Contextual Strategy Research Articles

Application of Contextual Strategy with Audio Visual Media to Increase Interest in Learning Indonesian Language in Students

In learning Indonesian, the study of practical problems regarding language in everyday life is very useful for a child or student in living and living now and in the future. With the hope that these students will later be able to realize and understand that they cannot live without the contribution of language in every action, but living in a large environment is very difficult when the language used is not appropriate to the context, if you want to live a decent life then language is one of the tools to be able to connect good communication with others. The next problem is related to the choice and learning approach, which has not generated much student activity and creativity. This is because they still often use conventional approaches, where learning is centered on the teacher, so that students become passive. If the learning can activate students, it will be interesting and the large amount of material can be quickly absorbed by students. Because they are enthusiastic, want to learn seriously. Based on the problem above, we are interested in implementing a contextual learning model which is seen as being able to help students be active in learning and teaching activities. The aim of this research is to find out the influence of contextual learning on increasing students' interest in learning Indonesian. To find out whether there is an increase in students' interest in learning Indonesian. To determine the simultaneous influence of contextual learning and student interest in learning on the learning achievement of class IX students at SMP Negeri 3 Bawolato. The method used in this research is a quantitative method by applying an experimental approach to class IX students at SMP Negeri 3 Bawolato, data collection using research instruments, (1) attention to learning, (2) participation in learning activities, (3) effort in completing assignments, (4) interest in learning material. The results of the research show that there is a simultaneous influence of contextual learning and student interest in learning on the learning achievement of class IX students at SMP Negeri 3 Bawolato. Students' perceptions of the contextual learning model have a greater effective contribution to increasing students' interest in learning Indonesian, although not yet to its full potential.

Research promotion strategies to enhance research productivity in Tanzanian higher educational institutions

AbstractThere are low levels of research productivity among higher education institutions (HEIs) in Africa, which will likely compromise the continent's development agenda if not addressed. This study intends to develop a research framework to create a strategic roadmap that leverages leadership perspectives to foster a thriving research culture and contribute meaningfully to Tanzania's growth and development. We conducted a qualitative study involving higher education policy makers, senior university officials and academic staff from four sampled universities and two non‐university institutions that regulate Tanzania's higher education sector. The secondary data sources supported us in assessing the current state of research in Tanzanian HEI and the way forward. A thematic analysis revealed seven themes: research governance; capacity development strategy; reinforcement strategy; collaboration, networking and teamwork; establishment of research centres; dissemination strategy; and institutionalisation of research activities that can increase research productivity in the Tanzanian HEI context. This research adds to the literature on HEIs by identifying contextual strategy that can enhance research promotion in Tanzania and guide other African countries. In today's global information economy, research production is critical to the viability of HEIs and national development. This research aims to equip HEI leaders with a customised framework to help them direct their institutions towards research excellence and innovation.Context and implicationsRationale for this studyTanzania recognises the pivotal role of research in achieving socioeconomic objectives. The research productivity of higher education institutions (HEIs) is crucial in addressing local issues and fulfilling national agenda.Why the new findings matterThe findings reveal novel strategies for promoting research and how institutionalising them will enhance research engagement and productivity.ImplicationsThe research framework acts as a strategic guide for HEI policy makers that informs on how to encourage faculty and scholars and generate a better research output. The study shows how HEIs can institutionalise research, making it a part of its culture and mindset. The study has implications for the authorities and government bodies also, as the research productivity has a socio‐economic impact on national development.

STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KONTEKSTUAL

Many factors influence the success of the learning process, including language learning. Student problems in learning language Arabic is students still need a long time to learn andimplement Arabic. Contextual learning model (contextual teaching and learning) is present in this era with the aim of helping students understand the meaning of teaching materials and relate them to the context of everyday life. The purpose of this study is to discuss in depth the theory of strategy contextual learning in learning Arabic. Deep data source. This research is a variety of literature books, journals, scientific papers, and also other documents both in physical and digital form are reviewed regarding contextual strategy. Data analysis techniques used in research this is a data analysis technique according to Matthew B. Miles and A. Michael Huberman which consists of 4 stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion

Facilitators and barriers to professional nurses implementing integrated services in urban primary health care clinics in Kavango East region, Namibia.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has advocated for the implementation of people-centred and integrated health services. Although there is growing evidence of integration's benefits for sexual and reproductive health, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and rights, health services face tremendous resource constraints when it comes to integrating these services. The aim of study was to explore and describe the facilitators and barriers to professional nurses implementing the person-centred model of integrated services in urban primary health care clinics in the Kavango East region, Namibia. We interviewed professional nurses from urban primary health care clinics in low-resourced settings in Rundu health district, Kavango East region, Namibia. This study employed a qualitative approach utilising an explorative, descriptive and contextual strategy. Semistructured interviews were used to collect the data. Fifteen participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded, before the data were analysed using thematic analysis. The data analysis led to the emergence of the following four themes: understanding integrated services; facilitators for implementing integrated services; barriers to the implementation of integrated services; and improvement measures for implementing integrated services. Findings showed that the implementation of integrated services faces many barriers, which are related to lack of human resources skills, a lack of essential supplies and space constraints. These findings will hopefully create an awareness and understanding of the facilitators and barriers that professional nurses face in the implementation of integrated services for urban primary health care in the Namibian urban context.Contribution:The study's findings can be used to develop strategies and ongoing interventions that focus on addressing the barriers professional nurses face in the implementation of integrated services in both urban and rural primary health care settings.

Target-the-Two: a lab-in-the-field experiment on routinization

The paper investigates the cognitive determinants of routinization and creativity by means of a lab-in-the-field experiment run at the 20th edition of a mass gathering festival in Italy (“La Notte della Taranta”). Subjects play repeatedly the puzzle version of the Target-The-Two game (32 hands). In hands 1-16, the strategy that is optimal given the card distribution is always the same and it is the easiest to be discovered. Conversely, in hands 17-32, subjects are exposed to games where the optimal contextual strategy may differ from the one with which they have been made familiar. We investigate whether and how, in hands 17-32, subjects remain routinized on the familiar strategy, or creatively choose a different one. We define as “experts” those subjects who played the optimal contextual strategy in the overwhelming majority of hands 1-16. In hands 17-32, we find several subjects playing the familiar strategy even when it is not the optimal one, regardless of whether they are experts or not. This shows that routinization is deep-rooted in the cognitive individual process. Furthermore, routinization pays off only for inexpert subjects: creative inexpert subjects are slower and they fail to find the optimal contextual strategy in several hands. Among expert subjects instead, creative subjects, although still slower, need less moves than routinized ones to find the optimal contextual strategy.

Online ACT Matrix Parent Training for Japanese-Speaking Mothers with Distress in the United States.

Cultural stigma, shame, self-concealment, and language and socio-economic barriers often keep Asian immigrant parents and children away from mental and behavioral services in the United States. Research shows that increased levels of parent distress suggest a negative impact on parenting practices and correlate child-maltreatment. Therefore, this study aimed to test one functionally contextual strategy to address such issues. The current study evaluated the effects of an online Acceptance and Commitment Training (ACT) Matrix for Japanese-speaking mothers living the United States. A nonconcurrent multiple baseline single-subject design across four mothers was used to assess the effect of ACT Matrix on value-driven behaviors, parental engagement (session attendance and daily assignment completion), parental distress, and psychological flexibility. The study consisted of a baseline, treatment (three ACT Matrix treatment sessions adapted from the six-step protocol), maintenance, and follow-up phases. A visual analysis reporting level, trend, variability, immediacy of change and overlap was used to identify a functional relation between the treatment and observable overt behaviors of value-driven behaviors and daily assignment completion. In addition, a non-overlap of all pairs was used to measure effect sizes for these behaviors. For psychological flexibility and parental distress, we used the reliable change index to assess whether clinically significant improvement occurred or not. The results revealed that the online ACT Matrix parent training program was effective in improving all four dependent variables. Mothers reported that the training was culturally sensitive, effective, and acceptable. The details of findings and the implications for future research as preventive science are discussed.

Aceh’s Local Elite Power Strategy

This paper aims to see how the strategy of local elites in gaining power in village government in Aceh. In this case, Acehnese local elites, former members of the Free Aceh Movement (GAM), have economic and political advantages over other communities because they have networks within the Free Aceh Movement organization down to the grassroots. The qualitative method with the case study approach was used in this research. The findings of this study revealed that local Acehnese elites used the connections of fellow GAM members in the government as a strategy to seize economic and political resources in the village. They contested in the village head election (keuchik) and competed to become village government officials after knowing the number of village funds managed by the village through general elections and even through direct appointment as interim village head officials. This study concludes with four main strategies for gaining power in government in the village. The main strategies are (1) successful team consolidation, (2) segmentation, targeting, and positioning, (3) candidate image, and (4) Aceh's contextual strategy in the form of a network of the former Free Aceh Movement in gaining political power at the village level in Aceh.

