Continuous Supervision Research Articles

Principal Strategies In Improving Students’ Learning Achievement At Smpn 5 Padang Panjang

Students’ learning achievement is the result of school achievement which depends on the principal strategies in leading and creating a design school culture or in other words designing school colour. Therefore, the study was conducted to reveal the principal’s strategies and school culture to improve students’ achievement at SMP N 5 Padang Panjang in several ways including optimally involving all school members and parents, developing profesional and teacher self-dvelopment, exploring students talents/ interests both academically and non-academicly, take an exemplary approach (touch the heart), carry out continuous supervision, make a strategy for achievements every year and giving awards and full support to students. School culture is a unity and mutual agreement made and implemented by all school members starting from principal, teachers, non-educational staff, students and even security guards. These all are manifested in attitudes, actions taken together so it becomes habitsfor all school members to create a safe, comfortable and pleasant school environment in realizing good quality education in accordance with the school’s vision and mision.

Impact of the person-centred intervention guided self-determination across healthcare settings-An integrated review.

To review the evidence of the existing literature on the impact of guided self-determination across methodologies in different healthcare settings. An integrated five-stage review. Forty-five eligible papers were included. Guided self-determination was applied in full- or small-scale, or combined with another intervention or approach in different healthcare settings handling, for example diabetes, stroke survivorship, schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and medical disorder, gynaecological and breast cancer, endometriosis, persons with chronic pain, persons in haemodialysis and intensive care survivors. The included studies covered 12 randomised trials, 26 qualitative and seven papers of different methodology. A statistically significant effect was found in three trials. Six main themes describe the qualitative findings across papers on patients: (1) Guided self-determination reduces disease-related loneliness, (2) Insight enables integration of life and disease, (3) Reflection sheets-appreciated but challenging tool to prompt insights and person-specific knowledge, (4) New person-specific knowledge enables person-centred support, (5) Feeling seen and believed in a new and trusted relationship and (6) Exchange of knowledge enables the development of life skills. Four themes describe the healthcare professionals' experience: (1) Change of usual practice-a decision from above, (2) A new role-unlearning previous behaviour and need for support, (3) Reflection sheets as facilitators and barriers and (4) Discovering the benefits of changing to a person-centred approach. Overall, guided self-determination proved to have a great impact on patient important outcomes and was useful and well-accepted by the majority of patients and healthcare professionals. Albeit guided self-determination is not a 'one size fits all' method. Continuous training and supervision of professionals are a necessary mean when implementing guided self-determination to enhance adoption and sustainability in clinical practice.

Pre-analytical errors in the phlebotomy process in a national hospital in Lima

Errors in the clinical laboratory are very frequent, most of which are mostly during the pre-analytical phase. That is why this research work proposes the identification of pre-analytical errors in the external office area of the Dos de Mayo National Hospital. To do this, a form was applied, filled out by the researcher at the time of supervision of the sampling. The instrument was validated by the joint recommendations of the EFLM-COLABIOCLI (European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine) and the Latin American Working Group of the Pre-Analytical Phase (WG-PRE-LATAM) of the Latin American Confederation of Clinical Biochemistry. It was obtained as a result, among the most outstanding, that more than 90% of the patient was not recommended to rest for 5 minutes at the end of the phlebotomy, 80% did not register the identity of the phlebotomist in the request for examinations, in 40% there was a poor homogenization of the tubes, about 12% did not instruct the patient to apply pressure at the extraction site and 10% the barcode was not labeled in the presence of the tubes of the patient. It is concluded that the sampling personnel, phlebotomists, should follow the established standards and reinforce the previous knowledge through continuous supervision by the health personnel and pathologist.

