Personal Control Research Articles

Study of the Response and Calibration Procedures of LiF:Mg, Ti TLD-100 for the Dosimetry of Photon Beam

To guarantee quality assurance and quality control of the received radiation dose and treatment level, Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) is frequently employed in personal control and monitoring equipment. TLDs are commonly used to ensure the precise delivery of radiation doses to patients in clinical radiotherapy, diagnostic radiology, personal radiation monitoring, and environmental radiation dosimetry. Even though the manufacturer made all the TLDs in the same batch, their sensitivity varies. This study aims to examine the TLD crystal calibration process, in particular, the crystal sensitivity and linearity of individual TLDs following exposure to radiation at various dosage levels for precise dosimetric radiotherapy purposes. Herein, a batch of twenty (20) LiF:Mg,Ti dosimeters was used for calibration in the air for low dose levels and in tissue equivalent water phantom for high dose. In this method, dosimetry of 20 sets of TLDs was carried out in the air on the skin of Alderson rando phantom and was exposed by 137Cs source to 1 mSv, 2 mSv, 3 mSv, 4 mSv, 5 mSv, 10 mSv, and 20 mSv dose. Again, TLDs were irradiated to 60Co beams following the reference dosimetry for 50 cGy, 100 cGy, 150 cGy, and 200 cGy at reference depth (5 cm) of a water phantom. The uncertainty of the variation of crystal sensitivity of our TLDs is 0.21%. The dose – response linearity of TLDs in both cases showed to be very close to unity having uncertainty within the recommended limit. This finding supports the clinical practice of measuring precise dosages of radiation using TLDs and essential to guarantee the correct delivery of the dose to the patient. Bangladesh Journal of Physics, Vol. 29, Issue 2, pp. 59 – 67, December 2022

Dose measurements with the Pille-ISS thermoluminescent dosimeter system during extravehicular activities (2004-2022).

One of the most problematic goals for radiation safety during spaceflight is an assessment of additional doses received by astronauts during extravehicular activity (EVA). The Pille-ISS thermoluminescent dosimeter developed by the predecessor of the Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN) Centre for Energy Research (Budapest, Hungary) is designed for the routine dose measurements not only inside the spacecraft compartments, but also for personal dosimetric control for EVA. During almost two decades of the International Space Station (ISS) operation, the unique set of 131 EVA doses were recorded in different conditions, such as: solar activity, ISS trajectory along the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA), and shielding conditions provided by two kinds of spacesuits: the Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) and Orlan. The EVA dose rates during the normal scenario (without SAA crossing during EVA) are: 26 μGy/h on average, with maximum value of 118 μGy/h for the EMU spacesuit; and 103 μGy/h on average, with maximum value of 255 μGy/h for the Orlan spacesuit. However, the corresponding EVA dose can increase by about 33% on average regardless the spacesuit type, depending on time spent in SAA. The worst case mean EVA dose is equivalent to ∼ 7 days inside the ISS with 2.423 mGy. In general, the possible additional radiation risk due to the EVA is small in comparison with typical half-year mission onboard the ISS. The long-term experience of EVA dose assessments with Pille-ISS dosimeter shows that in some cases the skin dose can be underestimated due to the excessive shielding of the standard Pille-ISS dosimeter. To solve this problem, the modified Pille-ISS dosimeters with significantly reduced shielding are developed and involved onboard the ISS for the dose measurements starting from 2023.

Changes in Decisional Conflict and Decisional Regret Among Living Kidney Donors From Pre-Donation to 1-Year Post-Donation.

Previous research indicates that most living kidney donors (LKDs) are content with their decision to donate and seldom experience regret. Nevertheless, a small percentage of donors report adverse experiences, such as psychological distress and reduced vitality. Therefore, it is essential to explore the experiences of LKDs, particularly within the context of their decision-making process both before and following kidney donation. This study aimed to examine the decisional conflict and decisional regret experienced by LKDs from the evaluation stage to 12 months post-donation and to identify the associated factors. A longitudinal study design was implemented, and the initial data collection took place when potential LKDs visited the hospital for evaluation (n = 50). Subsequent data collection was conducted at 3 (n = 49), 6, and 12 (n = 46) months post-donation. Variables, including basic demographics, decisional conflict, decisional regret, perceived control, psychological distress, and healthcare orientation, were collected. Generalized estimating equations were used to obtain inferential statistics. Results showed that perceived control characterized by personal control orientation, lower psychological distress, and better healthcare orientation were associated with reduced decisional conflict among LKDs. Meanwhile, lower decisional regret was associated with better self-perceived health status, perceived control inclined toward interpersonal control, and less psychological distress among LKDs. Nurses should assess the decisional conflict and mental health of potential LKDs, and provide clear information to support their decision regarding kidney donation. They should also offer self-care information and stress-coping strategies related to living donor nephrectomy to aid in reducing decisional conflict and regret.