Momentary Emotion Goals and Spontaneous Emotion Regulation in Daily Life: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study of Desire for High Versus Low Arousal Positive Emotion

Recent research has highlighted that emotion regulation strategy use varies both between and within people, and specific individual and contextual differences shape strategy use. Further, use of specific emotion regulation strategies relates to a wide array of differential outcomes, including mental health and behavior. Emotion goals (desire for a given emotion state) are thought to play a particularly important role in shaping people’s use of emotion regulation strategies; yet, surprisingly little is known about whether and how momentary emotion goals predict spontaneous strategy use in daily life. In the present investigation, we examined whether ideal desire for high versus low arousal positive affect was associated with subsequent use of specific emotion regulation strategies. Undergraduate participants (final N = 101) completed ecological momentary assessments (final ks = 1,932 for contemporaneous analyses, 1,386 for time-lagged analyses) of their momentary experienced affect, momentary desire for high versus low arousal positive affect, and emotion regulation. Desire for higher arousal predicted greater use of three disengagement strategies: distraction, expressive suppression, and experiential suppression. None of these strategies, though, were associated with sustained enhancement of high arousal (or low arousal) positive affect. These findings point to a possible disconnect between the strategies that people tend to use when they want to feel more arousal and the affective outcomes associated with use of those strategies.

Combining morphological and contextual strategy instruction to enhance word learning

Effects of a 28-lesson teacher-delivered vocabulary program aimed at enhancing word learning in Danish 4th graders are reported. The program had a combined focus on morphological and contextual strategies that may support word learning during independent reading of school texts. Students in experimental classes progressed more than controls on trained skills, and they scored significantly higher on most posttest measures of word learning. Unexpectedly, effects on word learning were largest for morphologically opaque words. For transparent words, experimental students tended to ignore context clues and rely solely on morphological information. We conclude that the combination of morphological and contextual strategies has the potential to enhance word learning if the challenge of integrating the two strategies is overcome.

Formation of analytical competence in students of international economics by means of project technologies

Introduction. Against the background of the ongoing adaptation to the changing requirements of the business environment and increased competition in the pandemic environment, the properly formed analytical competence of international economist comes to the fore; at the same time, no research promoting favourable pedagogical conditions necessary for the formation of this competence by means of project technologies has been undertaken. The aim of this study is to test a set of project technologies aimed at shaping the analytical competence in international economics students. Research methods. The empirical basis of the research is represented by the results of long-term observation and the findings of group questioning involving 56 second-to-fifth year students majoring in “World Economy”, “Customs” and “International Tourism Management” at the “International Relations” faculty of Belarusian State University. Additionally, the results of the follow-up analysis and its substantial interpretation addressing the problem of formation of analytical thinking in international economists were taken into account. The Mann-Whitney U test implemented in the STATISTICA 6.0 statistical package was used to establish statistically significant differences between the groups. Results. The main problem in the formation of international economists’ analytical competence was a minor number of practical assignments. The authorly projects “Comparative analysis of competitiveness and investment attractiveness of Finland, Germany, Poland as a success map for Belarus” and “Development of tourist destination on the basis of village Priluki” were developed. At the control stage, statistically significant differences in analytical competence of students of the control and experimental groups were revealed in terms of cognitive knowledge, contextual strategy and targeted activity sub-components (p<0.05). Conclusion. The project technologies developed and realised by the authors in the course of educational activities can be used by universities training international economists and other specialists within the bachelor training courses. The model realisation mechanisms can be used in extensive university practice by teachers concerned about the development of analytical competence.

