Contraposition Research Articles

The first Czech perinatal hospice: Joint venture or competitive field?

There is no legally established perinatal hospice in the Czech Republic. Several initiatives work towards launching an institution to support parents in the event of a fatal prenatal diagnosis or life-limiting condition in their unborn baby. Parents use the label perinatal hospice as they subvert and transform the narrow legal and strictly medical framework for such institutions. Hospice care became a legitimate sector of care provision only recently. This study analyses four initiatives that strive to establish and formalise perinatal hospices in the Czech Republic, with a focus on the strategies these initiatives engage in to achieve change. A sociological qualitative empirical study (2017-2019) informs the findings. Initiatives vary in approach from cooperation to competition in being recognised as 'the first perinatal hospice'. The study shows how such rhetoric is adopted to attract the funding required for sustainability. Community cooperation and involvement can, then, form a contra position.

Who killed Utopia? Cult conspiracy drama and a television imaginary

This article focuses on the production and reception of television drama, specifically the case study of conspiracy thriller Utopia. The empirical research is based on 21 production interviews with the makers of the drama and 56 interviews with audience members and fans of the drama. The concept of the television imaginary is used as an analytical lens for investigating the various ways television itself, and audiences and fans, are imagined and implicated in the cancellation of a cult drama series. In particular, Barthes’ early writing on a cultural imaginary is used to underscore the contrariness, the contra positions which creative producers, audiences and fans take, in the conspiracies and judgements surrounding the cancellation. Utopia conspiracies within and outside the television industry serve to legitimise and penalise the drama as a cult form; these conspiracies energise the subjective processes that shape an future imaginary for Utopia and drive its afterlife.

Las nuevas fronteras entre documentos escritos y documentos meramente representativos en la era de la documentación informática

A la luz de las nuevas escrituras informáticas de la sociedad de la información y a partir de los dos conceptos diferentes de escritura que se encuentran en la Ley de Interpretación de 1978 del Reino Unido y en el art. 1.11 de los Principios Unidroit, así como de la contraposición del derecho italiano entre «scritture» (escritos) y «riproduzioni meccaniche» (reproducciones mecánicas), el trabajo investiga si la representación o reproducción de palabras en forma visible es necesaria para cumplir con los requisitos del derecho privado europeo en cuanto a la forma y la prueba por escrito, o si es suficiente cualquier forma de comunicación que preserve la documentación de la información contenida y sea reproducible en forma tangible. Argumentando la preferencia por la segunda solución, se establece una distinción entre, por un lado, «documentos declarativos» (es decir, los que constituyen el medio para efectuar declaraciones por escrito) y, por el otro, «documentos meramente representativos» (que en cambio no constituyen el medio para efectuar dichas declaraciones), teniendo en cuenta varias normativas vigentes a distinto nivel en el panorama del derecho europeo (y, en particular, ciertas normas del Codice civile, del BGB y del ABGB, del Código Civil español, del Código Civil griego y de la Law of Property inglés, por un lado, y el art. 1, 4.º apartado, lett. a y c, de la Convención Unidroit sobre el Factoring internacional y ciertos artículos y Considerandos de la Directiva 85/577/CEE, de la Directiva 97/7/CE y de la Directiva 2011/83/UE, por el otro).Recibido: 23 mayo 2019Aceptado: 3 julio 2019Publicación en línea: 30 octubre 2019

『19호실로』와 『자기만의 방』에서 나타난 양성적 대립과 소통의 부재

『19호실로』와 『자기만의 방』에서 나타난 양성적 대립과 소통의 부재

La percepción en Plotino. Contemplación de solas formas

espanolLa naturaleza extraordinariamente compleja de la sensacion en la filosofia de Plotino pone en juego afirmaciones aparentemente paradojicas como la referencia a la inteleccion en tanto que sensacion mas clara. Proponemos trazar un estudio de la sensacion en Plotino partiendo de En. I 1.7.10, atendiendo a los diferentes factores implicados; entre ellos, el caracter impasible de la facultad sensitiva y la problematica que plantea. Su relacion con la inteleccion se presenta como un factor fundamental para la comprension; esta relacion no se mostrara, en ningun caso, como una relacion de simple contraposicion. EnglishThe extraordinary complexity of the nature of sensation in the philosophy of Plotinus includes apparently paradoxical affi rmations, such as the reference to intellection as a clearer sensation. Here we propose to examine sensation in Plotinus based on En. I 1.7.10, considering the various factors involved; these include the impassive nature of the sentient faculty and the problems this presents. The relationship with intellection is presented as a fundamental factor in understanding; however, this relationship is never revealed as one of simple contraposition.