The Application of Data Mining Models in Personal Credit Risk Control

This study employs LendingClub data in the field of personal credit risk control as an illustrative case. Various data mining models, and support vector machine, are utilized for training purposes. Additionally, a Stacking model is integrated into the analysis to forecast customer default likelihood. Subsequently, lending decisions are made in accordance with these predictions. The outcomes indicate a reduction in customer default rates compared to scenarios without the application of data mining models, thereby achieving our goal of risk control.

Relationship between psychological empowerment, physical activity enjoyment, and response to a HIIT Program in physically inactive young women: a prospective multicentre study

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the relationship of psychological empowerment and enjoyment of physical activity with changes in physical activity levels, sleep quality, and muscular endurance following a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program in physically inactive young women.MethodsA total of 61 physically inactive young women (age: 20.1 ± 2.7 y) were recruited to participate in a six-month HIIT intervention delivered via a smartphone app. Outcome measures included physical activity levels (MET-min/week), muscular endurance (plank test), and sleep quality through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control Questionnaire (HLPCQ) and the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) were used to assess psychological empowerment and enjoyment, respectively. Repeated measures ANOVA and covariate analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of the intervention and the role of psychological empowerment and enjoyment.ResultsAt 6 months, significant improvements in physical activity (p < 0.001; ηp²=0.336) and muscular endurance (p = 0.005; ηp²=0.085) were observed, with large and moderate effect sizes, respectively. The PACES showed a significant interaction with time for MET-min/week (F = 11.67, p = 0.001, ηp²=0.129), suggesting that enjoyment influenced the increase in physical activity. No significant differences in sleep quality were observed (p > 0.05).ConclusionEnjoyment plays a crucial role in the response to HIIT programs among physically inactive young women, particularly in improving weekly physical activity levels. Psychological training showed no significant relationship with the outcomes studied.

Acceptance of online therapy for children and adolescents with digital media use disorders: perspectives from child and adolescent psychiatrists and psychotherapists in Germany.

Online therapies have the potential to improve access to psychological services for individuals in need while alleviating the burden on healthcare systems. However, child and adolescent psychiatrists and psychotherapists (CAPPs) rarely integrate these services into their daily practice. This exploratory study investigates CAPPs' acceptance of online therapy, with a focus on treating children and adolescents with digital media use disorders (DMUD). The study aimed to examine attitudes toward online therapy for DMUD treatment and to identify barriers and facilitating factors to its implementation. A cross-sectional online survey (5-10min) was distributed to 1000 members of a German practitioner network, with 142 respondents completing it in full. Attitudes toward online therapy were assessed using adapted versions of the Attitude towards Telemedicine in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (ATiPP) questionnaire. Barriers and facilitating factors were explored using open-ended questions. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and regressions were used to analyze the closed-ended questions, while responses to open-ended questions were categorized. CAPPs reported considerable experience with DMUD, but less experience with online therapy. Attitudes towards online therapy were generally neutral, with less favorable views on its use for DMUD treatment. Key barriers to implementation in outpatient care included technical challenges, lack of personal contact or control, and concerns about data security. Facilitators included access to adequate technical resources, user-friendly and evidence-based programs, interactive tools, and opportunities for regular face-to-face interactions. The results highlight the need to develop online therapy solutions that align practitioners' needs and acceptance. However, further qualitative and quantitative research with more representative samples is essential for a more comprehensive understanding of this topic.

