Convenient Transportation Research Articles

E-Royalty Authority Platform and Overload Detection System

Our E-Royalty Authority Platform, along with an Overload Detection System, is set to transform how governments regulate mining and sand extraction. In this context, "royalty" means the government's permission for mining operations activities. This platform simplifies the granting of permits and keeps a watchful eye on resource usage. The role of transportation facilities is very important. The reason is that economic movement is not only centered on one particular area but also reaches out and involves other regions. Distribution of goods and services requires safe and convenient transportation and good road infrastructure. In practice, many heavy vehicles carry a very excessive transport load. This is due to the large distribution needs of goods to minimize operational costs. The negative impacts of overloading include the risk of accidents and road damage. This study aims to use a prototype method by utilizing the implementation of a load control system using a proximity sensor run by Arduino Uno. This concept utilizes proximity sensors to regulate transportation loads according to the standards of the Republic of Indonesia and monitor violations in real-time. The results of the study resulted in a prototype capable of detecting overload based on load height and suspension changes for loads keywords: E-Royalty, Analysis, Detection, Authority

The first mile towards access equity: Is on-demand microtransit a valuable addition to the transportation mix in suburban communities?

As cities grow, the benefits of living in them are increasingly unequally distributed. USA cities, in particular, have experienced rapid suburbanization of poverty and decreased levels of access to jobs for transit-dependent and vulnerable communities. The public transit challenges in suburbs call for innovative forms of transit to turn the tide on urban inequality. On-demand microtransit, a novel type of shared mobility provides efficient, convenient and affordable transportation. Its potential for redressing inequity had yet to be investigated fully in a suburban setting. We presented a case study from the suburbs of Minneapolis-St. Paul in Minnesota, USA. We combined unique datasets of microtransit ridership from two public transit agencies, transit surveys, land use data, and expert interviews, to conduct spatial analysis, accessibility analysis, and equity impact assessments for these suburbs. We found that microtransit enables public transit agencies to reach a larger number of vulnerable riders than fixed-route transit, particularly for commuting and trips to/from commercial areas. Microtransit also provided a cheaper alternative to ride-hailing and a faster alternative to public transit and walking, without cannibalizing ridership from fixed-rout transit alternatives. Finally, microtransit redressed transportation inequities by alleviating access inequality, reaching vulnerable rider groups effectively, and creating travel opportunities that are less spatially concentrated than those provided by traditional, fixed-route public transit. This study provided a framework for further investigations into the impact of microtransit, including in urban core or rural settings, and highlighted the impact of microtransit in reducing access inequity in a suburban environment.

공공임대주택 거주자의 주거만족도 영향요인 연구 - 서울시 행복주택을 중심으로

This study aims to comparatively analyze the influencing factors of residents’ housing satisfaction of public rental housing types in Seoul, focusing on Happy Housing, and provide policy implications. The analysis methods were t-test and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS program. Based on the result of the analysis, we find that the more satisfied the residents of Happy Housing are with their living environment (convenience of public transportation, amenities, access to public facilities, etc.), the lower the burden of economic characteristics such as security deposit or monthly rent, the higher their housing satisfaction. Residents of Happy Housing were more satisfied with their housing when the number of household members was smaller and the duration of residency was longer. However, the internal condition of the house (housing performance, interior quality, facility condition, etc.) and external condition (recreation/green space, parking/community facilities, facilities for the disabled/elderly, etc.) were not statistically significant. Based on these research findings, policy implications were recommended to improve the housing satisfaction of residents of public rental housing.

Pemetaan Ilmiah Topik Penelitian Perluasan Layanan Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Trans Jateng

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is one of the types of bus-based public transportation that provides fast, convenient, and affordable urban transportation. The BRT service in Central Java is called Trans Jateng and is managed by the Transportation Agency of Central Java Province. The operational concept of Trans Jateng is to serve routes that connect urban agglomeration areas in the province of Central Java. Trans Jateng plans to develop future services grouped into service corridors based on the existing development areas in Central Java, including the Kedungsepur, Wanarakuti, Banglor, Bregasmalang, Petanglong, Subosukowonosraten, Barlingmascakeb, and Purwomanggung agglomerations. In addition to opening new corridors, the development of Trans Jateng BRT services can also be carried out by expanding existing services; therefore, a comprehensive study is essential to monitor and track the progress of the research. This paper will map the literature on service expansion, BRT, and Trans Jateng. The literature database was taken from Google Scholar and analyzed using the VOSviewer tool with a mapping of previous research. The results of this research are highly useful for understanding the current development of research on the expansion of Trans Jateng BRT services in the future.

