Continuous Education Research Articles

An Evaluation of the Implementation of Inclusive Education in Primary Schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania: Insights into Management Practices and Special Needs Integration

This study evaluated the implementation of inclusive education in Primary Schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania, dealing with insights into management practices and special needs integration. The study used the descriptive-comparative design. Out of the population of 14,881 stakeholders, the study had the sample size was 1,163 subject including 370 mainstream pupils, 278 mainstream teachers, 346 special needs learners and 169 special needs teachers. Sources of data were a questionnaire, an interview schedule, an observation schedule and Focus Group Discussions. Data analysis involved the thematic approach, descriptive statistics and t-test. The study concludes that primary schools in Arusha Region had diverse types of special needs learners. While the most prevalent special need learners were those with the intellectual challenges, the schools had several other types of special needs learners such as the autistic learners, the hearing impairment learners, the visual impairment learners, the physical impaired and those learners with albinism. Both teachers and pupils considered the nature, scope, and orientation of teacher training and preparation as effective. The study recommends that school systems needs to address the various types of special needs learners according to their intensity. The admission of special needs learners should begin with examination of the learners’ needs for appropriate placement. Finally, the ministry of education needs to provide continuous education and professional development programs not only to special education teachers but also to regular teachers who also need to gain deeper knowledge on how to deal with contemporary issues that relate to special needs education.

Knowledge of Hepatitis-B Management and its Prevention among the Senior Staff Nurses Working at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU)

Background: Hepatitis B, caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), presents a significant global health challenge, especially in regions like Bangladesh where its prevalence is intermediate. The virus is transmitted through percutaneous or mucosal exposure to infectious blood or bodily fluids, posing a substantial risk to healthcare workers. Hepatitis B can lead to severe liver diseases if untreated. In Bangladesh, the burden of Hepatitis B is high, necessitating urgent intervention, particularly among healthcare professionals such as senior staff nurses who are on the frontline of managing and preventing the disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge levels of 210 senior staff nurses at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) regarding Hepatitis B management and prevention. A structured questionnaire, translated into Bengali, was used for data collection through structured interviews. Convenience sampling was employed, and data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 24.0). Descriptive statistics and t-tests/ANOVA were used to explore the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and nurses' knowledge about Hepatitis B. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of BSMMU. Results: The majority of respondents were female (70%), aged below 30 years (59.5%), and had basic nursing education (89.5%). Most had 1-10 years of work experience (89%) and earned less than 35,000 BDT monthly (78.1%). Regarding vaccination, 64.3% had completed it, 26.7% were partially vaccinated, and 9% were unvaccinated. Occupational exposure to blood or body fluids was reported by 73.3% of nurses. Knowledge about Hepatitis B infection, transmission, and prevention was generally high, with 85.44%, 89.14%, and 85.11% of nurses demonstrating good knowledge in these areas, respectively. Marital status and vaccination status were significantly associated with higher knowledge levels (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Senior staff nurses at BSMMU exhibit substantial knowledge about Hepatitis B infection, transmission, and prevention. However, misconceptions persist regarding non-transmission routes and some preventive measures. Married nurses and those with complete vaccination status demonstrated higher knowledge levels. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions to address knowledge gaps and reinforce preventive practices among nurses. This study underscores the importance of continuous education and vaccination programs to enhance the effectiveness of Hepatitis B management and prevention efforts in healthcare settings.

The Impact of a Lack of Reporting of Sex and Gender in Clinical Research on the Continuum of Medical Education.

Sex and gender impact all areas of health. However, they are not consistently considered in research design. The lack of a sufficient research base regarding the impacts of sex or gender affects the ability to develop health-care professional curricula that include this content for learners across the spectrum of experience. Teaching the importance of sex and gender is critical in training the next generations of health-care professionals and researchers. In addition to improving the current research base, there is a need to raise awareness of this topic among faculty and a need for additional faculty development materials. Learners, clinical faculty, researchers, journal reviewers, and journal leadership all play a role in improving the knowledge base regarding sex and gender and subsequently incorporating this information into curricula.

A new approach in insulin pump education improves glycemic outcomes: a randomized controlled trial.

