Contraception In Women Research Articles

Factors Associated with Women’s Contraceptive Use and Access to Contraceptive Methods During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: Due to the pandemic, the use of contraceptive methods in women was restricted, and many of them even faced problems such as abortion and unplanned pregnancy because they could not access the contraceptive methods. Objective: This study aimed to determine women’s use of modern contraceptive methods during the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the predictors of access to modern contraceptives. Method: Women (n=502) aged 18-49, fertile and using any contraceptive methods were included in the study. Data were collected via an online survey. The use and access to contraceptives during the pandemic were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Multiple regression analysis, odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to investigate contraception access difficulties and change predictors. Results: The results of this study indicate that 64.9% of the participants were utilizing modern contraceptive methods, while 23.5% were concerned about obtaining contraceptives during the pandemic. Furthermore, 6% of the women experienced difficulty accessing contraceptives during this period, and 6.2% altered their contraceptive methods. The primary predictor of women’s difficulty in accessing contraceptives during the pandemic was the absence of access to the method prior to the pandemic in a similar manner (OR:40.0 95%CI=12.3-129.9; p=.001). Additionally, It was also found that women who changed their methods during the pandemic had 4.47 times more difficulty in accessing the new method. Conclusion: Having experienced an unintended pregnancy before the pandemic and fear of 48 becoming pregnant during the pandemic were found to be important determinants of the contraceptive change. This study shows evidence that the pandemic has affected contraceptive access. In this regard, planning initiatives to increase access to contraception services is recommended.

Pregnancy and reproductive health in women with multiple sclerosis: an update.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated, inflammatory, neuro-degenerative disease of the central nervous system, prevalent in women of reproductive age. Today, many women want to start a family after MS diagnosis. There are over 20 treatments for MS, and safely navigating family planning is important. We review updated information on family planning, preconception, and peri-partum considerations, and reproductive concerns in special populations with MS. There are no MS-related restrictions on any available and appropriate contraceptive method in women with MS. The question of MS and pregnancy outcomes following assisted reproduction, remains somewhat unsettled. In many studies, no elevated relapse risk is confirmed regardless of the type of fertility treatment. MRI status may offer better assessment of postpartum disease stability than relapse rate alone. Ongoing effective MS treatments during fertility assistance and before pregnancy, can further reduce the relapse risk. B-cell depleting therapies are emerging as safe and effective treatments for peripartum MS patients. Patients with MS should receive accurate support and counseling related to their reproductive options. The general outlook on pregnancy and MS remains positive. The ever-increasing therapeutic complexity of MS calls for ongoing education and updated guidance for neuroimmunology and obstetrics healthcare providers.

Oral contraceptive use in women with spina bifida in Sweden

BackgroundThanks to improved medical care, individuals with spina bifida (SB) live well into adulthood and go through the process of reproductive maturation and the development of sexual desires. However, access to reproductive counselling and contraceptive use has been reported to be lower for women with physical and intellectual disabilities compared to the general population. ObjectiveWe investigated oral contraceptive use in women with SB, residing in Sweden and how use varies based on the level of lesion and demographic factors. MethodsThis was a population-based case-control study using annual data from national registers from 2006 to 2015. The sample consisted of 7045 women aged 15–49 years, of which 1173 had a diagnosis of SB. χ2 tests and logistic regression were used to investigate the study objective. ResultsThe rate of oral contraceptive use in women with SB was 24.6 % compared to 34.5 % among the general population. After adjusting for potential confounders women with SB were found to have a lower probability of using oral contraceptives (OR 0.63 95 % CI 0.56–0.71) compared to women without SB. Among women with SB, those with diagnoses Q05.8 (Sacral SB without hydrocephalus) and Q05.9 (SB unspecified) had a higher likelihood of using oral contraceptives compared to other Q05 diagnoses. ConclusionWomen with SB had a lower likelihood of being on oral contraceptives compared to the control group. Further research should investigate if the lower use indicates that oral contraceptives are not an inappropriate method of contraception for women with SB.

