Control Division Research Articles

The Influence of Terminal Booking System (TBS), Yard Operation Plan (YOP), Turn Round Time (TRT) on Operational Effectiveness PT Pelindo Terimnal Peti Kemas Semarang

PT Pelindo Terminal Peti Kemas Semarang (TPKS) is a subholding of PT Pelindo that focuses on export and import container services. TPKS is one of the pioneers of the smart port concept in Indonesia, one of which is by implementing the Terminal Booking System (TBS) and Yard Plan to reduce Turn Round Time (TRT). However, in practice there are still many discrepancies between booking and gate-in hours, which have an impact on operational activities. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the Terminal Booking System, Yard Operation Plan, Turn Round Time both partially and simultaneously and to see the factors that most influence the operational effectiveness of TPKS. This study used a quantitative method of explanatory format with a population of planning, control and operational management divisions using total sampling. The results of this study indicate that there is a positive and significant influence between the Terminal Booking System, Yard Operation Plan, Turn Round Time both partially and simultaneously on the operational effectiveness of TPKS. Meanwhile, the most influential factor is the Turn Round Time variable. The conclusion is that there is a positive and significant influence between TBS, YOP, and TRT either partially or simultaneously on the operational effectiveness of TPKS. The researcher's suggestion for PT Pelindo TPKS is to be able to optimize loading and unloading activities and receiving delivery in domestic CY (Container Yard).

Strengthening influenza surveillance capacity in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Nearly two decades of direct support from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Since 2004, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Influenza Division (ID) has supported seven countries in the Eastern Mediterranean region and the World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean to establish and strengthen influenza surveillance. The substantial growth of influenza surveillance capacities in the region demonstrates a commitment by governments to strengthen national programs and contribute to global surveillance. The full value of surveillance data is in its use to guide local public health decisions. CDC ID remains committed to supporting the region and supporting partners to translate surveillance data into policies and programs effectively.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Harvard Program Evaluation Practicum: 10 Years of Partnership in Public Health Program Evaluation.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s Division of Reproductive Health and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH) Program Evaluation Practicum (CDC/HSPH Practicum) is a mutually beneficial workforce development partnership formed to provide state, local, and tribal public health organizations with an evaluation plan for a maternal and child health (MCH) program. State, local, and tribal public health organizations submit an MCH program in need of evaluation for inclusion consideration. Student pairs are matched with the selected programs in a 3-week practical field-based experience. This Practicum provides didactic training for both program staff and students followed by field work at the public health organizations. Students provide organizations with comprehensive evaluation plans, complete with logic model, methodology, and indicators. Since the Practicum's inception in 2013, 104 HSPH graduate students have been trained and 30 states and 1 territory have participated and received evaluation plans for their MCH programs. The utility and importance of the CDC/HSPH Practicum is evidenced by program staff and student feedback. Multiple states have implemented the plans designed by the students, with some evaluations leading to program enhancements. The CDC/HSPH Practicum prepares students for the workforce and adds much needed capacity to public health organizations by providing them with evaluation knowledge and skills, and usable evaluation plans to improve MCH-a win-win for all.

NCCN Policy Summit: Reducing the Cancer Burden Through Prevention and Early Detection.

Cancer prevention, screening, and early detection play an integral role in cancer incidence and outcomes. It is estimated that 30% to 50% of cancers worldwide are preventable, and it is well established that early detection of many cancers is associated with improved treatment outcomes. A recent NCCN Policy Summit: Reducing the Cancer Burden Through Prevention and Early Detection brought together healthcare providers, payers, policymakers, patient advocates, industry representatives, and technology representatives to explore challenges, triumphs, and outstanding questions surrounding current practices. Keynotes were delivered by Dr. Lisa Richardson, Director of the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control within the CDC, and Dr. Danielle Carnival, White House Cancer Moonshot Coordinator. Dr. Richardson focused on the field of public health, translating its utility in preventing and diagnosing cancer in the United States, while Dr. Carnival discussed ambitious goals by the Cancer Moonshot in reducing the cancer burden. Panelists highlighted characteristics of high-impact prevention and early detection programs, including how genetic testing has impacted this space. Existing programs are often challenged due to limitations in data, as well as financial, structural, and social barriers to motivating individuals to act on recommendations. Despite these barriers, we can learn from highly successful programs and should apply proven attributes, such as community engagement, more broadly.