To address the scarcity of continued education for insulin pump users, we developed and evaluated a new program (NP) for individuals transitioning to a different insulin pump. In a randomized, controlled 3-month study, adults with type 1 diabetes and suboptimal HbA1c received either NP or usual care program (UC). The NP was designed in collaboration with representatives of the target group and incorporated technical training, case-based learning, and peer experience sharing - encompassing two group sessions, and two follow-up telephone calls. The UC included a single training session led by the pump company with hotline assistance (clinic) but no structured follow-up. The primary endpoint was the difference in time in range (TIR) (70-180mg/dL (3.9-10.0 mmol/L)), measured by continuous glucose monitoring from baseline to 3 months post-course. Psychosocial self-efficacy was measured by the Diabetes Empowerment Scale (DES-SF). Thirty-nine participants (median age 43, 74% female) were included. Mean TIR increased significantly in the NP group and remained unchanged in the UC group (between-group difference in change was 13.5% [95% CI: 4.0 to 22.9], p = 0.0064). Psychosocial self-efficacy improved and HbA1c decreased only significantly in the NP group. Applying a novel education program at pump transition significantly improved glycemic outcomes and self-efficacy.

On-site inspection as a tool for developing auditing skills in engineering: integrating continuous education contents into higher education programs

On-site inspection as a tool for developing auditing skills in engineering: integrating continuous education contents into higher education programs

Strategies for minimizing repeated exposures in diagnostic radiography

Advancements in diagnostic radiography have significantly improved medical imaging, yet the associated radiation exposure poses health risks, particularly with repeated examinations. Technological innovations, including the transition from analog to digital radiography, have led to substantial reductions in radiation doses while enhancing image quality. Digital systems, coupled with automatic exposure control (AEC), dynamically adjust radiation levels based on patient size and diagnostic requirements, minimizing unnecessary exposure. Iterative reconstruction algorithms in CT imaging further reduce radiation doses by efficiently processing images and reducing noise. Hardware improvements, such as high-efficiency detectors, capture high-quality images with lower radiation levels, contributing to dose reduction. Standardizing radiographic protocols across healthcare settings ensures consistent practices, reducing variability in radiation doses. Techniques such as beam collimation and appropriate shielding protect surrounding tissues and enhance image quality, while continuous education for technologists maintains proficiency in dose-reduction strategies. Patient education is crucial for minimizing repeated exposures. Informing patients about the risks of ionizing radiation and the importance of adhering to follow-up schedules can reduce unnecessary examinations. Electronic health records (EHRs) facilitate the tracking of cumulative radiation doses, enabling informed decision-making regarding additional imaging studies. Adherence to the ALARA principle (As low as reasonably achievable) in clinical practice ensures that radiation exposure is minimized while achieving diagnostic goals. Special considerations for vulnerable populations, such as children and pregnant women, further enhance safety. Implementing radiation safety measures and maintaining a commitment to ongoing professional development for healthcare providers fosters a culture of safety within radiology departments. By integrating these strategies, healthcare providers can balance the diagnostic benefits of radiography with the imperative to protect patients from unnecessary radiation exposure, ultimately enhancing patient safety and improving diagnostic outcomes. This comprehensive approach ensures that radiographic procedures remain both effective and safe, optimizing patient care in medical imaging.

Appropriateness of Imaging for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer-Real World Data from the Pennsylvania Urologic Regional Collaboration (PURC).

Imaging for prostate cancer defines the extent of disease. Guidelines recommend against imaging low-risk prostate cancer patients with a computed tomography (CT) scan or bone scan due to the low probability of metastasis. We reviewed imaging performed for men diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer across the Pennsylvania Urologic Regional Collaborative (PURC), a physician-led data sharing and quality improvement collaborative. The data of 10 practices were queried regarding the imaging performed in men diagnosed with prostate cancer from 2015 to 2022. The cohort included 13,122 patients with 3502 (27%) low-risk, 2364 (18%) favorable intermediate-risk, 3585 (27%) unfavorable intermediate-risk, and 3671 (28%) high-risk prostate cancer, based on the AUA guidelines. Amongst the low-risk patients, imaging utilization included pelvic MRI (59.7%), bone scan (17.8%), CT (16.0%), and PET-based imaging (0.5%). Redundant imaging occurred in 1022 patients (29.2%). There was variability among the PURC sites for imaging used in the low-risk patients, and iterative education reduced the need for CT and bone scans. Approximately 15% of low-risk patients had staging imaging performed using either a CT or bone scan, and redundant imaging occurred in almost one-third of men. Such data underscore the need for continued guideline-based education to optimize the stewardship of resources and reduce unnecessary costs to the healthcare system.