Voluntary and involuntary motor behaviours in the varieties of religious experience

Abstract Religion is a widespread feature of human life. Religions typically include both distinctive varieties of experience, and also a set of foundational beliefs. An additional, but often overlooked, part of many religions is their expression through specific actions, which we here designate religious motor behaviours. Here we describe these religious motor behaviours, and offer a taxonomy based on the conceptual schemes of movement neuroscience and neurology. Thus, religious rituals include both behaviours characterised by decreased motor output (e.g., ritualistic silence), and behaviours characterised by increased motor output (e.g., ritual dances). Neurology often also distinguishes between movements that are experienced as voluntary or involuntary. We show that this same distinction can also apply to religious experiences, since these may be characterised either by a heightened sense of personal control, or a sense of being controlled by an external, divine source. We then use these conceptual structures of movement neuroscience to investigate examples from a wide range of religious contexts. We thereby categorise religious motor behaviours into different classes, focussing on specific examples: repetitive ritual actions; motor behaviours where the experience of volition is altered, such as automatisms; and possession-like states. We suggest that a scientific approach to these behaviours should include their predominant phenomenological presentation, the accompanying subjective experience of volition, and the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms. This investigation shows rich parallels between religious motor behaviours and motor behaviours observed in neurological disorders, including those that present with functional neurological symptoms. Our approach does not and should not pathologise religious motor behaviours, but rather draws attention to a rich set of non-clinical motor phenomena that highlight important social, cultural and psychological elements of human movement control. Movement neuroscience and religious activity have unexplored overlaps and can usefully learn from each other.

The effectiveness of psychologically-informed physiotherapy for people with neck pain and the mediating role of illness perceptions: a replicated single-case experimental design study

Purpose (1) To evaluate the effectiveness of personalised psychologically-informed physiotherapy in people with neck pain; (2) To explore the mediating role of changes in illness perceptions. Method In this replicated single-case study, 14 patients with non-specific neck pain at risk for chronicity received a personalised intervention addressing unhelpful illness perceptions and dysfunctional movement behaviour, according to principles of cognitive functional therapy. Outcomes included the mediating role of illness perceptions on overall effect, function, pain intensity and self-efficacy. Linear mixed models were used to analyse the data. Results Repeated measurements (14-20 per patient), including a 3-months follow-up, showed a gradual improvement during and/or after psychologically-informed physiotherapy for overall effect, function, pain and to a lesser extent self-efficacy. Changes in each of the illness perception dimensions showed a mediation effect on overall effect, function and pain. When combining the dimensions “consequences,” “personal control,” “identity,” “concern” and “emotional response,” changes in illness perceptions explained approximately 35% of the improvement in overall effect. Conclusion Addressing unhelpful illness perceptions appears valuable in the management of patients with chronic or recurrent non-specific neck pain. Intervention effects extended beyond the treatment period, indicating that patients’ improved understanding of their health condition continued to have a positive impact.

Barriers to self-management engagement among community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a qualitative study.

Self-management is crucial for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to enhance cognitive health and mitigate the potential risk of dementia. However, maintaining consistent engagement in self-management strategies seems a challenge for older adults with MCI. This study sought to gain insights into the barriers to self-management engagement among community-dwelling older adults with MCI. This qualitative study used a phenomenological approach. Purposive sampling was used to recruit a diverse group of participants with MCI, aged 60 and above, residing in the provinces of Hubei, Jiangsu, Henan, and Anhui in China. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between January and May 2023, allowing for an in-depth exploration of participants' experiences and perceptions. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and subjected to thematic analysis to capture the essence of the participants' narratives. Twenty-six participants participated in the formal semi-structured interviews. The following themes and subthemes were identified: "inappropriate perceptions of MCI" ("low perception of risk from MCI" and "supposition of little personal control over MCI"), "elder self-neglect", and "lack of available information or support services about MCI". This study highlights significant barriers to self-management engagement among community-dwelling older adults with MCI, emphasizing the importance of developing tailored interventions that address misconceptions and self-neglect and enhance the availability of information and support services. These findings suggest avenues for policymakers and healthcare providers to foster more effective self-management practices in this population, promoting cognitive health and slowing potential progression to dementia.

Early detection and management of hearing loss to reduce dementia risk in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: findings from the treating auditory impairment and cognition trial (TACT).

