Realization Of Context Research Articles

Опозитивні концепти LIFE – DEATH у художньому просторі Рея Бредбері

The article offers a brief study of the oppositional concepts LIFE and DEATH in Ray Bradbury’s literary space. The choice of the field is explained by the fact that it’s the abstract concepts that represent the greatest difficulty for the conceptual analysis thus challenging the linguists. The referents of such concepts proved to have blurred boundaries, and therefore it is difficult to define them; their axiological features are always subjective in nature. Native speakers operate such concepts subconsciously and explanatory dictionaries record only the most general features of their linguistic verbalizers. In order to expand the understanding of their nature, we conducted a study of the essence of the LIFE – DEATH concepts and their context realization. The research is based on Ray Bradbury’s novel «Fahrenheit 451». The work highlights the specificity of the oppositional concepts LIFE – DEATH semantic content and reveals their main conceptual features. It was detected due to the studied concepts analysis that there exists a certain cause-and-effect relationships scheme between the life-and-death phenomena, which consequently allowed us to single out the integral and differential features of the LIFE – DEATH concepts in Ray Bradbury’s literary space. It was proved that Ray Bradbury’s idiostyle is quite unique in its nature. The author’s worldview is characterized by the complexity and ambiguity of the interpretation. The key LIFE – DEATH concepts are based on one of the main universal dichotomies and are completely interconnected; their formation is based on a subtle mechanism that reflects the dual nature of human thinking. The LIFE – DEATH concepts verbalization in Ray Bradbury’s works is mainly carried out implicitly, in most cases with the help of such stylistic means and devices as metaphor, epithet, simile, which reflect the peculiarities of the writer’s idiostyle. The words and phrases used by the author have hidden meanings, thereby constituting the periphery, or the so-called associative layer of the concepts. It is proved that the periphery of the LIFE – DEATH concepts in the writer’s work reflects the individual author’s interpretation of these two phenomena and is significantly different from the traditional idea of what life-death is. In dictionaries, life and death are mainly interpreted as phenomena that are primarily related to people and other living beings, while in Ray Bradbury’s literary space it has a lot to do with books. It is the books that render the idea of life, it is their burning that metaphorically translates the idea of death. The conducted literary discourse analysis led to the reconstruction of a few basic conceptual metaphors: BOOK is LIFE, and the BURNED BOOKS are DEAD BEINGS / CREATURES which used to be filled with LIFE. In spite of the fact that the concepts of life and death are oppositional, they still exist in an inextricable connection with each other, so the verbalization of one of the concepts necessarily leads to the implicit realization of the other.

Critical Reading Material Development based on Quran for Arabic Student

This study aims to develop critical reading skills material based on conversations in the Koran for Arabic Language Students at IAIN Samarinda. The research method used is the research and development of the Balitho and Jolly models with the following stages: (1) identification of the problem as a disclosure of needs; (2) exploration as a needs analysis; (3) realization of context as product design planning; (4) pedagogical realization as product preparation; (5) Product realization as the initial product and validation of the expert team; (6) implementation as a product test in the field in limited groups and large groups; (7) evaluation as a revision for product improvement. The results of the study: (1) the teaching material for critical reading skills based on conversations in the Koran (2) The teaching material has characteristics (a) contains facts and opinions; (b) the material contains many arguments; (c) contains many words which, if expressed correctly, can create new understandings (3) the application of teaching materials to Arabic students shows quite effective results. The new finding of this research is the teaching material which contains various facts and opinions, as well as many arguments that can improve students' ability to think critically.

Towards Evaluation in Scientific Reviews (Based on German Linguistics)

The present paper considers evaluative aspect of a German linguistic review as a certain type of expert text. Expert evaluation is regarded in the context of its role in collective intersubjective process of verification and critical review of knowledge aimed at implementing it in the scientific scope of the subject. Special focus is put on regulatory character of expert evaluation. When exercising evaluation, reviewers as representatives of the scientific expert community united by its aims and tasks, rely on collectively elaborated and shared criteria of scientific rationality. The article also identifies the key role of institutional, sociocultural and internal verbal context when revealing means of expression of evaluative meanings and axiological contrast of evaluation in the text structure. Major ways of implicit display of evaluation are categorized in the concept of cognitive strategy; typical strategies are illustrated by examples of their context realization. Methods involved in the study (structural and propositional text segmentation, component analysis of lexical units, contextual and linguo-epistemic analysis) being the elements of complex methodology allowed to produce general evaluative profile of scientific reviews in German linguistics

A context realization framework for ubiquitous applications with runtime support

Context awareness, as one of the key techniques applied in ubiquitous computing, makes information technology invisible and seamless to people's daily living. As a result, numerous context frameworks have been developed for simplifying the development of context-aware applications by providing low-level context data operations such as acquisitions and simple aggregations in terms of APIs or toolkits. These frameworks are still falling short in requiring developers to explicitly deal with context-related tasks such as constraint enforcement in the application code. In this article, we present a framework to bridge the gap. More specifically, an application context model (ACM) is proposed for developers to specify their requirements on the context-related tasks. At application runtime, the ACM is instantiated for automatic context realization by the application context engine (ACE), which supports the full life cycle of each ACM instance (initialization, execution, and termination). We validate the concept of the framework through a case study, and present the experimental results based on the system prototype.