Study Of Workload And Employee Competence Towards Employee Performance With Organizational Commitment As An Intervening Variable

Employee performance that is not as expected has an impact on the overall performance of the organization, so the focus of this study is to examine the influence of workload, competence on employee performance through organizational commitment studies on employees of PT Hitachi Metals Indonesia Cilegon with a total sample of 100 employees in the Quality Control Division, the data collection technique used is the distribution of questionnaires with a Likert scale as a rating scale, In this study, the hypothesis is tested using path analysis with SPSS and the Sobel Test, and the results show that workload has a positive effect on commitment and performance, and competence has a positive effect on employee commitment and performance. While organizational commitment can mediate between workload and performance, as well as competence and performance.

Rethinking communications for governance of malaria programs.

Malaria has, to a great extent, become normalized and accepted as inevitable. To resume global progress on malaria elimination, national malaria programs in many malaria-endemic countries urgently need to add new tactics. The global COVID-19 experience has demonstrated that it is possible to rapidly shift health programming and governance. In this essay we argue that a key to transforming malaria programming is stronger and more strategic communications to bring malaria to the forefront. Our concept of communications goes beyond the typical malaria behavior change communication or information, education and communication campaigns; to truly have an impact on improving the malaria situation in the countries where it is most entrenched, malaria program staff and advocates must also focus more on strategic communications to rally the full range of stakeholders to prioritize malaria. We searched two databases of peer-reviewed literature and one malaria-focused journal for examinations of strategic communications for malaria governance and found no publications that deal directly with the topic. This paper therefore proposes a framework for strategic communications for malaria governance that involves five key elements: knowing the audience, defining the message, designing a medium, identifying a messenger, and selecting the timing. Throughout the essay, we draw on experiences from Uganda, where one of the authors leads the country's National Malaria Control Division. Strategic communications can trigger improvements in malaria control by driving and supporting decision-making by individuals and leaders. Further, strategic communications is a tool used to improve policy, mobilize resources, and serve as the management glue that holds a malaria program and team together as they move their nations towards malaria elimination.

The roles of a novel CDKB/KRP/FB3 cell cycle core complex in rice gametes and initiation of embryogenesis.

The cell cycle controls division and proliferation of all eukaryotic cells and is tightly regulated at multiple checkpoints by complexes of core cell cycle proteins. Due to the difficulty in accessing female gametes and zygotes of flowering plants, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying embryogenesis initiation despite the crucial importance of this process for seed crops. In this study, we reveal three levels of factors involved in rice zygotic cell cycle control and characterize their functions and regulation. Protein-protein interaction studies, including within zygote cells, and in vitro biochemical analyses delineate a model of the zygotic cell cycle core complex for rice. In this model, CDKB1, a major regulator of plant mitosis, is a cyclin (CYCD5)-dependent kinase; its activity is coordinately inhibited by two cell cycle inhibitors, KRP4 and KRP5; and both KRPs are regulated via F-box protein 3 (FB3)-mediated proteolysis. Supporting their critical roles in controlling the rice zygotic cell cycle, mutations in KRP4, KRP5 and FB3 result in the compromised function of sperm cells and abnormal organization of female germ units, embryo and endosperm, thus significantly reducing seed-set rate. This work helps reveal regulatory mechanisms controlling the zygotic cell cycle toward seed formation in angiosperms.

Longitudinal Assessment of Postconcussion Driving: Evidence of Acute Driving Impairment.

