Continuation-passing Research Articles

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE MANAGEMENT STYLE IN A GENERAL EDUCATION ORGANISATION AND TEACHERS’ PRONENESS TO CONFLICT

The article presents the results of a study on the relationship between the style of managing a general education organisation and teachers’ proneness to conflict. The research methods are: the methodology for determining the leadership style of a labour collective by V. P. Zakharov and A. L. Zhuravlev, the test “Self-assessment of Proneness to Conflict” by V. F. Ryakhovsky, the Conflict Mode Instrument methodology by K. Thomas, the methodology “Questionnaire for Determining the Conflictological Culture of Personality” by O. I. Shcherbakov. The analysis of the research results showed that the directive management style contributes to an increase in the level of conflict, while the collegial and permissive styles, on the contrary, contribute to the creation of a more harmonious atmosphere in interpersonal interaction.

Followers’ Regulatory Mode and Leadership Style Preferences: Does the Task Time Perspective Moderate Their Relation?

Leadership style preferences are in part shaped by differences in people’s self-regulation. However, research shows inconsistent findings regarding the relation between followers’ regulatory mode (locomotion – a need for maintaining movement and change; and assessment – a need for evaluating and critically comparing) and their preferences for directive versus participative leadership styles. The present research aimed to test whether a short-term versus long-term task time perspective moderates this relation, and as such whether time perspective might reconcile previous findings. In three preregistered studies, we measured participants’ regulatory mode and manipulated task time perspective by asking participants to recall short- versus long-term tasks they had completed in the past (Study 1, N = 304; Study 2, N = 373) or to imagine working in a company and having to complete short- versus long-term tasks (Study 3, N = 355). Participants then indicated their leadership style preferences for the respective task. Contrary to predictions, the results of all studies and an internal meta-analysis indicated that task time perspective does not moderate the relation between followers’ regulatory mode and their leadership styles preferences. However, independent of the task time perspective, followers’ locomotion mode was consistently and positively associated with a preference for participative leadership. The present findings point to the importance of taking into account followers’ regulatory mode when considering their leadership preferences. Indeed, considering locomotors’ participative leadership style preference is crucial to ensure leadership style fit and foster motivation at work.

CEILE: A Corpus of Free Indirect Style in Spanish—Structure, Development and Practical Application

Free indirect style is grammatically defined as a type of discourse typically used in literary texts which combines features of both direct and indirect style. Deictic elements corresponding to the narrator and to the characters overlap in free indirect style, with no specification as to whether the transcribed words refer to the former or the latter. Its unique aspects have caused some specialists to raise controversial issues in terms of characterising this structure. Part of the limitations of previous studies stem from the fact that they have been based on examples taken from specific works and authors, while more objective results could have been obtained if the principles of corpus linguistics had been relied upon, as the methodology allows research hypotheses to be based on meaningful samples of real language. However, the annotation of the existing language corpora for the study of the Spanish language prevents researchers from automatically retrieving samples of free indirect style. In order to bridge this gap, has been created a specific corpus of free indirect style called CEILE: Corpus de Estilo Indirecto Libre en Español (Corpus of Free Indirect Style in Spanish). CEILE has undergone three stages of development before reaching its current online version. This article describes how it has evolved over time, shows some possible uses and provides initial results obtained from its implementation, which significantly facilitates the analysis of this grammatical structure and its study in contrast to other reported speech procedures.

Subjective experiences of an acceptance and mindfulness-based group intervention (Feel-Good-Group) in young people with early psychosis.

Mindfulness-based interventions are promising psychological treatment approaches that may have more substantial long-lasting intervention effects than cognitive behavioral therapy when treating individuals with early psychosis. A pilot study analyzed mindfulness-based inpatient group therapy's feasibility and potential efficacy (Feel-Good). This paper explores the subjective experiences of participants in the Feel-Good inpatient therapy group to gain insight into the possible changes brought about by the mindfulness-based intervention. A semi-structured change interview was used to examine the experience of ten participants who participated in the Feel-Good intervention and the additional qualitative assessment. The interviews were conducted 16 weeks after the Feel-Good group ended (16-week Follow-Up). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. The analysis generated five themes-one about personal changes brought about by the Feel-Good group, three about the group therapy experience, and one about wishes/modification suggestions to change and improve the Feel-Good group. The findings suggested that the Feel-Good group was perceived as very helpful, leading to numerous changes in one's overall well-being and relation to emotions. However, patients recommended a more directive therapeutic style and reduced time required for study assessments. Gathering qualitative insight from participants on the Feel-Good intervention revealed meaningful insight into patients' experience of change processes. In addition, participant suggestions help to improve the intervention and study design to increase therapy attendance rates and treatment satisfaction, potentially increasing treatment effectiveness in the future. ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04592042.

