Conventional Street Lighting Systems Research Articles

Low cost of smart unilateral street lighting system with photovoltaic power plant using particle swarm optimization

The conventional street lighting system has played an important role in our modern life to keep the buildings and roads safe and active using constant light mode during all the night from the sunset to sunrise; however its high energy consumption, and maintenance cost are considered the huge challenges facing the country’s economy. The smart street light system is currently used as the best option to solve these problems. In our project a smart unilateral street light system was implemented using advanced technology in our experimental site in the south-west of Algeria. The prototype significantly decreased the consumed energy compared to that of the conventional street light system. A Standalone Photovoltaic Plant (SPP) is designed and sized to meet various energy requirements such as street light and photovoltaic pumping in order to isolate the whole system from the power grid. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to study the cost function to improve the economic feasibility.

A MODEL OF AN AUTONOMOUS SMART LIGHTING SYSTEM USING SENSORS

Traditional street lighting systems receive data about daylight levels and adjust lighting. However, in such conditions, energy consumption increases since the sensors of such systems receive data on only one indicator which is daylight. Therefore, a suitable automated intelligent lighting system model is needed. Intelligent lighting systems can adjust the brightness of the light not only based on natural data, but also based on the movement of vehicles and people. This paper describes the development, implementation, and testing of a smart lighting system model to increase energy efficiency and high reliability. This system is controlled by a micro-controller programmed to control the lighting and receive data from sensors for processing with good efficiency. Distributed sensors record environmental conditions such as daylight and traffic. Photo-resistors change resistance in daylight to light up the streets at night. The HC-SR501 infrared motion sensor detects objects emitting infrared radiation (heat) in the controlled motion zone and sends a signal to the micro-controller. The intelligent lighting system uses LED's, which consume less energy and achieve high efficiency. Calculations show that the efficiency of using these lamps is almost 70%, compared to what is used in conventional street lighting systems.

Intelligent Road Illumination Network using IoT

Abstract: In day-to-day life electricity has been an area of concern worldwide. There are not many sources for nonrenewable sources and most of the power generation stations, they are based on fuels that are conventional. Street lights are one of the consumable sources of electricity that are essential parts of the day-to-day life. The conventional street lighting systems require manual operation and also consume a large amount of power as they are in powered on condition from evening to early morning. The conventional manual operated street lighting systems consume a large amount of power, need manual operators and heavy cost on installation which has been a great disadvantage and an area of major concern. The costs of energy can be reduced immediately to 35% through intelligent on/off mechanism and targeted organized way of power consumption. The aim of this project is conservation of energy by reducing electricity wastage and to minimize the manpower. The idea utilizes Light Emitting Diodes (LED) that doesn’t take huge amount of power and being directional light sources, it can radiate light in specific direction thereby improving the efficiency of the streetlamps. Using LDR with LED lights the intensity can be controlled. IR sensors utilized on one roadside send signals for the LEDs to get glowing for the next specific section of the road after sensing the density and movement of pedestrians.

Adaptive Control of Streetlights Using Deep Learning for the Optimization of Energy Consumption during Late Hours

This paper presents an adaptive control scheme for streetlights by optimizing the energy consumed using deep learning during late hours at night. A city’s infrastructure is not complete without a proper lightening system for streets and roads. The streetlight systems often consume up to 50% of the electricity utilized by the city. Due to this reason, it has a huge financial impact on the electricity generation of the city. Furthermore, continuous luminosity of the streetlights contributes to the environmental pollution as well. Economists and ecologists around the globe are working hard to reduce the global impact of continued utilization of streetlights at night. In regard to a developing country which is already struggling to produce enough electrical energy to fulfill its industry requirements, proposing a system to lessen the load of the energy utilization by the streetlights should be beneficial. Therefore, an innovative and novel energy efficient streetlight control system is presented based on embedded video processing. The proposed system uses deep learning for the optimization of energy consumption during the later hours. Conventional street lighting systems consume enormous amounts of electricity, even when there is no need for the light, i.e., during off-peak hours and late at night when there is reduced or no traffic on the roads. The proposed system was designed, and implemented and tested at two different sites in Karachi, Pakistan. The system is capable of detecting vehicles and pedestrians and is able to track their movements. The YOLOv5 deep-learning based algorithm was trained according to the local requirements and implemented on the NVIDIA standalone multimedia processing unit “Jetson Nano”. The output of the YOLOv5 is then used to control the intensity of the streetlights through intensity control unit. This intensity control unit also considers the area, object and time for the switching of streetlights. The experimental results are promising, and the proposed system significantly reduces the energy consumption of streetlights.