Developing a tailored strategy for mobile applications’ adoption across diffusion levels: A panel data analysis

This paper proposes that there should be contextual strategy development of applications’ diffusion based on the stage of mobile applications (apps) adoption already reached in a country. This is because as apps diffusion grows, the demand and supply constraints challenging the adoption of apps will change accordingly. A total of 77 countries are categorized into three clusters, Initial, Fast-Adoption, and Maturity, grouped by their adoption rates and the speeds over four-years from 2014 to 2017. With pooled and fixed-effect panel data models, this paper examines which variables out of 22 independent variables are effective in enhancing apps adoption globally. Further, by interacting two dummy clusters, Initial and Maturity with determinant variables, the study identifies the differential policy effectiveness of each determinant factor on apps adoption. The paper concludes that the three stages of apps diffusion levels have their respective effective strategy choice sets: 11 for Initial stage, 12 for Fast-adoption stage, and 13 for Maturity stage, suggesting that countries should develop their mobile apps inclusiveness strategy tailored to their context of apps adoption.

Guiding children in learning subtraction by using contextual strategy: as an attempt to develop students’ number sense

Subtraction operations are basic number operations that have been introduced to students at the 2nd grade of elementary school. Several studies have shown that this topic is difficult for students to understand and causes many problems in learning of numbers. Students’ constraints in performing this subtraction operation usually occur when subtracting two numbers in tens, hundreds, or more or numbers containing 0. One of the procedures that teachers often teach students in solving the problem of subtracting two numbers is borrowing techniques. This technique is often seen as forced and very abstract to students. This study aims to describe how students thinking in performing subtraction on numbers through more contextual strategies that they understand. This study used a single-subject research design with multiple baselines across individuals (n = 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of the measures performed. The intervention observed in this study was to use the number of subtraction technique with a different contextual strategy between the two subjects. The results indicate that the two contextual strategies used show a positive effect on understanding the number subtraction operation. The results also showed that subtraction without borrowing (not using formulas) made students more creative in solving the subtraction problem.

Being realistic and demanding the impossible

Characterising realism by contrasting it with moralism leaves open several questions to do with realism’s practical import. If political judgment is not to be derived — exclusively or at all — from pre-political moral commitments, what scope is there for genuinely normative political thinking? And even if there is some scope for political normativity, does realism’s reliance on interpretations of political practices condemn it to some form of status quo bias? In this paper I address those questions. My main aim is to assuage some worries about realism’s alleged conservative tendencies. I argue that there is an important sense in which realists can support radical and even unachievable political change — one can be realistic and demand the impossible, as the soixante- huitard slogan goes. To see how that may be the case one needs to characterise realism by contrasting it with both non-ideal theory and utopianism. In a nutshell, realism differs from non- ideal theory because it need not be concerned with feasibility constraints, and it differs from utopianism because it eschews detailed blueprints of the perfect polity.

THE EFFECT OF USING CONTEXTUAL REDEFINITION STRATEGY ON STUDENTS� READING NARRATIVE TEXT OF ELEVENTH GRADE AT SMA N 8 MEDAN

This study aimed to see the result of students�s achievement in reading narrative text with applyaing Contextual Redefinition Strategy. The population of the study was the elevent grade students of SMA N 8 Medan on 2019/2020 with the total number is 180 students. Two classes were taken as the sample they were IX IPA 4 and IX IPA 5. The experimental group was taught by using Contextual Redefinition while the control group (IX IPA 5) was taught by using conventional method. The instrument of collecting data was multiple choice test. The data were analyzed by using t-test. Based on the data, it was found that the students� score improved from pre-test and post-test in experimental class. The result shoe that t-observed is higher that t-table value (2.9> 1.671) at the level significance 0,05 and the degree of freedom is 58. Therefore, it can be concluded that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (Ha) ia accepted. Based on the research result, there is a significant effect of using Contextual redefinition strategy in eading Narrative test of Eleventh Grade Students� at SMA N 8 Medan.

Nurturing Conservation - Minded Behavior of Students of Agricultural Mechanization Program, Vocational School using Contextual Learning Strategy

This study aims to figure out: (1) the implementation of contextual learning strategy in environmental education course; (2) the learning outcomes of the environmental education using contextual learning strategy during the debriefing of the internship program; (3) conservation-minded behavior of the internship program participants; (4) the contribution of the environmental education learning outcomes using the contextual strategy in the internship program briefing on the conservation – minded behavior. The study was conducted at SMK N 1 Bawen and industry in Semarang and its surrounding districts in 2018. The data on the implementation of contextual strategy during the internship program debriefing were gathered using an observation sheet. The learning outcomes of the implementation of the contextual strategy in environmental education course during the debriefing of the internship program were gathered using a test sheet and the data on the conservation-minded behavior of the internship program participants were gathered using an observation sheet. Data analysis was conducted using the descriptive analysis and simple regression. This results of the study showed that; (1) the contextual strategy was implemented by providing additional materials during the environmental education course; (2) the students’ learning outcomes of environmental education using the contextual strategy were mostly high; (3) the score of the conservation-minded behavior as the internship participants were high; (4) the contribution to the results of the contextual strategy implementation on the conservation education learning process was 86.8 percent to the conservation – minded behavior of the internship participants.

