Official Control Research Articles

Analysis of Aerodrome Tower Controller's Obstructed Visibility Due to Vertical Support (Pillar) in the Tower Cabin of Perum LPPNPI Branch in Medan

Tower controllers are air traffic control officers responsible for managing air traffic around airports to ensure safety, security, and efficiency in aircraft movements. They work in airport control towers, which serve as the central hub for air traffic control in the vicinity of the airport. Control towers are typically located near the runways and provide good visibility for monitoring aircraft movements on the ground and in the air. Within the control tower, the equipment and comfort of the air traffic controllers are important considerations. This research focuses on the control tower of Perum LPPNPI branch in Medan, where it has been found that wide-diameter pillars obstruct the view of the tower controllers. The aim of this study is to analyze the pillars as an obstruction and provide recommendations to Perum LPPNPI branch in Medan on how to address this issue. The research methodology employed is qualitative. The research findings conclude that the pillars indeed pose an obstruction, and the author suggests that Perum LPPNPI branch in Medan relocate the control desk.

Food Safety Monitoring of Salmonella spp. in Northern Italy 2019-2021.

Salmonella is the second most frequent bacterial pathogen involved in human gastrointestinal outbreaks in the European Union; it can enter the food-production chain from animal or environmental sources or from asymptomatic food operators. European food legislation has established microbiological criteria to ensure consumer protection. Salmonella is listed under both process hygiene criteria and food safety criteria. Each EU member state designates an agency to organize or perform controls and other official activities. This paper describes the official control plans performed by competent authorities in Northern Italy in the three-year period 2019-2021. A total of 4413 food samples were delivered to the IZS Food Safety laboratories for Salmonella detection, of which 36 (0.8%) tested positive. Salmonella was most frequently detected in poultry meat samples (25/36 positive samples) followed by other meat products and pork products. The official controls for the protection of consumer health apply the EU's farm-to-fork approach: the samples were collected during production (food production plants), from products on the market, and from collective catering (restaurants, cafeterias, canteens). This manuscript will provide information about the presence of Salmonella in foodstuffs that can help competent authorities to set control plans based on risk assessments.

EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM ADVOKASI KEBIJAKAN STUNTING DI DINAS P3AP2KB KABUPATEN PASURUAN

Stunting is a national priority issue that is now being intensively addressed to prevent the risk of stunting and reduce the stunting rate in Indonesia. In this case, children who experience stunting greatly impact the quality of the nation's generation because it can result in low intellectual levels and productivity. This study uses a qualitative approach, namely the resulting data is in the form of a description and critical analysis of an incident observed in the field. The location of this research was at the Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control, and Family Planning(P3AP2KB) in Pasuruan Regency. In this study, the data analysis techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the findings in the field, in addition to the high dispensation for marriage in the religious courts, Pasuruan Regency also received the third rank of marriage constituencies. This finding will provide an assessment of stunting policy advocacy at the maturing marriage age, which is considered not optimal and effective. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the stunting policy advocacy program, one of which is maturing the age of marriage, and the obstacles to implementing the program for maturing the age of marriage.

Sample size planning and the statistical significance of official controls by sampling.

Acceptance sampling is important for food safety and is a relevant tool at production and official control levels, as it helps decision-making processes and verifies quality and food safety management. Generally, sampling plans are hypothesis tests of products that have been submitted for official appraisal and subsequent acceptance or rejection. The sample size is related to the set level of risk, the acceptable precision, and the tolerable misstatement size; therefore, sample size determination has a crucial role in setting up the accepted level of non-compliance and level of error. Using a simple predictive model based on combinatorics, this study showcases how sample size management can change the probability of rejecting good lots and/or accepting bad lots when the acceptance number is 0 (c=0). We showed that when c=0, a very high level of significance of the test corresponds to the high probability of rejecting a lot with an acceptable prevalence of defective items (type II error). We produced tables about the minimum sample size at different significance levels, which can be useful in the field. A paradigmatic example of the role of sample size in the acceptance-sampling plan is represented by the visual inspection for the detection of Anisakid larvae in fishery products. This study investigated this aspect and mainly referred to studies on the prevalence of larvae in farmed fish. We showed that, for lots ≥1000 items, the sample size is not strictly related to the lot size, but to draw a consistent control plan and reduce the variability in the clinical judgment, control authorities require a standardized approach. Because of this, the results on the prevalence of Anisakid larvae in farmed fish, if only based on sampling control plans, do not support a negligible risk statement, despite the claims reported in the EFSA opinion and several other studies.

