In this study, we demonstrate the use of functionalized inter-penetrated biomaterial mesh composites (FMCs) as rapid hazardous heavy metal and emerging pollutant retention media. Varying composition of metal precursors, the biopolymers were first functionalized to be converted into highly active hazard retention sites. Further, the structural and morphological confirmation of these synthesized FMC’s were characterized using different analytical tools such as FT-IR, p-XRD, FE-SEM, XPS, DLS, and Zeta potential. Likewise, experiments were conducted to investigate the removal efficiency of toxic pollutants such Cr6+, F−, and series of emerging pollutants. The optimized composition among the five variant FMCs showed maximum adsorption capacity of 315.86 mg/g for Cr6+ ions, 52.75 mg/g for fluoride ions, 77.71 mg/g for Ciploflaxin and 61.5 mg/g for Diclofenac. Further, to investigate the practical use and robustness of the composite materials, continuous flow adsorptive membrane filters were fabricated and then the adsorptive membrane was tested in continuous filtration mode for the robust removal of series of pollutants both in simulated feed condition as well as real contaminated samples. In this mode, the adsorptive membrane showed a flux of ∼ 300–900 LMH and > 98% retention efficiency for Cr6+, 92% rejection for CTAB, and 60% retention for both low molecular weight pharmaceutical pollutants and F− ions. Therefore, this research demonstrates a sustainable strategy for efficiently removing Cr6+, F−, and emerging pollutants like active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from contaminated water streams.