Relationship between leadership style and committee effectiveness in secondary schools

This study explores how leadership styles, particularly the principal’s approach, influence organisational effectiveness in secondary schools, arguing that structured and supportive leadership fosters committee effectiveness, while laissez-faire or free-reign leadership may undermine collaboration, motivation, and decision-making, ultimately impacting school performance. A quantitative descriptive research design approach was employed. The study used a multistage sampling technique to select 313 participants from secondary schools in Zamfara State, Nigeria. The data collected was analysed using percentage and linear multiple regression analysis to test the hypotheses formulated at a 0.05 significance level. It was found that leadership styles (participatory and free-reign) had a significant negative relationship with the committee system effectiveness, while directive leadership style and committee system effectiveness did not have a significant relationship. Policymakers and educational authorities should address the resource constraints that limit the availability of welfare and feeding committees. School leaders should also adopt balanced management styles that incorporate clear directives and controls while allowing some level of participation and flexibility to foster a positive and effective committee system.

Adapting CLIP for Action Recognition via Dual Semantic Supervision and Temporal Prompt Reparameterization

The contrastive vision–language pre-trained model CLIP, driven by large-scale open-vocabulary image–text pairs, has recently demonstrated remarkable zero-shot generalization capabilities in diverse downstream image tasks, which has made numerous models dominated by the “image pre-training followed by fine-tuning” paradigm exhibit promising results on standard video benchmarks. However, as models scale up, full fine-tuning adaptive strategy for specific tasks becomes difficult in terms of training and storage. In this work, we propose a novel method that adapts CLIP to the video domain for efficient recognition without destroying the original pre-trained parameters. Specifically, we introduce temporal prompts to realize the object of reasoning about the dynamic content of videos for pre-trained models that lack temporal cues. Then, by replacing the direct learning style of prompt vectors with a lightweight reparameterization encoder, the model can be adapted to domain-specific adjustment to learn more generalizable representations. Furthermore, we predefine a Chinese label dictionary to enhance video representation by co-supervision of Chinese and English semantics. Extensive experiments on video action recognition benchmarks show that our method achieves competitive or even better performance than most existing methods with fewer trainable parameters in both general and few-shot recognition scenarios.

On the Operational Theory of the CPS-Calculus: Towards a Theoretical Foundation for IRs

The continuation-passing style translation often employed by compilers gives rise to a class of intermediate representation languages where functions are not allowed to return anymore. Though the primary use of these intermediate representation languages is to expose details about a program's control flow, they may be equipped with an equational theory in order to be seen as specialized calculi, which in turn may be related to the original languages by means of a factorization theorem. In this paper, we explore Thielecke's CPS-calculus, a small theory of continuations inspired by compiler implementations, and study its metatheory. We extend it with a sound reduction semantics that faithfully represents optimization rules used in actual compilers, and prove that it acts as a suitable theoretical foundation for the intermediate representation of Appel's and Kennedy's compilers by following the guidelines set out by Plotkin. Finally, we prove that the CPS-calculus is strongly normalizing in the simply typed setting by using a novel proof method for reasoning about reducibility at a distance, from which logical consistency follows. Taken together, these results close a gap in the existing literature, providing a formal theory for reasoning about intermediate representations.

Automated Verification of Higher-Order Probabilistic Programs via a Dependent Refinement Type System