Research on the improvement of conventional public transportation in the context of population aging

With the aggravation of the trend of population aging, the conventional bus planning and service in Lhasa city need to be adjusted continuously to meet the needs of the elderly, so that they can enjoy convenient transportation services to better integrate into the city life, so the conventional bus improvement in the context of aging is a relevant study. According to the research characteristics of this paper, Lhasa Chengguan District is selected as the research area, and the current situation of regular bus development in the region is briefly analyzed, and based on the Gaode Map API to obtain the station and road network data, the spatial barrier model is used to assess the accessibility of regular buses, and then ArcGIS is used to visualize the data. Finally, the conventional bus improvement strategy adapted to the aging society is proposed from the three aspects of bus stops and road network, bus facilities for aging, and bus service quality, so as to provide the elderly with more convenient, comfortable, and barrier-free bus services, thus realizing the sustainable development of Lhasa City.

Fabrication and in vitro characterization of curcumin film-forming topical spray: An integrated approach for enhanced patient comfortandefficacy.

Curcumin, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, was selected for the developing consumer friendly film forming spray that offers precise delivery of curcumin and and improves patient adherence. An optimized film-forming solution was prepared by dissolving curcumin (1%), Eudragit RLPO (5%), propylene glycol (1%), and camphor (0.5%) in ethanol: acetone (20:80) as the solvent. The solution was filled in a spray container which contained 70% solutions and 30% petroleum gas. In-vitro characterization was performed. Potential anti-inflammatory phytoconstituents were extracted from the PubChem database and prepared as ligands, along with receptor molecules (nsp10-nsp16), for molecular docking using Autodock Vina. The docking study showed the lowest binding energy of -8.2 kcal/mol indicates better binding affinities. The optimized formulation consisted of ethanol:acetone (20:80) as the solvent, Eudragit RLPO (5%) as the polymer, propylene glycol (1%) as the plasticizer, and camphor oil (0.5%) as the penetration enhancer. The optimized formulation exhibited pH of 5.8 ± 0.01, low viscosity, low film formation time (19.54 ± 0.78 sec), high drug content (8.243 ± 0.43 mg/mL), and extended ex vivo drug permeation (85.08 ± 0.09%) for nine hours. Consequently, the formulation was incorporated into a container using 30% liquefied petroleum gas, delivering 0.293 ± 0.08 mL per actuation, containing 1.53 ± 0.07 mg of the drug. The film-forming spray exhibited higher cumulative drug permeation (83.94 ± 0.34%) than the marketed cream formulation and pure drug solution after 9 h, with an enhancement ratio of 14. Notably, the film-forming spray exhibited no skin irritation and remained stable for over three months. The developed curcumin film-forming system is promising as a carrier for wound management because of its convenient administration and transport attributes. Further in vivo studies are required to validate its efficacy in wound management.

Urban vibrancy and air pollution: avoidance behaviour and the built environment

ABSTRACT Urban vibrancy can be captured by people’s out-of-home mobility. It is an essential indicator of the ‘liveliness’ of cities. Nowadays, many cities, however, are suffering from air pollution, which is harmful to human health. As such, health authorities are advising people, especially vulnerable groups with respiratory or other chronic diseases, to avoid out-of-home activities and travels on polluted days. With such avoidance behaviour, how would urban vibrancy decline in response to air pollution? How does the built environment moderate such declines? Applying spatial econometric approaches on panel data comprising social media check-in records, air quality index, meteorological conditions and built environment characteristics, this paper delves into the relationship between air pollution and urban vibrancy in Guangzhou using fine spatial (1km*1 km grids) and temporal (daily) data over two years from 2018 to 2019. The research findings provide clear evidence that air pollution is negatively associated with urban vibrancy. Furthermore, our study suggests that urban vibrancy of places with higher points of interest intensity and being farther away from the city centre are more affected by air pollution, whereas vibrancy of places with higher public transport convenience, smaller blocks, and higher functional mixture tend to be less vulnerable. The findings provide evidence-based implications for city governments to better understand and capture gains of urban vibrancy from pollution regulations and built environment design for sustainable urban development. The lessons learned are applicable to other cities with emerging air pollution problems.

