Continuous Reflection Research Articles

The role of Turkey in the second Armenian-Azerbaijani armed conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh as a reflection of continuity and change in its foreign policy

The article examines Turkey?s role in the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh that erupted between Azerbaijan and Armenia in September 2020. It analyses how changes and continuity in Turkey?s foreign policy have influenced the conflict?s outcome, as well as the extent to which it has been exploited to fulfil Turkey?s foreign policy objectives. Thus, unlike most research on Nagorno-Karabakh, this article focuses on the role of one external actor, and not on the conflict itself or possible hypotheses for its resolution. The article?s special focus was influenced by the fact that Turkey?s participation resulted in a change in the long-standing status quo in Nagorno-Karabakh, allowing the situation to turn dramatically in Baku?s favour. Turkey, along with Russia, has emerged as one of the most important regional players in this conflict. This is the result of Turkey?s emphasised foreign policy ambitions, which were influenced by changes in its international security environment as well as changes in the country?s domestic policy. In any case, with its role in the second conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, Turkey has once again shown its determination to pursue its foreign, and especially regional, policy independently and in accordance with its national interests, despite being a member of NATO.

Individual benefits and collective challenges: Experts’ views on data-driven approaches in medical research and healthcare in the German context

Healthcare provision, like many other sectors of society, is undergoing major changes due to the increased use of data-driven methods and technologies. This increased reliance on big data in medicine can lead to shifts in the norms that guide healthcare providers and patients. Continuous critical normative reflection is called for to track such potential changes. This article presents the results of an interview-based study with 20 German and Swiss experts from the fields of medicine, life science research, informatics and humanities of digitalisation. The aim of the study was to explore expert opinions regarding current challenges and opportunities related to data-driven medicine and medical research and to provide a methodological framework for empirically grounded, continuous normative reflection. To this end, we developed a heuristic tool to map and structure empirical findings for normative analysis. Using this tool, our interview material points to a polarisation between individualistic and collectivistic orientated argumentations among experts. The study shows that a multilevel analysis is required to deal with complex normative implications of data-driven approaches in medical research and healthcare.

Multiple connotations and action enhancement of sustainable education leadership based on action learning

Action learning originated in Europe and has been widely used by domestic enterprises in recent years. Through action learning in the form of teams, various tools and methods are used to solve problems encountered in work, and continuous reflection is carried out in the process of solving problems. In order to achieve the common development of personal ability and organizational ability, so as to promote the improvement of cadre leadership. This paper uses action learning technology to change people's behavior to improve the practical work ability of managers, so as to explore some ideas of leadership training. As long as you successfully influence the behavior of others and achieve organizational goals, you are using leadership. In the software era, the innovation speed that is released after 100% reliability is no longer suitable for the mobile Internet era. It is found that action learning can really combine theory with practice closely, and it is a training mode worth studying and popularizing.

Palliative care and its own identity, through an autoethnography: do you recognize these patterns?

Introduction:After more than 25 years working in palliative care (PC) observing thousands of patients and family behaviors, I use my long experience and notes as a source of data for a qualitative research study. The aim is to identify frequent families’ behavior patterns in PC and better describe the culture in PC.Methods:This article is part of a larger project, using autoethnography as methodology, with the aim of helping doctors and interested health professionals better understand the culture and reality of PC. The focus is not the author but patients and families’ patterns of social behavior – the social context – within the end-of-life period and how to deal with these professionally. Confidentiality and privacy of patients’ data were guaranteed.Results:The vast number of treated cases, the regular observation and recording, and the continuous reflection and analysis over many years have led to these results. Due to editorial restrictions, in this article I only describe four of at least eight typical scenarios I have identified. Each is given a short title and I explore some of their inside-issues, integrating previous knowledge, research, and explanations, with practical suggestions on how to deal with them.Significance:As far as we know, these scenarios/patterns have never been described in this way. This work expands knowledge, innovates, and contributes to better describing PC culture. The final goal is to create a set of scripts that can be used to help clinicians quickly identify the clinical situation and how to deal with it in clinical practice. Reflecting on how patients and families frequently behave in PC can be very useful and then teach other professionals to better deal with these challenges.

