Conventional Teaching Research Articles

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis IPAS di Sekolah Dasar

Education in Indonesia faces great challenges in improving students' critical thinking skills, especially in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subjects. Conventional teaching methods that are still widely used, such as lectures, often limit student engagement and reduce their ability to solve problems. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on students' critical thinking skills at SD Negeri 2 Dauh Puri. Using a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques, this study reveals that the application of PBL significantly improves students' critical thinking skills. Students become more active in learning, able to analyze problems in more depth, and collaborate in groups to find solutions. In addition, the PBL model also helps students relate the knowledge gained to real-life situations in everyday life. The discussion shows that PBL not only improves critical thinking skills, but also supports the development of 21st century skills such as creativity, collaboration, and communication. Thus, the implementation of PBL can be an effective solution in improving the quality of learning in elementary schools, preparing students to face future challenges, as well as strengthening important skills needed in daily life.

Outdoor Learning: Changing The View Of The Boring Subject Of Pancasila Education In Elementary School

Pancasila Education as a compulsory subject in elementary schools is often seen as boring learning due to monotonous and conventional teaching methods. This study aims to examine how the implementation of outdoor learning methods can be an effective solution in changing students' perceptions of Pancasila Education subjects. Using a systematic literature review method, this research analyzes various reference sources related to the implementation of outdoor learning in learning Pancasila Education at the elementary school level. The method in writing this article uses a case study method with data collection techniques, namely interviews, observations, and literature studies. The results showed that outdoor learning succeeded in changing the learning paradigm from theoretical to more dynamic and meaningful. This method allows students to observe, feel, and practice Pancasila values directly through real experiences in the surrounding environment. Some effective implementation strategies include contextualized material planning, outdoor deliberation simulation, project-based approach, and joint reflection. The implementation of outdoor learning is proven to increase students' interest in learning and understanding of Pancasila Education materials, as well as help internalize Pancasila values through meaningful hands-on activities.

EFFECT OF MULTIMODAL LITERACY ON READING ABILITY OF INDONESIAN JAVANESE LEARNERS

Over the past few years, the use of multimodal literacy in education has emerged as an effective educational tool in language instruction worldwide. As a result, language instruction methods have been replaced by conventional instruction with multimodal literacy, which has the potential to enhance learners’ engagement and comprehension of reading, particularly Javanese script. This quasi-experimental study aims to determine the effect of using multimodal literacy on reading ability of Javanese script learners and to find out Javanese learners’ attitudes of using multimodal literacy on their reading ability. The sample included 72 language learners at a senior high school in central Java, Indonesia. The pretest and posttest mean scores in Javanese script reading ability between the control group and the experimental group were analysed. The results indicate that the use of multimodal literacy as an approach effectively enhances the ability and fluency of Javanese script reading in underperforming learners. Additionally, learners reported positive attitudes towards multimodal literacy. This study suggests that multimodal literacy may be integrated into the Javanese language curriculum as it is more relevant to students’ learning preferences, and it is more responsive to diverse learning modes.

Analyzing ChatGPT's Sustainability as a Language Learning Tool: Saudi EFL Learners' Perspectives, Problems and Pedagogical Prospects

The study assessed Saudi EFL students' perspectives on ChatGPT's incorporation into EFL classrooms for language acquisition and instruction, challenges and barriers, and pedagogical prospects. 212 respondents were randomly selected from different stages of the undergraduate programs at the College of Business Administration and College of Science & Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, KSA. A questionnaire with self-designed and partially incorporated items from existing studies was utilised to collect the data from the respondents. The data was analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics. It was found that Saudi EFL learners held an immensely favorable perspective on the efficacy of ChatGPT incorporation into EFL classrooms. It was also found that ChatGPT-powered classrooms posed certain challenges such as erroneous results, plagiarism and reproduction, professional integrity, listening and speaking, failure to think critically, and incapability to understand cultural and psychological contexts embedded in idioms and language expressions. However, it was also found that ChatGPT, despite its limitations, offers significant educational implications as it can satisfy learners' specific needs better than conventional language learning and teaching methods.