System for Monitoring the Safety and Movement Mechanics of Users of Bicycles and Electric Scooters in Real Conditions in the Context of Social Sustainability

Sustainable development means taking care of the environment, which also means promoting green transport, which involves the systematic development of personal transport in its broadest sense. The positive aspects associated with cheap and convenient electric transport are intertwined with the problem of collisions and accidents. While developing road infrastructure for electric vehicles such as scooters, bicycles, and others, research should be conducted in parallel to ensure the highest possible level of safety for users. There is also an increase in the number of people using bicycles and electric scooters, which develop significant speeds. The problem of accidents among users of classic and electric bicycles and scooters is evident, and post-accident injuries pose a serious challenge to medical practitioners. The literature is rich in statistical analyses of accidents among users of scooters and bicycles, but there are no studies where the behaviour of users of bicycles, scooters, etc. is analysed. The authors of this study set out to develop a measurement system to assess the traffic safety of people using bicycles and scooters. The device uses LIDAR to record the speed of the vehicle and a camera, the images of which are processed by an algorithm in order to classify the user as being on a bicycle or scooter and using or not using head protection with a helmet. It is also possible to analyse the behaviour of the vehicle users under study. The article describes the built measurement device and presents the results of the initial measurements made by the device.

Urban-scale estimation model of carbon emissions for ride-hailing electric vehicles during operational phase

Ride-hailing Electric Vehicles (EVs) offer a dual benefit by mitigating carbon emissions and providing convenient transportation solutions. Nevertheless, current emissions estimation models for urban-scale lack consideration of the real-world travel behaviors during operational phase. This study extracted the characteristics of ride-hailing EVs in Shanghai and Shenzhen based on 14.77 million real-world driving records, and established an emission estimation model. The emission estimation model delineates the relationship between speed State of Charge (SOC) and operational efficient of ride-hailing EVs in cities. Compared to traditional methods relying on manufacturer-claimed energy consumption rates, the developed model demonstrates a 38.4% increase in accuracy. It reveals that ride-hailing EVs deviate from the optimal speed in approximately 90% of their trips under the current urban transportation system. A 5 km/h increase in ride-hailing EV speed can improve emission reduction potential, cutting annual emissions by 0.89 ktCO2 in Shanghai and 4.74 ktCO2 in Shenzhen. Additionally, when a ride-hailing EV operates with SOC between 10 and 30%, emissions are 21.4%–36.0% higher compared to SOC between 70 and 90%. At last, the model derives emission factors for ride-hailing EVs during operational phase in Shanghai and Shenzhen are 0.2635 and 0.1535 10−5MtCO2kWh−1km−1

The Spatial Structure and Influencing Factors of the Tourism Economic Network in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration

The optimization of a tourism economic network is critical in the promotion of the high-quality development of a regional tourism economy. In order to explore the spatial network structure of the tourism economy of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and its influencing factors, this study used a modified gravity model and social network analysis methods for evaluation and analysis. The results show the following: (1) the spatial network of the tourism economy in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration in 2016–2021 was characterized by significant non-equilibrium; however, that trend has weakened, and the tourism connections are now stronger in economically developed regions. (2) The density of the network structure was slightly strengthened. The structure of the tourism economy network shows an obvious core–periphery distribution pattern. The external radiation of the center city was enhanced, and the core area of the network expanded. (3) The concept of the “small world” is characterized by a significant evolution from five major associations to four major associations during the study period. (4) The quadratic assignment method (QAP) of regression analysis showed that tourism service reception capacity, tourism information flow, tourism resource endowments and transportation convenience make a significant contribution to the formation of the spatial network of inter-city tourism economic connections. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of the tourism economic network of urban agglomerations and the scientific decision-making underpinning tourism economic cooperation.

