Brushless DC Motor Control Research Articles

Soft Computing Technique of Bridgeless SEPIC Converter for PMBLDC Motor Drive

A novel speed controller for the three-phase Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor Drive is proposed using a closed-loop AC-DC Bridgeless SEPIC Converter in continuous Conduction mode. This design proposes a single stage AC-DC converter with ON and OFF state equivalent circuits for 400W, 48V at 2450 rpm PMBLDC motor drive. The Fuzzy based voltage and current controlling method is proposed in this design. The voltage controlling method is used to control the speed for BLDC motor and the current controlling method is used to improve the power factor in AC supply. The speed of BLDC motor is observed with voltage disturbance and the constant motor speed is maintained. The proposed control method on SEPIC converter fed PMBLDC motor drive is modeled by Simulink/Matlab.

Bi-Directional Position and Speed Estimation Algorithm for Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor

Abstract The observer design for estimation of back EMF to control the Brushless DC (BLDC) motor is proposed in this paper. Rotor position of the BLDC motor is estimated using the sequence of estimated back EMF. During speed reversal of motor, the actual and estimated values of speed fail to track the reference speed and if corrective action is not taken by the observer, the motor goes into the unstable region. To overcome this problem, the speed estimation algorithm is proposed for BLDC motor control during its speed reversal operation. Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Butterworth first order low-pass filters are used in the observer for smoothing the estimated back EMFs of the BLDC motor. A new controller scheme based on Modified Hybrid Fuzzy PI (MHFPI) controller is proposed to control the speed of the BLDC motor. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been validated through simulations for different disturbances such as step changes in the reference speed and load torque of the motor and results are compared with the existing methods.

Fuzzy with PID based Sensorless Brushless DC Motor Control

Fuzzy with PID based Sensorless Brushless DC Motor Control

New sensorless commutation method for BLDC motors based on the line‐to‐line flux linkage theory

Sensorless brushless DC (BLDC) motor control is one of today's industry's requirements. The quality of this control is strongly dependent on the exact identification of the rotor angle for switching. In this study, a new sensorless BLDC motor control is introduced that could determine the exact time of the commutation. This method is based on the line-to-line flux linkage. The unscented Kalman filter method is used to identify the parameters in the proposed method. In comparison with back electromotive force based methods, this approach has advantages such as reduction of torque ripple due to commutation operations and resistance to motor parameters’ changes. The correctness of the method and the performed comparison is proved by the computer simulation and practical results.

Loss model based efficiency optimized control of brushless DC motor drive

Energy efficiency improvement of electrical motor drives has recently become a very interesting subject. Several methods have been proposed in the literature to improve the efficiency of permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) with sinusoidal back-EMF. These methods are not precise and appropriate for brushless DC machine (BLDCM) with trapezoidal back-EMF. As a unique solution, this work introduces a flux controlled based loss minimization algorithm suitable for BLDCM that considers iron loss as well as influence of back-EMF harmonics; consequently promotes efficiency of machine. In this regard, the loss model of PMSM is extended based on multiple reference frame analysis to include back-EMF harmonics of BLDCM. As an advantage, proposed modified loss model does not require any additional data about the dimensions of machine that makes it suitable for industrial motor drive applications. The Proposed loss model is validated through experimental tests in different operating conditions. Afterward, by applying direct torque and indirect flux control of BLDCM as the control technique, d-axis current in the rotor reference frame is controlled to reduce the air gap flux and consequently iron loss of the machine. Finally, a procedure is presented to determine the optimum d-axis current which maximizes the efficiency. Effectiveness of proposed control system is evaluated using simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink and experimental results on a practical prototype. It is indicated that depending on the operating conditions, about 2% to 11% of efficiency improvement would be achieved in the proposed method.

Direct instantaneous torque control of Brushless DC motor using firefly Algorithm based fractional order PID controller

In this paper, a Firefly Algorithm (FA) based Fractional Order PID (FOPID) Controller is proposed for Brushless DC (BLDC) motor to achieve an effective control of torque and speed. In a conventional control of BLDC motors, the torque references are converted into current references and phase currents are controlled using current controllers. This indirect way of controlling torque is not effective and results in a ripple in the torque. This paper proposes a direct instantaneous scheme in which reference torques are compared with estimated torques directly and the error is given to FOPID controller. The FOPID torque controller controls the motor torque effectively with a very low ripple. Here, FA technique is used to tune the FOPID parameters. Simulation results are verified in Matlab/Simulink environment and also the effectiveness of proposed FOPID controller is compared with GA based FOPID controller.