НЕЖЕЛАННАЯ БЕРЕМЕННОСТЬ: АНАЛИЗ ПРИЧИН И ФАКТОРОВ АРТИФИЦИАЛЬНЫХ АБОРТОВ

The article examines the problem of abortion and its consequences for the demographic component of the country. Based on the research conducted in a questionnaire format, the results of an analysis of the reasons and factors that influenced women’s decision to terminate their pregnancy are presented. The results of the research have shown that the leading cause of abortion is unplanned pregnancy which arose against the background of difficult social conditions and financial difficulties. In 70% of cases, women who chose abortion had not been informed about modern methods of contraception as well as about its consequences and complications. 80% of respondents have noted that they did not have the opportunity to share their fears and experiences with qualified specialists having found themselves in a difficult life situation at the time of making a decision. In a number of cases, a previously performed abortion was complicated by the development of acute metroendometrium and salpingoophoritis in 26.7%, cervicitis in 6.8% of cases, and 3.4% of respondents were operated on due to tubal pregnancy. Thus, the results of the research have shown that it is important to solve this problem by creating an accessible information environment telling about the dangers of abortion and alternative methods of contraception for women of different age groups. Organization and implementation of offices to provide timely psychological assistance to women who find themselves in difficult life situations at the decision-making stage as well as social and financial support from government bodies for women who decide to end their pregnancy with childbirth

Preferências contraceptivas entre mulheres com doença falciforme durante um acompanhamento de 12 meses: um estudo longitudinal

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the choice and continuation rate of contraceptive methods in women with sickle cell disease (SCD). Methods: an exploratory prospective study was conducted at a hospital enrolling 44 women with SCD aged 15-40 years old. After contraceptive counseling, the women selected one of the available contraceptive methods and separated into two groups, and were followed up at one, three, six, and 12 months. To analyze the continuation rate of contraceptive use, the two groups were: group (G1) using progestin-only contraceptives, through any route of administration and group (G2) using other contraceptive methods (combined hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptives). The continuation rate was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, considering a p<0.05. Results: after contraceptive counseling, most women opted for any progestin-only methods: injectable contraceptives (n=18; 40.9%), oral contraceptives (n=7; 15.9%), or intrauterine devices (n=3; 6.8%). The continuation rate decreased in both groups during the 12-months follow-up period. In the G1, the continuation rate was 60.7% (CI95%=40.4-76.0), while that in the G2 was 68.7% (CI95%= 40.5-85.6) with no significant difference between the groups (p=0.641). Conclusions: the overall continuation rates in both groups were satisfactory. No significant difference in the continuation rate of contraceptive methods was observed between the groups, although most women preferred progestin-only methods.

High Reproductive Risk and Contraception

Background: Patients with high reproductive risk have important risk factors for the development of complications, including maternal death. Rejection of a method is influenced by various factors, including: biological, cultural and social factors. Objective: Identify the main sociocultural and demographic factors associated with not choosing a contraceptive method in women at high reproductive risk. Material and Methods: it is an observational, cross-sectional, analytical and prospective study with non-probabilistic sampling carried out in pregnant women with high reproductive risk who were offered contraception through a questionnaire. Results: 75 patients with high reproductive risk (20%) were included, with an average age of 27 years, occupation as a housewife (48%), living in an urban area (66.7%), complete primary schooling (22.67%), Catholic religion (72%), married (57.3%), middle class (72%); alcoholism in 2 patients (2.67%) and 2 other drugs (2.67%); 68% rejected contraception; for personal reasons (76.4%). A significant relationship was found with the Jehovah’s Witness religion (p = 0.018). Conclusions: rejection of contraception is influenced by personal history and religion, with implications for reproductive health

High Reproductive Risk and Contraception

Background: Patients with high reproductive risk have important risk factors for the development of complications, including maternal death. Rejection of a method is influenced by various factors, including: biological, cultural and social factors. Objective: Identify the main sociocultural and demographic factors associated with not choosing a contraceptive method in women at high reproductive risk. Material and methods: it is an observational, cross-sectional, analytical and prospective study with non-probabilistic sampling carried out in pregnant women with high reproductive risk who were offered contraception through a questionnaire. Results: 75 Patients with high reproductive risk (20%) were included, with an average age of 27 years, occupation as a housewife (48%), living in an urban area (66.7%), complete primary schooling (22.67%), Catholic religion (72%), married (57.3%), middle class (72%); alcoholism in 2 patients (2.67%) and 2 other drugs (2.67%); 68% rejected contraception; for personal reasons (76.4%). A significant relationship was found with the Jehovah's Witness religion (p = 0.018). Conclusions: Rejection of Contraception is Influenced by Personal History and Religion, with Implications for Reproductive Health