Development of Crisis Management Competencies: Factors Dominating It. A Case Study of Local Authorities in Malaysia

Performance improvement in an organisation can be achieved if all competency elements can be strengthened, employees perform their roles efficiently, and services meet the expectations of the management and customers. The competency development process requires continuous supervision and evaluation in order to produce an effective and integrated management system. The research used a qualitative method, in which eight informants participated in this study to discuss the comprehensive development and factors dominating the process. The themes of the study are derived based on participatory observations, document analysis, and interview sessions that have been conducted. The discussion topic is focused on the components that influence the development of crisis management competencies according to their perspectives. The three themes are 1) Enhancement of the transparency of governance and integrity in organisational human resources, 2) Empowerment of organisational learning to drive organisational excellence, and 3) Strengthening the efficiency of organisational governance. Integrity governance with high expertise requires continuous training and development to increase the knowledge, skills, and abilities of employees from time to time. It also assists in enhancing the talents and expertise of employees in related fields as well as improving self-confidence and personality to achieve the objectives of the transparency of governance.

Pelatihan Supervisi Berbasis Kategori Guru Bagi Kepala Sekolah Dasar Kota Solok

Efforts to improve and improve the quality of the learning process cannot be separated from the role of professional teachers and principals. In the context of efforts to improve the quality of educational resources, especially teachers, it is necessary to carry out programmed and continuous supervision by school principals who also have competence in carrying out supervision. The purpose of this training is to provide knowledge and skills to school principals in implementing teacher category-based supervision. The method of implementing this training is through lectures, discussions, case studies, and assignment methods (recitation). Supervision competency improvement training in this proposal is grouped into 2 major activities, namely the delivery of material and guided assignments. Supervised assignments are carried out for three months after the training is given. In this guided assignment the school principal implements the supervision program documents that have been prepared at the training stage. During its implementation, the principal is guided by the service team and resource persons with an agreed schedule. Activity evaluation is carried out 3 times, namely before the main activity, during the process, and after the activity. Evaluation prior to core activities is carried out in the form of a pre-test. The results of the Pre-test and Post-Test of Solok city school principals showed that there was an increase in the principal's understanding of 27.5% in the aspects of: (1) supervisory competence, (2) understanding of curriculum content, approaches, and assessment based on literacy and numeracy, and (3) understanding related to the psychology of communication in the implementation of supervision.

The Impact Model of Social Restriction Policies and New Habit Adaptation to Community Mobility Patterns in Responding and Control Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

The Indonesian government has carried out various policies in suppressing the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia. The restriction policies that have been implemented encourage the community to adapt their behavior following the health protocols set by the government. The propagated spread transmission of Covid-19, followed by changes in the community mobility pattern, and influences increasing cases.
 
 This study assessed the impact of the policies implemented by the government on the changing patterns of community mobility and controlling Covid-19 in Indonesia. Aggregate data on Covid-19 epidemiological parameters and population mobility data from Google Community Report were analyzed by trend and modeling using linear regression analysis from the beginning of the March 2020-June 2021 pandemic Covid-19 in Indonesia.
 
 The results showed an increase in Covid-19 cases following the community mobility in Indonesia. The pattern of community mobility was different in each restriction policy and in various places as shown Table 1 and Figure 1. Social restriction policies were not fully effective in controlling Covid-19 in Indonesia. The effectiveness of restrictive policies and patterns of community mobility in controlling Covid-19 requires consistent and continuous supervision from the government.
 Policies based on comprehensive epidemiological research were essential considerations in efforts to control and prevent the transmission of Covid-19.

Kepatuhan Cuci Tangan Petugas Non Kesehatan: Literatur Review

Infection prevention and control is still a problem in health services in Indonesia. Cases such as nosocomial infections, the risk of contracting disease and health problems for medical and non-medical officers that occur as a result of not complying with work procedures, namely washing hands. This study aims to identify and describe the compliance of non-health workers in preventing infection through hand washing. The research method used is literature review, which is looking for articles using data sourced from the internet (google scholar and science direct) using keywords, compliance, hand washing, non-health workers, infection prevention with a time limit of 2019-2022. The search results obtained 8 articles that matched the inclusion criteria, 6 quantitative articles with descriptive studies and 2 articles using experiments which showed that more than half of non-health workers had complied with hand washing which was of course supported by knowledge, availability of facilities and continuous supervision. So this study recommends making a joint commitment to every human resource involved in health services as well as conducting continuous monitoring and providing infrastructure to improve implementation and compliance in washing the hands of non-medical officers in health services.

