Conventional Credit Card Research Articles

A review of SharENah compliant instruments for Islamic credit cards as adopted by Malaysian Financial Institutions

Islamic credit card or better known as Credit Card-i is one of the alternative banking products introduced by Islamic financial institutions in Malaysia to substitute the conventional credit card. This paper aims at reviewing the structures and instruments applied by Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia from Shariah Compliance perspectives. The method used is descriptive and positive analytical criticism which aims at improving the existing structure.

전자상거래용 사이버뱅크의 지불결제시스템 구축

상거래 활동에서 전자상거래가 차지하는 비중과 다양성이 높아 질수록 기존의 단순한 지불결제 수단에서 가치를 저장, 부여, 이전할 수 있는 새로운 형태의 지불결제 및 금융형태가 절실히 요구되고 있다. 사이버뱅크 시스템은 이러한 요구에 가장 가까운 대안으로 주목 받고 있다. 그러나 현존의 사이버뱅크 시스템은 기존은행이 사용하는 업무 프로세스를 그대로 적용하여 운영함으로, 사이버뱅크를 위한 초기 설비투자 비용이 크고, 운영, 관리 등에서 어려움이 있다. 그리고 판매자와 구매자 간의 논스톱 직접 지불결제 방식이 아닌 기존의 신용카드 방식을 사용 함으로서 가치의 저장, 부여, 이전의 기능을 충분히 사용하지 못하여 별도의 대금정산 절차가 추가적으로 필요하다. 그래서 인터넷 상에서 현금지불 기능을 할 수가 없는 등의 문제가 있다. 본 논문은 상기의 문제에 대응하기 위해 (1) 사이버뱅크용 인프라 소프트웨어 개발에 필요한 통합업무 프로세스(OPOI)를 새로이 제안하고, (2) 인터넷상에서의 전자상거래에 적용될 지불결제시스템의 새로운 업무프로세스를 제안한다. 또한 이들을 기반으로한 (3) 새로운 사이버뱅크용 지불결제시스템을 설계, 구현한다. 이를 통해 기존의 사이버뱅크 시스템이 갖는 문제점을 해결하고 차세대의 발전된 지불결제수단으로서의 사이버뱅크의 가능성을 제시한다. 본 제안시스템은 실제 구현하여 그 유효성을 확인하고 있다. In line with the enhanced weight and variety of electronic commerce in business activities, new type of payment settlement and banking system which will enable to store, create and transfer values from the existing method of payment settlement is highly required. Cyber Banking system draws strong attention being the solution of there requirements. The existing Cyber Banking system has the difficulty of operation, administration, in addition to the problem of initial facility investment of big amount, resulted from the usage of the current business process. As the existing Cyber Bank system is unable to carry out the function of storing, creating, and transferring values due to the adoption conventional credit card system instead of the application of non-stop payment system between the seller and buyer. As a result, current Cyber Bank system still imply the deficiency of non-performing cash payment function on internet. This paper describes (1) an integrated application process, One Process One Input (OPOI) which is essential for software development of the Cyber Bank, (2) an application process of payment settlement system to be applied to the electronic commerce in Internet. And then, with these for a basis, (3) design and implementation of payment settlement system through CyberBank for Electronic Commerce. Consequently, by means of this suggested process, we could attempt to solve the problem of existing Cyber Bank system and further to explore the possibility of advanced Cyber Banking being the non-stop payment settlement system. The effectiveness of this suggested system has been practically confirmed.

Secure Network Access Using Multiple Applications of AT&T's Smart Card

Fraud amounting annually to billions of dollars occurs due to the failure of conventional network access security systems, including data, voice, and credit card authorization networks. At the same time, consumers demand greater convenience in their daily lives, where a multitude of passwords and personal identification numbers, badges, keys, and other devices have become unmanageable. In response to the obviously conflicting needs, AT&T has developed a credit card sized device, the contactless AT&T Smart Card. By means of an internal microprocessor, the card provides the secure partitioning of authentication codes and data files, as well as encryption capabilities, using the data encryption standard. This paper provides a basic description of the card technology, and the overall architecture of securing access to multiple networks with the AT&T Smart Card.

A Modified Amsler Grid: a Self-Assessment Test for Patients With Macular Disease

A Modified Amsler Grid, the size of a conventional credit card, has been developed as a suitable alternate to the full-scale version. The size of the grid makes it extremely convenient for patients in our highly mobile society. When viewed twice (vertically and horizontally), it corresponds well to the topography of the central macula. In this capacity the Modified Amsler Grid is a useful adjunct to the overall management of patients with macular diseases which may potentially be associated with exudative manifestations.