Cloud-based energy efficient smart street lighting system

Background/Objectives: Pakistan is experiencing significant energy crises for the last two decades. The increasing power demand cannot be controlled with traditional energy techniques. The conventional street lighting system remains ON all over the night. Consequently, a huge amount of energy is wasted. To overcome the shortage of energy, an efficient smart lighting system is proposed. Methods: The prime thought to accomplish is ``Energy on-demand\'\' i.e. handed-in wherever, whenever required. To achieve this goal, the cloudbased smart street lighting system provides a feasible solution. The proposed system uses an Arduino and its various shields based on a movement-based actuation system like Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), automate the street lighting system. This design is executed and implemented on a one-way road and its results are carried out at three different scenario cases. The analysis is done by a decision-making module that obtains results from the sensor (LiDAR). Findings: The availability of low cost advanced devices like LiDAR, Arduino, cloud storage, and the accessibility of wired and wireless connection, smart street lighting system becomes a reality. The proposed system is beneficial to overcome the CO2 emission. Further, it will also be helpful to avoid the unnecessary consumption of streetlight as well as to reduce power utilization and save energy up to 99%. Applications: This proposed framework has an immense potential to revolutionize street lighting and to achieve the demand for a smart street lighting system that is easy to maintain, durable, and reliable. Keywords: IoT; cloud; LiDAR; street lighting system; Arduino

SRESLi: SMART RENEWABLE ENERGY STREET LIGHTING SYSTEM

Conventional street lighting systems do not allow controlling the light intensity depending on the traffic of pedestrians or vehicles, only operate in two automatic modes (on/off) according to the availability of daylight and consume enormous amounts of electric energy. In this article, we describe the design, development and implementation of a new intelligent street lighting system that is based on LED technology, an energy-efficient embedded wireless control device (hardware) designed from scratch, and photovoltaic solar energy. The embedded device includes specialized firmware and an energy-efficient wireless communication protocol, that allows to form a network of infrared sensors to detect pedestrians and vehicles, so as to control and dim the LED luminaires. We implemented a pilot system in a back road of the campus of Universidad Privada Boliviana, in the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia, where energy consumption measurements confirm energy savings of 72.8% thanks to the developed intelligent control system.

Multi Function Electric Pole

Today electricity is a major concern worldwide and most of the power generation stations are based on conventional fuels like coal but we have limited sources of these non renewable fuels. So as to minimize the dependence on these sources, we have to move on to new and renewable sources like solar and wind, etc. However proper usage of electricity could also be one of the effective tools for saving the conventional fuels. Street lights are one of the most crucial parts for public lighting systems which consume a major part of the generated electricity. The conventional or manual controlled street lighting system has demerits like high power consumption, high cost and absence of effective monitoring system. This paper describes an energy efficient approach of multi-functional electric pole, which can generate electricity using wind and solar resources. This system can effectively overcome the demerits of any conventional street lighting system.

