Control Of Power Research Articles

Digital solutions for monitoring and control of solar power in off-grid farms

The primary challenge for agricultural operations is their remoteness from centralized power supply systems. This necessitates the construction of an appropriate infrastructure to connect them to the general grid. One potential solution to this problem is the use of solar energy. The infrastructure required to create such a system is relatively inexpensive and allows for the creation of an autonomous system that provides all the necessary needs of the consumer. The control of such a system necessitates the development of specialized software. The paper presents the development of the hardware and software structure, as well as fragments of the prototype of the graphical user interface and a description of the main functionalities.

Training reinforcement learning-based controller using performance simulation of the laser remelting process

Surface topography modification is a common post-processing step used to enhance surface quality or to add micro/nano surface structures for various functionalities. Laser remelting (LRM) is a new technology aimed to resolve some of the shortcomings of traditional post-processing technologies. In LRM, a high-energy laser beam melts the top surface and offers control of the molten material flow through the control of laser power, scanning speed, melt pool size, and scan trajectory. By controlling the molten material flow, surface polishing by laser remelting (SP-LRM) can be used to produce finishes characterized by areal arithmetical mean height - Sa < 0.1 µm as well as surface microstructures. LRM is faster than traditional methods, creates no harmful byproducts, and allows for polishing high aspect ratio freeform surfaces without harming surrounding areas. The primary limiting factor for wide-rage industrial use of the LRM is represented by thermodynamic process instabilities that are associated with rapid melting and solidification. For instance, deep trenches or grinding marks in the initial surface can cause small deviations of local surface absorptivity to lead to laser melt pool instabilities. The high-speed nature of the LRM process combined with the complex thermodynamic phenomena makes process instabilities difficult to model, detect, predict, and control. This study aimed to use reinforcement learning (RL) in order to build a ‘self-learning’ controller capable of adapting to any material and control instabilities on-line and in real-time. Along these lines, the study will detail a preliminary application of two RL implementations involving SP-LRM performance simulation to demonstrate the implementation of a double dueling deep Q-network (DDDQN) controller for melt pool temperature distribution control. The results obtained showed that the 3-action implementation achieved 48% less variance and 35% increase in the mean value of the total reward collected compared with the 31-action implementation.

Electromagnetic converter of reactive power and monitoring of high-voltage induction motors

In this paper, the control and monitoring of reactive power in an over-voltage induction motor are elucidated through a comparative analysis of theoretical and practical research findings. These results are based on structural principles, research models, and the static, dynamic, metrological, and technical characteristics of three-phase electromagnetic current converters, evaluated against established criteria. The effectiveness of employing current converters with straightforward design, high sensitivity, speed, and reliability, along with simple switching elements that transform the primary input stator current into a secondary voltage output signal, is emphasized. Utilizing a graph model, the static characteristics of the stator current to secondary voltage converter, essential for regulating and monitoring the reactive power of an asynchronous motor, are delineated, and a research algorithm is developed.

Intelligent control and optimization of uninterrupted power serving de-icing technology for 110 kV power lines

Intelligent control and optimization of uninterrupted power serving de-icing technology for 110 kV power lines

A Novel Transient Analysis of Multiterminal VSC‐HVDC System Incorporating Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

Power transmission using a voltage source converter‐ (VSC‐) based high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) system offers autonomous control of real and reactive power, constant DC voltage polarity, and bidirectional power flow. This helps to realize the multiterminal VSC‐HVDC system and its integration into renewable energy sources to meet the growing power demand. However, there is a risk of higher voltages and currents during a DC line fault. The barrier to the advancements of VSC‐MTDC systems is the nonavailability of commercial, higher‐rated DC circuit breakers. This necessitates research on alternative methods of DC fault‐clearing schemes with available technologies. In this direction, a superconducting fault current limiter (SCFCL) is an alternative option to mitigate the problems encountered in VSC‐MTDC system operation. Because of this, there are not many VSC‐MTDC systems available worldwide. This paper discusses different issues associated with the transient performance of the VSC‐MTDC system. A representative case involving resistive SCFCL for DC line protection is presented. The simulations are carried out in the PSCAD/EMTDC platform.