Improved Finite Control-Set Model-Based Direct Power Control of BLDC Motor With Reduced Torque Ripple

This paper deals with active torque ripple compensation based on direct power control of permanent magnet brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive. The torque undulations caused by the mismatch between stator current and its nonsinusoidal back electromotive force (back EMF) waveforms is a well-known issue on BLDC motor drives. In this paper, to remedy this problem, a simple and comprehensive direct power control based approach is proposed. Instead of using conventional field-oriented control or direct torque control schemes, which are widely used in ac machines with sinusoidal flux distribution, an alternative approach is presented to control the mutual torque production through an active and reactive rotor power control loop. As a result, the proposed approach provides a simple way to reduce torque ripple of a permanent magnet synchronous motor with nonsinusoidal back EMF without requiring rotor orientation or back EMF harmonic content estimation method. In order to synthesize the proper input voltages in the context of torque ripple minimization, high bandwidth controllers are required to cope the torque ripple frequencies. In this sense, the power control loop is implemented based on two-vector finite control-set model-based predictive control approach, which provides fast torque response and good steady-state performance. The validity of the proposed control scheme for low torque ripple BLDC motor drive is verified through experimental results, achieving good steady-state performance while maintaining quick dynamic response.

Adaptive fourier series speed controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor and brushless dc motor

Permanent magnet motors provide the highest power density and highest efficiency among all types of electric motors. For machine tool components and fast dynamic positioning systems the PMSM motors are commonly used. On the other hand, the BLDC motor delivers a higher torque to size ratio compared to DC motors, making it suitable for applications where weight and space are important factors. The construction of PMSM and BLDC motors is similar. However, they require completely different control approach, (Field Oriented Control for PMSM and Trapezoidal Control for BLDC). In this paper a new adaptive controller for PMSM and BLDC motors is proposed. For this controller a trapezoidal control is implemented and the torque ripple (due to non-trapezoidal back-EMF), is reduced using a Fourier series approach. The proposed controller was implemented experimentally and the results confirm it is effective to reduce the effect of internal torque ripple as well as the speed ripple produced by external periodic torque disturbances applied to the PMSM. Using the Adaptive Fourier Series Controller, the reduction on speed ripple was 2.7% of nominal speed when the first four terms of Fourier series were used, while the standard Field Oriented Control produced a speed ripple of 112% of the nominal angular speed.

Design and Realization of Control System of Brushless DC Motor Based on ARM

With the development of science and technology, people are demanding more and more sophisticated technology products, especially in some advanced and high-end research fields. For example, in terms of medical devices, home appliances, and transportation vehicles, there are higher demands on them that they can become more and more compact and sophisticated to meet people’s needs better. Most of the daily products are inseparable from the motor drive, and the convenience of motor drive will bring about rapid development and improvement in these fields to make these technologies meet people’s requirements. Based on the powerful simulation function of SIMULINK, the brushless DC motor control system simulation was completed. In the thesis, through the establishment of two simulation models, the theoretical analysis of the principle and mathematical model of brushless DC motor is carried out. Finally, the brushless DC motor control system is designed on the basis of simulation and theoretical analysis, and the hardware selection and circuit design are carried out. The main control chip of the control system is the LPC1766 of NXP Company, which is based on ARM’s latest Contex-M3 kernel. Besides, the data transmission is realized by the Modbus bus protocol in this control system, and the software programming is carried out in the U-Vision4 development environment, of which the implementation process is presented by flowchart.

Stability and Performance Analysis of ANFIS Tuned PID Based Speed Controller for Brushless DC Motor

In this paper, stability and performance analysis of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) tuned Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) speed controller has been presented for Brushless DC motor. The stability of the proposed controller is examined using Lyapunov and Nyquist stability criterion. The performance of the proposed controller is analyzed for a step change in speed input and sudden load disturbance conditions and also compared with fuzzy PID, super twisting sliding mode control, and PID controllers. Sensitivity of the proposed controller is analyzed with parameter variation in inertia, permanent magnet flux, resistance and inductance of the motor. From the results, it is evident that the proposed controller is more stable and outperforms the other considered controllers in all performance aspects. Keywords: ANFIS, BLDC motor, fuzzy PID, lyapunov stability, nyquist stability, PID, super twisting sliding mode controller.

