Context-specific Practices Research Articles

Overmorrow

Research Article| July 01 2017 Overmorrow: http://racheldevorah.studio/works/overmorrow/ Rachel Devorah Rachel Devorah Rachel Devorah is an American sonic artist living in Paris whose research explores context-specific practices as sites of feminist resistance and reimagining. Her work has been heard at La Fabrique, Nantes, France, and the Music for People and Thingamajigs Festival, San Francisco; has been performed by artists such as yarn|wire and JACK quartet; and has been supported by residencies at MoKS, Estonia, and STEIM, the Netherlands. Her writing has been published in Emergency Index and parallax. She is a member of the improvisation collectives OFFAL (Orchestra for Females and Laptops) and aorist. racheldevorah.studio Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Feminist Media Histories (2017) 3 (3): 173–177. https://doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2017.3.3.173 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Rachel Devorah; Overmorrow: http://racheldevorah.studio/works/overmorrow/. Feminist Media Histories 1 July 2017; 3 (3): 173–177. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2017.3.3.173 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentFeminist Media Histories Search Keywords: gun violence, intermedia, sonification, sound Debates on gun violence in America rely on value-laden data and value-laden representations of that data. How can those of us using data in such debates best lade our representations with pro-intersectional feminist values? Overmorrow is an ongoing project that sonifies American gun violence data. Sonification is the process of presenting a data set for conceptualization through sound—the aural equivalent of visualization. Overmorrow is based on the supposition that because sound locates a listener in a moment in time, sonification facilitates relational logic in certain data conceptualizations, and relational logic can in turn facilitate recognition. Judith Butler argues in Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence (2004) that all people are commonly vulnerable to violence (in the most primitive sense—that our living bodies are susceptible to death), but that “recognition [of this vulnerability] has the power to change the meaning and structure of … vulnerability itself. In this sense,... You do not currently have access to this content.

Using abstract concepts in impact-focussed organisational research

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to conceptualise and examine the processes through which abstract concepts, or abstractions, can be utilised in co-creating knowledge within “impact-focussed” organisational and business research, i.e. applied research that primarily seeks to promote change in practice rather than principally aiming to make theoretical contributions to academic debates. The paper uses the abstraction “hospitality” as an empirical example and discusses the techniques used to “operationalise” this concept, i.e. make it understandable for research participants enabling researchers to use it within data generation and the creation of practical insights in organisational enquiry.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed two methods: first, participant-generated photos; and second, two interactive workshops with 38 practitioners where the abstract concept “hospitality” was used to generate practical organisational insights.FindingsThe paper distinguishes between four stages: the elaboration of abstraction, concretisation of abstraction, probing perspectives on abstraction and exploring experiences of abstraction. It is argued that utilising specific techniques within these four stages facilitates: recognisability: the extent to which organisational stakeholders understand the content and meanings of the abstraction; and relatability: the extent to which stakeholders appreciate how the abstract concepts are relevant to interpreting their own practices and experiences.Research limitations/implicationsThis is an exploratory study, used to develop and refine elicitation techniques, rather than to draw definitive conclusions about the applicability of specific abstract concepts. Nevertheless, reflecting on the processes and techniques used in the utilisation of abstractions here can help to operationalise them in future impact-focussed research.Originality/valueThe paper conceptualises the processes through which abstract concepts can be made apprehendable for non-specialist, non-academic practitioners. In doing so, it discusses how various elicitation techniques support the utilisation of abstractions in generating insights that can support the development of constructive, context-specific practices in organisations and businesses.

Discovering Context-Specific Integration Practices for Integrating NEPA into Statewide and Metropolitan Project Planning Processes

AbstractWhen the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process and the transportation project planning process are not streamlined, the NEPA process may lead to duplication of work and project delays. This paper presents research work in discovering state-suitable integration practices for integrating NEPA into statewide and metropolitan transportation project planning processes for the state of Illinois. The discovery of practices was based on an analytical review of existing integration guidelines and efforts in other states and using a survey of experts from relevant federal, state, and metropolitan planning, regulatory, and resource agencies. Two types of integration practices were identified: process-oriented and collaboration-oriented integration practices. The selected practices were integrated into existing transportation project planning processes and formalized into an integrated process flow with detailed implementation guidance. The integrated process was validated through a second expert s...