Clinical analysis of 256 cases of facial plastic surgery in maxillofacial trauma

Objective To investigate the experience and effect of emergency cosmetic surgery for maxillofacial trauma. Methods From April 2011 to March 2017, 256 patients with maxillofacial trauma in emergency cosmetic surgery in the People's Hospital of Lezhi County were selected in the study.The causes, locations, treatment methods and clinical effects were analyzed. Results In 256 cases, 125 cases of traffic accident injury, 68 cases of agricultural and industrial injury, 48 cases of accidental injury, 13 cases of asfights, 2 cases of animal bites; of which 121 cases of lower face, 73 cases of midface, 39 cases of midface and lower face together, 23 cases of upper face; 98 cases of maxillofacial region fracture; 105 patients had different degree of soft tissue defect.All patients the wound healed in primary healing, after stitches the wound healing in good contraposition, surface leveling, scar slender, facial features did not change significantly, no complications were observed.After 3-6 months of follow-up, the scar was not obvious and the appearance was satisfactory. Conclusion The clinical effect of emergency cosmetic surgery for maxillofacial trauma is satisfactory.Emergency cosmetic surgery can be used as an emergency treatment for maxillofacial trauma in primary hospital. Key words: Maxillofacial injuries; Emergency treatment; Surgery, plastic

Para além da dicotomia entre trabalho decente e trabalho digno: reconhecimento e direitos humanos

O objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma discussão teórico-conceitual das noções de trabalho decente e trabalho digno, a partir da contraposição conceitual entre cidadania e direitos humanos. O argumento deste artigo é que trabalho decente remeteria à noção de cidadania e a uma concepção operacional, claramente apontada na agenda da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT), enquanto o trabalho digno remete à Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos (DUDH) e é dependente de uma rede de direitos. A fim de transpor essa dicotomia, propomos uma visão integral do ser humano no trabalho, através da noção de reconhecimento e de uma abordagem holística dos direitos humanos que integra a noção de trabalho decente.

Treatment of traumatic corneal flap fold after LASIK

Objective To investigate the treatment of traumatic corneal flap fold after laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK). Methods We opened the corneal flap which had folds by topical anesthesia. Corneal bed and corneal flap bed were rinsed and proliferative epithelial tissue was remored. We expanded and paved the corneal flap folds to make it stick to the corneal bed with dear margins. Ten patients (10 eyes)with traumatic corneal flap fold were analyzed with following-up for 6 months after surgery. Results 1. UNVA In the second day after surgery ,9 patients' uncorrected visual acuites(UNVA) were not less than 0. 6 ;In the 6 months after surgery, 9 patients' UNVA were 0. 6 ～ 1.2(0. 8 ±0. 16) ,1 patient' uncorrected visual acuity was 0. 2 with macular hemorrhage. 2. Slit lamp biomicroscopic examination. There was stromal edema around the corneal flap contusion with good contraposition in 2 cases at 1 day postoperatively. 3 cases had epithelial ingrowth around the margin with slightly swollen epithelia. The corneal flaps could restore right position after the surgical treatment for epithelial ingrowth. The corneal flap folds in all cases become flattened at 6 months postoperatively. Conclusion Traumatic corneal flap fold after LASIK can be eliminated by the timely and proper treatment. There is no serious impact on vision. Key words: LASIK; eye injuries; corneal flap; fold; treatment

Самоуправление как школа демократии

It is necessary to clearly separate the functions of the state from those of the settlement. The definition of “democracy” should not do without the definition of “self-government”. A true self-government is an association of owners of the given territory, within the boundaries of the settlement. These owners are to govern in this territory. The government in the person of federal and regional officials should be a defender of one’s rights, including the rights of property.The whole system of power, both local and state, should be an infrastructure serving for the citizen. But we do not adhere to the position of self-government as the main principle of power, still keeping to autocracy, its main contraposition. The Constitution of the Russian Federation defines the state as a bearer of law and order, giving the municipalities the right and the obligation to represent the citizens’ public interests. So the legislation excludes the direct participation in entrepreneurship for both of them. Violation of this principle inevitably leads to the system corruption. The state official should always remember that he is not appointed to dispose of the property of settlements and individuals as he thinks fit. He should be aware that he is to consider the matters of order. This order, defined by Russian national consciousness as justice, should be supported by the state. And the municipal deputies and officials should remember that they are the executors of the citizens’ will.