Strategies and Best Practices for Implementing Green Campus: A Change Management Reviews

The implementation of a green campus is a crucial effort to support environmental sustainability and reduce the carbon footprint of educational institutions. This journal aims to identify strategies and best practices for implementing a green campus using a change management approach. The method used in this study is a literature review, where various scientific articles, reports, and related documents are analyzed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the topic. The results of this study show that the success of green campus implementation depends on several key factors, including the involvement of all stakeholders, management commitment, the provision of adequate resources, and continuous education and training for all campus community members. Additionally, the application of environmentally friendly technologies, energy efficiency improvements, and effective waste management are also essential elements in green campus strategies. This study concludes that a systematic and well-planned change management approach is vital for achieving long-term sustainability goals. These findings are expected to provide practical guidance for educational institutions in designing and implementing effective green campus initiatives.

Reaching for a hybrid and networked university through lifelong learning initiatives

Working life is transforming, including an emerging digitalisation of its products and processes. Due to such transformation, competencies need to be developed in organisations that suit the emerging conditions for performing work. In the growth of these competencies, higher education is a key player. Its role is twofold, including preparing students for working life and being involved in professional development through continuous education and lifelong learning initiatives. This role as a key player has the potential to assist in the development of competencies at both an individual and organisational level. Another movement in society is the dissolution of boundaries between organisations, leading to the emergence of networked and hybrid organisations. Digitalisation is a driving force in this phenomenon. Even within universities, this trend has grown and impacted the relationship between the university and the surrounding society. In a hybrid and networked university, its operations are closely linked to the surrounding society, including the interplay of the needs of both parties; a balance of power; and weak boundaries between the university and organisations in the surrounding society. Another trend in the higher education sector is the emphasis on lifelong learning policies. Such policies link lifelong learning to global competition and social inclusion for all. The project reported in this paper builds on the ideas of lifelong learning from a university that aims to be hybrid and networked. The reported initiative builds on data from an early phase of a development project that aims at developing new forms of lifelong learning and professional development. Thematically analysed Post-it Notes from workshops supported the answering of the following research question: How do higher education staff perceive development of lifelong learning? The following four main categories were generated: (1) the hybrid and networked university, (2) pedagogical models, (3) internal organisation, and (4) quality. The conclusion includes staffs’ positive attitude towards lifelong learning initiatives. They emphasise the university as an open space and as a partner for agents in the surrounding society. Moreover, they stress lifelong learning initiatives for staff; further development of educational models; scientific legitimacy and high-quality deliverance; flexible internal organisation and structures; and finally, the importance of collaboration and networking. Further data collection is needed to validate the results and the potential for developing theoretical insights that could inform lifelong learning initiatives in emerging digitally infused societies.

Anatomy, Etiology, Management, and Medico-Legal Implications of Botulinum-induced Blepharoptosis

Abstract: Botulinum toxin injections, a popular aesthetic treatment, have over 7.4 million beneficiaries in the U.S. Despite their safety record, these injections pose potential complications. It is essential for aesthetic practitioners to manage these complications with the least impact on the patient. Upper eyelid ptosis, though rare, is a significant side effect of botulinum toxin injections. Through our study, we have identified the etiology, anatomy, and therapeutic management of botulinum- induced blepharoptosis. Hence, the goal of this study was to identify the basic aetiology of blepharoptosis and manage this complication, as well as discuss the basis of medico-legal implications involving this popular drug. The complex medico-legal implications of botulinum toxin-induced blepharoptosis call for continuous discourse, education, and clarity on drug-use legal standards. With evolving global and Italian legislation, practitioners must ensure they meet care standards, weighing treatment benefits against potential legal and ethical outcomes. Blepharoptosis is a rare but significant complication of botulinum-type injections. Etiology and thorough anatomy are crucial for avoiding this complication and handling it with the least impact on the patient. Medico-legal implications are currently not fully established, but the basis of aesthetic treatment standards, as well as continuing medical education, will ensure correct medico-legal coverage of such complications.