Official controls for the determination of lipophilic marine biotoxins in mussels farmed along the Adriatic coast of Central Italy.

In the present study, 334 samples of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) harvested along the coasts of the Central Adriatic Sea during the years 2020-2021 were analyzed for the presence of lipophilic marine biotoxins according to the European Harmonized Standard Operating Procedure. The results showed that 74 (22%) and 84 (25%) samples were positive to okadaic acid and yessotoxin groups, respectively. Among them, only 11 (3.3%) samples resulted as non-compliant, as they exceeded the maximum limits (160 μg okadaic acid equivalent/kg) established by the Regulation (EC) 853/2004. The method applied in this study was able to detect and quantify lipophilic marine biotoxins concentrations, in order to monitor their presence in molluscs and avoid the risk of consumer exposure.

Digitalization and official food safety inspections at retail establishments

Digital technologies offer unprecedented opportunities to modernize official food safety control. Shift from paper- to digital-based systems enable recording and reporting data directly in digital format and further analyze and disclose inspection data. Further to this, digital technologies enable the automatization of processes through rule-based instructions, a fact that could positively influence the consistency of official control. Nevertheless, the extent of the use of digital technologies during official food safety control inspections by competent authorities (CAs) of European Union (EU) countries is not known. For this reason, the aim of this study was to assess the level of use of a digital environment during inspections at retail establishments. This was performed by administering a questionnaire to CAs from EU countries. A total of 88 national, regional or local CAs from 15 EU countries responded to the questionnaire. Of them, 62.5% (55/88) used a digital environment during inspections, the majority to standardize data collection and reporting. CAs autotomize processes through digital technologies related to the management of official control and generation of inspection results, but to a lesser extent to automatize decision-making during inspections. Of the CAs not using a digital environment (37.5%; 33/88), technological constraints and lack of economic resources were the two most prevalent reasons for not using such an environment. The use of digital technologies as decision support tools to standardize official controls and improve consistency and efficiency should be enhanced for the benefit of society.

Analysis of the Role of Apron Movement Control (AMC) Officers in Handling Foreign Object Debris (FOD) to Improve Aviation Safety at Komodo Labuan Bajo Airport

Foreign Object Debris (FOD) are foreign objects that are animate and inanimate around the airside area which can cause damage to aircraft during landing and take off. The role of Apron Movement Control (AMC) in handling Foreign Object Debris (FOD) at Komodo Labuan Bajo Airport in order to avoid the risk of accidents for air transportation. This research uses qualitative. The data collected using observation (direct observation), interviews and documentation. After obtaining the required data, the researcher processed the data through several stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the research results obtained by researchers, the role of Apron Movement Control (AMC) officers in handling Foreign Object Debris (FOD) to improve flight safety at Komodo Labuan Bajo Airport has been carried out in accordance with the SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) that applies at the airport. Obstacles that are often faced by Apron Movement Control (AMC) officers when handling Foreign Object Debris (FOD) to ensure flight safety at Komodo Labuan Bajo Airport, the most common of which is gravel or asphalt scraping, then nails, metal, luggage tags are found. , fruit peel, there are also animals such as dogs that get into the apron. This is Foreign Object Debris (FOD) found at Komodo Labuan Bajo Airport. Apron Movement Control (AMC) officers handle Foreign Object Debris (FOD), namely they check and clean around the apron area.