Age-related hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) independently increase dementia risk. The Ageing and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders randomised controlled trial (RCT) found hearing aids reduce cognitive decline in high-risk older adults with poor hearing. This pilot RCT in London memory clinics randomised people with MCI (aged ≥55, untreated hearing loss defined as Pure Tone Average 0.5-4KHz between 25-70dB) into two groups. The intervention group received 4 sessions of hearing aid fitting and support. The control group received healthy ageing education and a GP letter recommending audiological referral. Both were followed for 6months. Primary outcomes were recruitment (feasibility target: 50%; 95% CI: 39%-61%) and retention (feasibility target: 80%; 95% CI: 71%-89%); intervention completion (≥2 visits) and hearing aid use (acceptability target: 80%; 95% CI: 71%-89%) for the intervention group and 50% difference between arms (95% CI: 31%-69%). Secondary outcomes included hearing aid fitting, cognition and other measures. From October 2018 to March 2020, 58 participants were recruited (29 per group, 95% [86%-99%]). Twenty-four participants were fitted with hearing aids in the intervention arm, and 6 in the control arm (difference: 62% [42%-82%]). At 6months, retention was 81% [69%-90%]. Hearing intervention completion (≥2 visits) was achieved by 24 (83%). Daily hearing aid use was reported by 18 (75%) intervention versus 5 (22%) control participants, a difference of 53% [29%-77%]. Randomisation of people with MCI to a personalised hearing intervention versus control is feasible. These findings support proceeding to a fully-powered multicentre RCT.

Perceived personal control and subjective well-being among farmers

This study investigates the relationship between perceived personal control and subjective well-being (SWB) in New Zealand's primary industry. Drawing from a sample of 4291 survey respondents, including 2802 commercial farmers and 1489 “lifestyle block owners” (i.e. non-commercial, hobby farmers), we find a positive association between perceived personal control and SWB, even after controlling for a range of covariates. Specifically, greater perceived personal control is linked to higher levels of hedonic well-being and life satisfaction for both groups. The study also decomposes the index of perceived personal control, revealing nuanced findings regarding its components' associations with SWB. Notably, feeling in control of one's life emerges as a significant predictor of SWB while the feeling that one's experiences are due to one's actions shows weaker or inconsistent associations. These findings underscore the importance of interventions aimed at enhancing perceived personal control, particularly through strategies targeting feelings of autonomy and control over one's life to promote well-being among rural populations. The study contributes valuable insights to the literature on subjective well-being in an agricultural context and highlights the significance of perceived personal control as a determinant of well-being among decision makers in New Zealand's primary industry.

ENABLING DATA PORTABILITY AND INTEROPERABILITY UNDER INDONESIA'S DATA PROTECTION LAW

The Indonesian parliament ratified the Personal Data Protection (PDP) Law in October 2022, introducing the Right to Data Portability (RtDP) in Article 13. This concept enables seamless information transfer, enhances personal control, and fosters innovation in the digital economy. This study analyzed data portability provisions under the PDP Law and drew insights from the EU and UK's experiences. Findings showed that data portability under the PDP Law, similar to the GDPR, fell short due to the absence of standardized guidelines, interoperability architectures, and non-mandatory compatibility policies. Prioritizing Open APIs for interoperability was crucial. Effective public-private collaboration was key in establishing sector-specific and cross-sector interoperability standards aligned with PDP Law regulations

Evaluation of Problem-solving Ability and Dental Hygiene Competency in Team-based Learning for Clinical Dental Hygiene

Objective: This study aimed to design a structured team-based learning (TBL) program in clinical dental hygiene and evaluate its impact on students’ problem-solving abilities and clinical dental hygiene competencies. Methods: The study included 33 fourth-year dental hygiene students. A structured TBL program was developed, incorporating team formation case-based learning across three topics. Representative cases involving children, adults, and the elderly were selected to provide diverse learning opportunities. The four sub-competencies and problem-solving abilities were assessed before and after TBL intervention. Statistical analyses included the Shapiro-Wilk test, paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Students’ problem-solving abilities improved significantly from a total score of 116.80±11.96 for 32 items to 122.23±12.80 (p=0.002). Dental hygiene competencies also improved significantly after TBL (p&lt;0.001). The results of the correlation analysis between problem-solving ability and the level of dental hygiene competency after TBL showed that all items except the personal control subscale had a positive correlation with the four dental hygiene subcompetencies (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Structured TBL significantly improved both clinical dental hygiene competencies and problem-solving abilities. These findings suggest that TBL is an effective educational strategy for enhancing dental hygiene students’ skills in clinical practice.

Perception of health and illness and quality of life after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma: the PERSAM study.