THE RESPONSIBILITY ASSESSMENT IN THE SCENARIO OF DRIVING AI-BASED VEHICLES

Artificial intelligence (AI) machines can process data independently, but they need human assistance to make decisions and control their behaviour. As AI technology progresses, it becomes difficult for humans to predict the outcome of calculations and inferences, which increases the potential risks associated with its operation. The introduction of AI has revolutionised the automotive industry, especially with the development of self-driving cars. While they offer convenient transportation, accidents may occur, and it's necessary to distinguish whether the AI system has autonomy or not, and in the scenario of an accident, it may be controversial who should be held accountable. Consequently, this article aims to explore the direction of future legislative policy in the event of an accident involving AI with a focus on self-driving cars in the automotive industry. In this regard, the authors propose a solution proportionally to the behaviour assessment of the user and developers respectively, and risk control measures during the development stage underscoring careful planning and management in real-world testing of unmanned vehicles for the integration of AI into daily life. Furthermore, it highlights the uncertainties about appropriate laws to regulate the phenomenon of self-driving vehicles and suggests the importance of complying not only with laws and regulations but also with ethical development and use.

Attracting Tourists to the Region: Analysis on Macau's Transportation System

This essay provides a comprehensive analysis of Macao's transportation system, focusing on aviation, railways, buses, and ferries, and offers suggestions for improvement. The aviation sector is examined in terms of airport location, capacity, current status, and future development plans. The railway system is evaluated for its convenience, environmental impact, accessibility, and passenger safety measures, while also highlighting areas for improvement such as consumer experience and design. The public transport network is assessed for its coverage, vehicle condition, service quality, and resilience to major environmental changes like epidemics and financial crises. The reliability, frequency, comfort, and economic contribution of ferry services are also scrutinized. The essay aims to propose measures to enhance Macao's transportation convenience, tourist experience, and sustainable tourism development.

Evaluation and analysis of target interpretation capability for novel rotating synthetic aperture system

The novel rotating synthetic aperture imaging system has the advantages of short processing cycle, light weight, low cost, and convenient transport, which is a potential development direction for future optical satellite payloads with ultra-large aperture. However, influenced by the coupling effects of the rectangular primary mirror, rotating imaging, and link perturbation, images from this system may have unique spatial and temporal variability with resolution anisotropy, resulting in the dynamics and weak features of targets. The insufficient recognition of system characteristics seriously restricts the application ability of corresponding target interpretation methods. To address this problem, we start with the analysis of system imaging characteristics and target interpretation mechanisms. Considering calculating texture, grayscale, and edge feature parameters in evaluation regions of different sizes, we propose a degradation assessment method based on multi-scale feature characterization. Then, combined with the theoretical calculation and practical target detection experiments, the influence of crucial parameters such as the aspect ratio and rotation angle of the primary mirror on the target interpretation capability is analyzed. The results will provide guidance for the integrated design and optimization of optical imaging systems and intelligent image processing methods.

Improving hydrogen liquefaction efficiency based on the temperature-distributed refrigeration method in regenerative refrigerators

Liquid hydrogen has more advantages than gaseous hydrogen in terms of economy and convenience of storage and transportation owing to its higher energy density. Therefore, the hydrogen liquefaction technology is conducive to promotion and application for hydrogen energy in many sectors. The small-scale regenerative refrigerators usually use helium as the working fluid, which is of the high-low temperature cycle, and bring about a significant entropy generation during the cooling process. In this work, the study on the liquefaction rate and FOM (figure of merit) is implemented with a working fluid of hydrogen. It shows that the entropy generation much decreases when applying the distributed refrigeration method comparing to the high-low temperature cycle, and the COP (coefficient of performance) reaches 80 % when cooling the sensible heat load and conversion heat. The calculation results indicate that the liquefaction rate of the temperature-distributed cycle reaches 34.32 L/d at a refrigeration power of 15 W (a representative case). While the maximum of FOM is 0.483, which is improved by 21.7 % compared with the high-low temperature cycle.