The Enhancing Women's Contraceptive Decision-Making: A Qualitative Study of IUD Adoption Among Women of Childbearing Age

Family Planning (KB) initiatives seek to manage population growth by curbing childbirths among women aged 15-49. This qualitative research investigates the decision-making process of women of childbearing age (WUS) when choosing intrauterine device (IUD) contraception in Batuoge Village, Pedongga District, Pasangkayu Regency. Employing observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, the study reveals that WUS possess limited knowledge of IUD contraception, primarily at the basic level. Furthermore, their attitude toward IUD contraception tends to be less favorable. In terms of action, WUS generally engage in consultations with their partners. This research highlights the need for improved knowledge and attitudes regarding family planning (KB) with intrauterine device (IUD) contraception among women of childbearing age in Batuoge Village. It emphasizes their inclination toward consultation with their partners.

Socioeconomic Inequalities and Factors Associated with the Use of Modern Contraceptive Methods in Women of Childbearing Age in Ecuador, 2018.

The objective of this study was to determine the socioeconomic inequalities and factors associated with the use of modern contraceptive methods (MCM) in the population of sexually active women of childbearing age in Ecuador. This was an analytical observational study, based on a secondary data analysis of the 2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT). Information on 19,106 sexually active, married, or cohabiting women between the ages of 15 and 49 were included. Concentration curves (CC) and Erreygers concentration indices (ECI) were calculated, taking into account the use of MCM as the dependent variable and the wealth index as the independent variable. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using generalized linear models of the Poisson family. We found that 92.8% of the women surveyed used some type of MCM in the last month. A higher educational level presented a significant pro-rich concentration in the use of MCM (EIC: 0.05; p = 0.004). On the other hand, women belonging to the age group of 20 to 29 years (ECI: -0.027; p = 0.027), women with no job (ECI: -0.025; p = 0.004), and non-indigenous women (EIC: -0.031; p < 0.001), presented a pro-poor concentration. Factors significantly associated with MCM use were age, marital status, occupation, parity, ethnicity, area of residence, and living on the coast. In Ecuador, there are socioeconomic inequalities at different levels of population subgroups in women of childbearing age. Measures to promote the use of MCM are required, focusing on groups that present inequality, taking into account the factors associated with their use.

Effects of the Pregnancy and Newborn Diagnostic Assessment (PANDA) App on Antenatal Care Quality in Burkina Faso: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

The Pregnancy and Newborn Diagnostic Assessment (PANDA) system is a digital clinical decision support tool that can facilitate diagnosis and decision-making by health care personnel in antenatal care (ANC). Studies conducted in Madagascar and Burkina Faso showed that PANDA is a feasible system acceptable to various stakeholders. This study primarily aims to evaluate the effects of the PANDA system on ANC quality at rural health facilities in Burkina Faso. The secondary objectives of this study are to test the effects of the PANDA system on women's satisfaction, women's knowledge on birth preparedness and complication readiness, maternal and child health service use, men's involvement in maternal health service utilization, and women's contraception use at 6 weeks postpartum. Further, we will identify the factors that hinder or promote such an app and contribute to cost-effectiveness analysis. This is a randomized controlled trial implementing the PANDA system in 2 groups of health facilities (intervention and comparison groups) randomized using a matched-pair method. We included pregnant women who were <20 weeks pregnant during their first antenatal consultation in health facilities, and we followed up with them until their sixth week postpartum. Thirteen health centers were included, and 423 and 272 women were enrolled in the intervention and comparison groups, respectively. The primary outcome is a binary variable derived from the quality score, coded 1 (yes) for women with at least 75% of the total score and 0 if not. Data were collected electronically using tablets by directly interviewing the women and by extracting data from ANC registers, delivery registers, ANC cards, and health care records. The study procedures were standardized across all sites. We will compare unadjusted and adjusted primary outcome results (ANC quality scores) between the 2 study arms. We added a qualitative evaluation of the implementation of the PANDA system to identify barriers and catalysts. We also included an economic evaluation to determine whether the PANDA strategy is more cost-effective than the usual ANC strategy. The enrollment ran from July 2020 to January 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection ended in September 2022. Data analyses started in January 2023, ended in June 2023, and the results are expected to be published in February 2024. The PANDA system is one of the most comprehensive apps for ANC because it has many features. However, the use of computerized systems for ANC is limited. Therefore, our trial will be beneficial for evaluating the intrinsic capacity of the PANDA system to improve the quality of care. By including qualitative research and economic evaluation, our findings will be significant because electronic consultation registries are expected to be used for maternal health care in the future in Burkina Faso. Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR) PACTR202009861550402; https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=12374. DERR1-10.2196/37136.