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine neoplasm; several studies have shown that individuals perceive the disease as being more severe than it actually is, resulting in a reduced quality of life. The primary aim of this study is to assess the quality of life and perception of illness among patients admitted for radiometabolic therapy, post total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma. The secondary aim is to identify which patient characteristics are associated with a lower quality of life in order to improve and personalize care. The study was conducted at the UOC of Radiotherapy Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS in Padua, Italy. Three questionnaires were administered: Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI), the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) and the Short Form Survey (SF-12). A descriptive statistics analysis and multiple linear regression models were performed to explore the relationship between some of the variables. Significant associations emerged between the type of surgery and higher values on the PGWBI questionnaire (P = 0.022) and the score obtained in the 'emotional representations' dimension of the IPQ-R questionnaire (P = 0.028). Pathology staging was statistically significantly (P = 0.026) associated with the score obtained in the dimension 'identity'; age with the scores obtained in the dimensions 'emotional representations' (P = 0.035), 'personal control' (P = 0.004), 'consistency with pathology' (P < 0.001) and 'causes' (P = 0.004). There is evidence of moderate distress in psychological well-being and good perception of pathology. There is less understanding of the disease in individuals with stage 3 and 4 thyroid cancer, in those who have undergone total thyroidectomy without lymphadenectomy and who are aged over 60. Physical well-being: limitations in self-care and moderately physically demanding activities. Mental health: more information to patients decreases the degree of stress and promotes 'positive' emotions. Physical health status: a long-term activity program, characterized by aerobic exercises to be performed in groups or at home, is useful. This study allows to transpose the results into clinical practice, evaluating the possibility and methods of providing personalized care to patients.

Personal Protective Equipment and Infection Control: Evaluating the Impact on Healthcare Worker Safety – A Review

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is a cornerstone of infection control, serving as a critical barrier between healthcare workers (HCWs) and infectious agents. This review evaluates the effectiveness of PPE in reducing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and safeguarding HCWs, with a focus on its role during recent global outbreaks such as COVID-19. A systematic search of peer-reviewed studies from 2016 onward revealed that proper PPE use significantly reduces infection risks, with reductions of up to 85% reported during high-risk scenarios. However, challenges such as resource shortages, improper usage, discomfort, and compliance issues persist, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The review highlights disparities in PPE availability and effectiveness between high-income countries (HICs) and LMICs, underscoring the need for equitable access and targeted interventions. Recommendations include enhancing supply chains, providing regular training, and promoting innovation in PPE design to improve usability and compliance. These findings underscore the essential role of PPE in infection prevention and the importance of sustained efforts to address existing barriers and ensure HCW safety globally.

A systematic review of age-structured malaria transmission models (2019–2024)

Malaria remains a serious and potentially fatal vector-borne disease, consistently ranking among the world’s deadliest infections. This study presents a systematic review of age-structured malaria transmission models. Articles were sourced from PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Research Gate Library, resulting in the identification and inclusion of eleven papers in the review. The findings highlight that children under the age of five are more susceptible to malaria than adults, due to their still-developing immune systems. The highest rates of morbidity and mortality are seen in youngsters, pregnant women, and people with impaired immune systems, making age structure a critical factor in the spread of malaria within populations. Personal protection and vector control are key strategies in reducing the transmission of malaria in communities. The study also suggests that the use of fractional operators in modeling could offer new insights into the dynamics of malaria transmission and potential control strategies.

Study on the Effect of Local Heating Devices on Human Thermal Comfort in Low-Temperature Built Environment

Localized heating systems are an effective approach to improve thermal comfort while reducing energy consumption in a cold indoor environment. Furthermore, localized heating devices have found widespread application in the hot-summer and cold-winter zones of China. This study investigates the heating characteristics of the local heating device in a low-temperature environment, as well as its effects on subjective perception and physiological responses, and develops a personalized control system for the device based on the experimental findings. We conducted experimental tests and questionnaires in a test room with air temperature set at 12 °C and 14 °C and a relative humidity of 55%. A total of six experimental conditions were designed using five types of heating equipment (heating wrist straps, heating insoles, heating leg straps, warm air blower, electric radiant heater), each employing different heat transfer methods. The results demonstrate that the head, hands, legs, and feet are susceptible to feeling cold in a low-temperature environment, and the use of a warm air blower and electric radiant heater can significantly enhance the thermal sensation of these parts, improve thermal acceptability, and raise local skin temperature. The electrocardiogram data indicate that heart rate variability can be utilized to assess thermal sensation in a cold environment with localized heating. Additionally, the relationship between thermal response and skin temperature was investigated, leading to the development of a control strategy for the local heating device in a low-temperature conditions.