КОНТЕКСТНЫЕ СТРАТЕГИИ АРГУМЕНТАЦИИ В ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ РОССИЙСКИХ РУКОВОДИТЕЛЕЙ

The article is devoted to argumentation as intellectual practice in different spheres. The argumentative component of politicians’ speech is defined as a basis of speech influence and the main means of achieving the goal in the process of communication with the mass audience. The use of proverbs is a tactical tool in the process of implementing the contextual strategy. The linguistic analysis of argumentation is conducted by the example of well-known politicians’ speech from the point of view of the system approach. The role of proverbs in speech is determined as arguments expressing cultural-historical and value-based experience.

Junior high school student’s strategy in partial formal correspondence relationship generalization

Partial formal correspondence relationship generalization is general rule that described the correspondence relationship of the pattern. Symbolic statements were obtained through relating, searching and extending process by paying attention to the parts of the image on the problem partially. The purpose of this research was to describe junior high school student’s strategy in partial formal correspondence relationship generalization. This research was a qualitative research with data collection method by using think aloud and interview. Subjects in this research there were two students selected from five students who were included in the category of partial formal correspondence relationship generalization. The results showed that the strategies undertaken by students in partial formal correspondence relationship generalization was a contextual strategy. In relating process, the subject observed and they were given the image partially and they connected the parts that existed in the picture. In searching process, the subject found the same pattern or procedure based on the information obtained from the image contextually. Then in extending process, the subject applied the pattern or procedure obtained while searching for a more general case.

Is it required to remove borrowing techniques in clearly subtraction operations in elementary school?

Operational learning on chunks, especially subtraction operations conducted in grade II elementary school, is still an important and interesting issue to discuss, and one of the problems in learning to count the number of counts is the application of borrowing techniques. There are still many teachers who are learning this part unreasonably to the students because it is too abstract and tends to provide a forced way and does not offer a contextual strategy to the students. Operational learning on chunks, especially reduction operations conducted in grade II primary school, is still an important and interesting issue to discuss and discuss, and one of the problems in learning to count the number of counts is the application of borrowing techniques. There are still many teachers who are learning this part unreasonably to the students, because it is too abstract and tends to provide a forced way and does not offer a contextual strategy to the students. The problem mainly arises when the number is reduced in the form of hundreds or thousands that contain the number 0. The subtraction algorithm offered by teachers is in fact very difficult to understand by students. As a result, many errors are made by students in the operation of counting numbers like this. This study aims to provide alternative solutions for teachers in completing the reduction of counting operations, especially on the use of borrowing techniques. This research uses a descriptive method where researchers collect data and studies that related to the process of reducing the number of counting done by the students.

Contextual Redefinition Strategy for Management Students

As Contextual Redefinition (CR) provides chances to guess meaning of word by its surrounding, it is expected to encourage students to participate more by contributing in the required steps. This study aims to measure implementation effects (score and class involvement) of CR toward Management study programme students and to find out their attitude of it. Conducted as an experimental research, this research involves three cycles of treatment. It is fulfilled with description of students attitude toward CR implementation in which the data is gained through questionnaire. Three findings are as follow: 1) CR provides mean score betterment of 61.58 on pretest to 69.11 on post-test with the absence of saturation until the end of cycle three; 2) CR activates students with class involvement increase of 16.19 on each cycle; and 3) CR is favoured by 47.54% students and 55.88% students expecting CR to be applied in every reading section. The findings indicate that despite having good significance in improving the score, this strategy is favored by less than half of students and only half and so will require its application in the process of class lecturing.

Response: Postexceptionalist Puritanism: Rocking the Foundations

Response: Postexceptionalist Puritanism: Rocking the Foundations