Implementation of a Novel Control Technique in Landsman Converter Using Bumble Bee Optimization

This paper focuses on a solar PV array based BLDC motor employing Landsman converter under partial shading condition (PSC). A converter acts as an interface between the SPV array under PSC and Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) feeding the Brushless DC (BLDC) motor. BLDC motor incorporating the merits of higher efficiency, high reliability, high ruggedness, easy-to-drive, capability to operate successfully at low voltage and excellent performance over a wide range of speed. The speed control of BLDC motor by variable DC-link voltage. This eliminates the additional phase current sensing, DC-link voltage sensing, additional control and associated circuitry. The proposed system includes simplicity control, compactness, and soft starting of the BLDC motor. The operation of Landsman converter in CCM results reduced stress on devices. To optimize the operating point of the SPV array in order to get maximum possible power output by means of the better maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique. The technique is Bumble Bee Mating Optimization (BBMO) based MPPT. The novel technique is compared to the conventional techniques. The simulated results are executed in MATLAB/SIMULINK.

Design of Sensor less Sliding-Mode BLDC motor Speed regulator using Class of Uncertain Takagi-Sugeno Nonlinear Systems

Current Research Brushless dc motor (BLDC) is very popular in wide variety of applications. In comparison to conventional dc motor, the brushless dc motor having electronic commutator rather than mechanical commutator, so it is more reliable than the dc motor. BLDC motors are commonly used in high end white goods (refrigerator, washing machine, dish washer etc.), high end pump applications which require higher reliability and efficiency. This paper proposed a new method for sensor less speed control of high-Speed brushless Dc motors with higher reliability of the motor. The sensor less BLDC motor based on back EMF sensing and a rotor position angular detection value. The Nonlinear characteristics of Sensor less BLDC motor analyzed using (TZ) fuzzy model in MATLAB. Simulated Results shows proposed control method superior than conventional controllers.

Remote Speed Control of Brushless DC Motor with Display

Modern electrical devices all strive for improved efficiency, reduced maintenance and reduced carbon emissions. Brushless DC (BLDC) motors represent the most recent development in a long evolution of motor technology. BLDCs provide enhanced reliability, decreased noise and extended lifetime while also providing efficiency superior to that available from AC induction motors. A speed control scheme of a BLDC motor using a Hall effect sensor is proposed. The Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique is used for control through a pre-programmed microcontroller, and the motor speed is handled by a remote and displayed in an LCD by the Hall effect sensor. The Hall effect sensor included in the speed control is a good alternative which can improve drive robustness due to reduced cleaning and maintenance. This development is expected to improve remote monitoring and operation of BLDC motors in a single package well-suited for dusty/ limited access environments.

Speed Control of BLDC Motor using DRV8312EVM in VisSim Environment

The paper presents controlling the Speed of Brushless DC Motor by using VisSim software interfaced with a GUI named InstaSPIN-FOC (Field Oriented Control).VisSim is a software related to Visual Environment for model based exploring the Embedded Systems. It has a highly ingenious diagram-to-code capability, which reduces the complexity of design, time and improves quality of the product. In recent times, Brushless DC Motor has found wide range of Industrial applications for its high reliability, high efficiency, more torque per weight and low maintenance. InstaSPIN-FOC is a complete sensor-less FOC, which provides a solution in on-chip ROM for the selected devices (FAST observer, FOC, speed and current loops), masterfully governs the speed of the Motor without use of any speed sensors. This paper provides a basic understanding of DRV8312 and F28069. Simulation using VisSim have been executed. Prior to VisSim, simulation is performed with MATLAB Simulink. The speed waveforms for various gain settings are observed and hence studied the drive response. In this paper, the Speed Control of Brushless DC Motor using DRV8312 evaluation module along with F28069 control card in VisSim environment is been implemented.