Pulse Width Modulation Based Decentralized Street LED Light Dimming System

<p>The high power consumption of conventional street lighting systems, and the consequences on environmental ecosystem due to continuous turning ON of light, have led researchers to seek solutions to this problem. LED light dimming system has been presented in many studies using computerized systems with or without wireless monitoring facility. The demerits of these systems include complexity, high cost and unfixed data transfer speed. This paper proposes to reduce power consumption of street lighting through a decentralized light dimming system that is based on Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). This is in addition to replacing conventional high power lamps with lower power LED lamps. The dimming control circuit of this system is fixed on each pole and controlled individually resulting in faster and more reliable response. The proposed system uses the available infrastructure and is suitable for small or main streets regardless of the number of light poles. It is also flexible in its coverage distance due to the freedom of motion detector selection. The advantages of using LED lighting on the environment as compared to conventional lighting are explained. Simulations reveal the effectiveness of the proposed system on energy saving and on the environment.</p>

Energy saving in the street lighting control system\u2014a new approach based on the EN-15232 standard

The street lighting is one of major components in total energy consumption in cities. The paper is focused on a concept of street lamp control systems and function organization with remote monitoring, to reduce maintenance costs and energy consumption. A new approach to the definition of functional strategy organization for outdoor lighting systems is introduced in the paper. Proposed functional strategies are based on four efficiency classes of building automation and control systems (BACS) defined in the EN 15323 standard. They have been formulated, analysed and eventually implemented and verified in real experiment street lighting installation. This outdoor lighting system, designed by the authors, based on LonWorks (the ISO/IEC EN 14908) platform with a power line communication aimed to control high-pressure sodium lamps. The street lamps are integrated nodes of a building management system (BMS). The results of experimental tests for the proposed functional strategies, implemented with various control scenarios, show that they provide a great potential in reducing energy consumption by street lighting installations. In particular, the energy use can be reduced even by 45 % in comparison to conventional street lighting system, especially without the use of monitoring and control.

Development of a Smart Solar-Powered LED Street Lighting System for Greener Community

The major objective of the study was to design and develop a Smart Solar-Powered LED Street Lighting System for a Greener Community. The project is different from conventional street lighting systems not only in the sense that it uses solar energy, but more importantly, it is also a stand alone device that provides for an efficient energy management program that ensures effective maintenance and reduced energy wastage due to malfunctioning lighting controls. In addition, it is much cheaper to fabricate and maintain as compared with its commercially available counterparts. One important feature of the project is that it automatically controls the brightness of the LED lamp depending on a particular time of day, especially in cases where full level illumination is not needed, thus reducing power consumption. It automatically activates and deactivates lighting depending on the hours whereby daylight is sensed, thus ensuring a continuous cycle of charging and discharging the storage battery for maximum efficiency. All of these functions are possible since the project uses a controller, allowing for variable settings of time activation as well as brightness level, depending on the preference of the end-users. The project functioned according to expectations, being a cheaper and environment-friendly alternative as compared with its commercially available counterparts. It also provided a cost-effective approach to managing street lighting systems in a wide variety of applications.

Cost Effective Automated Street Lighting Control

Roads and their lighting systems are important facilities of local municipals. Most conventional street lighting systems are switched on/off at regular intervals of time. The consequence is that a large portion of electrical energy consumed by the street lighting is wasted meaninglessly if the road traffic is low. With the increasing interest in the global energy consumption and green environment requirement, automated street lighting system raises much interest around the world. In this paper, a cost effective and energy efficient automated street light control based on microcontroller and ZigBee wireless network is proposed. The street lamps are automatically controlled with the ambient light conditions, the road pedestrian and vehicle traffic conditions, and the neighbor traffic conditions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i5.6446

PLC based Smart Street Lighting Control

Conventional street lighting systems in most of the areas are Online at regular intervals of time irrespective of the seasonal variations. The street lights are simply switched on at afternoon and turned off in the morning. The consequence is that a large amount of Power is wasted meaninglessly. As energy consumption is an issue of increasing interest, possible energy savings in public street lighting systems are recently discussed from different viewpoints. The purpose of this work is to describe the Smart Street Lighting system, an approach to accomplish the demand for flexible public lighting systems using a Programmable Logic controller (PLC). The main difference from other computers is that PLCs are armoured for severe conditions such as dust, moisture, heat, cold etc., and have the facility for extensive input/output (I/O) arrangements. In the proposed paper, street lights are controlled using millennium 3 PLC taking the seasonal variations into consideration.