Compliance with using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and the incident of COVID 19 in health workers

The number of confirmed cases and deaths due to COVID-19 among health workers is increasing. Health workers have a high risk of being exposed to Covid-19 infection, so compliance with the use of PPE must be considered. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the level of compliance using PPE on the incidence of Covid 19 in health workers. This type of analytic research with a cross-sectional design, the population is 43 health workers, and the sampling technique uses saturated sampling. Methods of collecting data through interviews, observation, and documentation, data analysis using the chi-square test. The results showed that respondents who did not comply with using PPE were mostly confirmed positive for Covid 19 as many as 14 (73.7%) and respondents who complied using PPE were mostly not confirmed positive for Covid 19 as many as 15 (62.5%). There is an effect of the level of compliance using PPE on the incidence of Covid 19 in health workers (P value, 0.040). There should be SOPs for using PPE, policies, and sanctions for the use of PPE, simulation or training in the application of PPE, availability of PPE in good and complete condition, and continuous supervision of compliance with using PPE.

Factors contributing to non-adherence of the peri-operative surgical team to WHO surgical safety checklist in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

IntroductionThe World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist addresses acceptable practices for patient safety. This paper aimed to explore and describe the factors that contribute to non-adherence of peri‑operative surgical team to WHO surgical safety checklist at the selected hospital in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. MethodsThe study adopted a qualitative design. The population consisted of a 12 peri‑operative surgical team with an average of 12 years’ experience in their respective medical fields. This population was purposely selected from a selected hospital operating theatres in Saudi Arabia. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to select the participants. Data was collected by means of semi-structured individual interviews. Content analysis was used to analyze data. ResultsThe findings revealed that peri‑operative surgical team experience challenges when implementing WHO SSC (2008). The challenges affect their adherence, which depends on a convergence of intertwined factors, such as the use of WHO SSC related to issues in the checklist steps and uncertainties regarding the safe use of WHO SSC, team factors, checklist items factors and procedural factors. ConclusionThe study clearly identified factors that contributed to suboptimal WHO SSC execution by peri‑operative surgical team in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, addressed at the institutional level. It is therefore important for the managerial teams to be supportive to the surgical perioperative team to improve adherence to WHO SSC. Support can be provided through continuous supervision, in-service training, mentoring, evaluation and awarding merits for the good adherence to patient safety. Furthermore, these findings can be used to develop strategies to promote perioperative surgical team adherence to WHO SSC and can be used for further research.

OPTIMAL CONTROL ANALYSIS OF A TUBERCULOSIS MODEL

In this paper, an optimal control theory was applied to the tuberculosis (TB) model governed by system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The aim is to investigate the impact of treatment failure on the TB epidemic. An optimal control strategy is proposed to minimize the disease effect and cost incurred due to treatment failure. The existence and uniqueness of optimal controls are proved. The characterization of optimal paths is analytically derived using Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle. The control-induced model is then fitted using TB infected cases reported from the year 2010–2019 in East Shewa zone Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. Different simulation cases were performed to compare with analytical results. The simulation results show that the combined effect of awareness via various mass media and continuous supervision during the treatment period helps to reduce treatment failure and hence reduced the TB epidemic in the community.

Training the Armed Forces personnel in COVID-19 contact tracing: a Portuguese case study