Temporal Shape-Based Fusion Method to Generate Continuous Vegetation Index at Fine Spatial Resolution

In this study, a temporal shape–based fusion method using a spatially and temporally moving window is proposed to incorporate time lag of fine and coarse resolution observations, and to fully utilize target fine resolution pixel and similar coarse resolution pixels in the process. This method provides high accuracy fused images with Pearson’s r of ~0.95, root mean square error of ~0.04, and bias of ~0.01 for commonly used fine spatial resolution satellites, including Landsat 7 and 8, Sentinel 2, and Gaofen 1, over different heterogeneous regions, such as urban, mountain, forest, and savanna regions. The fused fine resolution Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) time series using different fine spatial resolution satellites data as input are all highly correlated with the PhenoCam monitored green chromatic coordinate, with no temporal lag. Compared with commonly used data fusion method, this method provides equivalent and slightly higher accuracy because both neighboring similar pixels and the annual temporal variation are fully considered. This temporal shape–based fusion method does not require each input fine resolution image to be cloud-free; therefore, it can be used at a large spatial scale without further preprocessing and generates continuous datasets over a long-time range with only one input preparation process. The factors that could affect the method accuracy are the cloud detection accuracy of fine resolution data and the temporal continuity of the coarse resolution data. The method may also be used to produce spatially and temporally continuous surface reflectance and other surface reflectance derived indices.

Towards a Critical Phenomenology of Borders and Migration: Introduction to the Themed Issue

With the themed issue “The Critical Phenomenology of Borders and Migration,” we at Puncta wish to highlight the need for a continued systematic reflection on the lived experiences of migrants in relation to the political and social structures that inform these experiences. By claiming that critical phenomenology can be a fruitful approach to this work, we insist that the complex lived experience of migrants should not only be acknowledged and included in the form of examples and anecdotes, but systematically integrated and interrogated in philosophical conversations on migration-related matters. The hope is that critically attuned phenomenological analyses of migrant lived experiences may contribute to offer new knowledges indispensable for understanding what is actually at stake—philosophically, politically, ethically, and existentially—with the particular situations that migrants, border-crossers and border-dwellers continually negotiate

Seismic Expression of Submarine Channels and Seafloor Morphology, Deepwater Western Niger Delta.

In this study, analyses of a high-resolution, 3D seismic reflection dataset covering an area of 950km2 was used to characterise and understand interactions between submarine channels and seafloor morphology in the deep-water western Niger Delta. The seafloor bathymetry of the study area revealed the presence of submarine channels, fault scars, pockmarks, and a shale-cored anticlinal fold structure. In terms of geometry, the channels were crescent-shaped, with low-angle gentle dipping walls and characterised by moderate to high-amplitude, discontinuous to continuous seismic reflections. The channels were observed to follow topographic lows, trending downflow, NW-SE of the study area. A major low sinuosity (

Exploring empathy and self-efficacy in communication skills among nursing students: A cross-sectional study at two universities in the MENA region

BackgroundEmpathy is an integrated multifaceted concept that has emotional, cognitive, moral, and behavioral aspects. Nurses’ empathic attitudes convey a caring message to their patients and promote improved patient outcomes. A major challenge for student nurses is establishing a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. This challenge should be reflected in nursing curricula. AimTo explore empathy levels and identify factors contributing to empathy perception among nursing students at Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) and Alexandria University (AU). DesignThis was a descriptive exploratory correlational study. MethodsConvenience sampling was used to recruit 500 nursing students from two public universities in Egypt and Oman. Data were collected with t a self-report three-part questionnaire that covered: 1) students’ demographic and academic characteristics; 2) the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Nursing Students, which measures empathy among nursing students; and 3) the Communication Skills Self-Efficacy Scale, which measures healthcare professionals’ clinical communication skills self-efficacy. The present study relies mainly on Communication theory as a theoretical framework. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used to analyze the data. ResultsParticipating nursing students had moderate levels of empathy (AU: 92.80 ± 19.70; SQU: 84.29 ± 15.24). Communication self-efficacy, clinical score, academic level, and preference for the nursing profession were factors that significantly contributed to empathy levels (P = 0.000). ConclusionNursing students had moderate empathy levels. Use of continuous reflection and regular educational activities are recommended to improve students’ empathic attitudes and caring behaviors.