Verification of higher-order probabilistic programs is a challenging problem. We present a verification method that supports several quantitative properties of higher-order probabilistic programs. Usually, extending verification methods to handle the quantitative aspects of probabilistic programs often entails extensive modifications to existing tools, reducing compatibility with advanced techniques developed for qualitative verification. In contrast, our approach necessitates only small amounts of modification, facilitating the reuse of existing techniques and implementations. On the theoretical side, we propose a dependent refinement type system for a generalised higher-order fixed point logic (HFL). Combined with continuation-passing style encodings of properties into HFL, our dependent refinement type system enables reasoning about several quantitative properties, including weakest pre-expectations, expected costs, moments of cost, and conditional weakest pre-expectations for higher-order probabilistic programs with continuous distributions and conditioning. The soundness of our approach is proved in a general setting using a framework of categorical semantics so that we don’t have to repeat similar proofs for each individual problem. On the empirical side, we implement a type checker for our dependent refinement type system that reduces the problem of type checking to constraint solving. We introduce admissible predicate variables and integrable predicate variables to constrained Horn clauses (CHC) so that we can soundly reason about the least fixed points and samplings from probability distributions. Our implementation demonstrates that existing CHC solvers developed for non-probabilistic programs can be extended to a solver for the extended CHC with only small efforts. We also demonstrate the ability of our type checker to verify various concrete examples.

The sound of war: A comparison between Apocalypse Now (1979) and Farha (2021)

For a long time, filmmakers have used war movies as a potent tool for probing the human condition, the results of battle, and the psychological effects of war on individuals and communities. While Apocalypse Now (1979) by Francis Ford Coppola and Farha (2021) by the contemporary director Darin Sallam both explore the raw reality of battle, they were made decades apart. In this comparison, we will look at how both movies use sound to express the fright and tragedy of battle. This study examines the political context, setting, style of music, style of direction, and conclusion of two war films and finds many points of similarity between them. The argument made in this report is that regardless of the historical and contextual distinctions between the Vietnam War and the Palestinian Nakba, Apocalypse Now and Farha successfully portray the experiences of people and the long-lasting effects of war, surpassing the particular actual incidents they present.

Effective Leadership Achieves Organizational Goals in Indonesia

This study examines the crucial role of leadership in achieving organizational goals at the Food and Agriculture Office of Sidoarjo Regency. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using the Interactive Data Model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. Findings show that effective leadership—particularly directive, participative, and supportive styles—significantly contributes to achieving organizational goals by providing direction, guidance, and support, involving subordinates in decision-making, and recognizing their performance. This research highlights the importance of appropriate leadership practices in enhancing organizational performance. Highlight: Leadership styles boost organizational performance: directive, participative, supportive. Data collected through observation, interviews, documentation; analyzed interactively. Leaders guide, support, involve in decisions, recognize performance. Keywoard: Leadership, Organizational Goals, Qualitative Research, Sidoarjo Regency, Food and Agriculture Office

Seismic Performance Analysis of Endo Indonesia Office Surabaya Building Structures Against Structural Irregularities

The structure of the building will be stable if the response of the structure is able to ignore the static and dynamic loads. The behavioral stability of the building structure is also influenced by geometry, configuration of horizontal and vertical elements, rigidity, lateral ability, and daktility of the structure. (Khanal Chaulagain, 2020). When the structure configuration of the building is irregular, there will be eccentricity which means that the center of the mass is incorrectly at the centre of rigidity (Faisal Darsono, 2019). If such conditions are not anticipated, the structure will be tortured until it eventually collapses. (Naveen dkk., 2019). In Surabaya there are office buildings that have irregular structures. This research will model the structure of the building into five variations. Each variation has a reduction in the value of structural irregularity. Next, we will examine the impact of structural irregularities on the reaction of structures of buildings. The results of the analysis showed that the irregularity of the inner angle had a significant impact on the shift of the roof, with the R-square of 0.9025 in the X axis and 0.9872 in the Y axis. Furthermore, based on the value of the soft level rigidity to the earthquake style at each level, R-quares of 0.8433 were found at the X-axis, and 0.825 at the Y-axe. Furthermore, changes in the inner angle of variations 2, 3, 4, and 5 resulted in successive increases in the mass of the structure by 0.18%, 4.09%, 7.86%, and 0.43%. These increases result in an increase in the basic sliding style in both directions. The variation 5 building designed without an inner angle showed an increase of 0.46% in the base sling style in either direction. Movement targets based on ASCE 41-13 NSP are 321.903 mm and 308.497 mm for the X and Y directions, respectively, which are in the Life Safety and Immediate Occupancy categories. While the total maximum drift values based on ATC-40 for the x and y directions are 0.0148 and 0.0150. The performance of the existing building structure is between B to C on the level of damage control (Immediate Occupancy to Life Safety), which means the building has suffered minor non-structural damage and may suffer structural damage but can still be repaired.

