tourist area so that it can be of added value.