Middle-aged and older people’s preference for medical-elderly care integrated institutions in China: a discrete choice experiment study

BackgroundWith the continuing impact of the aging population, medical-elderly care integrated institutions, as a way to bear the pressure of medical and elderly care, effectively ensure the quality of life of the elderly in their later years.ObjectivesTo explore the preferences of medical-elderly care integrated institutions among Chinese middle-aged and older people and to provide a reference for establishing elderly-oriented development of medical-elderly care integrated institutions.MethodsIn this study, a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was used to investigate the preferences of people aged 45 years and older in medical-elderly care integrated institutions in China from October 20, 2022, to November 10, 2022. A mixed logit regression model was used to analyze the DCE data. Participants’ willingness to pay for each attribute was also calculated.ResultsData from 420 participants who provided valid responses were included in the analysis. In terms of the choice preference, moderate service quality (vs. poor service quality: β = 1.707, p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.343 ~ 2.071) and high medical technology level (vs. low medical technology level: β = 1.535, p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.240 ~ 1.830) were the most important attributes to middle-aged and older people, followed by monthly cost, environmental facilities, the convenience of transportation, and entertainment activities. Regarding the willingness to pay, participants were more willing to pay for service quality and medical technology level than for other attributes. They were willing to pay $3156 and $2838 more for “poor service quality” and “low medical technology level,” respectively, to receive “moderate service quality " (p = 0.007, 95% CI 963 ~ 5349) and “high medical technology level” (p = 0.005, 95% CI 852 ~ 4824).ConclusionsThe state should attach great importance to the development of medical-elderly care integrated services industry, actively optimize the model of the medical-elderly care integrated service, improve the facilities, and create a healthy environment. At the same time, give full play to the role of medical insurance, long-term care insurance, and commercial insurance, so as to improve the comprehensive quality of life of the elderly.Public contributionThe design of the experimental selection was guided by 10 experts in the field, 5 Chinese government officials, and interviews and focus group discussions, without whose participation this study would not have been possible.

Lamellar structured Ce-S-NC heterogeneous electrocatalyst as the highly durable cathode for passive direct liquid fuel cells

Passive direct liquid fuel cells are promising power generation devices with the advantages of convenient transportation, storage for liquid fuel and high power density. This paper focuses on improving the intrinsic electrocatalytic performance and durability of nitrogen-doped carbon (N-C) cathodic electrocatalysts. Then, lamellar structured Ce-S-NC heterogeneous electrocatalyst was synthesized and used as a highly durable cathode for two types of passive direct liquid fuel cells, i.e., direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) and direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs). In this work, the effect of the S/C molar ratio on the microstructure and electrocatalytic performance of the Ce-S-NC electrocatalysts was investigated, and excellent intrinsic oxygen reduction reaction activity was obtained at an S/C molar ratio of 0.15. The peak power densities of Ce-S-NC based DMFCs reached up to 12.5, 23.6 and 41.9 mW·cm−2 at 20, 40 and 60 °C, respectively. The peak power densities of 59.3, 84.6 and 132.6 mW·cm−2 were obtained in Ce-S-NC based DBFCs at 20, 40 and 60 °C, respectively. In the durability tests, both the Ce-S-NC based air-breathing DBFCs and passive DBFCs showed the stable operation than that of N-C and Ce-NC. When the current density increased from 50 to 150 mA·cm−2, the Ce-S-NC based DBFC can be operated for 882 h, and only 34 and 91 h for that of N-C and Ce-NC. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests proved Ce-S-NC based DBFC showed the faster mass transfer efficiency. The outstanding durability of Ce-S-NC is mainly attributed to the improved defect density and mass transfer.