The Implementation and Evaluation of a Clinical Supervision Model in Teacher Education in Turkey: Is It an Effective Method?

AbstractImplementation of the standards established by the Higher Education Council (HEC) has shown great variation between universities, between departments and even between supervisors. A TUBITAK (111K162)-EVRENA project designed to develop a practice program using a Clinical Supervision Model (CSM) was conducted. The present study examines the effectiveness of CSM implementation on teacher trainee performance. An experimental model was utilized to compare the teaching performance of teacher trainees in a group that used the CSM (experimental group) and a group that used the traditional method (control group). Independent raters scored videotaped teaching performances. These scores were compared using t-tests and analysis of variance. The results indicated a significantly higher score on both the first and second videotaped teaching for the CSM group compared to that for the control group. Both groups increased their scores between the first and second video; however, a mixed model, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no significant difference in the increase in scores for each group. The experimental group had consistently higher teaching scores, and the lack of a significant difference in the increase was most likely the result of the limited time spent using the CSM.KeywordsClinical Supervision Model, Teaching Practice Program, Teaching Practice Course, Reflective Teaching Practice.Although the Clinical Supervision Model (CSM) has been applied in the United States since the 1960s (Pajak, 2002), it is a rather new concept in Turkey. The origin of the CSM dates back to the 1960s. Many have called for more clinical experience in teacher education (Krajewski & Anderson, 1980). Concomitant with this call for more clinical teacher preparation is the need for effective clinical supervision of teacher trainees (National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education, 2010). Despite its widespread global use in education, there is a dearth of research that examines the effectiveness of clinical experience in teacher education.From its inception to its current use, the CSM has been elaborated and enriched from different perspectives. Pajak (2002) classified the development of CSM into four categories: (i) Original Models, which focus on the collegial relationships between supervisors and teacher trainees, (ii) Humanistic/Artistic Models, which emphasize idiosyncratic teaching experiences, (Hi) Technical/Didactic Models, which underline observation techniques and feedback, and (iv) Developmental/Reflective Models, which focus on context-specific practices and reflective feedback among supervisors, teacher trainers (TT) and cooperating teachers (CT).Other Supervision Models Implemented in Teacher EducationBased on an extensive literature review, Gebhard (1984, pp. 502-509) listed five models of supervision for pre-service and in-service teacher education programs, which allow teacher educators a variety of options. The five models are: (i) Directive, where the teacher or the trainee is directed and briefed, the desired instructional behaviors are modelled, and the teacher's skills are evaluated based on the pre-defined and enacted behavior by the supervisor; (ii) Alternative, where the supervisor offers a number of alternative suggestions to the trainee for the actions to be taken without any subjective prescriptions. This way, the trainee still has the authority to make decisions; (Hi) Collaborative, where the supervisor works with the supervisee, but does not direct him, by a sharing and effective communication. First, an issue is posed in the teaching context, and the parties work together on the definition, examination and the implementation stages; (iv) Nondirective, where the supervisors' role is to offer a listening ear to the trainees and recapitulate their statements to foster more individualistic choices by the trainees; and (v) Creative, where an eclectic approach to supervision is exercised by combining supervisory behaviors and responsibilities from previous models and insights from other disciplines. …

The Value of Practice-Based Knowledge

Increasing recognition of the value of practice-based or experiential knowledge in natural resource management justifies the creation of a new category of articles in Society & Natural Resources that we are calling Practice-Based Knowledge (PBK). The rationale for focusing on PBK is due to its key role in the emergence of hybrid governance institutions across state, market, and civil society, understanding the complexity of dynamic socioecological systems, recognizing the challenges of multiple knowledge systems and context-specific practices, embracing the power of informal institutions and civic science, and engaging debates on the growing prevalence of market-oriented conservation. The goal is to provide a dedicated space within the published, peer-reviewed literature for scholars, government officials, nonprofit managers, and engaged citizens to share experiences informed by practical action. Relevant and timely practice-based insights may improve understanding and management of social and ecological processes and systems, while also offering the potential to contribute to theory.