DETERMINANTS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE IN NTB PROVINCE BASED ON THE 2019 SKAP DATA ANALYSIS

Prevention of pregnancy by various contraceptive methods remains an important part of medical practice and can occur during any reproductive cycle. The more types of contraceptive methods available, the more choices of contraceptive methods available for people. Many determinant factors cause women of childbearing age to choose contraceptives that suit their needs. This study aims to determine the determinants affecting women of childbearing age using contraceptives in West Nusa Tenggara Province. The design of this study is an analytical study (descriptive analysis) with a cross-sectional approach using secondary data from the 2019 SKAP Family Planning and Family Development Population Accountability Performance Survey (KKBPK) in the Province of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). Data were analyzed using bivariate analysis using Chi-Square and multivariate with logistic regression. The results showed that the determinants that affect women of childbearing age in using contraceptive methods include: unmet need, age, parity, previous family planning experience, decision-making, knowledge, and visits to health facilities. The results of multivariate analysis of the most dominant decision-making factors influencing the use of contraceptive methods in women of childbearing age with an OR value of 174,666. It can be interpreted that the decision-making ability of women of childbearing age is 174,666 times more influencing the use of contraceptive methods compared to other variables. This study recommends empowering women of childbearing age through increasing knowledge by maximizing the individual counseling process so that women of childbearing age can choose contraceptive methods according to their needs.

The Use of Non-Hormonal Contraception in Women of Fertile Age

Long-term use of hormonal contraception has various effects on acceptors. These side effects can be minimized by using non-hormonal contraceptives (condoms, IUDs, MOW) where their use is still very low. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the use of non-hormonal contraceptives in WUS. The research design is quantitative with a cross sectional approach. The sample of this study was 194 women of childbearing age who were taken by random technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The statistical test used was univariate with percentage, bivariate with chi square and multivariate with logistic regression. The results of the bivariate analysis of several variables showed that there was a relationship between age (p = 0.049), service availability (p = 0.000) with the use of non-hormonal contraceptives. While the variables of knowledge, husband's support, parity, family income, information on health workers and access proved to have no relationship with the use of contraceptives.

Cancellation of Postpartum Tubal Ligations During COVID-19 and Alternative Contraceptive Methods in Women With Public Insurance: A 2-Year Update [ID: 1373829

INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, postpartum bilateral tubal ligations (ppBTLs) were deemed “elective” and cancelled from March through June 2020. For patients with public insurance, the postpartum represents a brief interval in which contraception is covered and access to surgery is readily available. METHODS: We reviewed publicly insured patients who consented for ppBTLs after vaginal deliveries at our institution from March to June 2020 in whom procedures were cancelled. We analyzed alternative contraception chosen at discharge and up to 6 months postpartum. Two years later, we reviewed the same patients to evaluate contraceptive practice and pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS: After 275 vaginal deliveries, 25 ppBTLs were cancelled. Subsequently, 12 (48%) women were discharged without contraception. Seven (28%) and 14 (56%) women were not using contraception 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum, respectively. Two years later, six (24%) women returned pregnant; three without contraception, one using oral contraceptive pills, one using condoms, and one with a perforated intrauterine device (IUD). Two are currently pregnant and one underwent abortion with IUD placement. Three experienced uncomplicated vaginal deliveries, after which two received ppBTLs and one did not return for follow-up. CONCLUSION: As a result of pandemic policy, many women were unable to access ppBTLs and failed alternative means of contraception. As a result, nearly one-quarter of these patients became pregnant. Obstetrician–gynecologists should ensure that contraception counseling and pregnancy intention are addressed at each prenatal appointment. Physicians must also lobby for an expansion of postpartum insurance coverage and better advocate for services that provide women reproductive autonomy.