Trichinella proficiency testing in Southeastern European countries

In some Southeastern European (SEE) countries, like Serbia, Romania, and Bulgaria, trichinellosis is one of the most important foodborne zoonotic diseases. In those countries, EU regulation and local authorities require the staff of laboratories performing official controls on meat to be properly trained and to check their competence by participating regularly in proficiency testing (PT). PTs are organized by National Reference Laboratories for Trichinella of each country and involve all official laboratories testing meat. In Romania and Bulgaria, the organization of PT for the detection of Trichinella larvae in meat by Magnetic Stirrer Method (MSM) started in 2012. In Croatia and Serbia PT was first organized in 2015 and 2017, respectively. This study presents data on the performance obtained by official laboratories of SEE countries that organize PT at national level and compares the performance obtained by laboratories belonging to different countries. Results suggest that the constant participation in PT leads to an increase in the performance of participating laboratories by positively affecting the staff accuracy in sample testing by MSM. Since the percentage of recovered larvae was in some cases suboptimal (<80%) and occasionally very poor (<40%), there is room for improvement. The regular participation in PT by laboratories involved in official controls on meat intended for human consumption is fundamental to guarantee consumer safety.

Optimization of the Application of Work Discipline in Improving the Performance of Movement Control Apron Officers at Adi Soemarmo International Airport

The Apron Movement Control (AMC) Unit has responsibility as executor of duties in supervision, service, and security in the Apron area. therefore officers are expected to be able to carry out their duties and responsibilities optimally. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimization of the application of work discipline in improving the performance of Apron Movement Control (AMC) officers at Adi Soemarmo Boyolali International Airport. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods, data collection is done by structured interviews, participatory observation and documentation. Structured interviews were conducted with three informants, two of whom were airline service supervisors and one Apron Movement Control (AMC) officer on duty at Adi Soemarmo Boyolali International Airport. The data analysis technique uses the theory from Miles and Huberman. The validity of the data uses source triangulation, technical triangulation and reference materials. The results of the study show that the application of work discipline carried out at the Apron Movement Control (AMC) unit at Adi Soemarmo Boyolali airport has been running quite optimally and optimally, but indeed in practice there are still found officers who do not comply with company regulations, maybe for the next supervisors and leaders can be more assertive in paying attention to work discipline and performance in the Apron Movement Control (AMC) unit directly in the field. While maintaining work discipline is something that needs attention, don't let supervisors and leaders be careless because everything is going well, implementing continuous work discipline is the best step in achieving more optimal performance.

Analysis of the Impact of Foreign Object Debris on the Air Side for Flight Safety and Security at General Ahmad Yani International Airport Semarang

Airport is an area on land or water with predetermined boundaries that functions as a location for aircraft to land and take off, for people to get on and off, for loading and unloading of cargo, a place for intra and intermodal transportation, and which is equipped with basic and other supporting facilities besides facilities for aviation safety and security. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive research type. Researchers obtained data for this study at General Ahmad Yani International Airport, Semarang. Collecting data from this study, namely interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the impact of Foreign Object Debris on the air side greatly disrupts flight activities. So that Apron Movement Control officers coordinate with stakeholders in order to handle Foreign Object Debris so as not to interfere with flight activities and create aviation safety and security.

Prescriptive analytics for a maritime routing problem

Port state control (PSC) serves as the final defense against substandard ships in maritime transportation. The port state control officer (PSCO) routing problem involves selecting ships for inspection and determining the inspection sequence for available PSCOs, aiming to identify the highest number of deficiencies. Port authorities face this problem daily, making decisions without prior knowledge of ship conditions. Traditionally, a predict-then-optimize framework is employed, but its machine learning (ML) models' loss function fails to account for the impact of predictions on the downstream optimization problem, potentially resulting in suboptimal decisions. We adopt a decision-focused learning framework, integrating the PSCO routing problem into the ML models' training process. However, as the PSCO routing problem is NP-hard and plugging it into the training process of ML models requires that it be solved numerous times, computational complexity and scalability present significant challenges. To address these issues, we first convert the PSCO routing problem into a compact model using undominated inspection templates, enhancing the model's solution efficiency. Next, we employ a family of surrogate loss functions based on noise-contrastive estimation (NCE) for the ML model, requiring a solution pool treating suboptimal solutions as noise samples. This pool represents a convex hull of feasible solutions, avoiding frequent reoptimizations during the ML model's training process. Through computational experiments, we compare the predictive and prescriptive qualities of both the two-stage framework and the decision-focused learning framework under varying instance sizes. Our findings suggest that accurate predictions do not guarantee good decisions; the decision-focused learning framework's performance may depend on the optimization problem size and the training dataset size; and using a solution pool containing noise samples strikes a balance between training efficiency and decision performance.