Bacterial cultures: ontologies of bacteria and engineering expertise at the nexus of synthetic biology and water services

In this paper we report on ethnographic work developed over two years, working as social scientists within a project on synthetic biology (SB), which aimed to use engineered bacteria as solutions to water industry problems. We were asked to help solve the ‘barrier to innovation’ by our engineering colleagues who believed that industrial and public ignorance would block their innovations. Instead of orienting around ‘ignorance’ we chose to explore the different ontologies of bacteria that were adopted in the various practices of the many sites involved in the project. We describe our observations in microbiological laboratories and compare them to a waste water treatment facility. Engineers in the lab understand bacteria as controllable but also vulnerable, thus their ability to manipulate and protect bacteria becomes important in their claims to expertise. In contrast, engineers in the water facility understand bacteria as dangerous, but they become skilled in protecting their bodies, make sense of their relation to bacteria through immunological narratives and claim expertise through an olfactory epistemology. Overall, we conclude that the ontologies of ‘engineer’ and ‘bacteria’ are interrelated through context-specific practices. Finally, we argue that this account is instructive for current policy and engagement discussions around SB.

Between Discipline and Dissent: Situated Resistance and Global Order

In this article we contextualise the Disciplining Dissent project through a series of observations about the ways in which the papers collected here contribute to existing perspectives on global resistance, and make a broader argument in favour of situated approaches to studying the interplay between global discipline and dissent. After outlining the concerns that led us initially to formulate the project, we offer a series of reflections about the contribution of this special issue to existing debates about (i) the place of resistance in global order and (ii) the ways in which global discipline and dissent can be known. We suggest that the papers collected in this special issue, through their attention to concrete and specific practices of discipline and dissent, prompt reflection on the particular forms of visibility associated with different methodologies, and on the politically charged knowledges these methodologies engender. Attention to the interplay between context-specific practices of discipline and dissent opens up space, we argue, to examine whose and what knowledges count in the theory and practice of global ordering and resistance. It also invites consideration of the ways in which self-consciously situated approaches to researching and theorising might help open up and decolonise this terrain of enquiry. We conclude with some reflections on the interplay of discipline and dissent at work in our own immediate context of the British university. En este artículo contextualizamos el proyecto Disciplining Dissent, a través de una serie de observaciones sobre cómo los ensayos que lo componen contribuyen a las perspectivas existentes sobre la resistencia global. Asimismo, elaboramos un argumento en pro de los planteamientos situacionales en el estudio de las interacciones entre la disciplina (es decir, el control y la contención) global y la disidencia. Tras una breve introducción a los asuntos que, en un primer momento, nos llevaron a formular el proyecto, ofrecemos una serie de reflexiones acerca de la contribución de este volumen a los debates existentes sobre (i) el lugar que ocupa la resistencia en el orden global y (ii) las maneras de percibir la disciplina global y la disidencia. Sugerimos que, a través de la atención a prácticas concretas y específicas, tanto de disciplina, como de disidencia, los artículos de este volumen inducen a la reflexión sobre las formas de visibilidad específicas asociadas a diferentes metodologías, así como sobre los conocimientos, cargados políticamente, que éstas producen. Sostenemos que centrarse en la interacción entre prácticas de disciplina y de disidencia específicas de contextos concretos, abre un espacio para el estudio de qué conocimientos cuentan en la teoría y práctica del ordenamiento y la resistencia globales, y quiénes los poseen. Asimismo, invita a considerar los modos en que enfoques investigativos y teóricos conscientemente situacionales pueden ampliar y descolonizar esta área de estudio. Concluimos con algunas apreciaciones sobre las interacciones entre la disciplina y la disidencia en nuestro entorno inmediato de la Universidad Británica. 在本文中，通过对本期各篇论文如何为全球抵抗的现有视角作出了贡献这一系列观察，我们把“规训性异议”项目置于一定背景下来研究，同时对研究全球规训和异议之间互动的情境式路径进行了更广泛的论证。在概述最初促使我们确定这一研究项目的关切之后，我们提供了本专辑对围绕如下问题的当前争论所做贡献的一系列思考：（1）反抗全球秩序的区域；（2）认知全球规训和异议的方式。我们认为，汇集于本专辑的这些论文，通过它们对具体、特定规训和异议实践的关注，激发了对与不同方法论相关的特定形式可见性的思考，以及由这些方法论产生的政治上承受压力的知识的思考。我们认为，关注特定脉络下规训和异议实践的互动为考察谁的和何种知识在全球秩序和反抗的理论与实践中具有影响提供了空间。这也邀约人们考虑：以自觉情境式路径开展研究和理论化能帮助该领域开辟新的研究空间和卓然自立的方式是什么。我们以英国的大学即我们自己身边的语境中规训与异议互动的反思来结束本文。