El conocimiento sobre la no adherencia de métodos anticonceptivos ¿Podría disminuir la mortalidad?

ntroduction: In Peru, 78.1% of women between the ages of 15 and 49 use a contraceptive method, which is diminished by various factors associated with non-adherence to the contraceptive method, thus producing unwanted pregnancies and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Objective: To determine the factors associated with non-adherence to contraceptive methods in women of childbearing age in Peru according to ENDES 2021. Methods: Observational, analytical and cross-sectional study. The information used is found in the ENDES 2021 public database. The population of this research is made up of Peruvian women between the ages of 15 and 49. Statistical analysis was performed with the statistical program SPSS version 26.0. The qualitative variables were represented in a univariate table with frequencies and coefficients of variation. The approved statistical significance value was p &lt;0.05 with 95% confidence intervals. Results: 43.7% of women did not adhere to the contraceptive method. There was a significant association for the variables: area of rural residence (Rpa 1.05 IC 1 – 1.1), separated marital status (Rpa 1.1, IC 1 – 1.1), widow marital status (Rpa 1.3, IC 1.1 – 1.5), cohabiting marital status ( Rpa 1.1, IC 1.1 – 1.2) , poor wealth index (Rpa 1.03, IC 0.9 – 1.0) Conclusions: The factors associated with non-adherence to contraceptive methods in women of childbearing age in Peru, which are significantly associated are: Rural area of residence, separate marital status, widow and cohabitant and have a poor wealth index.

A socioecological perspective to contraceptive access for women experiencing homelessness in the United States

ObjectiveAlthough persons who are pregnancy-capable and experiencing homelessness may have a strong desire to avoid pregnancy, they face unique barriers to contraception. This multimethod qualitative study aimed to identify preferences for, barriers to, and facilitators of contraceptive access and use among women experiencing homelessness in the United States using a systems perspective. Study designWe conducted semistructured interviews with women experiencing homelessness (n = 19), healthcare providers (n = 6), and social service providers (n = 6). We recruited participants from community-based, housing, and medical organizations in North Texas in the United States. Two coders conducted thematic analysis and reached consensus for codes. ResultsWomen participants were in emergency shelter, unsheltered, or transitional/rapid rehousing. We stratified themes using the Socioecological Framework to illustrate factors affecting contraception access at individual, interpersonal, organizational and community, and societal levels. Notable results include women’s preferences for long-acting reversible contraception, difficulties healthcare providers face in initiating contraceptive counseling, and the underutilized role of social service providers in reproductive healthcare. Insurance policies, connections between health clinics and community organizations, and organizational priorities both facilitated and hindered women experiencing homelessness’s access to women’s healthcare services. ConclusionThis study identified opportunities throughout the healthcare and social service systems to support contraceptive access for women experiencing homelessness. Future interventions should strengthen and leverage these connections to promote access among this vulnerable population with the goal of supporting reproductive autonomy. ImplicationsThis study explored the reproductive health needs of women experiencing homelessness. Multilevel interventions, such as interdisciplinary care, patient-centered approaches, and an emphasis on health literacy, are needed to adequately provide the preferred methods of contraception for women experiencing homelessness, thus enabling reproductive autonomy for this population.