A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of the Phoenix Crime Gun Liaison Program: Leveraging Patrol Officers for Investigations

Despite considerable attention to gun violence, crime gun investigations have received limited empirical focus. Research suggests that reliance on specialized investigators and long periods of time between gun crimes, evidence collection, and evidence processing are barriers to timely intelligence. The Phoenix Police Department Crime Gun Liaison Program (CGLP) intended to close this gap by increasing the capacity of patrol officers to investigate gun-related offenses. To examine the impact of the CGLP, a randomized control trial was used to select 16 treatment and 16 matched control officers. We supplement quantitative analyses with qualitative results from focus groups. Treatment officers were referred to and responded to significantly more firearm-related incidents, which resulted in collecting significantly more casings, firearms, fingerprints, and DNA samples during the six-month study period than control officers. Treatment officers also generated a significantly higher number of NIBIN leads and arrests. However, incident-level analyses provided less consistent results, though incidents involving treatment officers remained more likely to result in arrest. Qualitative results support these findings, with officers finding value in the program and reporting improved ability to respond to gun crime and reduced time spent processing scenes. Leveraging patrol officers can improve police agency capacity for responding to gun violence.

Busking in the neo-liberal city: A critical inventory of a selection of street art ordinances in Austria

The conditions under which buskers pursue their art have never been easy, but their situation has become even more complicated recently, as public spaces worldwide have been transformed under rampant neo-liberal conditions. Street music today often takes place against the backdrop of globally oriented urban planning, which is frequently shaped by neo-liberal considerations that ascribe specific qualities and functions to public outdoor places and spaces. By subjecting these spaces, which remain central for street music activities even in the digital age, to increasing official control and regulation, street musicians are often exposed to a regulatory frenzy – enacted by local politics and executed by local authorities – that makes it difficult or even impossible for many of them to perform in public in a manner of their choosing. Moreover, under such conditions the creative potential of street music is not allowed to unfold in its breadth and heterogeneity, but only in a limited manner. An analysis of the street art ordinances of the cities of Vienna, Salzburg and Innsbruck exemplifies the status quo in Austria in this regard and demonstrates how different the political strategies for dealing with street music are in this self-proclaimed country of music. Rather than being seen as a nuisance to be controlled, it is argued that a rich and diverse street music landscape has a significant democratic potential, which would flourish under a more sensitive approach to public spaces on the part of politics and city planning.

The Relationship of The Implementation of Warta DNAS O/153 with The Performance of Operations Officers

The Babaranjang train accident at Penanggiran Station due to the negligence of operating officers playing cellphones caused the Operations Directors of PT.KAI will issue a ban on using cell phones during working hours to operating officers in Warta Dinas O/153. In the implementation of the O/153 official bulletin at Madiun Station, there are several problems, namely (1) limited coordination between the train travel control officer and the track inspector when there is a disturbance on the road because the walkie-talkie cannot reach, (2) the phenomenon of operational staff who is trying to break things, and (3) there are symptoms of stress, anxiety, or anxiety due to someone being away from a mobile phone, namely nomophobia (No Mobile Phone). Therefore, the author wants to examine the relationship between implementing official bulletins O/153 and the performance of operations officers at Madiun Station. Methods of data collection using questionnaires and data analysis using Spearman rank correlation. The research results obtained a correlation coefficient value of 0.432 and a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.024, less than 0.05. This means there is a relationship between the implementation of news service O/153 and the performance of operations officers at Madiun Station, with a moderately strong relationship and a positive direction.