Innovations in oral hygiene tools: a mini review on recent developments

BackgroundThis review examines advancements in oral hygiene aids and their impact on gingival and periodontal health. As periodontal diseases are widespread, effective hygiene is vital. Enhancements in traditional tools and innovations have improved oral hygiene status. Clinical evidence confirms these innovations improve gingival and periodontal health, though proper use and patient adherence are crucial.MethodologyA comprehensive literature search was conducted using MeSH terms like “Gingivitis/prevention & control*”, “Dental Plaque/prevention & control*”, “Dentifrices”, “Electrical Equipment and Supplies*”, “Toothbrushing”, “Equipment Design”, “Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use”, “Oils, Volatile/therapeutic use”, “Dental Devices, Home Care”, “Dentifrices*/therapeutic use”, “Vibration”, “Gingivitis*/drug therapy”, “Gingivitis*/prevention & control”, “Gingival Hemorrhage/prevention & control”, “Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology”, “Chlorhexidine/pharmacology”, “Mouthwashes/pharmacology”, “Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology”, “Mouthwashes/therapeutic use”, “Anti-Infective Agents, Local*/therapeutic use”, “Mouthwashes/chemistry*”, “Plant Extracts/therapeutic use*”, “Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/therapeutic use*”, “Treatment Outcome”, “Oral Hygiene/methods”, “Toothpastes/therapeutic use*”, “Hyaluronic Acid/therapeutic use”, “Chronic Periodontitis*/therapy”, “Periodontal Attachment Loss/therapy”, “Probiotics*/therapeutic use”, “Oral Hygiene*”, “Periodontal Index” and so on. This search utilized PubMed and Google Scholar, restricted to English-language publications from 2018 to 2024. The screening process involved reviewing titles, abstracts, and keywords, focusing on randomized clinical trials only. Inclusion criteria focused on novel innovations in conventional oral hygiene methodologies. A total of 86 randomized clinical trial articles met the inclusion criteria.ResultsRecent innovations in traditional oral hygiene tools have markedly enhanced oral hygiene levels and patient compliance. These newer innovations demonstrate substantial efficacy in plaque control and gingival health. Clinical outcomes underscore their pivotal role in improving oral hygiene standards, promoting reduced gingivitis and enhanced patient adherence to oral care regimens.ConclusionAdvanced oral hygiene aids significantly improve gingival and periodontal health. However, patient adherence and correct usage are crucial for their optimal performance. Incorporating advanced oral hygiene aids into daily practices is essential for achieving optimal periodontal health, and continuous education is necessary to ensure their effective use.

Impact of Combined Exercise Rehabilitation and Continuous Health Education on the Quality of Life and Mental Health of Patients Post-Coronary Stent Implantation

Objective: To evaluate the impact of patient-centered exercise rehabilitation combined with continuous health education on the quality of life and mental health of patients after coronary stent implantation to provide effective rehabilitation intervention strategies and scientific evidence for clinical practice. Methods: This retrospective cohort investigation involved patients who underwent coronary stent implantation at our hospital between January 2021 to December 2022. The control group (n = 81) received routine post-operative follow-up and health education, while the observation group (n = 68) additionally received personalized exercise rehabilitation and continuous health education. The short form-36 (SF-36) scale was used to assess quality of life, while the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate mental health. The Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA) was used to assess self-care ability. Results: At 6 months post-operation, the observation group showed significantly higher scores than the control group across all dimensions of the SF-36 scale, SAS, SDS, and ESCA (p < 0.05). The observation group exhibited significantly improved quality of life, mental health, and enhanced self-care ability. Conclusion: Patient-centered exercise rehabilitation combined with continuous health education significantly positively impacts the quality of life and mental health of patients after coronary stent implantation. This comprehensive rehabilitation intervention strategy should be adopted in clinical practice to improve patient prognosis and quality of life.

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Tentang Penyakit Hipertensi Pada Lansia

Introduction: Based on data on the prevalence of hypertension in Tasikmalaya Regency in 2021, Most of the hypertension found in the elderly is isolated systolic blood pressure (HST), increased systolic pressure results in a high probability of stroke and myocardial infarction even if the diastolic pressure is within normal limits. Research shows that hypertension occupies 89% of cases of patients aged 45 to 80 years. The presence of hypertension, either HST or a combination of systolic and diastolic is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality for the elderly. Hypertension is still the biggest risk factor for a number of diseases, such as stroke, heart failure, coronary disease, where its role is estimated to be greater than in people who are younger. The purpose of this community service is for the elderly to understand more about hypertension. Objective: Participants in this activity totaled 41 people with an age range of 45 to 80 years Method: This community service goes through several methods and stages consisting of the preparation stage and the activity stage Result: Based on the results of the training, it was found that there was an increase in knowledge with an average increase in post-test results of 16.5 with the highest score in the post-test being 100. Conclusion: Based on community service, after initial treatment, namely by providing pharmacological treatment and non-pharmacological treatment, namely that after being given education, the number increased significantly. Continuous education is carried out to remind that hypertension is a chronic disease that results in complications and requires adherence to diet and drug management as well as changes in lifestyle that are carried out throughout his age.