Contraception in Women at Risk

Contraception in Women at Risk Abstract. Healthy non-obese non-smokers without personal contraindications may use all hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive methods up to the normal menopausal age. However, underlying diseases or an unfavourable lifestyle may change this liberty of choice. Vascular risks are potentiated by age, obesity, smoking, arterial hypertension, and diabetes. The presence of any arterial disease is an absolute contraindication against combined oral contraceptive (CHC). In regard of internal diseases, CHC possess the highest risk for serious complications among the methods known to be safe, whereas the lowest risk is seen in users of Cu-IUDs. The hormonal alternatives to CHC are gestagen-only preparations including levonorgestrel-releasing IUS. If no further pregnancies are intended, sterilisation of one of the partners is also a valid alternative. Because of their lack of reliability, barrier methods and natural family planning should be strongly discouraged in women with an underlying disease. Any unplanned pregnancy may present a high risk for mother and child. In presence of an underlying disease, it is strongly recommended to consult the treating specialist before a hormonal method is chosen. Independently of the method used, all women at risk for sexually transmitted diseases should also use a barrier method.

Contraception in Women with Sexually Transmitted Infections

Contraception in Women with Sexually Transmitted Infections Abstract. The use of contraception in sexually active women has two main functions; the prevention of unwanted pregnancy and the protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In both cases, contraception does not guarantee complete protection. Unfortunately, the most effective contraceptive method against pregnancy offers minimal protection against STIs and the best contraceptive method against STIs, namely the condom, is not popular amongst many and when typically used does not offer the most effective prevention against pregnancy. In addition, there are a number of factors to consider when choosing a contraceptive method for women who already have a STI. For example, which contraceptive methods may be used safely and if there are any interactions to be aware of between medication and the contraceptive in question. Thus, the choice of the most suitable contraceptive method depends heavily on the individual and needs to be carefully considered. It is the balance between prevention of pregnancy, the protection against STIs as well as minimising the risk of STI transmission to an uninfected partner. These considerations must be discussed with the woman and if required and appropriate for the woman, with her partner as well.

Contraceptive method use trajectories among young women in Kenya: A qualitative study.

BackgroundMany young women experience important key life transitions during adolescence and early adulthood, such as initiation of sexual activity, first use of contraceptives, marriage, and childbirth. For young women to be able to plan and manage their lives, it is critical to understand how these life events intersect and shape their contraceptive decision-making. This study aims to explore young women's contraceptive method use trajectories, including the factors that influence contraceptive decision-making throughout adolescence and youth.MethodologyIn 2019, the Full Access, Full Choice project (FAFC), implemented by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the African Institute for Development Policy, conducted 30 in-depth interviews with young women aged 18–24 years in three counties in Kenya (Nairobi, Mombasa and Migori). Eligible respondents had used two or more modern contraceptive methods. Interview guides utilized a modified life history approach to capture details about respondents' contraceptive use and life experiences from the time they first used contraception until the time of interview.ResultsWe identified five separate contraceptive use trajectories based on the occurrence and timing of marriage, childbirth, and contraceptive method choice as well as various influences on contraceptive decision-making. The majority of respondents began their contraceptive journey by using male condoms or emergency contraception, but subsequent contraceptive decisions were varied across trajectories and influenced by different factors. For many women, the initiation of a non-coitally dependent method occurred after the birth of a child; for some, this was the first method used. Once women transitioned to using a non-coitally dependent method such as injectables or implants, many cycled through different methods to find one that had fewer side effects or provided the desired duration of protection.DiscussionThis study highlights the nuanced needs of young women throughout their adolescent and youth years in Kenya. This suggests that programs and policies need to encompass young women's diversity of experiences and motivations to best serve them.

Characteristics and Correlation Between Progesterone Receptors and The Use of Hormonal Contraceptive in Women with Meningioma in dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital

Meningiomas are the most common primary, intracranial and extra axial tumours, estimated for 30% of all intracranial tumors. The use of hormonal contraceptive is one of the risk factors for meningioma, but the studies still have controversial results. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics and to correlate between progesterone receptor and the use of hormonal contraceptive in women diagnosed with brain tumor meningioma. This is a cross-sectional study which collect data in dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital in the year 2017-2018. Patient data collection was obtained through the patient’s medical records, whereas the subjects are women with brain tumors meningioma who have undergone surgery. We found 72 women diagnosed with meningioma; however, only 54 subjects were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry staining were performed to all the 54 subjects and revealed that 53 subjects (98.15%) had positive progesterone receptors and only 1 subject was negative (1.85%). Of the 53 subjects with positive progesterone receptors, 48 subjects used hormonal contraceptive (90.57%), with 43 (89.58%) of them used 3 month injectable contraceptive. There is no correlation between progesterone receptors and the use of hormonal contraceptives in female patients with meningioma brain tumor (p value &gt;0.999, Fisher Test). Keywords: meningioma, hormonal contraception, progesterone receptor. Karakteristik dan Korelasi antara Progesteron Reseptor dan Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Hormonal pada Perempuan dengan Meningioma di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Abstrak Meningioma adalah tumor intrakranial ekstraaksial primer terbanyak dengan perkiraan 30% dari seluruh tumor intrakranial. Penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal diduga menjadi salah satu faktor risiko meningioma, namun hasil penelitian masih kontroversial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik dan korelasi antara progesteron reseptor dan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal pada perempuan dengan meningioma. Studi potong lintang ini menggunakan data rekam medis RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo pada tahun 2017-2018. Data pasien dikumpuikan melalui rekam medis dimana subyek adalah pasien meningioma intrakranial yang dilakukan operasi. Terdapat 72 perempuan yang didiagnosis meningioma, namun data yang dapat dianalisis adalah 54 subyek. Hasil pewarnaan imunohistokimia didapatkan 53 subyek (98,15%) memiliki reseptor progesteron positif. Dari kelompok reseptor progesteron yang positif, 48 subyek (90,57%) menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal dengan mayoritas (89,58%) menggunakan kontrasepsi injeksi 3 bulan. Tidak didapatkan korelasi antara reseptor progesteron dengan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal pada perempuan dengan meningioma (nilai p &gt;0,999, Uji Fisher). Kata kunci: meningioma, kontrasepsi hormonal, reseptor progesteron

Сlinical features of disorders of reproductive health and sexual behavior in women with HIV

Objective. The research of clinical features, reproductive health and sexual disorders with women of childbearing age, involved in HIV epidemic.Materials and methods. Cross-sectional, cohort, clinical sociological research of gynecological pathology and comorbid conditions among 85 women with HIV infection. The results of sociological research by anonymous survey among 50 women and 35 men of reproductive age with HIV infection are presented. The research was held using a questionnaire, based on WHO thematic map-questionnaire (WHO project №88093).Results and discussion. The main group with HIV infection and reproductive disorders contains 27 women (median age 30,8±2,9). The comparison group consisted of 23 women with HIV infection without reproductive disorders (median age 31,4±7,1). The frequency of medical abortion appeared twice as often in the group of HIV-infected women with reproductive disorders. Statistically significant differences in occurrence of chronically related diseases: ENT organs, gastritis/duodenitis, pancreatitis, cystitis, pyelonerphritis, viral hepatitis (В, С), Papilloma Viral Infection in the compared groups has not been identified. The women with HIV infection and reproductive disorders experienced inflammatory disease of pelvic organs, provoked by chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, syphilis twice as often. Statistically significant differences in occurrence of hysteromyoma, chronic cervicitis, chronic endometritis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia haven’t been detected. Menstrual function analysis among the women with HIV infection and reproductive disorders identified a considerable predominance of secondary amenorrhea, opsomenorrhea, secondary oligomenorrhea and dysmenorrhea. The women with HIV infection and reproductive disorders experienced hyperprolactinemia syndrome 3 times as often. The men were married more often than the women, had regular sexual intercourse, were not interested in their partners’ pregnancy. The most common method of contraception for women as well as for men was contraception sheath and rejected sexual intercourse. However, 20% and 26% men and women with HIV infection, who had sexual intercourse, didn’t use any methods of contraception. The main reason for both men and women to refuse pregnancy planning was unsatisfactory financial situation and having current HIV infection.Conclusion. Early diagnosis of menstrual disorders, prevention of abortion and sexually transmitted diseases, and also early infertility treatment are necessary for women with HIV infection. Apart from medical care, medical workers should take into account social and psychological needs to help patients with HIV improve their quality of living, including sexual and reproductive health.