The impact of different game formats on players’ and team performance in youth soccer competitions

The study aimed to investigate the impact of game formats on the running and technical–tactical performance of young soccer players, as well as on players’ dynamics of spatial occupation during competitions. Eleven players of a U-11 team (11.10 ± 0.39 years old) participated in three competitions specifically designed to analyze the impact of different game formats: 5vs5 (F-5), 7vs7 (F-7) and 11vs11 (F-11). Players’ running performance and dynamics of spatial occupation were analyzed using the GPSs devices from WIMU PRO™ devices (10 Hz). Players’ and team's technical–tactical performance was also analyzed using the Team Sports Assessment Procedure (TSAP) and the Offensive Sequence Characterization System (SCSO), respectively. It was observed that the teams tended to adopt a less direct style in the F-11 ( LpW: F7 vs. F-11 p = 0.001 and F-5 vs. F-11 p = 0.002), with a lower rate of spatial exploration (F-7 vs. F-11 p = 0.001 and &&F-5 vs. F-11 p = 0.001) and lower running demand ( Sprint: F-7 vs. F-11 p = 0.001 and F-5 vs. F-11 p = 0.014; HSR: F-7 vs. F-11 p = 0.001 and F-5 vs. F-11 p = .001). In addition, the F-11 allowed the players to have less involvement during the match (F-7 vs. F-11 p = 0.003; F-5 vs. F-11 p = 0.001), as well as a lower technical–tactical performance (F-7 vs. F-11 p = .003 and F-5 vs. F-11 p = .005). Our results highlight the importance of adjusting the game formats used in youth competitive environments to players’ intrinsic dynamics.

(053) SOCIOSEXUAL SKILLS INVENTORY: CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION

Abstract Introduction Casual sexual relationships can be a way to achieve sexual pleasure without the need to establish bonds or succumb to pressures typical of a romantic relationship. However, despite the erotic satisfaction obtained, Casual Sex (CS) is associated with sexual risks such as sexually transmitted infections, abuse, harassment, unwanted pregnancy, and regret. In this regard, the scientific literature explicates that Social Skills (SS) are associated with promoting sexual health and preventing problems such as those aforementioned. Thus, the acquisition of SS can function as protection in CS contexts, contributing to self-protection and better performance. Consequently, in a previous study, the Sociosexual Skills Inventory (SSSI) was developed, a psychological assessment instrument that identifies SS in the context of seeking CS. The instrument has two factors that reveal direct and indirect approaches. Objective To confirm the internal structure and seek new validity indicators for the SSSI. Methods 374 young adults aged 18 to 29 (M = 23.37 and SD = 2.79) participated. The SSSI, the Love Styles Inventory (LSI), and the Condom Use Self-Efficacy Scale (CUSES) were administered. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted using JASP 0.16.2 software, and correlation analyses between the instruments were performed. All participants signed the Informed Consent Form, and the project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results Two different models were tested through CFA, one with 18 items (as per the original instrument) (χ2: 269.204; df: 134; χ2/df: 2.01; TFI: 0.966; TLI: 0.961; RMSEA: 0.052) and the other with the suppression of items 8 and 10 (factor loadings of 0.34 and 0.17 respectively), with 16 items (χ2: 194.567; df: 103; χ2/df: 1.89; TFI: 0.976; TLI: 0.971; RMSEA: 0.049). The second was considered more suitable for excluding two items with loadings below 0.40, presenting better fit indices, and being theoretically more coherent. The final 16-item model maintained the two-factor structure: 1) Direct Sociosexual Skills (DSSS) (α = 0.81; ω = 0.82) and 2) Indirect Sociosexual Skills (ISSS) (α = 0.78; ω = 0.79). Regarding Pearson Correlation analysis, DSSS correlated with the Skill (0.18) and Assertiveness (0.20) dimensions of CUSES and with the Direct (0.65) and Subtle (0.53) styles of LSI; whereas ISSS correlated with Skill (0.15), STI (-0.12), and Assertiveness (0.23) dimensions of CUSES and Direct (0.52) and Subtle (0.65) Love Styles. Conclusions It was possible to verify that the SSSI remains with the internal factorial structure almost unchanged and with more validity indicators. Thus, it is noted that the instrument can be used by psychologists and researchers to evaluate the repertoire of SS for approaches in favor of CS, as well as possible behavioral problems that may contribute to sexual risks and the approach style employed in these contexts. Disclosure No.