Abstract Background Local contact tracing teams needed to be reinforced in preparation for a peak in Covid-19 cases. The Portuguese Armed Forces showed availability and their members initiated a formal training facilitated by the Public Health Unit (PHU) of Amadora. Health systems must be prepared to respond to all threats, as the COVID-19 pandemic showed us the need for quick task shifting and the training of non-experts’ workers. Objectives The aim of the project was to develop contact tracing skills by non-health professionals, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The training program was held online, with a total duration of 48 hours, distributed by the topics described: introduction to health and epidemiology concepts, the national guidelines, and the information systems (13h). We privileged demonstrative and participatory training methods, followed by continuous supervision of each contact tracing survey and constant feedback (35h). Learning support materials were sent out to assist the trainees, including written and video support. Results More than 200 personnel - sailors, soldiers and airmen - were trained. Each Lisbon and Tagus Valley area PHU was reinforced with a team of military professionals in order to support the contact tracing process, with an increase in the number of surveys completed. We highlight as positive aspects: increased number of contact tracing surveys carried out; growth of inter-institutional partnerships; freeing up of specialized PHU resources to other important tasks. As for negative aspects we focus on the complexity in health communication, the limited time for training, and the lack of specific health knowledge of the trainees. Conclusions This pandemic revealed the Portuguese need for a transdisciplinary approach in the provision of care, specially at a Public Health level. Training programs like these highlight the vital role of reshaping and reorganizing the healthcare workforce answering Public Health necessities. Key messages • Training programs for non-health workers must be prepared to reinforce health systems when necessary. The reinforcement of contact tracing teams by the Portuguese Armed Forces was a great example. • A transdisciplinary approach in the provision of care was essential during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific training of non-health workers can be planned in time to respond to health threats.

Deep Learning for Live Cell Shape Detection and Automated AFM Navigation.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a platform for high-resolution topographical imaging and the mechanical characterization of a wide range of samples, including live cells, proteins, and other biomolecules. AFM is also instrumental for measuring interaction forces and binding kinetics for protein–protein or receptor–ligand interactions on live cells at a single-molecule level. However, performing force measurements and high-resolution imaging with AFM and data analytics are time-consuming and require special skill sets and continuous human supervision. Recently, researchers have explored the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) in the bioimaging field. However, the applications of AI to AFM operations for live-cell characterization are little-known. In this work, we implemented a DL framework to perform automatic sample selection based on the cell shape for AFM probe navigation during AFM biomechanical mapping. We also established a closed-loop scanner trajectory control for measuring multiple cell samples at high speed for automated navigation. With this, we achieved a speed-up in AFM navigation and reduced the time involved in searching for the particular cell shape in a large sample. Our innovation directly applies to many bio-AFM applications with AI-guided intelligent automation through image data analysis together with smart navigation.

An innovative integrated platform of telerehabilitation for patients with chronic diseases: development and initial implementation

Although physical exercise is recommended to maintain health and to counteract the deleterious effects of chronic diseases, home exercising is rarely performed autonomously by patients. Hence, there is urgency to introduce and validate rehabilitation protocols based on a combination of technological solutions and specific health requirements in order to guarantee continuity and quality of care to patients with chronic diseases [1]. The aim of this presentation is to describe the development and initial implementation of an integrated platform of telerehabilitation, based on information and communication technologies. The platform is the product of a Lombardy Region grant (Regione Lombardia, Programma Operativo Regionale 2014-2020, “Bando Call HUB Ricerca e Innovazione”) to Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS. Preliminary results have been obtained in five healthy subjects testing the feasibility of the integrated platform in a lab setting (Fig. 1). The platform includes an @home fully-integrated kit composed of: 1) wearable inertial devices, 2) digitally-controlled resistance band, 3) time-of-flight range camera 4) mini-PC with exergames. The @home kit is connected with: 4) cloud-based software systems for programming and monitoring exercises, 5) intelligent conversational agents (chatbot) and virtual coach on personal smartphones. The exergames are based on Otago- inspired exercises [2], including strength, balance, aerobic and cognition. The hardware of the exergames consist of a mini-PC, to be connected to a home TV set, eight inertial measurement units (IMUs, two for proximal and distal part of each limb), providing both accelerometer and gyroscope assessments, a 3D motion range camera, and an extensible band with programmable resistance, exerted by an electric motor. This arrangement allows to detect and record the movement patterns of the subjects. A Digital Support System (DSS) in cloud allows the remote definition and supervision of exercising programs on a deferred basis, thus reducing operator time. An assisted interaction with subjects is allowed through a chatbot and a smartphone app allowing not only to monitor completed activities and achieved progresses but also to receive reminders and advice for the upcoming planning activities. The game interface and an avatar of the subject, detected by a range camera, are shown on a TV screen. Operating together, IMUs and the range camera can not only track the movement, but also assess it (as speed and joint range of motion). The DSS operates in an asynchronous mode allowing the continuous remote supervision of the rehabilitation activities, with the possibility to modify the rehabilitation program and progressively adapting it to subject’s performance. The chatbot and the smartphone app allow continuous and assiduous first level contact with the subject. The prototype of the platform is innovative as it is based on algorithms both for evaluations and classification of the results data on a deferred basis at variance with the existing telerehabilitation devices. The platform provides also rehabilitation assistance and advice, likely reducing the need of repeated consultations with the physiotherapist. Finally, this intervention technology might take part in the creation of a standardized evaluation and rehabilitation prescription system, leading to better quality of healthcare assistance.