Current medical practices and recommendations largely ignore the safety of postconcussion driving, even though commonly used measures of neurocognition, balance, and vestibulo-ocular function show impairment. To compare simulated driving between patients with concussion and controls throughout concussion recovery using a case-control design. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. A total of 26 concussed and 23 control Division I collegiate athletes completed a driving simulation assessment at 3 time points (within 72 hours, asymptomatic, and return to sport). Cumulative driving simulation outcome variables included total number of collisions, speed exceedances, stop signs missed, lane excursions, total drive time, percentage of time over the speed limit, and percentage of time out of the lane. The mean speed, standard deviation of speed (SDS), lateral lane position, and standard deviation of lateral lane position (SDLP) were examined for each of the 11 drive segments. Outcomes were compared using generalized linear mixed models with random intercepts by participant with Poisson or normal distributions. Within 72 hours of injury, the concussion group committed more lane excursions (median difference, 2; P = .003), exhibited greater SDS while avoiding a child pedestrian crossing the road (Cohen d = 0.73; P = .011), drove ~7 inches (~18 cm) closer to the centerline during a residential left curve (d = 0.90; P = .015), and had greater SDLP while navigating around a car crash compared with controls (d = 0.72; P = .016). When asymptomatic, the concussion group committed fewer speed exceedances (median difference, 2; P = .002) and had lower SDLP while navigating through a traffic light compared with controls (d = 0.60; P = .045). No differences were evident at return to sport. Groups did not differ in total collisions at any time point. The concussion group showed more impaired driving patterns within 72 hours of injury, drove more conservatively once asymptomatic, and had similar driving performance at the time they returned fully to sport. Clinicians should consider these findings when discussing driving with patients acutely after concussion. Further research is needed to determine whether on-road collision risk is elevated after concussion.

Consensus-based framework for evaluating data modernization initiatives: the case of cancer registration and electronic reporting.

As part of its data modernization initiative (DMI), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control is testing and implementing innovative solutions to improve cancer surveillance data quality and timeliness. We describe a consensus-based effort to create a framework to guide the evaluation of cancer surveillance modernization efforts by addressing specific context, processes, and costs related to cancer registration. We drew on prior theories, consulted with experts, and sought feedback from cancer registry staff. We developed the cancer surveillance systems, context, outcomes, and process evaluation (CS-SCOPE) framework to explain the ways in which cancer registry data quality, timeliness, and efficiency are impacted by external and internal contextual factors and interrelated process and content factors. The framework includes implementation measures to understand acceptability of process changes along with outcome measures to assess DMI initiation and ongoing sustainability. The framework's components and structures can be tailored for use in other DMI evaluations.

BEBAN KERJA PSIKOLOGIS DAN FISIK DENGAN NASA-TLX DAN CARDIOVASCULAR LOAD (CVL)

The unsafe behavior of workers causing work injuries and accidents is an important concern of the world so it is embraced by psychological and physical work measurements. The study aims to analyze the psychological and physical workload of employees in the quality control (QC) division, psychological workload measured by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) method, and physical workload based on the percentage of Cardiovascular Load (% CVL) of 15 employees in the QC division. The research step was carried out by measuring psychological workload based on 5 aspects, namely: Psychological demand (MD), Physical Demand (PD), Own Performance (OP), Effort (EF) and Frustration Level (FR), weighting, rating and calculating the Weighted Workload (WWL) Value, determining the average WWL and interpretation based on the physical workload score value with CVL. Physical workload measurement is carried out by calculating the maximum pulse rate based on the pulse rate at work (DNK) and pulse rate at rest (DNI) to determine the percentage value of CVL. The results of the psychological workload score study using the NASA-TLX method, that 2 employees (13.33%) were in a low category while 11 employees (73.33%) were in the medium category, and 2 employees (13.33%) in the high category, proposed improvements with the addition of employees to reduce the psychological workload. The physical workload score value using the CVL method is less than 30% so the physical workload of employees is categorized as "No Fatigue" so that there is no improvement to reduce the physical workload or quality control division employees do not experience physical workload. The scale of the data with a larger population is recommended to be tested in future studies.