Improved Control of BLDCM Considering Commutation Torque Ripple and Commutation Time in Full Speed Range

The three phases of brushless dc motor (BLDCM) are involved in energy conversion during the commutation interval. A novel commutation analysis method of the BLDCM based on coordinate transformation theory is proposed in this paper, though this coordinate transformation theory is popular in the control of three-phase sinusoidal motors, such as induction motors and permanent magnet synchronous motors. The method is intuitive and easy to understand compared with the method based on circuit solving. Combined with the voltage vector diagram of the inverter, commutation control to reduce commutation torque ripple under low speed (LS_RCTR) and high speed (HS_RCTR) is deduced. However, under a heavy load and high-speed condition, long commutation time may result in commutation failure if these commutation controls to RCTR is adopted. To avoid that, commutation time must be controlled. Then, commutation control to reduce commutation time under low-speed (LS_RCT) and high-speed (two cases, named HS_RCT1 and HS_RCT2) are proposed. The improved control of BLDCM presented in this paper can coordinate commutation torque ripple and commutation time in full speed range. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of these methods are verified by experiment.

Multimode Current Hysteresis Control for Brushless DC Motor in Motor and Generator State With Commutation Torque Ripple Reduction

Nowadays, studies of the control of brushless dc motor (BLDCM) are mainly focused on motor state. However, it may also work in generator state. Current hysteresis control (CHC) is very suitable for the motor control, because it can directly control current. In this paper, a multimode CHC for BLDCM in motor and generator state is presented. It can not only complete commutation successfully but also reduce commutation torque ripple. Moreover, a novel transition control method based on the background of CHC with fast response is proposed to carry out commutation and the transition processes simultaneously. Finally, the effectiveness and insensitivity to the parameters of the proposed control algorithm are verified by experiments.

Position Signal Compensation Control Technique of Hall Sensor Generated by Uneven Magnetic Flux Density

Generally, brushless dc (BLDC) motor control uses a 120° conduction method that utilizes a low-cost Hall sensor as a position sensor. However, because of the mounting position error of the Hall sensor and the uneven magnetic flux density of the rotor, an erroneous position signal may be output, which will adversely affect the BLDC motor control. Therefore, this paper analyzes the abnormal electric current section that occurs due to the position error of the Hall sensor and the uneven magnetic flux density. Subsequently, the error is derived from the analyzed phenomenon as a formula. The compensation control algorithm to overcome the control problem due to this error is studied, and a method to maintain an accurate energization interval is suggested. Further, it is shown through experiments that the quantitative analysis of the error using the proposed compensation control algorithm is valid.

An Internal Current Controlled BLDC Motor Drive Supplied with PV Fed High Voltage Gain DC-DC Converter

The paper presents an efficient speed control of brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive for photo-voltaic (PV) system fed system. A high-gain DC-DC converter is employed in the system to boost the PV system low output voltage to a level required for the drive system. High-gain DC-DC converter is operated in closed-loop mode to attain accurate and steady output. The converter (VSI) for BLDC is switched at fundamental frequency and thus reducing high frequency switching losses. Internal current control method is developed and employed for the speed control of PV fed BLDC motor. The appropriateness of the internal current controller for the speed control of PV fed BLDC motor is verified for increamental speed with fixed torque and decreamental speed with fixed torque operating conditions. The system is developed and results are developed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software

An Efficient Position Tracking Smoothing Algorithm for Sensorless Operation of Brushless DC Motor Drives

This paper presents a new position sensorless scheme in which a smoothing filter algorithm is proposed to improve the results obtained through Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm in tracking the rotor position for sensorless control of brushless DC motors. The rotor position and speed are estimated from the input voltage and current using the Extended Kalman Filter. States obtained through filtering in each sampling instant are refined, using the new smoothing algorithm, giving much better results. In the proposed method, the estimated state in previous instant is enhanced using the present measurement sample by the smoothing algorithm which is then used to improve the present estimated state variables. The complete system is modelled and simulated in MATLAB to verify the merit of the proposed smoothing algorithm. A comparison with conventional EKF is done for various load torque and speed conditions to establish the performance of the new sensorless algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed smoothing technique offers better estimation accuracy. The peak error in the estimated speed and rotor position is considerably reduced when compared with EKF. The improved state estimate can be used as feedback for speed control of brushless DC motors in variable speed drives.

Speed control of brushless Dc motor: Review Paper

This paper presents the overall review of Basics of PMBLDC Drive System, Converter Topologies, Fuzzy Logic Controlled PMBLDC Drive System for BLDC motor drives. BLDC motors are widely used for household applications due to its features of high reliability, simple frame, high efficiency, fast dynamic response, compact size and low maintenance, etc. The switches are electronically commutated based on the information of rotor position detection. The position of the rotor is determined with the help of the sensor or sensorless techniques. Hence it is an electronically commutated motor.