The State of Stroke Rehabilitation Design in Australia: A Multi-Scalar Systematic Architecture Precedent Review

Objectives: This study explores stroke rehabilitation facility design in Australia, identifying the key design typologies at multiple scales and assessing them against the critical design criteria for stroke rehabilitation. Background: The physical environment plays a crucial role in stroke rehabilitation, affecting patient recovery and well-being. However, limited research examines how design can support therapeutic outcomes in these facilities. Method: From a systematic review of 257 Australian stroke rehabilitation facilities, 30 were selected for detailed design review, with an in-depth room-level analysis conducted for 10. Using the modified PRISMA framework and a typology analysis approach, this study integrates architectural precedent with clinical research methods. Results: Typologies were identified at the site, building, ward, and room levels. Acute hospital wards (53%) and ‘blocks’ (73%) were the most common site and building arrangements, respectively. At the ward level, ‘racetrack with courtyard’ layouts enhanced natural light, views, and access to landscaped areas. A room-level analysis revealed limited innovation, with most rooms adhering to standard designs, though some adaptations improved visual connectivity and personal control. Hybrid nurse stations and courtyards supported efficiency, social interaction, and therapeutic stimulation. Conclusions: This study highlights the user-centred design strategies tailored to stroke patients’ needs and the importance of evidence-based approaches prioritising well-being. Future research should incorporate 3D spatial analysis for actionable design recommendations.

Development and evaluation of a WeChat-based intervention program for prevention of breast cancer-related lymphedema.

Mobile health applications have been widely adopted among breast cancer survivors for disease management; however, their use specifically for the prevention of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) remains sparse. This study is aimed at developing a WeChat-based intervention program for the prevention of BCRL based on the common-sense model (CSM). This study was designed based on intervention mapping. First, a longitudinal investigation was conducted to determine the predictive effect of illness perception on BCRL prevention behaviors among breast cancer survivors. An intervention program was then constructed based on the CSM and longitudinal results. Finally, a WeChat mini-program was developed, and 15 patients were recruited to test its usability and user satisfaction through usability tests based on typical tasks and the Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ), respectively. The longitudinal study revealed that identity, personal control, illness coherence, and behavioral and physical factors in the causes dimension could positively predict prevention behaviors, whereas treatment control and uncontrollable factors exhibited negative predictive effects. This study then developed an individualized intervention program and a WeChat mini-program (named "Nantian e-Care") consisting of five modules: "resources," "questionnaires," "homepage," "consultation," and "personal center." Patients could read BCRL-related educational content, watch functional exercise videos, self-measure arm circumference, and consult questions. The five-task completion rates were 80.00 ~ 100.00%, the average completion time was 9.47 ~ 33.31s, and the scores of PSSUQ were greater than 5 points (full score 7 points). This study proposed a feasible intervention program for the prevention of BCRL and developed a customized WeChat mini-program with high usability and user satisfaction. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/ , ChiCTR2100048798.

Associated Factors of Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control among Outpatients with Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus in Biliran, Philippines

The study aims to assess the healthy lifestyle and personal control and associated factors among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in Biliran Provincial Hospital: Proposed Plan to Improve Healthy Lifestyle. The study utilized a descriptive-correlational research design. The researcher observes, describes and documents and effect related to the phenomenon which further assess the healthy lifestyle and personal control among patients with Type II Diabetes Milletus. It was conducted in Biliran Provincial Hospital. There were two hundred fifty-three respondents of the study. Majority of the respondents are female belonging to age ranging from 51-61 years old who are considered senior citizens. In terms of civil status, majority are married while single belong to the minority group. Majority of the clients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are College graduates. Many of them are also working in terms of their working status. Consequently, on the health status of the respondents, findings of the study revealed that majority of them are non-smokers while the smokers are few. Besides, they can consume one pack of cigarettes per day. As to the Body Mass Index (BMI), majority of them have high BMI and are considered obese. There was no significant relationship between the gender and working status and the lifestyle of the respondents. There is a significant relationship between the age, educational status, civil status and the lifestyle of the respondents. In the personal control of the respondents, there is no significant relationship between the gender and working status. There is a significant relationship between the personal control and the civil status. Age and educational status. There is no significant relationship between the health-related status and the personal control of the respondents. Lastly, there is a significant relationship between the health-related status and the lifestyle of the respondents. To address the findings of the study a proposed plan of improvement of healthy lifestyle.