Implementation of leadership style to improve the quality of health services in hospitals: Literature review

Hospitals are health care institutions or agencies that organize comprehensive individual health services by providing inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services. The organization of the hospital is expected to provide affordable, quality health services, and optimal results to obtain high quality health service results. Achieving good hospital service quality can be achieved through good team performance as well. In the preparation of good team performance, it is necessary to choose the right leadership style in an organization. The organization in achieving its goals requires the function and role of the leader. The purpose of this study was to identify the implementation of leadership styles that can improve the quality of health services in hospitals. The method of research in this study is a qualitative research design with a literature study. Articles were searched through three data sources, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the keywords "leadership style" AND "hospital quality". The articles used were published in the last five years, from 2019 to 2023. The study was limited to quantitative and qualitative research methods, but there were no restrictions on specific regions or countries. The results of the study found that the leadership style used can improve the quality of health services in hospitals. The quality of human resource performance is one of the main factors in improving the quality of service in hospitals. There are many leadership styles implemented in hospitals, including democratic, transformational, transactional, authentic, and directive leadership styles. The application of leadership styles must be adjusted to the conditions of the team members.

Exploring collaboration reasons and leadership styles in Dutch primary oral healthcare practices

AimsTo outline the extent to which practice owners in Dutch oral healthcare practices (OHPs) use a directive and supportive leadership styles, to map out which goals practice owners in Dutch OHPs consider most important when choosing collaboration within the practice and to identify the reasons why oral healthcare professionals choose to engage in collaborative practice.Materials and methodsA survey involving 802 general dental practitioners, dental hygienists, and prevention assistants was conducted. The questionnaire covered, among other subjects, leadership styles and reasons for collaboration. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, one-way ANOVA, linear regression, and logistic regression.ResultsCompared to employees, practice owners ascribe to themselves more characteristics of both directive and supportive leadership. The most frequently mentioned reasons for choosing a practice form that involves collaboration were the possibilities to provide the best care and the desire to focus on prevention. Healthcare providers chose to work in a collaborative practice for several reasons, which were associated with profession, age and gender.ConclusionsThe degree of directive and supportive leadership among practice owners in dental care practices in the Netherlands showed a strong correlation. The most frequently mentioned reasons for choosing collaboration were related to healthcare content.

Supervision Models and Supervisory Feedback in English Language Teacher Education: A Meta-Synthesis Study Adopting a Discourse Analytic Perspective

This meta-synthesis reviewed and synthesized the findings of 53 studies on supervisory post-conferences and feedback with a total of 807 participants published between 2004-2023. The aim of this meta-synthesis was to illustrate the trends in the reviewed studies and synthesize the results of the studies on supervisory discourse and models of supervision in the field of English language teaching. The criteria for eligibility for selection were being empirical, peer-reviewed, and published in English. Articles were scanned through the Web of Science, ERIC, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar till July, 2023. The studies lacking a report of detailed and clear-cut data collection and analysis phases were removed in the appraisal phase to avoid a risk of bias. The results indicated that supervisors implemented directive supervisory styles as well as collaborative approaches exploiting power dynamics such as expert power. The findings also showed that the use of conversational techniques such as mediation, mitigators, and elicitation in supervisory talk play a central role in supervising English language teachers. The results suggested that supervised teachers demonstrated confronting, autonomous, and fluid identities when faced with a directive style of supervision. The limitations of evidence for this study related the search strategy, participants and variations in educational settings.

How to win in FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022? A study on the configurations of technical and tactical indicators based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.

The FIFA World Cup, which represents the highest level in football, is regarded as a showcase to unfold the development trends of modern football, thus arousing great interest among researchers. However, most of the previous research designs studied the simple linear correlation between technical indicators and game outcomes, which may overlook the complex causalities in football performance. The aim of current study was to introduce a new method to examine winning patterns emerging from Qatar 2022 through a configurational lens. To this end, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was conducted using 98 samples (n = 98) out of 49 Qatar 2022 matches discriminating winning and losing teams in regular time (group stage) and in 30 min of extra time (knockout stage). Then, we selected seven variables as our causal conditions, namely, shots on target, possession, defensive line breaks, crosses, receptions in the final third, forced turnovers, and direct pressures. Necessity analysis and sufficiency analysis of configurations were conducted according to fsQCA requirements. The fsQCA operation showed that no individual causal condition is necessary to winning a game and four configurations were derived from the QCA results and these combinations of conditions fall into three typologies of play style: a possession play style, direct play style, and all-round play style. The results confirmed the fact that football is a complex system and suggested that a winning outcome is often produced by combinations of multiple factors. The findings of the current study contribute to the literature by introducing the configurations of various technical and tactical indicators that could raise the possibility of winning and can be used by practitioners working within the fields of player development, coaching, and match preparation.