Educational Center of the Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology

The results of the work of the educational center based on the Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Radiation Medicine and Human Ecology, the lead organization for the provision of specialized medical care to the population affected by the Chernobyl disaster, are presented. It is noted that the institution has created opportunities and provided optimal conditions for the actual receipt of continuous medical education.

Legal Culture and Disability Rights in Indonesian Islamic Higher Education: A Review of Practices

This research aims to examine disability rights in relation to Islamic universities in Indonesia, paying attention to the legal culture concerning equal opportunities for disabled people. As a qualitative study with an empirical legal research method, this research will therefore gather information from various sources to examine current practices concerning regulations, facilities, and academic and social support, and disability education in Islamic higher learning institutions. The findings indicate that there is a major disparity between the legislation and the realities on the field. Implementation of strategies is poor, and a number of strategies are even ineffectual. Lack of physical infrastructure, academic accommodations, and training on the disability topics are some of the main challenges regarding full inclusion. Based on the study findings, it is suggested to enhance and expand the existing policies that include all parties and policies based on Islamic values that support equality and social justice. The final section reiterates the call for the reform of institutional culture and the advocacy of continuous public education to achieve cultural change.

Effects of CEO Tenure and Education on Corporate Social and Environmental Performance: Evidence from Listed Firms on Namibia Stock Exchange

Given the increasing focus on sustainability and corporate responsibility, it is essential to comprehend the influence of CEO characteristics on the accomplishment of a company. The main objective of this research is to investigate the correlation between the length of time a CEO serves in their position, their level of education, company corporate social performance, and environmental performance. The study utilized a descriptive research design, employing a quantitative method by conducting a cross-sectional survey. The study sample comprised Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) from 52 publicly traded businesses, and the analysis was based on 39 collected responses. With the help of SPSS, a multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of CEO term of office and education on business social performance and environmental performance. The results indicate that CEO tenure has a favorable and substantial influence on environmental performance, whereas CEO education substantially influences corporate social performance. The results offer useful insights into the complex correlation between CEO characteristics and sustainability success. We propose policymakers to implement restrictions or recommendations for the length of time a CEO can hold their position and their educational qualifications. This will help ensure the efficient management of social and environmental responsibilities. Moreover, providing incentives for CEOs and high-level executives to participate in continuous education and training programs could boost their comprehension of social and environmental matters, ultimately leading to the implementation of enhanced sustainability practices within organizations.

Exploring educator perceptions and profiles in supporting culturally and linguistically diverse students integration in healthcare work environments – A cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe global shortage of healthcare workers, an ageing population, and increasing retirement within the healthcare workforce are causing social and healthcare systems to undergo significant internationalisation and cultural-linguistic diversification. Despite the crucial role educators play in imparting healthcare education and supporting the integration of professionals into these diverse environments, there is a lack of effective strategies and understanding to achieve this integration successfully. AimTo explore and understand how social and healthcare educators self-perceive their role in supporting the integration of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) students into healthcare working environments, and to identify whether these perceptions can be categorised into specific educator profiles. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in the spring of 2022 in Finland, collecting observational data from 59 social and healthcare educators across 15 universities of applied sciences providing nurse education to CALD students. Four instruments were developed to measure educators' perceptions of supporting students in healthcare work environment integration. K-means clustering analysis identified two distinct educator profiles, and statistically significant differences between these profiles were analysed using t-tests, Chi-square tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests. ResultsEducators perceived their highest strengths as ensuring equality for students (mean 3.81), possessing suitable characteristics (mean 3.78), and being culturally sensitive and aware (mean 3.73). They felt least confident in knowing their institution's integration practices (mean score of 2.43) and personally supporting cultural diversity among students (mean 2.93). Educators were classified into two profiles: less confident educators (mean 2.27–3.66) and confident educators (mean 2.58–3.94). Confident educators, who more effectively support CALD students, have been more involved in continuous education. ConclusionsContinuous education is critical for enhancing educators' confidence and effectiveness in supporting CALD students. Improved training and resources focused on institutional integration practices and personal support for cultural diversity are needed to address areas where educators feel less confident.