Analisis Peran Petugas Apron Movement Control (AMC) Dalam Peningkatan Keselamatan Penerbangan Di Area Apron Bandara Udara Internasional Jenderal Ahmad Yani Semarang

The higher the number of people or users of air transportation services, the more human resources are needed as service providers to ensure the safety and security of passengers. An airport must pay attention to safety, security and flight control on the air side carried out by the Apron Movement Control (AMC) unit. An oil spill in the apron area of General Ahmad Yani International Airport, Semarang, can be fatal because it can disrupt flight safety. This study aims to determine the role of Apron Movement Control (AMC) officers in improving flight safety in the apron area and to find out whether this role has been able to improve safety in the Semarang Airport apron area or not. This research is qualitative by using data collection methods in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained are primary and secondary. This research was conducted in September 2023. From this research it can be seen that the role of Semarang Airport AMC officers is to improve safety in the apron area. Provide outreach to all personnel to look after each other and remind if something creates a hazard, Maintain and coordinate to keep the Apron clean. And Manage parking stands to reduce hazard when in peak hours. The role of the Semarang Airport AMC Unit has been able to improve safety because there is action of each duty and obligation. This role has been able to improve flight safety in the Apron Area of General Ahmad Yani International Airport Semarang, namely the role of the AMC Unit has been able to increase safety on the air side because each AMC officer has fulfilled the competence of each officer, and they carry out their duties properly according to the rules set.

Towards common useable spectra in non-targeted analysis - A feasibility study by mid-infrared spectroscopy, transfer and correction approaches

Spectroscopy-based methods are often used to verify the authenticity of food and feed. In the scientific environment, especially non-targeted approaches are becoming increasingly popular here, although their routine applicability, e.g., in official food control, is currently limited. The comparability of spectra acquired by different spectroscopic instruments using the same measurement principle is essential for the application of a common spectral database in laboratories and represents a current challenge in this field. In order to investigate possible approaches towards improved comparability of these spectra, a sample set of rapeseed (Brassica napus) and pumpkin seed (Cucurbita maxima) oils was analyzed using three Fourier-transform-mid-infrared spectrometers following the same procedure for sample preparation and measuring conditions. Depending on the instrument, the obtained spectra exhibited differences in absorbance, but not in wavelengths of bands position and maxima. As a result, the mutual prediction of original data (without mathematical correction) from different instruments using a partial least squares discriminant analysis model built and optimized with spectral data from only one instrument provided a sensitivity of 0% for the two-class model of rapeseed in pumpkin seed oil, indicating no discrimination at all. In order to minimize the spectral differences and thus to enhance the performance parameters of the prediction models, different mathematical correction approaches were investigated: (i) instrument-specific correction factors, (ii) combinations of different pre-processing steps and (iii) piecewise direct standardization (partial least squares-based regression). All investigated approaches achieved classification results with 100% sensitivity for the mathematically corrected data set of the respective instrument. The outcome of this study indicates that the correction approaches can be used to optimize the comparability of spectral data from different instruments, which is a first step towards harmonization in non-targeted analysis.

Dealing with the Material Legacies of Italian Fascist Colonialism in Post-Communist Tirana

Albania was Italy’s most short-lived colony, under official fascist control only from the Italian invasion in 1939 until the collapse of Mussolini’s regime in 1943. However, although the fascist occupation was brief, there had been a significant Italian involvement in Albania since 1923. Thus, the influence of Fascism on Albania and especially on the capital city of Tirana was immense, not least in the areas of urban planning and architecture, most of which was retained intact by the Communist dictatorship which ruled from 1944 to 1990. This essay investigates the afterlives of this fascist-era architecture in post-Communist Tirana. In the panoply of Italy’s imperial territories, Albania was unique in passing from a fascist dictatorship to a Communist one and this trajectory provides important nuance to the current debates regarding the legacies of fascist heritage in the 75 years since the regime’s fall and especially in the twenty-first century. This essay pays particular attention to the years 2016–2020 during which two notable examples of fascist-era architecture in Tirana, namely the city’s football stadium and the National Theatre, have been at the centre of major political and public debates about the future of the city, the country and its governance, asking what these recent cases can reveal about the memory of fascist imperialism in post-Communist, democratic Albania and contributing to ongoing debates about the management, treatment and reception of the material legacies of Italian colonialism more broadly.