The configuration of employee retention practices in multinational corporations’ foreign subsidiaries

This paper contributes to turnover research by deriving a typology of retention practices and investigating their applicability in multinational corporations’ (MNCs) foreign subsidiaries in the light of home- and host-country effects. Linking institutional and strategic HRM perspectives, the paper then proposes a conceptual framework examining how MNCs can maximize their retention capacity. Specifically, MNCs need to align their transferable home-country retention practices with overall strategy and complement them with flexible context-specific practices to allow for adaptability across different subsidiaries. It is further argued that characteristics of the headquarters–subsidiary relationship will influence the relative importance of context-generalizable versus context-specific retention practices and that the relevant set of practices for each subsidiary then needs to be configured individually.

Destination drinking: Toward a research agenda on alcotourism

Studies of tourism and of alcohol consumption can be fruitfully brought together under the heading alcotourism. Alcotourism refers to the practices of travelling to drink, drinking on holiday, drinking to travel and drinking while travelling that are important but understudied aspects of both tourism studies and alcohol studies. Drawing on a selection of published studies, this paper scopes current research in order to assemble a research agenda for alcotourism. The paper includes discussions of cultural tourism, heritage tourism, party tourism, themed drinking environments, and acquisitive alcotourism. Debates about benefits and problems for both ‘hosts’ and ‘guests’ are highlighted, drawing on concepts such as cultural capital and liminality, while alcotourism is also situated in the context of contemporary debates about the regulation or deregulation of alcohol, drinking and drunkenness. It ends with a call for more sustained and systematic research, and a caution about straightforwardly reading alcotourism as a social problem; it should instead be understood as a set of context-specific practices often integral to the experience of holidays.

Student Identities and/in Schooling: Subjection and adolescent performativity

This article uses a fictionalized scenario to examine how three students at an “ordinary” suburban high school in Canada negotiate the context-specific conditions, discourses, and practices that make schools important sites of identity formation. It argues that drawing from Foucault's ideas on the “subjection” of individuals, as well as from the field of performance studies, provides a fresh perspective to redress the potential mismatches between official multicultural education discourses and the lived schooling realities of students. In the process, it demonstrates how subjection and adolescent performativity can be useful analytics through which to understand student identities and/in schooling. The article concludes with some implications for shifts in policy, pedagogy, and practice to help schools engage with student diversity.

Accounts from the Field: A Public Relations Perspective on Global AIDS/HIV

This study is a theoretical as well as empirical exploration of the power and cultural differentials that mark and construct various intersecting discourses, specifically media discourse, on global AIDS/HIV. It applies the language and concepts of public relations to understand how the press coverage of the pandemic is associated with the variables that impact the newsmaking process as well as the public and policy implications of macro news frames generated over time. Theoretical work in the areas of agenda setting and news framing also instruct the conceptual framework of this analysis. Narrative analysis is used as a methodology to qualitatively analyze three pools of accounts--from people either living with AIDS/HIV, involved in AIDS/HIV work, or discursively engaged in the media construction of the pandemic; from transnational wire service journalists who cover the issue at global and regional levels; and policy shapers and communicators who are active at the global level. These three communities of respondents represent important stakeholders in the AIDS/HIV issue. The findings are analyzed from a public relations standpoint. Perhaps the most important finding of this study is that the public relations approaches used to address AIDS/HIV related issues need to be grounded in context-specific research and communicative practices that bring out the lived realities of AIDS/HIV at grassroots levels. The findings also posit that those situated at critical junctions between various stakeholders need to cultivate a finely balanced understanding of the etic and emic intersections and subjectivities of global/local AIDS/HIV.