A Simulation Analysis of Grid-Connected DSTATCOM with PWM Voltage Control and Hysteresis Current Control for Power Quality Improvement

Abstract The DTSTACOM is a power quality compensator that can be used in the distribution grid to compensate the demand of reactive power, which can be produced by different linear and non-linear loads. In this process, the control method of DSTATCOM is one of the key factors influencing the performance of DSTATCOM. This study aims to analyse the effect of two modulation schemes, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and Hysteresis Current Control (HCC), under several conditions. The proposed modelling approach and Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory are used to verify reactive power compensation and total harmonic distortion (THD). Further, PWM and Hysteresis Current Control (HCC) with proportional-integral (PI) controller simulated in MATLAB for different cases, and percentage THD was calculated to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method for the control of reactive power and THD with grid-connected DSTATCOM. The results presented here justify that the HCC controller can be better than the PWM method to generate the PWM pulses for reduction of harmonics under various conditions of DTSTACOM to compensate the reactive power. Additionally, the simulation was performed to check the efficacy of the projected method to reduce THD by varying the current control band of HCC.

Impedance analysis of squirrel-cage induction motor at high harmonics condition

This study examines different methodologies for representing an asynchronous motor at higher harmonics by utilizing its equivalent circuit. Several approaches were compared based on simulation modeling. An experimental investigation was conducted in a laboratory setting using asynchronous electric motors with power ratings of 1.5 kW and 5.5 kW. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the characteristics of impedance in the presence of high-harmonic conditions. The generation of higher harmonics was achieved through the utilization of a precisely regulated thyristor rectifier in conjunction with a thyristor power controller. The findings indicate that the load on the shaft solely impacts the resistance at the fundamental harmonic, while the resistance at higher harmonics remains unaffected by the operating mode of the asynchronous motor (AM).

Enhancing Fault Ride-Through Capacity of DFIG-Based WPs by Adaptive Backstepping Command Using Parametric Estimation in Non-Linear Forward Power Controller Design

Enhancing Fault Ride-Through Capacity of DFIG-Based WPs by Adaptive Backstepping Command Using Parametric Estimation in Non-Linear Forward Power Controller Design

Modeling, Integration and Simulation of the Photovoltaic Power Plant Considering LVRT Capability and Transient Voltage Stability

This paper investigates how high photovoltaic energy penetration impacts dynamic performance and voltage regulation of the modified IEEE-9 bus grid. The transmission power system was modeled and simulated using PSCAD-EMTDC software to conduct the study. Load flow analysis is implemented to explore the power system’s capability to incorporate the desired photovoltaic power. Moreover, the study is based on time response simulations to grid disturbances. The supply and control of reactive power from solar power generation plants are becoming critical issues to study because they can facilitate the integration of PV in power grids under different operating conditions. Network-related faults like a PV solar power plant event outage, a three-phase short-circuit at a conventional bus, and a voltage dip at the PV solar power plant have been considered. The results will help identify the protective devices and strategies needed to maintain the stability and reliability of the system operation and transient analysis of the network under external power network fault and recovery operation. Thus, it has practical significance for real utility studies. Moreover, this comprehensive study will be a valuable guide for assessing and improving the grid’s performance under the study of any other grids, which also gives the vast potential and need for solar energy penetration into the grid systems.

Intelligent System Development for Plant Cultivation Complex by Means of the Internet of Things Concept

The article presents a problem solution of plant cultivation automation using the Internet of Things concept. Using an intelligent system to control a hydroponics installation allows you to increase the energy efficiency of growing plants by introduction of intelligent technologies. The application of the Internet of Things concept allows a more qualitative approach to the search and application of methods of rational modern production. This concept allows the collected data to be Wi-Fi transferred from the microcontroller to a computer via a server, which is very effective in environments with large number of sensors. In this case, both time and material costs per share of production are significantly reduced. The work identified the requirements for a recording and control device in an intelligent system that connects to the Internet for further data processing, configuration and execution of the operating mechanism, and stages of operation of the growing system. Part of the control system for a plant cultivation complex using microcontroller devices available on the market, such as ESP, is considered. A constructive functional design of the device was developed. In addition, it was determined that the intelligent system contains the following modules: thing (the physical controller itself - device, peripherals), network (a network of devices and communication channels that ensure the transfer of information according to network protocols), cloud (includes a server that processes client, storage and web service requests). A description of the first module is given, which includes the main controller board with an esp12e microcontroller. The second module contains printed circuit boards for the power supply and controller, which were designed and laid out using the EasyEDA web service. For the third module, three-dimensional models of the power supply and main board were obtained in the EasyEDA web service environment.