Tra l’apofatico e l’epifanico: Riflessioni sull’iconografo e l’artista, dai madonneri cretesi ai mistici russi

Between Apophatic and Epiphanic: Reflections on the Iconographer and the Artist, from Cretan madonneri to Russian Mystics The reflections presented here refer to the painting Martyrium of Saint Paraskevi by Michail Damaskinos, dated 1605 and kept at the Kanellopuolos Museum in Athens. In the midst of a vibrant crowd created in a clear mannerist matrix, the figure of the saint stands out as a perfect icon. Her hieratic face against the two-dimensional halo creates an interruption, and opens a metahistorical and metaphysical gash: she is a “dissimilar figure” which, as Dionysius the Areopagite says “much more than those for homogeneity of nature, lifts our minds up”, and raises questions. In the first part of the text, an attempt is made to contextualize the painting by placing it in relation to the production of the madonneri workshops on Crete, and producing the relative artistic historiography. As a subject of a great critical debate on stylistic “hybridism”, on the division between ‘Greek’ and ‘Latin’ manner, this work needs to be looked at in a different way, shifting the judgment from the merely ‘artistic’ level towards a more complex hermeneutics, which takes into account the ontological status of the image itself. In fact, the form does not disregard the content, and this dialectic, entirely internal to the icon, is all the more interesting as it is consubstantial with the radically antinomian character of the Christian faith in the Incarnation. In the central part, the text focuses on the different dimensions in which the Christian sacred image is projected from its origins: iconoclasm, the search for orthodoxy and the continuous reflections of the fathers and theologians are born from the intrinsic theophanic and transfiguring power of art. This is the link that leads to the questioning of the apophatic act, of retraction, of the author and of his own personality. The reference to the theoretical writings of important modern artists, and the comparison with mystical literature, enable us to understand how obedience to the traditional corpus becomes for the author a real investiture, the responsibility of guaranteeing the epiphanic value of art: it makes itself invisible so that the Invisible becomes visible. This ambiguous role, between norm and freedom, creation and subtraction, also challenge the contemporaneity which generates the last part of this essay.

PESQUISA COM GRAFOS

This article is intended as a report on interdisciplinary research in Curatorship, Visual Arts and Literature, within the field of Digital Humanities, using relational graphs from mathematics and other Data Visualization tools. This research extends itself through the author's studies, carried out during her master's, doctoral and post-doctoral studies, between 2015 and 2022. The research is described as a single process, as it is a single continuous reflection.

On the Synthesis of Pure Sensibility and Pure Rationality in Immanuel Kant’s Epistemology

Hume's skepticism, more particularly his technical distinction between a priori and a posteriori propositions or statements, awakened Kant from his dogmatic slumber, and provided a basis for treating the question of whether, and how metaphysics is possible. Kant said that it was the influence of David Hume (awakening from the dogmatic slumber), which had turned his mind to the new fields of speculative philosophy. One can identify two possible versions of Humean influence on Kant. The first is connected with the conception of the “skeptical method”, to which Kant adhered since about 1765, and the second is the true awakening which took place in the summer of 1771.1 In acknowledging the profound influence of Hume in his speculative philosophy, Kant asserts: I openly confess, the suggestion of David Hume was the very thing, which many years ago first interrupted my dogmatic slumber, and gave my investigations in the field of speculative philosophy quite a new direction. I was far from following him in the conclusions at which he arrived by regarding, not the whole of his problem, but a part, which by itself can give us no information. If we start from a well-founded, but undeveloped, thought, which another has bequeathed to us, we may well hope by continued reflection to advance farther than the acute man, to whom we owe the first spark of light. I therefore first tried whether Hume's objection could not be put into a general form, and soon found that the concept of the connection of cause and effect was by no means the only idea by which the understanding thinks the connection of things a priori, but rather that metaphysics consists altogether of such connections. But as soon as I had succeeded in solving Hume's problem not merely in a particular case, but with respect to the whole faculty of pure reason, I could proceed safely, though slowly, to determine the whole sphere of pure reason completely and from general principles, in its circumference as well as in its contents. This was req This paper sets out to discuss the nature and relevance of Kant’s synthesis between sensibility and understanding, in relation to his introduction of the synthetic a priori judgment, in his Critique of Pure Reason.