The Effects of Adaptive Gamification in Science Learning: A Comparison Between Traditional Inquiry-Based Learning and Gender Differences

Gamification has become a topic of interest for researchers and educators, particularly in science education, in the last few years. Students of all educational levels have consistently faced challenges when grasping scientific concepts. However, the effectiveness of gamification, especially in terms of academic performance, has shown mixed results. This has led researchers to explore a new alternative approach, adaptive gamification. Our study compared the effects of adaptive gamification with traditional inquiry-based learning. Two classes of 9-year-old students participated, with the experimental group using adaptive gamification and the control group following a more conventional teaching approach using inquiry-based lessons and experiments. Both groups were tested before and after the lessons, and their results were analyzed using SPSS. The findings revealed that while both groups showed a significant difference after the lessons, the experimental group had significantly higher scores than the control group. Particularly significant results were observed regarding learning improvements based on students’ gender, with female and male students in the experimental group demonstrating significant improvement. In contrast, in the control group, only the male students displayed significant learning improvement. This research contributes significantly to the relatively new field of adaptive gamification in science education and the improvement of students’ science learning, particularly in the context of gender differences.

Training On Making Website-Based Learning Media And Developing Students' Integrated Skills In Learning English At The Excelsis Deo Community Learning Center (PKBM) Manado

ABSTRACT This activity explores the implementation of integrated skills in English language learning and the incorporation of website-based learning media at the Excelsis Deo Manado Community Learning Activity Center (PKBM). The research addresses challenges in English education, including low student motivation, conventional teaching methods, and limited use of learning media. An integrated skills approach using children's literature is proposed to enhance language proficiency and cultural awareness. To support this method and overcome media limitations, the study introduces training on creating website-based learning media for teachers. This training covers web design, content management systems, and interactive element creation, aiming to produce engaging online learning environments. The combination of integrated skills teaching and modern, website-based learning media is expected to significantly improve students' English language skills and overall learning experience. This approach not only addresses current educational challenges but also bridges the gap between traditional pedagogy and contemporary learner needs, while providing older teachers with opportunities to adapt to new educational technologies. Keywords: Integrated skills, Website-based learning media, Students and Teacher Training, Children's literature.

A quasi-experimental study on the effectiveness of augmented reality technology on english vocabulary learning among early childhood pupils with learning disabilities

This study addresses a gap in research by aiming to investigate the efficacy of augmented reality technology on vocabulary development for early EFL childhood pupils diagnosed with learning disabilities—a demographic known for significant learning challenges. A quasi-experimental design involving 30 pupils split into experimental and control groups was employed. The experimental group was taught using AR technology, while the control group received conventional instruction. Over a three-month period, both groups were assessed using a pre and post-test designed to measure vocabulary skills: recognition, recall, guessing, and production. Results revealed that the experimental group, exposed to augmented reality, outperformed the control group in all four vocabulary learning skills. This enhancement can be attributed to augmented reality's ability to engage the pupils' visual, aural, and kinesthetic senses, making learning more immersive and interactive.

The Effect of Learning Using the Structural Analysis Method on Students' Understanding of Poetry in Wasiat Renungan Masa by Maulana Syaikh

This study investigates the impact of the Structural Analysis Method on students' understanding of the poetry Wasiat Renungan Masa by Maulana Syaikh, addressing a critical gap in effective teaching methods for poetry in secondary education, where students often struggle to grasp the deeper meanings of literary works. The research was conducted with 54 students in class XI Science (IPA) and class XI Social Science (IPS) at MA NW Ar-Rahmaniyah Senyiur, using a quasi-experimental design with a Nonequivalent Control Group to ensure reliable comparisons. The experimental group was taught using the Structural Analysis Method, which focuses on dissecting the structural elements of the poem, while the control group received conventional instruction without emphasis on such analysis. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests designed to measure students' understanding of key poetic elements. The collected data were analyzed using parametric statistics, including t-tests, to compare the groups' performance in a statistically rigorous manner. The results show a significant improvement in poetry comprehension for the experimental group, with an average gain score of 19.5, compared to 9.0 in the control group. Statistical analysis using a t-test confirms a significant difference (t-value = 11.54, p < 0.001) between the two groups. The study concludes that the method is highly effective in enhancing poetry understanding and suggests broader applications in literature education, particularly in improving students' ability to analyze and interpret complex texts more effectively.