Lost-Phase and Short-Circuit Impacts on Electrical Network Managed by a Dual IPCs 30P15

This work evaluates the impact of short-circuit and the phase-lost in a particular transmission network located in south division in Cameroon (Central Africa). This network is precisely located between two towns called Songloulou and Logbaba (douala Town). The chosen network is modelled in Matlab Simulink software. Further, the network currents and voltages undergo non periodical distortions when short-circuit and phase lost come into play. Those distortions are deleted when dual controllers’ system is introduced and the network is stabilized. It appears that dual IPCs (interphase power controllers) present good results. However, the dual system which is a combination of two IPCs improves the network stability. The investigation of dual IPCs’ system uses the phase shift method.

Retracted: Construction Technology and Quality Control of Power and Electrical Engineering Based on Convolutional Neural Network

Retracted: Construction Technology and Quality Control of Power and Electrical Engineering Based on Convolutional Neural Network

Modeling, Design and Control of Speed DC motor using chopper

An electric motor, a power controller, and an energy-transmitting shaft make up an electrical drive. Power electronics converters are utilized as power controllers in contemporary electrically driven systems. DC actuators and AC drives are the two primary categories of electric drives. This study presents design and modeling techniques for very effective individually stimulated DC motor speed control. A DC motor speed controller can be implemented using a chopper circuit as a converter. The controller transmits a signal into the chopper firing circuit, which in turn generates the desired speed of the chopper by varying the voltage supplied to the motor's armature.One type of controlling loop is the speed controller, and another is the current controller. A proportional-integral controller is used. Eliminating the delay with the aid of this controller makes rapid control possible. It creates a separately stimulated DC motor. A current and speed regulator are built in to give the DC motor high-speed control in a steady condition. Under different speed and torque conditions, the model is simulated and examined in MATLAB (Simulink). Results that are satisfactory are achieved, validating the capacity of the chopper approach to control the speed of a DC motor.

Pengawasan Hukum Platform E-Commerce Tiktok dan UMKM oleh KPPU Berdasarkan UU Nomor 5 Tahun 1999

E-commerce platforms in recent years have increased specifically, with the existence of e-commerce making an activity that has good prospects in the world of trade. Therefore, the existence of a platform used as e-commerce has an impact on MSME players, especially in the small business sectors in the market. KPPU as an institution has its duties and authorities in supervising this matter. The purpose of this study is to determine the Role and Effectiveness of KPPU in Supervising Tiktok and MSME E-commerce Platforms Based on Law Number 5 of 1999. This research uses the Normative Method by taking a statutory approach (statutes approach) to examine legal supervision of KPPU based on Law Number 5 of 1999, and also using the Concept Approach (Concep approuch) aims to provide linkage to the concept of business competition in Law Number 5 of 1999. KPPU plays an important role as a State institution given its duties and authorities. As the controller of power and position as laws and regulations related to unfair business competition and independent institutions, Related to the case of Tiktok merging its application into e-commerce, the new policy through the Minister of Trade Regulation Number 31 of 2023 which is an amendment to the Minister of Trade Regulation Number 50 of 2020 concerning Provisions for Business Licensing, Advertising, Coaching, and Supervision of Business Actors in Trade through the electronic system, It's official to close Tiktokshop and separate the application, it's just that those who get permission are social media but e-commerce. For this action, KPPU as the supervisor of business competition has not received a report related to allegations of Monopoly Practices and Unfair Business Competition.

Supervisory control of reactive power in wind farms with doubly fed induction generator-based wind turbines for voltage regulation and power losses reduction

This paper proposes a strategy based on the secondary voltage control (SVC) and the use of grid codes recommended by the system operator to determine the reactive power reference value between a wind farm (WF) with doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and the electrical grid. The proposed strategy seeks to determine the reactive power reference value required of WF during normal operating and grid faults. When the voltage deviation is within the normal range, the proposed strategy maintains a unity power factor (UPF). If the voltage deviation exceeds the normal range, it provides reactive power compensation to ensure voltage stability. To achieve this objective, the proposed strategy is compared with the SVC. This strategy can reduce the size of potential compensation devices, such as static synchronous compensators, to be used to improve the WF response, if needed. The participation of the grid converter side (GSC) in the reactive power control allows the DFIG to reduce power losses and increases the life of the converters, especially the rotor converter side (RSC). The strategy proposed in this work is implemented on Matlab/Simulink using the S-Function builder to evaluate their performance, which facilitates its integration into real control boards and testing in real experiments in the future.