A Linear Programming Method Based Optimal Power Flow Problem for Iraqi Extra High Voltage Grid (EHV)

The objective of an Optimal Power Flow (OPF) algorithm is to find steady state operation point which minimizes generation cost, loss etc. while maintaining an acceptable system performance in terms of limits on generators real and reactive powers, line flow limits etc. The OPF solution includes an objective function. A common objective function concerns the active power generation cost. A Linear programming method is proposed to solve the OPF problem. The Linear Programming (LP) approach transforms the nonlinear optimization problem into an iterative algorithm that in each iteration solves a linear optimization problem resulting from linearization both the objective function and constrains. A computer program, written in MATLAB environment, is developed to represent the proposed method. The adopted program is applied for the first time on Iraqi 24 bus Extra High Voltage (EHV) network (400 kV). The required are data taken from the operation and control office, which belongs to the ministry of electricity.

Peran Komunikasi Dan Pelayanan Dalam Meningkatkan Kepuasan Masyarakat

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of communication and services on community satisfaction (study at the Office of Population Control, Family Planning, Women's Empowerment and Child Protection in Boalemo Regency). The data used in this study is primary data sourced from filling out questionnaires. The research population is 75 respondents using the incidental method. The analytical technique used to answer research problems and test hypotheses is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that communication had a positive and significant effect on community satisfaction, service had a positive and significant effect on community satisfaction and simultaneously the variables of communication and service had a positive and significant effect on community satisfaction.

Can transillumination improve the detection of deep pectoral myopathy in turkey carcases when compared with postmortem inspection alone?

You work as an official veterinarian in a small turkey abattoir. The plant inspection assistants would like to begin using a light source to transilluminate turkey carcases to improve the detection of deep pectoral myopathy (also known as Oregon disease). This methodology would be used in conjunction with the legally required postmortem inspection. The plant inspection assistants would like to adopt this approach because it is mentioned in the relevant rejection cards provided within the Manual for Official Controls published by the UK Food Standards Agency. They ask for your opinion as you will ultimately be responsible for the postmortem inspections. You wonder whether there is any evidence that the addition of a light source would result in more accurate disease screening than postmortem examination alone. In [turkeys at risk of deep pectoral myopathy], does [shining a light through the carcass followed by postmortem inspection compared with postmortem inspection alone] result in [more accurate disease screening]? The search strategy can be viewed at https://bestbetsforvets.org/bet/588, and is also available as a supplement to this article on Vet Record's website at https://bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/20427670/2023/192/12 Search last performed: 14 May 2023 None of the articles returned by the literature search directly answered the question posed in this evidence evaluation. This highlights the need for research directly comparing these diagnostic methods to determine whether additional exposure to light improves disease screening accuracy. In the absence of peer-reviewed evidence, other information sources, such as government reports, could be used when deciding which diagnostic screening approach would be the most effective. However, there needs to be an appreciation of the costs and benefits associated with integrating any new processes during the meat inspection process. As the prevalence of deep pectoral myopathy in turkeys is reportedly low and using transillumination may be more time consuming than postmortem examination alone, this approach may potentially be more suited to low- to medium-throughput abattoirs. The ‘Evaluating The Evidence’ section of Vet Record aims to answer specific clinical questions using a systematic approach to identify and succinctly summarise the relevant evidence from the scientific literature. The shortcomings of this evidence are also taken into account, thereby enabling vets to incorporate the best available evidence from the literature when making clinical decisions. Please contact us at [email protected] if you have an article you would like us to consider for publication in this section. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.