The Impact of Macromedia Flash Utilization in Cone Material on Class IX Students' Conceptual Comprehension

This research seeks to ascertain the impact of Macromedia Flash on the conceptual comprehension of ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 5 Pagaralam regarding cone content. This research employs an experimental design utilizing a Pre-test - Post-test control group methodology. The research utilized observation sheets and essay-format test question sheets as instruments. This study included 29 students who engaged with Macromedia Flash media and 30 students who received conventional instruction. Data gathering methods are conducted by observation and testing. The research findings demonstrate that students utilizing Macromedia Flash learning media exhibit a superior comprehension of topics compared to those engaged in traditional learning methods. The average percentage score for concept understanding indicators was 83.28 in the experimental class and 67.07 in the control class. The experimental class surpasses the control class. Consequently, the utilization of Macromedia Flash affects pupils' comprehension of topics.

The Role of AI and Machine Learning in the Future of Remote Education

The fast development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies has had an influence, on different industries with education being one of the most changed. Incorporating AI and ML into education platforms has transformed conventional teaching and learning methods making personalized learning experiences easier automating administrative duties and improving the efficiency of educational delivery. This article delves into the role played by AI and ML in shaping the future of online education focusing on their practical applications, advantages, and the potential obstacles they may present. By examining implementations across different educational levels this research underscores how these technologies have the power to revolutionize education by making it more accessible, engaging, and efficient in an ever-evolving global environment. Additionally, it delves into the implications of these technologies such as their influence on educational equality, teacher responsibilities and the integration of data driven decision making, in designing curricula and teaching approaches. The discourse also touches upon considerations surrounding data usage in educational contexts to ensure that AI and ML contribute positively while upholding student privacy rights and fairness. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Remote Education, Personalized Learning, Educational Technology

Searching for evidence-based practice: A qualitative metasynthesis of the research on Reggio Emilia practices in Australian early years settings

The Reggio Emilia Approach (REA) to early years education has attracted considerable attention over the past decades, with a growing interest in its adoption internationally. Despite a substantial body of qualitative research in the field, there remains a gap in understanding how the REA has influenced teaching pedagogies beyond the REA context. This study presents a metasynthesis of qualitative studies on Reggio-inspired practices in Australia, examining 23 articles published over the last two decades. Findings confirm the significant impact of the REA on research, teaching and learning, cementing its status as a promising avenue. Yet integrating it into Australian early years education poses challenges, necessitating proactive measures such as educator and policy maker involvement, professional development, resource support, and a rethink of conventional teaching methods.

Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbahasa Anak Usia Dini (4-5 Tahun) Melalui Metode Cakap

The development of language skills in early childhood often encounters a range of obstacles. This occurs because early childhood education frequently employs conventional teaching methods that do not sufficiently engage the children’s needs in active language use. Thus, it is necessary to develop the methods adapting to the children's needs to improve language skills in early childhood, namely the conversation method. This research aims to explain the language skills of early childhood before and after the conversation method is applied. The research design is called Classroom Action Research (CAR). In this research, there we four stages include: 1) determining the population and sample, 2) data and sources of data, 3) data collection techniques, 4) data analysis techniques. The research results show that there is an improvement in children's language skills after implementing the conversation method. This can be seen from the results of observations of teacher activities in cycle I and cycle II which have increased, from an average value of 67.40% to 83.94%. The results of observations of children's activities in cycle I and cycle II also increased, from an average value of 56.62% to 78.45%.

Analysis of the Implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum Teaching Module Based on Problem-Based Learning in Physics Education at SMA Negeri 1 Kota Jambi

This study analyzes the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum using the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model and its impact on student learning outcomes at SMA Negeri 1 Jambi. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through direct observation and analysis of learning outcomes from class XII F7 students. The results indicate a significant increase in student engagement and learning outcomes through the PBL approach, with an average score improvement of 15% compared to conventional teaching. The PBL model successfully created a collaborative learning environment that encouraged problem-solving skills development. Despite initial challenges in teacher adaptation and resource availability, the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum with the PBL model showed positive effects on student motivation and conceptual understanding. This study provides empirical evidence of the effectiveness of integrating PBL into the Merdeka Curriculum to enhance the quality of learning at the senior high school level.