Oxygen vacancy enhancing intrinsic conductivity of rGO@MnO2−x electrode for efficient hybrid capacitive deionization

The poor intrinsic conductivity and serious aggregation of MnO2 has limited its further application in capacitive deionization (CDI). In the present work, GO was introduced as the growth substrate to alleviate the aggregation behavior of MnO2, while oxygen vacancies were created in the MnO2 crystal by calcination to improve the intrinsic conductivity of MnO2. The uniform dispersion and the expanded layer spacing of δ-MnO2 provide larger specific surface area and more active sites for ion adsorption and storage, while the abundant oxygen vacancies in the crystal enhance the intrinsic conductivity and provide convenient ion transport channels for ion movement and transport. The electrochemical tests show that the rGO@MnO2−x electrode presents higher specific capacitance (284 F g−1) and lower equivalent series resistance (1.11 Ω) than those of MnO2 electrode (128 F g−1 and 1.25 Ω). Meanwhile, the desalination tests display that the hybrid GO||rGO@MnO2−x cell demonstrates prominent desalination capacity (58.75 mg g−1) and ultrahigh charge efficiency (95.01%) compared to GO||MnO2 cell (38.25 mg g−1 and 83.81%) in 500 mg L−1 NaCl solution at 1.2 V. The proposed design offers an optional strategy to improve the intrinsic conductivity of MnO2 and enables synthesis of a novel composite to achieve efficient desalination.

Economic effect evaluation and collaborative development path research of Linyi red tourism

Linyi is rich in red tourism resources, with high quality, strong attraction, and great development potential. In recent years, the red tourism industry in Linyi has achieved significant development. Using econometric analysis models, using the Linyi red tourism development (measured by domestic income of red tourism) and regional economic growth (measured by GDP) from 2000 to 2019 as endogenous variables, a VAR model is constructed to empirically analyze the impact of red tourism development on regional economic growth. Through research, it has been found that a positive impact on the domestic and international income growth rates of Linyi's red tourism has a positive impact on the GDP growth rate, and from a trend perspective, the duration is relatively long; This indicates that the domestic and international income of Linyi's red tourism has a significant promoting effect on Linyi's economic growth. From the results of variance decomposition, it can be seen that the contribution rates of domestic and international income from Linyi's red tourism to Linyi's economic growth are not significant at first, without considering the contribution rate of Linyi's economic growth itself. However, there has been a significant growth trend since the second period. Based on the analysis of the economic effects of red tourism, considering the overall nature of Linyi's red culture, proximity to geographical location, convenient transportation, and government support, this paper analyzes the specific path for the coordinated development of Linyi's red tourism. Construct a top-level design for the coordinated development of red tourism resources from the perspectives of goal coordination, organization and interest coordination, and institutional coordination.

Polyvinyl alcohol solvent-free adhesives for biomass bonding via rapid water activation and heat treatment

Polyvinyl alcohol solvent-free adhesives (PSFAs) possess high bonding strength, simple preparation, high cost-effectiveness, a long storage time, and convenient transportation.

Joint optimization of location and allocation for spare parts depots under ($ r, Q $) inventory policy

&lt;p&gt;The ability to replace failed spare parts in time directly affects the supportability level of equipment systems. The selection of spare parts' depot locations, inventory mode, and allocation are often separate and independent operations. However, in these situations, the total supply cost is usually relatively high with the consideration of spare parts shortage and maintenance delays. Therefore, this article dealt with a depot location-inventory-allocation problem based on the $ (r, Q) $ inventory method and analyzed a combined network of centralized spare part depot locations, inventory, and allocation. Meanwhile, considering the convenience and speed of spare parts transportation brought about by the improvement of transportation capacity, a network is proposed to adopt a centralized storage and point-to-point allocation strategy for parts replacement, which reduces supportability costs without affecting supply efficiency. An optimization model has been developed that reduces the overall cost of support, including inventory, construction, transportation, and logistics. Three equipment support efficiency metrics were used as constraints in this model to assess the location of open depots: selection availability, fill rate, and predicted downtime. Additionally, due to the knowledge asymmetry, there are some shortage issues which always lead to extra expenditure. The model also introduces uncertain distribution to demand measurement and adopts a genetic algorithm for model solving. Ultimately, a numerical instance was developed so as to verify our results.&lt;/p&gt;