Генезис буддизма в Японии: эпоха Нара – период Токугава

This article considers the genesis and development of Buddhism in Japan from the age of Nara to the Tokugawa period. Revealing the problems of the first six philosophical and religious schools of academic Buddhism, namely Kusha, Sanron, Jōjitsu, Hosso, Risshu and Kegon, the authors of the article sought to fully explore the basic foundations of the philosophy of each of them, delve into the linguistic nuances of Japanese and Sanskrit terms, touching on such aspects like dharma, dukha, anatmavada, shunyata or emptiness, the "two truths" of the Buddha's teachings, etc. The text focuses on the role of Buddhism in the Nara period, it explores the main purpose of monks and the system of "local" temples which was not only an intellectual support of that era, but also played the role of an important military force. Drawing an analogy with the philosophy of the Rinzai-shu and Soto-shu schools, the authors analyze the expansion of the line of succession in Zen by monitoring the formation of groups of thinkers, their development and emergence of cultural capital through long-term discussions and continuous reflection over several generations. The work pays special attention to significant figures in Japanese Buddhism, it outlines the role of philosophical creativity, examines the social and religious transformations that occur over different eras and periods. The question of redistribution of power and basic economic resources, suppression of Buddhism, emergence of anti-Buddhist positions and formation of new doctrines are touched upon. As a result of the study, the genesis of Buddhism was described through the prism of Japanese culture, the trajectory of its development from inception to transformation processes in new trends as well as social phenomena that sometimes gave rise to a creative or destructive tendency and influenced the course of history. The authors note that Japanese society that tends to a greater extent towards abstraction and aesthetic pleasure managed to assimilate to the new realities of life and new teachings with pinpoint accuracy, transforming Buddhism into its culture and polishing and refining it in the Japanese style.

Temperature and Salinity Inverted for a Mediterranean Eddy Captured With Seismic Data, Using a Spatially Iterative Markov Chain Monte Carlo Approach

Ocean submesoscale dynamics are thought to play a key role in both the climate system and ocean productivity, however, subsurface observations at these scales remain rare. Seismic oceanography, an established acoustic imaging method, provides a unique tool for capturing oceanic structure throughout the water column with spatial resolutions of tens of meters. A drawback to the seismic method is that temperature and salinity are not measured directly, limiting the quantitative interpretation of imaged features. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) inversion approach has been used to invert for temperature and salinity from seismic data, with spatially quantified uncertainties. However, the requisite prior model used in previous studies relied upon highly continuous acoustic reflection horizons rarely present in real oceanic environments due to instabilities and turbulence. Here we adapt the MCMC inversion approach with an iteratively updated prior model based on hydrographic data, sidestepping the necessity of continuous reflection horizons. Furthermore, uncertainties introduced by the starting model thermohaline fields as well as those from the MCMC inversion itself are accounted for. The impact on uncertainties of varying the resolution of hydrographic data used to produce the inversion starting model is also investigated. The inversion is applied to a mid-depth Mediterranean water eddy (or meddy) captured with seismic imaging in the Gulf of Cadiz in 2007. The meddy boundary exhibits regions of disrupted seismic reflectivity and rapid horizontal changes of temperature and salinity. Inverted temperature and salinity values typically have uncertainties of 0.16°C and 0.055 psu, respectively, and agree well with direct measurements. Uncertainties of inverted results are found to be highly dependent on the resolution of the hydrographic data used to produce the prior model, particularly in regions where background temperature and salinity vary rapidly, such as at the edge of the meddy. This further advancement of inversion techniques to extract temperature and salinity from seismic data will help expand the use of ocean acoustics for understanding the mesoscale to finescale structure of the interior ocean.

Spectral characteristics of sea snot reflectance observed from satellites: Implications for remote sensing of marine debris

In 2021, coastal communities in the Sea of Marmara were impacted by large sea snot events. Based on data collected by several satellite sensors, we analyze and present the spectral reflectance characteristics of sea snots in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Sea snots often form elongated image slicks in Red-Green-Blue (RGB) or false-colour RGB (FRGB) images. Most reflectance spectra of sea snots show largely featureless spectral shapes, with continuous reflectance increases from the blue to the red, which then become flat toward the near infrared wavelengths. Some reflectance spectra show a local trough around 670 nm, indicating presence of chlorophyll a pigment, and thereby live algae. A 20-year time series of satellite data also reveals large-scale sea snot events in the Sea of Marmara before 2021. These results suggest that it might be possible to develop algorithms to search and map sea snots at a global scale, as sea snot events also occur in other regions. The results also indicate that remote differentiation of sea snots and marine debris using multi-band sensors may be difficult because of the spectral similarity between them.