Interpreters’ choice of style in interpreted lawyer-client interviews: An ethnographic approach

While professional interpreters are trained to interpret in direct speech style, using the “direct interpreting approach” (Hale 2007), studies show that some interpreters deviate from this style, with implications for their role performance. Few of these studies, however, have examined the interpreters’ style choice in relation to their professional qualifications and ethics. Drawing on data from an ethnographic investigation of interpreted lawyer-client interviews in Australia, this study explores interpreters’ choice of interpreting style in line with their professional qualifications, the reasons behind their choice and the implications for their role performance. It found that trained interpreters used direct speech consistently and understood the rationale behind this ethical requirement. Untrained interpreters either ignored this norm or had difficulty adhering to direct speech style and its associated interpreting approach in a consistent manner. They shifted to reported speech on various occasions to achieve different communication purposes, some of which indicate their assumption of roles not stipulated in their professional ethics. The untrained interpreters’ lack of compliance with the normative practice relates to their inadequate understanding of some aspects of the interpreter’s ethical role.

THE EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP STYLES ON ENABLING TEAM EFFECTIVENESS FOR MULTIPLE TEAM MEMBERSHIPS

The prevalence of multiple team membership (MTM) in the modern organisation results from the need of an organisation to be efficient with its resources so that the desired efficiency is achieved. This study investigates the effect of leadership styles (transactional, transformational, directive, and laissez-faire) on enabling team effectiveness in the context of MTM. The team effectiveness criteria used are team viability, team processes, and quality of group experience. The data was collected through online questionnaires from 53 individuals in a mining organisation. The results showed a positive relationship between the transactional leadership style and all three criteria of team effectiveness, whereas the directive leadership style indicated a negative relationship with those criteria. Transformational leadership showed a positive impact only on the quality of group experience. Based on the results, it is recommended that transactional leadership styles be adopted for team effectiveness in the context of MTM for similar organisations.

Мовні засоби маніпуляції в рекламі на українських Telegram-каналах

Background. With the increasing access to the internet among Ukrainians, mass media is transitioning from traditional methods of disseminating information to modern ones, such as social media channels and chatbots. This article investigates the linguistic tools of manipulation in advertisements on Ukrainian Telegram channels, focusing on “Times of Ukraine”, “Real Ukraine | Radar Alarm”, and “HK Kyiv”. Methods. The study encompasses over 950,000 word usages, including 1,200 advertising announcements, analyzed through linguistic research methods of analysis and synthesis. Results. The research identified consistent use of directive style, emotionally charged lexicon, iconic signs (emojis), appeals to authority, omission of primary sources, hyperbolization, capitalization (writing in all caps), bold highlighting of certain phrases, implications of fear and urgency, calls to action, and persuasive tactics through quantification (in case of presenting statistical data) by the authors of the advertising texts. Emotionally charged language was a characteristic feature across the corpus. The authors frequently utilized affective lexicon that resonates with the audience's feelings, enhancing the persuasiveness of the messages. Furthermore, strategic appeals to authority through references to influential figures or institutions were identified as tactics to establish and/or strengthen trust in the information source. The analysis also revealed an overuse of the technique of omitting the primary source by the authors, which undermines the credibility of such messages. The study also demonstrated the use of hyperbolic expressions designed to create an enhanced sense of urgency and compel the reader to act in favor of the Telegram channel. Conclusion. The findings highlight the need to increase the level of media literacy among digital content consumers. The implications of these findings are manifold. Not only do they shed light on the rhetorical sophistication within social media landscapes, but they also provide empirical data to inform the development of educational initiatives and digital tools aimed at empowering users to navigate the complexities of online information. The research thereby contributes to the growing body of knowledge in cognitive and behavioral responses to online communication, underpinning strategies for resisting manipulative messages and fostering information hygiene in the digital age.