Quality Control with Six Sigma Method to Minimize Polyester Fabric Product Defects at PT Sukuntex

Quality control needs to be done to face industrial competition. PT. Sukuntex is a textile industry that produces fabrics, one of which is polyester with 58% production from the total fabric production. PT. Sukuntex has a make to order fabric production system, the company carries out quality control by inspecting every fabric produced in the quality control division. In this study, an analysis of polyester fabric quality control using the six sigma method with the DMAI (Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve) steps to determine the DPMO value, the company's sigma level, the causes of defects, and improvements. The results of this study found 3 dominant defects based on the Pareto diagram, namely thin thickness, sparse, and dirty oil. In calculating the DPMO value, the result is 49,825.15 meters with the sigma value obtained is 3.15. The sigma value can increase with quality improvement. Therefore, the causes of defects were analyzed using a fishbone diagram which resulted in human, machine, method, and environmental factors. FMEA-AHP method for improvement priorities, where FMEA analyzes the ranking of the causes of defects, then prioritizes improvement based on weights with AHP. Improvement plan using the 5W+1H method at the improve stage.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Malaysia: findings from a nationwide cross-sectional study

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Malaysia: findings from a nationwide cross-sectional study

Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Motivasi dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Devisi Quality Control PT. Pahala Bahari Nusantara

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of leadership, motivation, work discipline, and employee performance as the dependent variable. The unit of analysis in this research is the employees of PT Pahala Bahari Nusantara Quality Control division. The total population is 80 people with the determination of the sample using the slovin formula which produces as many as 75 respondents. This study uses the analysis of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model to determine how much independent influence the dependent variable has through the intervening variables, carried out using the lisrel 8.8 program. Data collection techniques in this study using observation techniques, questionnaires, data collection. Data analysis techniques in this study used the Classical Assumption Test, Multiple Regression, Hypothesis Test (t test and F test), and the coefficient of determination. The results of the research show that it is partially known that leadership has a positive and significant influence on the performance of employees of PT Pahala Bahari Nusantara Division of Quality Control. Partially it is known that motivation has a positive and significant influence on employee performance at PT Pahala Bahari Nusantara. Partially work discipline has a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Simultaneously it is known that leadership, motivation, and work discipline have a positive and significant influence on the performance of employees of PT Pahala Bahari Nusantara Division of Quality Control.

Twenty years of collaborative research to enhance community practice for cancer prevention and control.

The Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) was established in 2002 to conduct applied research and undertake related activities to translate evidence into practice, with a special focus on the unmet needs of populations at higher risk of getting cancer and dying from it. A network of academic, public health and community partners, CPCRN is a thematic research network of the Prevention Research Centers Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The National Cancer Institute's Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS) has been a consistent collaborator. The CPCRN has fostered research on geographically dispersed populations through cross-institution partnerships across the network. Since its inception, the CPCRN has applied rigorous scientific methods to fill knowledge gaps in the application and implementation of evidence-based interventions, and it has developed a generation of leading investigators in the dissemination and implementation of effective public health practices. This article reflects on how CPCRN addressed national priorities, contributed to CDC's programs, emphasized health equity and impacted science over the past twenty years and potential future directions.

Review of Restricted Experiment Requests, Division of Select Agents and Toxins, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014-2021.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Select Agents and Toxins (DSAT) regulates laboratories that possess, use, or transfer select agents and toxins within United States as part of the Federal Select Agent Program. DSAT also mitigates biosafety risks through the review of "restricted experiments," which under the select agent regulations are experiments that pose heightened biosafety risks. In a previous study, we evaluated restricted experimental requests submitted to DSAT for review between 2006 and 2013. The purpose of this study is to provide an updated analysis of requests to conduct potential restricted experiments submitted to DSAT between 2014 and 2021. This article describes the trends and characteristics of the data associated with restricted experimental requests involving select agents and toxins that have an impact on public health and safety (US Department of Health and Human Services agents only) or both public health and safety and animal health or products (overlap agents). From January 2014 to December 2021, DSAT received 113 requests to conduct potential restricted experiments; however, 82% (n=93) of those requests were determined not to meet the regulatory definition of a restricted experiment. Of the 20 requests that met the definition of a restricted experiment, 8 were denied because the experiments had the potential to compromise disease control in humans. DSAT continues to encourage entities to practice due diligence and request a review of research that could potentially meet the regulatory definition of a restricted experiment out of an abundance of caution to protect public health and safety and prevent any potential compliance action.