Integrating Qur’an and Integer Learning in Developing Electronic Students’ Worksheet through Problem-Based Learning

Despite the growing interest in contextualizing mathematics education, research integrating Qur’an contexts into mathematics instruction remains limited. Prior studies have largely concentrated on conventional teaching methods, Qur’an-centered instruction, or Problem-based Learning (PBL) as independent approaches. This study addresses a critical gap by integrating Qur’an contexts into integer learning, supported by problem-based learning and facilitated through a technology-enhanced Electronic Student Worksheet (E-SW). The primary objective of this study is to design and assess the reliability and applicability of a Quran-based E-SW using the PBL framework for teaching integers to 7th-grade junior high school students. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) methodology with the ADDIE development model—comprising analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation phases—this research utilizes expert validation sheets and student practicality questionnaires as instruments. The study sample consists of 7th-grade students from SMP IT LHI Yogyakarta, with class 7B selected through purposive sampling. Validation results indicate that the E-SW meets established validity criteria, with scores from subject matter and media experts reaching 99 and 91, respectively, both classified as "Good." Practicality testing revealed positive student responses, yielding a practicality score of 61, categorized as "Practical." Furthermore, a paired sample t-test demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in student performance between pretest and posttest results, with a significance (2-tailed) value below 0.05 and an average N-Gain score of 0.4391, which is classified as moderate. These findings suggest that the Quran-based E-SW, structured around the PBL model, effectively enhances students' problem-solving abilities and is suitable for educational use.

Analysis of Human Anatomy Education: The Effects of a Gamified Creativity-Based Teaching Method on Students’ from Basic Psychological Needs Frustration

AbstractAccording to self-determination theory, frustration of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) leads to ill-being and negatively affects the learning process. The present study aimed to analyze the effects of a gamified creativity-based teaching method of human anatomy on basic psychological needs frustration compared with a conventional teaching method. A quasi-experimental design was employed, comparing two anatomy educational treatments (experimental and control) over a 7-week period. A total of 116 first-year students from two Spanish public universities was participated. The Basic Psychological Needs Frustration Scale was utilized, and pre- and post-treatment measurements were collected. Statistical analyses included independent samples t-tests, one-way ANCOVAs, and a factorial repeated measures ANCOVA 2 × 2 (time × treatment), comparing two groups based on time (baseline vs. follow-up) and treatment (control vs. experimental). The analysis revealed that the gamified creativity-based program achieved lower frustration of basic psychological needs compared to the control treatment (t (108) = 3.74, p < .001, d = 0.68) and a treatment effect was observed (F (1) = 9.06, p = .003, η2p = .083). Autonomy and competence frustration significantly increased in the control group, while apparently remained consistent over time in the treatment group. Baseline and follow-up significant differences were found for relatedness (t (114) = 1.12, p = .03, d = 0.4; t (110) = 2.88, p = .005, d = 0.53, respectively), as well as a treatment effect (F (1) = 7.28, p = .008, η2p = .069). These findings provide support for the idea that students’ basic psychological needs are lower frustrated with the implementation of a gamified creativity-based teaching method in anatomy education.

The Influence of Brain-Based Learning Model with Cultural Context on Critical Thinking Skills and Self-Efficacy

This study examines the interplay between critical thinking and self-efficacy, two skills that reinforce each other in learning. Critical thinking enhances students' confidence, while self-efficacy drives the continuous development of critical thinking across contexts. The research aims to (1) evaluate the effect of a brain-based learning model integrating cultural context on students' critical thinking and self-efficacy and (2) assess the model's effectiveness in enhancing these skills. Using a quasi-experimental design, the study involved Year 7 students selected through purposive sampling and divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught using the brain-based learning model with cultural context, while the control group received conventional instruction. Data were collected through pretests, posttests, and self-efficacy questionnaires. Findings revealed that the brain-based learning model with cultural context significantly improved critical thinking and self-efficacy, with the experimental group outperforming the control. Furthermore, the experimental group showed a marked increase in both skills following the intervention. The study concludes that integrating brain-based learning and cultural context, particularly in mathematics, effectively fosters critical thinking and self-efficacy and recommends its adoption in teaching practices.