WHY WE HAVE TO REFORM MIDWIFERY EDUCATION?

Background: Learner, methods and contents are three important parts of the learning variables beside lecturer, academic environment and patients. Facts and new findings show that we need to reform these learning variables accordingly especially in Obstetrics and Midwifery domainGaps:maternal deaths is still high despite higher number of obstetricians, doctors and midwives; as well asthe government has encouraged an increase in the number of institutions providing midwifery study programs. On the other hand, new paradigm in education has been ordered by the Ministry of Education such as student-centred learning, Outcome-based education, and also other approaches suggested by expert in medical education such as holistic education, bedside teaching, feedback & reflection, and problem based learning. Thus modify educational content and method in obstetrics and midwivery inline with new facts and findings and appropriate methods is necessary.Recommendation: One alternative to modify educational content and methods in midwifery education that can be implemented in clinical learning is the continuity of care approach accompanied by continuous feedback. This approach is proven to be able to reduce maternal mortality and as an effort to synergize education in an effort to achieve government program targets. However, in reality, midwifery education institutions have not fully adopted this approach. So there is a need for leadership commitment to carry out learning reforms with a sustainable curriculum approach, continuous feedback, continuous assessment, continuous midwifery care and continuous supervision so that learning outcomes as outputs and reducing maternal mortality as an outcome can be as expected.

Deep learning based detection and localization of road accidents from traffic surveillance videos

Real-world traffic surveillance videos need continuous supervision to monitor and take appropriate actions in case of fatal accidents. However, continuously monitoring them with human supervision is error prone and tedious. Therefore, a deep learning approach for automatic detection and localization of road accidents has been proposed by formulating the problem as anomaly detection. The method follows one-class classification approach and applies spatio-temporal autoencoder and sequence-to-sequence long short-term memory autoencoder for modeling spatial and temporal representations in the video. The model is executed on a real-world video traffic surveillance datasets and significant results have been achieved both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Supervisi Akademik Berkelanjutan Dapat Meningkatkan Kompetensi Guru dalam Menyusun Silabus dan RPP di SMPN 6 Bathin Solapan

This research was conducted from March to April 2022. This research aims to provide benefits for school principals as researchers in solving the problems of students who arrive late and problems that are not appreciated, so that it becomes better and provides a conducive atmosphere at SMP Negeri 6 Bathin Solapan . The subjects of this research were teachers of SMP Negeri 6 Bathin Solapan. This research was conducted using classroom action research methods which lasted for 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of the stages of planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The research method used by researchers is to carry out academic supervision which includes traditional supervision and clinical supervision. The results show that continuous academic supervision has been scientifically proven to be able to increase teacher competence in preparing syllabus and lesson plans at SMP Negeri 6 Bathin Solapan. This is proven by the increase in the number of good teacher syllabuses from 31% to 83% after academic supervision. In addition, the number of good quality lesson plans also increased from 31% to 89%.