Enabling Continuous Wearable Reflectance Pulse Oximetry at the Sternum.

In light of the recent Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) has shown to be amongst the vital signs most indicative of deterioration in persons with COVID-19. To allow for the continuous monitoring of SpO2, we attempted to demonstrate accurate SpO2 estimation using our custom chest-based wearable patch biosensor, capable of measuring electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals with high fidelity. Through a breath-hold protocol, we collected physiological data with a wide dynamic range of SpO2 from 20 subjects. The ratio of ratios (R) used in pulse oximetry to estimate SpO2 was robustly extracted from the red and infrared PPG signals during the breath-hold segments using novel feature extraction and PPGgreen-based outlier rejection algorithms. Through subject independent training, we achieved a low root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 2.64 ± 1.14% and a Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) of 0.89. With subject-specific calibration, we further reduced the RMSE to 2.27 ± 0.76% and increased the PCC to 0.91. In addition, we showed that calibration is more efficiently accomplished by standardizing and focusing on the duration of breath-hold rather than the resulting range in SpO2. The accurate SpO2 estimation provided by our custom biosensor and the algorithms provide research opportunities for a wide range of disease and wellness monitoring applications.

Factors influencing the effectiveness of a Cooperative Planning approach in the school setting.

The purpose of the Health.edu project was to develop, implement and evaluate effective and feasible measures addressing students' health-related knowledge and understanding (HKU) in physical education (PE) with a specific focus on a co-creation approach (Cooperative Planning). The general procedure was identical in the four intervention schools involved; however, effectiveness (i.e. an increase in HKU) differed. Therefore, the present study investigated how different contextual factors supported or hindered the Cooperative Planning approach (evaluation of program implementation). To consider different perspectives in the analysis, we used data triangulation. On the one hand, written protocols (N = 19) document relevant statements and decisions in each planning group meeting (scientific perspective). On the other hand, we captured the participating PE teachers’ (N = 8) individual attitudes after the Cooperative Planning process through semi-structured interviews (teachers’ perspective). Data were analysed via qualitative content analysis. We identified three relevant factors with influence on the Cooperative Planning approach. First, the Cooperative Planning intervention worked if teachers saw a benefit in providing evidence-based knowledge, reflected their teaching practices and made an effort to implement new teaching strategies. Second, it was beneficial to have students represented as partners in the decision-making process. Third, support from the principal appeared to be helpful but not mandatory for implementing progressive pedagogical concepts. Continuous monitoring and reflection on those factors by the leading project team might help facilitate subsequent interventions using Cooperative Planning.

Evolving use of ancestry, ethnicity, and race in genetics research—A survey spanning seven decades

SummaryTo inform continuous and rigorous reflection about the description of human populations in genomics research, this study investigates the historical and contemporary use of the terms “ancestry,” “ethnicity,” “race,” and other population labels in The American Journal of Human Genetics from 1949 to 2018. We characterize these terms’ frequency of use and assess their odds of co-occurrence with a set of social and genetic topical terms. Throughout The Journal’s 70-year history, “ancestry” and “ethnicity” have increased in use, appearing in 33% and 26% of articles in 2009–2018, while the use of “race” has decreased, occurring in 4% of articles in 2009–2018. Although its overall use has declined, the odds of “race” appearing in the presence of “ethnicity” has increased relative to the odds of occurring in its absence. Forms of population descriptors “Caucasian” and “Negro” have largely disappeared from The Journal (<1% of articles in 2009–2018). Conversely, the continental labels “African,” “Asian,” and “European” have increased in use and appear in 18%, 14%, and 42% of articles from 2009–2018, respectively. Decreasing uses of the terms “race,” “Caucasian,” and “Negro” are indicative of a transition away from the field’s history of explicitly biological race science; at the same time, the increasing use of “ancestry,” “ethnicity,” and continental labels should serve to motivate ongoing reflection as the terminology used to describe genetic variation continues to evolve.