Improvement of the Endotracheal Intubation Skill of Nurse Anesthesia Students Using Visual Self-evaluation in Iran: A Randomized Controlled Study

Background: One of the feedback methods is visual self-evaluation, which is a type of immediate feedback provided after a task. It is at the level of self-regulation. Mastery in learning requires accurate evaluation of clinical skills, and visual self-evaluation can help learners to master the stages of skill implementation. Objectives: The present study investigated the effect of visual self-evaluation on the endotracheal intubation skill of nurse anesthesia students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: This randomized controlled study was conducted in April and May of 2023. 63 second- and third-year nurse anesthesia students were allocated to the intervention (visual self-evaluation) and control (conventional methods) groups according to the academic year, using stratified random sampling. The skill of endotracheal intubation was taught using visual self-evaluation method in the intervention group while the same skill was taught in the control group based on the conventional methods, i.e. lecture, practical training, and practice on the mannequin under the supervision of the instructor. Visual self-evaluation and conventional teaching methods were compared in terms of learning outcomes. The endotracheal intubation skill evaluation checklist developed by hart was used to evaluate endotracheal intubation skill. The students of the intervention group also completed a questionnaire to measure their satisfaction with the visual self-evaluation method. Results: The students with a mean age of 21.53 ± 3.65 years, participated in this study. About 73% of the participants were women. The mean scores of students in the post-test compared to the pre-test in both intervention (23.56 ± 2.68 at baseline and increased to 28.87 ± 4.80) and control (24.03 ± 2.22 at baseline and increased to 25.19 ± 2.46) groups increased significantly (P < 0.001), but the mean post-test scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.001). Also, the mean satisfaction score in the intervention group was 40.79 ± 1.22 out of a maximum of 50, which indicates a very high satisfaction with the adoption of visual self-evaluation method in clinical education. Conclusions: The use of visual self-evaluation not only had a significant effect on improving the clinical skill of nurse anesthesia students but also was effective in helping them learn self-regulation and achieve mastery and independence. This method is recommended as a low-cost and effective method to be used along with other educational methods.

The Effect of Attunement on the Development of Relationship Conflict Resolution Skills

Teacher attunement is about teachers' being able to understand and empathize with the psychological experiences, worldviews, perspectives, motivations, learning capacities, skill levels, strengths, weaknesses, interests, affiliations, and affective states of students. The present study has been conducted to assess the effectiveness of teacher's attunement strategy for the development of social skills among elementary school students. It was an experimental study. The study employed a control group design with pre-test and post-test phases. Participants in the study were chosen from among sixty 6th grade students enrolled in a primary school. Using random sampling, thirty students were selected as the experimental group and thirty as the control group. For eight weeks, the control group received instruction using conventional teaching methods, whereas the experimental group received instruction using an attunement technique. The study was carried out in a Lahore government school. A statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained from the pre-test, post-test, and gain scores. According to the study's findings, the experimental and control groups were identical at first. The experimental group's post-test mean score differed significantly from the control groups. In the post-test, the experimental group fared better than the control group. The study's conclusions show that teacher sensitivity significantly improves elementary school pupils' social development. It can be inferred that 6th grade pupils' social skills are enhanced by their teachers' attentiveness. It is advised that both public and private schools employ teachers' attunement techniques to help elementary school pupils improve their social skills.

Going beyond Conventional Instruction: Using Desuggestopedia Method to Improve Yemeni Students’ Ability to Understand Collocations

Going beyond Conventional Instruction: Using Desuggestopedia Method to Improve Yemeni Students’ Ability to Understand Collocations

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PICTURE SERIES IN TEACHING WRITING RECOUNT TEXT TO THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENT OF SMP NEGERI 1 PEDAMARAN

This research aims to compare students who receive learning through picture series with students who receive conventional teaching methods. learning recount text used picture series, determined the success of learning interest students' English. Teaching English in Indonesia is learners must be able to communicate with native speakers of the language and understood that English is used as a second language in some state sectors of the nation that function as bridges to other languages, such as trade and education. The research method used in This method is quantitative which used data collection techniques through pretest and post-test at SMP Negeri 1 Pedamaran. Based on this research, the picture series method was used. could have a significant positive impact on English learning, especially in English writing skills. Students become able to write. From the results of this research, students agree that used the series drew method could improve writing skills them, about recount text. the results of their writing practice through a picture series.