Pengembangan DC Chopper Sebagai Pengontrol Daya Pada Sistem Energi Terbarukan

Renewable energy systems require effective and efficient power control for men-optimizing electricity production. One of the power control technologies used in renewable energy systems is DC Chopper. DC Chopper is an electronic device used to control the voltage and electric current in the DC system. In this study, the development of DC Chopper as a power controller in the renewable energy system was discussed. This research is to introduce the use of DC Chopper as a power controller in the renewable energy system and to the effect of the use of DC Chopper on the production of the new system. This research is the method of using a delay experiment to test DC Chopper on the solar panel system. The results showed that the use of DC Chopper PANA solar panel system can increase the efficiency of electricity production level 20%. In addition, Chopper DC Rona can increase the reliability and age of the renewable energy system because it can reduce the burden on the system.

Administrative responses to democratic backsliding: When is bureaucratic resistance justified?

AbstractPopulist, illiberal, or outright autocratic movements threaten democracies worldwide, particularly when such extreme political forces gain control of executive power. For public administration illiberal backsliders in government pose a dilemma. Trained on instrumental values and expected to implement neutrally the political choices of their elected superiors, bureaucrats lack orientation of how to act in situations when obeying their own government may mean becoming an accomplice to democratic regression. Against this background, this article maps the dubious demands of backsliders in government as well as the potential reactions of bureaucrats to them. Public administration thinking is subsequently examined with a view to showing how administrative resistance to democratic backsliding could be normatively justified. Finally, the article provides practical recommendations to enhance the resilience of democratic public administration in the face of illiberal challenges.

ТЕРСКОТО КАЗАЧЕСТВО И АНТИБОЛШЕВИШКОТО ВЪСТАНИЕ НА ТЕРЕК – 1918 ГОДИНА

The February Revolution completely changed Russia. The changes lead to the collapse of the foundations of statehood and chaos. The North Caucasus was also affected by these processes. The Bolsheviks in the region tried to establish complete control of power and to impose new ideological norms. One of the forms of reaction of the local Cossacks was the Terek Anti-Bolshevik uprising. It became an integral part of the Civil War that shook Russia in the period between 1917and 1923.

Robust energy storage system for stable in wind and solar

Energy storage systems (ESS) have become a conspicuous research hotspot since they store power and supply it during peak hours. Existing storage systems must be replaced by advanced energy storage with improved performance, energy management, and a control interface due to issues with size, dependability, and charging/discharging. The suggested robust energy retention system uses a battery and a super-capacitor to generate power from wind and solar energy. A Multiport DC converter with a buck-boost capacitor is used to properly discharge the stored energy to DC loads via a DC bus. The inverter is then delivered to a Power Flow Controller (PFC) and a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). The Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) method optimizes the power controller settings based on the fluctuation of the system's active and reactive power. The optimization method ensures improved power flow while dealing with the least amount of power variance in imbalanced load situations. Based on the power variation, the proposed method generates appropriate control signals for the inverter system. The covers convert the inverter and reduce harmonics with a controller. Furthermore, the inverter AC supplied to the AC bus is converted into reactive power by an inductive load, and unwanted signals and harmonics are extracted using a Cascaded C-type filter. As a result, the described method has preserved total harmonic distortion, electrical efficiency, and finer transient stability.

Transformasi Pemantauan Energi: Kontrol Daya Listrik 3 Fasa Dengan Antarmuka Grafis Pengguna (GUI) Secara Langsung

Graphical user interface is a subset of HCI in the form of interaction between humans and machines through a graphical user interface. GUI is used by various fields of engineering, electronics, economics and even medicine. The development of graphic hardware has triggered various fields to visualize various models in order to increase knowledge. This systematic review aims to provide clear information about the influence of the graphical user interface on monitoring voltage, current, and frequency. Testing the ESP32 microcontroller that has been carried out shows that the output voltage at condition 1 averages a value of 3.5 V and when at condition 0, the output voltage is 0.38 V. Designing a 3-phase electricity monitoring system equipped with a power controller using a desktop application in real time, this is made for efficient use of electricity and control in electrical safety systems in an industry