Oral care of intubated patients, challenging task of ICU nurses: a survey of knowledge, attitudes and practices

IntroductionPatients' health outcomes can be positively affected by the oral care provided by intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. Providing effective oral care for intubated patients is a challenging task. The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices(KAP) of oral care among ICU nurses for intubated patients, as well as the underlying factors that influence these behaviors.MethodThis cross-sectional survey was conducted on 200 nurses from adult ICUs in referral hospitals located in the central eighth area of healthcare management in Iran. The timeframe for data collection was April to June in 2023. Data were collected by questionnaires which consisted of four sections: demographic information, knowledge, attitudes and practices of oral care for intubated patients. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient was employed to determine the correlation between KAP and its main variables, which were distributed normally.ResultsThe result showed that nurses were 32.19 ± 6.23 years old, with an average total work experience of 8.91 ± 5.54 years and an average ICU work experience of 5.89 ± 4.31 years. The mean KAP score were17.66 ± 3.04, 15.46 ± 4.23, and 7.57 ± 2.21, respectively. The knowledge of nurses was significantly impacted by their level of education (p = 0.04), and an increase in work experience each year was associated with improved attitudes among nurses (p = 0.04). A significant association was found between the nurses' oral care practice, knowledge (p = 0.03), and attitude (p = 0.04).ConclusionThis study revealed that ICU nurses possess a moderate level of knowledge, a higher-than-average level of practice, and they have a favorable attitude towards giving oral care to intubated patients. Therefore, providing continuous education about oral care is essential for ICU nurses.

Cervical cancer screening practice and associated factors among female health care professionals in Ethiopia 2024: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundCervical cancer, ranking as the fourth most common gynecological cancer worldwide, claimed an estimated 570,000 lives and resulted in 311,000 new cases in 2018. This disease disproportionately affects those living in poverty and is more prevalent in countries with weak healthcare systems. Low and middle-income nations, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, face higher incidence and mortality rates due to limited access to vaccines, screening, and treatment. The world health organization recommends regular screening for women from age 25, setting a 90-70-90 target for low- and middle-income countries by 2030. Despite limited previous knowledge, the study aims to assess the pooled prevalence of cervical cancer screening practices and associated factors among female healthcare professionals in Ethiopia in 2024.ObjectiveThe study aimed to synthesize the existing literature on cervical cancer screening practice and associated factors among female health workers in Ethiopia.MethodsStudies were searched through the search engine of Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. Searching was made using Keywords/ MeSH terms Cervical cancer; utilization; Preventive practice. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q test and I2 statistics. A random-effects model with a 95% confidence interval was used for the pooled prevalence and odds ratio estimations.ResultSeven studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of cervical cancer screening practice among female health workers in Ethiopia was 18%. Work place(OR = 2.858;95% CI: 0.412, 5.305),knowledge(OR = 3.457; 95% CI: 2.314, 4.601), work experience(OR = 5.421; 95% CI:4.178,6.664),being diagnosed(OR = 10.787; 95% CI: 06.197,15.377) and ever cared of cervical cancer patient (OR = 2.93; 95% CI: 2.004, 3.856) were the pooled associated factors that are significantly associated with cervical cancer screening practice among female health care worker.ConclusionThe implementation of preventive measures for cervical cancer screening was found to be suboptimal. Our findings underscore the importance of enhancing awareness among this demographic, which is crucial in mobilizing local communities. It is imperative to provide continuous education to female health workers regarding cervical cancer. The Ministry of Health should collaborate with various organizations to ensure the accessibility of cost-effective screening services in all healthcare facilities.

The future of education in Preventive Cardiology. A Statement of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) of the ESC.

In recent years, major advances in our understanding of risk factors implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), in available tools for early detection of CVD, and in effective interventions to prevent subclinical or clinically manifest disease, have led to an increasing appreciation of prevention as a major pillar of cardiovascular medicine. Preventive cardiology has evolved into a dynamic sub-specialty focused on the promotion of cardiovascular health through all stages of life, and on the management of individuals at risk of developing CVD or experiencing recurrent cardiovascular events, through interdisciplinary care in different settings. As the level of knowledge, specialized skills, experience, and committed attitudes related to cardiovascular prevention has exceeded core cardiology training, the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) has placed major emphasis on continuous education and training of physicians and allied professionals involved in cardiovascular prevention, with the aim of setting standards for practice and improving quality of care. The EAPC recognizes the need for comprehensive educational offer across different levels of training (from core cardiology to sub-specialty to expert training) as well as the need for interdisciplinary approaches that will promote synergies among allied professionals involved in cardiovascular prevention. This statement by the EAPC aims to highlight current gaps and unmet needs, and to describe the framework to help standardize, structure, and deliver comprehensive, up-to-date, interactive, high-quality education using a combination of traditional and novel educational tools. The document aims to form the basis for ongoing refinements of the EAPC educational offer, with the ultimate goal to ensure that new evidence in the field will translate to better cardiovascular practice and improved outcomes for our patients.