Comparison of recurrent neural network and long-short term memory technique in predicting mortality rate in Malaysia

The Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health states that mortality data are a crucial tool for examining a community's health. Several studies have been conducted on developing a predictive model to predict the mortality rate but most of them are applying the standard machine learning models. Hence, this study is conducted with its main objective to develop the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models in predicting the general mortality rate in Malaysia and compare the predicted mortality rates between data with and without post-pandemic statistics. The death rate was investigated using the 2022 Revision of World Population Prospects, the twenty-seventh edition of official United Nations population estimates and projections issued by the Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat's Department of Economic and Social Affairs. A Z-test was employed to investigate if the 2021 and 2022 mortality rates bring any significant difference to the predicted mortality rates. The findings confirm the superiority of the LSTM model in accurately predicting mortality rates compared to RNN with the inclusion of post-pandemic data did not significantly affect the model's predictions. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of Malaysian mortality rates and provides a foundation for future investigations in this field. The accuracy in predicting the future mortality rates, particularly in pandemic scenarios, remains challenging and requires further research.

Unprecedented Outbreak of West Nile Virus — Maricopa County, Arizona, 2021

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquitoborne disease primarily transmitted through bites of infected Culex species mosquitos (1). In the United States, WNV is the leading domestically acquired arboviral disease; it can cause severe illness affecting the brain and spinal cord with an associated case fatality rate of 10% (2,3). On September 2, 2021, Maricopa County Environmental Services Department, Vector Control Division (MCESD-VCD) notified the Maricopa County Department of Public Health (MCDPH) and the Arizona Department of Health Services (ADHS) that the WNV vector index (VI), a measure of infected Culex mosquitoes, was substantially elevated. By that date, at least 100 WNV cases had already been reported among Maricopa County residents to MCDPH by health care providers and laboratories. Within 2 weeks, the VI reached its highest ever recorded level (53.61), with an associated tenfold increase in the number of human disease cases. During 2021, a total of 1,487 human WNV cases were identified; 956 (64.3%) patients had neuroinvasive disease, and 101 (6.8%) died. MCESD-VCD conducted daily remediation efforts to mitigate elevated VI and address mosquito-related complaints from residents (i.e., large numbers of outdoor mosquitoes from an unknown source and unmaintained swimming pools potentially breeding mosquitoes). MCDPH increased outreach to the community and providers through messaging, education events, and media. This was the largest documented focal WNV outbreak in a single county in the United States (4). Despite outreach efforts to communities and health care partners, clinicians and patients reported a lack of awareness of the WNV outbreak, highlighting the need for public health agencies to increase prevention messaging to broaden public awareness and to ensure that health care providers are aware of recommended testing methods for clinically compatible illnesses.

Facilitating Nutrition and Physical Activity-Focused Policy, Systems, and Environmental Change in Rural Areas: A Methodological Approach Using Community Wellness Coalitions and Cooperative Extension.

Obesity prevalence is higher among rural populations than urban, which may be related to differences in environments. Rural counties face barriers to accessing healthy foods and physical activity opportunities including isolation, transportation distances, and lack of facilities. As part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity High Obesity Program, community-based wellness coalitions were established in six South Dakota counties with adult obesity prevalence >40%. The community coalitions were charged with improving access to healthy foods and safe and accessible places to participate in physical activity within their rural, underserved communities. Coalitions were created and members were recruited by Cooperative Extension staff who had existing relationships with key stakeholders within the community. Within these coalitions, champions were identified to provide leadership and ensure project implementation. Ongoing support and technical assistance were provided to the community coalitions by Cooperative Extension staff as they completed a community needs assessment, disseminated results of the needs assessment with the community, created action plans based on needs assessment data, implemented evidence-based interventions to support nutrition and physical activity policy, system and environmental changes, and assessed impact within their community. Overall, the purpose of this article is to share the project methodology, which capitalized on using Cooperative Extension, to build capacity to improve the nutrition and physical activity environment in rural, unserved communities. Sustainability of this work, along with lessons learned, is also discussed.

Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of leaking chemicals from serum infusion sets: an in-vitro study.

Safety concerns about medical devices playing important role in health sciences and bioengineering research are rising day by day. Although there are specific standards regarding disposable medical materials, the information is updating with the toxicological studies. In this study, cytotoxic/genotoxic effects of chemicals leaking from serum infusion sets that have an important place in the clinic were investigated. Media containing leakage chemicals were prepared from equal samples taken from the plastic line sections of 13 different brands of serum infusion sets containing phthalates and the effects on the cultured cells were compared with the untreated control groups. To obtain leaking chemicals, extracting period was selected as 72h, a routine set-change time in the clinic as indicated in various publications. Neutral red uptake and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide tests were performed in L929 cells to determine cytotoxicity, and cytokinesis blocked micronucleus technique was performed in lymphocytes to determine genotoxicity. Cytotoxic and genotoxic damage levels were compared by evaluating cell-viability rates relative to control, micronucleus frequency, and nuclear division index values. The results showed that all sets caused a decrease in cell viability revealing the effects both on lysosomal and mitochondrial activity and increase in micronucleus frequencies in general. The number of similar studies is extremely limited, and in this study in addition to the short-term effects of using the serum infusion sets, the information about the sample tests to determine the biosecurity of disposable medical materials is given.

Indoor monoterpene emission rates from commercial cannabis cultivation facilities in Colorado

ABSTRACT In 2019, an air emissions field sampling study was conducted by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment’s Air Pollution Control Division (APCD) at four commercial cannabis cultivation facilities. Measurements of ambient biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) concentrations were collected from various growing stages of cannabis (vegetative and flowering) and during post-harvest activities (drying and trimming). These data were then used to determine room-specific biogenic VOC emission rates for three of the facilities from the vegetative stage of the life cycle through post-harvest activities. This study shows that the magnitude of biogenic VOC emissions within a cannabis cultivation facility varies widely with the highest emission rates of up to 7.18E–1 kg/hr found during mechanical trimming and up to 2.33E–1 kg/hr in the drying rooms. These were up to an order of magnitude higher than emission rates found in the cultivation rooms. For example, Facility A vegetative room had an emissions rate of 1.46E–2 kg/hr. Normalized by the amount of biomass present, the drying rooms had the highest VOC emissions rates, with a maximum rate of 1.6E–3 kg/hr/kg biomass. The flowering room rates were found to be up to 3.25E–4 kg/hr/kg biomass and drying rooms up to 1.16E–3 kg/hr/kg biomass. When normalized by plant count, emission rates in the flower rooms ranged from 8.11E–6 to 3.62E–4 kg/hr/plant. The dominant monoterpenes from sampling were β-myrcene, terpinolene, and D-limonene. These data suggest that the variability in emission rates across cannabis production will create a challenge in establishing a generalized emission factor for all facilities. Across the industry, cannabis cultivation conditions and strategies can vary widely impacting the amount and type of VOC emissions. Minimizing uncertainties for VOC emission from cannabis facilities requires site-specific information on air exchange rates, plant counts, cannabis strains, biomass, and if hand or mechanical processing is used. Implications: This study found that the magnitude of biogenic VOC emissions within a cannabis cultivation varies widely throughout rooms found in the facility, with the highest emissions found during post-harvest activities (i.e. trimming) and the lowest rates in the vegetative room. These data suggest that the large emission sources of VOCs are found post-harvest and emission inventories based solely on cultivation emissions will underestimate total biogenic VOC emissions from indoor cannabis cultivation facilities. The dominant measured terpenes throughout all facilities from cultivation to post harvest were: β-myrcene, terpinolene, and D-limonene.