Influence of different sized nanoparticles combined with ultrasound on the optical properties of in vitro knee joint and knee osteoarthritis cartilage tissue was studied by OCT and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

The penetration and accumulation of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with different sizes in human normal knee joint (NKJ) tissue and knee osteoarthritis (OA) tissue were studied by continuous optical coherence tomography and diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy in this paper, and the effects of ZnO NPs of two sizes (30 nm and 90 nm) and ultrasound (US) on the optical properties of human NKJ and OA tissue were evaluated. The results show that the average attenuation coefficients of NKJ tissue decrease by 14.90%, 26.91%, 33.52% and 37.01%, and the DR spectra increases by 8.444%, 12.901%, 18.219% and 26.125%, respectively, after being treated with 90 nm ZnO NPs, 90 nm ZnO NPs/US, 30 nm ZnO NPs and 30 nm ZnO NPs/US. The average attenuation coefficients of OA tissue are reduced by 32.14%, 49.51%, 57.85% and 72.30%, and the DR spectra increase by 17.426%, 23.116%, 25.218% and 29.326%, respectively, after being treated with 90 nm ZnO NPs, 90 nm ZnO NPs/US, 30 nm ZnO NPs and 30 nm ZnO NPs/US. It is concluded that the optical properties of NKJ and OA tissues are greatly influenced by ZnO NPs and US. Nanoparticles have a greater impact on OA tissue than on NKJ tissue.

Painting historiography: Meleko Mokgosi's Democratic Intuition

This interview focuses particularly on Democratic Intuition (2013-20), Meleko Mokgosi's epic, eight-chapter painting cycle, the title of which references Gayatri Spivak's lecture on the necessary relationship between education and democracy. Education, reflection on theory and practice and engagement with young practitioners are all important parts of Mokgosi's work. The interview discusses the way the chapter format of Democratic Intuition is influenced by film processes, and the research and critical analysis on which his work is based; this includes historiography; the western genre of history painting; narrative tropes and the work of Hayden White; and painting techniques that more accurately construct Black skin tones. It also discusses discourses of race and assumptions about whiteness in the western canon; and whether there is a possibility for the Black subject to inhabit allegorical representational space without being overdetermined by histories of Blackness and race discourse. Stuart Hall's work has been important to Mokgosi because of its analysis of the complexities of the discourses within which cultural production and consumption is located. This has been helpful for reflecting on the location of the western art tradition within discourses of the Enlightenment and western humanism, which provide specific rules of circulation and consumption, and structures of authority. Such discourses assume that the viewer has the necessary tools or literacies to read in order to arrive at the meanings proposed in cultural objects. Mokgosi is engaged in continuous reflection on the extent to which, in spite of this, he, as a particular subject from Botswana, has managed to locate meaning within the narrow practice of painting.

Research on sedimentary facies of Guantao Formation in Shanjiasi area of Dongying depression, China

Alluvial fan and Fluvial facies sand bodies are important reservoirs for oil and gas resources. In this study, the sedimentary characteristics and evolutionary patterns of Alluvial fan and fluvial deposits in the Neogene Guantao Formation of the Dongying Sag, Bohai Bay Basin were analyzed using cores, well logs and three-dimensional seismic data, and the quantitative information of the sand bodies in different deposits were characterized with dense well-net constraints. Through the calibration between the core and wireline logging data, the developmental characteristics of the sand bodies in the Alluvial fan and fluvial deposits were clearly defined base on sedimentary microfacies and seismic facies interpretation. Using the RMS amplitude attribute and reconstructed Wave Impedance Inversion, the sand bodies of Guantao Formation in this area were carefully described and studied, and the effective reservoir range was predicted on the basis of fully understanding the oil test data. Results: The top and bottom interface of Guantao Formation are characterized by strong continuous reflection on seismic section, exist within the guantao on seismic section three continuous or intermittent peaks, from bottom to top respectively represent the interface between Ng4 and Ng3 sand group, the interface between Ng3 and Ng2 sand group,the interface between Ng2 and Ng1 of the Guantao Formation, and Ng4 sand group of the Guantao Formation is the key layer; The boundary Growth Fault and Binxian high jointly controlled the deposition of Guantao Formation. The sedimentary thickness of the strata decreased on the north and west sides of the sag, and increased from the core to the edge of the Binxian high; The sedimentary facies of Guantao Formation in the study area can be divided into three types: alluvial fan facies, braided river facies and meandering river facies, and various corresponding subfacies and microfacies can be subdivided into different types. Ng4 sand group of the Guantao Formation is identified as alluvial fan-braided river model; Based on the analysis of the distribution and physical properties of alluvial and fluvial facies sand bodies in the study area, it is considered that the effective reservoir of Ng4 sand group of the Guantao Formation is mainly developed in the nose structure around Binxian high, and is semicircular in distribution.