Self-Government as a School of Democracy

It is necessary to clearly separate the functions of the state from those of the settlement. The definition of “democracy” should not do without the definition of “self-government”. A true self-government is an association of owners of the given territory, within the boundaries of the settlement. These owners are to govern in this territory. The government in the person of federal and regional officials should be a defender of one’s rights, including the rights of property. The whole system of power, both local and state, should be an infrastructure serving for the citizen. But we do not adhere to the position of self-government as the main principle of power, still keeping to autocracy, its main contraposition. The Constitution of the Russian Federation defines the state as a bearer of law and order, giving the municipalities the right and the obligation to represent the citizens’ public interests. So the legislation excludes the direct participation in entrepreneurship for both of them. Violation of this principle inevitably leads to the system corruption. The state official should always remember that he is not appointed to dispose of the property of settlements and individuals as he thinks fit. He should be aware that he is to consider the matters of order. This order, defined by Russian national consciousness as justice, should be supported by the state. And the municipal deputies and officials should remember that they are the executors of the citizens’ will.

Gubernamentalidad y poder de policía: la articulación de un modelo de policiamiento dual en Buenos Aires, 2004-2007

Este trabalho analisa a emergencia e o funcionamento da Guarda Urbana (GU) da cidade de Buenos Aires, (2004 e 2007), como policia comunitaria resultante do reordenamento da autonomia do governo local. Este processo gerou um modelo dual de policiamento na cidade, representado, pela (GU) em contraposicao as forcas de seguranca do nacionais, mais verticalizadas e centralistas. O artigo investiga as implicacoes da GU na disputa pelo poder da policia na cidade e uma forma historica particular de construcao da seguranca: a seguranca cidada. Esta dualidade representa uma solucao de compromisso possivel entre os interesses nacionais e os da cidade. O artigo conclui com reflexoes sobre a crise desse modelo dual, a redefinicao do problema da seguranca e as demandas de uma “Policia propria”, no âmbito local. Destaca que e na dualidade da seguranca que se concebe uma Guarda Urbana, como policiamento de proximidade, que complementa, mas nao substitui a antiga policia. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: governamentabilidade, poder de policia, seguridad ciudadana, poder local, Buenos Aires. GOVERNMENTALITY AND POLICE AUTHORITY: the articulation of a dual model of policing in Buenos Aires, 2004-2007 Alina Lis Rios This study analyzes the emergence and operation of the Urban Guard (in portugueses, GU) of Buenos Aires, (2004 and 2007), as a police communitary resulting of the reorganization of local government autonomy. This process resulted in a dual model of policing in the city, represented by GU in contraposition to the national security forces, more centralist and verticalized. This paper investigates the implications of GU in the dispute for police authority in the city and a particular historical way of security building: citizen safety. This duality represents a possible compromise between national interests and those of the city. The paper concludes with reflections on the crisis of this dual model, the redefinition of the security problem and the demands of a local “own police”. It indicates that it is in the duality of security that an Urban Guard is understood, as a proximity policing that complements but does not replace the old police. KEYWORDS: governmentality, police authority, public safety, local government, Buenos Aires. GOUVERNABILITE ET POUVOIR DE LA POLICE: l’articulation d’un modele de surveillance policiere duelle a Buenos Aires, 2004-2007 Alina Lis Rios Cet article analyse le surgissement et le fonctionnement de la Garde Urbaine (GU) de Buenos Aires (2004 et 2007), en tant que police communautaire, fruit de la reorganisation de l’autonomie du gouvernement local. Ce processus a abouti a un modele duel des services de police dans la ville, represente par la GU, par opposition aux forces de securite nationale, plus verticales et centralisatrices. L’article presente une recherche concernant les implications de la GU dans la dispute du pouvoir de la police de la ville et une maniere historique particuliere d’etablir la securite: la securite citoyenne. Cette dualite est la solution pour un compromis possible entre les interets nationaux et ceux de la ville. L’article termine par des reflexions sur la crise de ce modele duel, la redefinition du probleme de securite et les besoins d’une “Police specifique” sur le plan local. Il montre que c’est dans la dualite de la securite que l’on concoit une Garde Urbaine, en tant que police de proximite, qui complete mais ne remplace pas l’ancienne police. MOTS-CLES: Gouvernabilite, pouvoir de police, securite publique, pouvoir local, Buenos Aires. Publicacao Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicacao Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh

Use of Supermarket Scanner Data to Measure Bread Consumption and Nutrition Choice in Scotland

The recent rise in food prices has increased the concern about the choice of a healthy food basket, especially in the context of the discussion around the formulation of a National Food Policy for Scotland. This concern has brought back the interest in the price and expenditure demand systems as they provide information about consumers’ food decisions. The paper focuses on the consumption of brown and white bread, as they are the most typical ways of cereals use in the UK and nutritionists recommend the consumption of wholemeal or brown bread in contraposition to white bread as part of an appropriate diet due to its health benefits. This paper aims to answer whether changes in bread prices affect the quantity and composition of the Scottish demand for bread, and whether the latter has been the same for different regions and socioeconomic groups. We used supermarket scanner data to estimate three demand systems and compute their elasticities. All the models showed statistically significant own price and expenditure elasticities. After simulating an increase in all the bread prices we found that brown bread consumption decreases more than white bread just the opposite to what is recommended by the nutritionists.

DIOGENES EL CINICO EN LA REPUBLICA LITERARIA

This essay wishes to study the break of 16th-century Humanism as it occurs in Saavedra’s work and its consequence –the evaluation of experience, of what is immediate, historical, and personal. In this context, the appropriation of cynical experience attains a new meaning beyond neo-stoic models and, of course, in contraposition to the control of Spanish neo-scholastics.

Fault Lines in the Great EST Debate

Three fault lines traverse inquiries into empirically supported therapies, along which pro and contra positions can be taken. First, failure to distinguish scientific from artistic properties of therapy has lead to neglect of pervasive personological and cultural variables that are implicated in this field of inquiry. Second, scientific anomalies result from focusing more on what ESTs are than on how they effect change. Psyche is portrayed as a humanistic Cartesian place-holder for an encroaching neuro-endocrinological and systemic understanding of human experiencing. Third, the EST movement is seen as a socio-political and business model, confounded with and eroding scientific objectives.

Contraposition and Lewis Carroll's Barber Shop Paradox

RésuméCet article démontre qu'un exemple cité par Ernest Adams pour montrer que l'implication matérielle n'est pas l'interprétation correcte de la sémantique de la conjonction de subordination si, n'est rien d'autre qu'un corollaire d'une observation d'jà faite par Lewis Carroll, il y a cent ans, dans l'exposition de son paradoxe du salon de coiffure.

Counterfactuals and substitution of equivalent antecedents

Such counterexamples seem to show that Hypothetical Syllogism (HS) is invalid. Fifteen years ago our first reaction might have been to dig in our heels and seek to explain away the counterexample. Indeed, perhaps some suspicion is warranted in view of the fact that the plausibility of the counterexample diminishes somewhat if we simply reverse the order of the premises. But Robert Stalnaker and David Lewis have shown us that we do not need to explain away such arguments.1 It is possible to give a formal characterization of English counterfactuals according to which HS and other classical inferences such as Contraposition (CT) are not counted valid.2 Hence, we can deal with the counterexample by adopting a formal theory of conditionals that is just slightly weaker than what traditional sentential logic has led us to expect. But there is a residual problem. Donald Nute argued in [13] that the Stalnaker-Lewis characterization of the conditional is still too strong, for there are counterexamples of Substitution of Equivalent Antecedents (SEA) which they assume to be valid. Though Nute has recently modified his position in [16], the general problem of explaining away counterexamples to inferences we think are valid remains with us. Any formal analysis of conditionals (short of one that is extraordinarily weak) must at some point deal with this problem. The aim of this paper is to consider both the specific problem posed by counterexamples to SEA and the more general problem of what criteria should be satisfied by good explanations for counterexamples. It quickly becomes apparent that ad hoc explanations will not do. Good explanations must be developed in formal terms and should be theoretically motivated. We will see that the inferences that bothered Nute can indeed be explained

‘Rye Whiskey’ in Contrapositive

(1969). ‘Rye Whiskey’ in Contrapositive. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 76, No. 9, pp. 1051-1051.