CLEIDOCRANIAL DYSOSTOSIS: A CASE REPORT

Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare disease caused by a defect in the RUNX2 gene on chromosome 6p21, which represents an essential transition factor for chondrocyte maturation and osteoblast differentiation. The patient affected by the genetic anomaly is 8 years old, and there are similar cases in the maternal family. He is followed up by a geneticist, being classified in ICD q78.8 (other specified osteochondrodysplasias) and ICD q74.0 (other congenital malformations of the upper limbs, including the shoulder girdle). The patient started treatment at the University Dental Service complaining of black, white, and brown spots on his teeth. The oral clinical and panoramic radiography characteristics of this patient include fusion, microdontia, and gyroversion. The treatment consisted of filling and sealant. The patient is under continuous supervision and guidance. The clinical and radiographic characteristics of this anomaly are rarely reported in the scientific literature.

A Journey Into the Unknown: PhD Students in a European Training Network on Age-related Changes in Hematopoiesis Conduct Their Project During a Global Pandemic

A Journey Into the Unknown: PhD Students in a European Training Network on Age-related Changes in Hematopoiesis Conduct Their Project During a Global Pandemic

An Analysis of the Effect of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Training Based on the Information-Motivation-Behavior Skills Model in the Practice of COVID-19 PPE Application.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to improve the effectiveness of training in putting on and removing personal protective equipment (PPE) during COVID-19.MethodsAn information–motivation–behavioral skills (IMB) model intervention team was established with the adoption of the IMB model to intervene in putting on and removing PPE by medical staff during COVID-19. Specifically, the information intervention was strengthened through the formulation of the hospital manual for PPE application. In the present study’s five-stage motivational interview, the personal motivation and social motivation of medical staff were deeply understood, helping the medical staff to improve their belief in the importance of correct PPE application and to establish the correct attitude toward PPE application. In terms of behavioral skills, there are numerous issues that could interfere with the establishment of proper PPE application, including material supply, double duty, simultaneous supervision of entering and leaving, continuous supervision, video supervision, and nosocomial infection inspection. The scores relating to PPE application knowledge and self-efficacy as well as the PPE usage qualification rate were calculated in the control group and the IMB intervention group and subsequently compared.ResultsFor the control group and the IMB intervention group, the scores for PPE application knowledge were 87.78 ± 10.46 and 95.56 ± 9.06 points, respectively. For self-efficacy, the scores were 25.19 ± 0.97 and 33.79 ± 2.05 points, and the PPE usage qualification rates were 64.8% and 90.0%, respectively. The differences in all the scores were statistically significant between the two groups.ConclusionThe application of the IMB model could improve the relevant knowledge relating to PPE application, strengthen the belief in the importance of and motivation for correct PPE application, improve the qualification rate for PPE application, and provide a theoretical and practical basis for reducing the occurrence of nosocomial infection.

TRANSFORMER BUSHING – A PART OF MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

Power transformer is one of the most important and most expensive components in the electric power system (EPS) and requires, from its production and throughout lifetime, continuous monitoring and checks of the availability in the power system. All the measurements and tests on the transformer which manufacturers attempt, in order to determine the quality of their products, are carried out through the connection of different types of bushings, and these measurements and tests are conducted in accordance with requirements of applicable standards. Also, the owner of the transformer during the exploitation phase wishes and needs to know the status and availability of transformers for future work. The only available points of the transformer inside are the bushings. The technical practice from the early beginnings of the transformers are periodic off-line measurements. Following that practice and experience, the need arose for continuous supervision of transformer operation (on-line). In the 90’s the first simple systems for the transformer on-line monitoring appeared. Today, it is an established fact that the modern systems for on-line monitoring of transformers provide a complete insight in the transformer state including alarms in the case of critical states. It is realistic to expect in the future that these same systems, apart from providing diagnostics and giving alarms, will be authorized to switch off transformers in the case of necessity with high degree of confidence. An important role in on-line monitoring, as a part of measurement system, has a transformer bushing. For the purpose of both off-line and on-line measurements, manufacturers of the bushings are equipping them with the measuring tap. Unfortunately, despite intentions to standardize the components of the power system, this is not the case with the measuring tap, and the intention of this paper is to draw attention to these problems and to try to find a solution.