Context Of Everyday Life Research Articles

Information sources, practices and barriers: a situated and context-bound model of Pakistani electronic media reporters

PurposeThis study presents a situated and context-bound model of electronic media reports by exploring their detailed information practices within the workplace actions. It further investigates the information sources they usually consult for news or story-making process and barriers that hinder them to acquire required information.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected through semistructured, face-to-face interviews of electronic media reporters from the top news channels of Pakistan. These reporters had international exposure while having 7–20 years of work experience with different news channels.FindingsIn relation to information practices, the model also highlights the seven steps involved in news-making process of electronic media. Initially inspired from Mckenzie's (2003) model of information practice, which was developed within the everyday life context, this model attempts to see the information practices of electronic media reporters situated at their workplaces and might be seen as an extension of previous works.Originality/valueThis study is a unique attempt to find patterns of information practices situated in their workplace actions. The results of this study would be helpful for librarians and information specialists, who are working in media house libraries for the planning and designing of library services.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-07-2020-0308

Engaging interaction and long-term engagement with WhatsApp in an everyday life context: exploratory study

PurposeThe aim of this exploratory study is to analyze if the most used factors related to the engaging interaction and long-term engagement with online applications can be applied to WhatsApp in a context of everyday life in Madrid and to investigate what parameters would best describe the engagement with WhatsApp in this context.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative method was employed to explore the cognitive, emotional and behavioral factors that mainly comprise the experience of a user with an online application, both at a point in time and over time. Data from 30 semi-structured interviews and questionnaires from six group chats were collected and analyzed. The sample was made up of people aged from 13 to 58 years old.FindingsFindings suggest that the factors used in this study to evaluate long-term engagement and engaging interactions with WhatsApp are relevant, except for cognitive factors related to engaging interactions, indicating that the cognitive point of view is more difficult to apply in the engaging interaction analysis. Other attributes related to information retrieval are suggested, best suited to the informative use of this tool.Originality/valueLong-term engagement studies are scarcer concerning Mobile Instant Messaging applications. Regarding engagement interaction, its analysis focusing on WhatsApp has not been approached. This study suggests the convenience of using parameters related to information to evaluate the engaging interaction, according to the informative use of the application.

Handling the Efficiency–Personalization Trade-Off in Service Robotics: A Machine-Learning Approach

ABSTRACT While multiple mechanisms for value creation from big data analytics (BDA) exist, their application in everyday life can create trade-offs, particularly in the context of service robotics where the dispersion of autonomous digital technologies creates potentials for data-driven efficiency gains. Attending to personal preferences in such contexts, increasingly vital for customer acceptance, may run counter to efficiency, thus constraining value creation and rendering efficiency-personalization trade-offs a key managerial challenge. For the case of autonomous vehicles (AVs), we formalize this trade-off and design a machine-learning approach to handle it by drawing on a unique dataset comprising 35,000 drives by 1,850 users. We consider the real-time dynamics and user interactions that affect the decisions of AVs and develop a model extension that allows for leveraging the properties of sharing business models to make better-informed decisions. Our study contributes to information systems (IS) AV research by providing an artifact that targets both efficiency and personalization of AV operations as well as the dynamic balance between the two. With the focus on everyday life contexts, our study points to the value of incorporating trade-offs between competing goals as well as human-centered perspectives in information systems designs for research on BDA value creation. For practitioners, our work provides a practical and generalizable approach to realize the potentials of service robots without risking customer acceptance.

Locating transport sector responsibilities for the wellbeing of mobility-challenged people in Aotearoa New Zealand

Introductionwellbeing is a central tenet in the Aotearoa New Zealand government's Transport Outcomes Framework. Yet considerations of how place mediates diverse opportunities for wellbeing seldom identify how decision-making on transport and pedestrian infrastructure affects these opportunities. Considering the lived realities of older people and people with disabilities with a specific focus on Indigenous people, we argue it is particularly important to identify the role infrastructure plays in enhancing or undermining wellbeing for diverse communities. We also highlight state or sector responsibility for neglectful, wellbeing-diminishing infrastructure. Methodswe ground this argument in community-based participatory research findings of qualitative interviews conducted at home and during neighbourhood walks with 62 older or mobility impaired people in socio-demographically diverse neighbourhoods in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand. The interviews explore community perceptions of mobility and wellbeing as experienced through the losses, stresses and joys of everyday life contexts and places. Resultswe find that people seek experiences of beauty, joy, belonging, fitness, and sociality when going out, but the pursuit of these are curtailed by significant infrastructural impediments with attendant emotional costs, burdens, and risks. Historical decisions shape contemporary possibilities for wellbeing in place, and historical infrastructural injustices impacting on transport and mobility particularly affect Indigenous people's opportunities for mobility-based wellbeing. Conclusiondrawing on place-specific history and experiences of risk, we shift focus from individualized capacities to live well to conceptualizing wellbeing at a collective level, exploring place-based possibilities for a good life. These elaborations allowed us to identify signs of policy and practice abandonment and neglect, and articulate a vision for more inclusive, equitable transport infrastructure that enables the wellbeing of people differently challenged by urban environments.

Osallisena yhteisessä arjessa

This paper studies what migrant mothers in Finland say about their social relationships, language use and sense of belonging. The main focus of my study is on the mothers’ stories and the factors that they consider relevant for their socialization into the local language and sense of belonging. This longitudinal ethnographic study (2012–2018) explores the case of eleven migrant mothers. The data is analyzed applying nexus analysis (Scollon & Scollon 2004). The study focuses on language socialization and languaging. In everyday contexts, language is understood as a target and it is also used as a central tool in action. The results indicate that multilingual contexts in everyday life are relevant for constructing the sense of belonging since they offer possibility to give and receive social and linguistic support.

Initial Results From an Everyday Memory and Metacognitive Intervention for Older Adults

We report results from a new intervention study implementing an Everyday Memory and Metacognitive Intervention (EMMI). This intervention trains older adults on self-regulatory procedures for achieving everyday life goals by implementing a metacognitive perspective where participants learn mindful control over life tasks that place demands on planning and memory (e.g., learning new names and managing prospective memory demands). Fifty-three participants, age range 65 to 83, were assigned to either the EMMI treatment group (n = 32, mean age = 70.13, SD = 3.2) or a waitlist control group (n = 21, mean age = 71.76, SD = 4.7). Individuals with probable memory impairments, as indexed by low MOCA scores, were excluded from the study. Outcomes included daily diary reports of everyday memory errors and a prospective memory telephone task. EMMI participants had fewer reported memory errors per day (M = 0.42) than controls (M = 0.64), one-tailed p = .03. EMMI participants also performed better than controls on the telephone task outcome variables: total number of phone calls completed and mean absolute deviation of call times from scheduled times for successfully completed calls (ps<.001). Subjective outcomes, including personal memory beliefs, life satisfaction, and perceived stress, showed greater pretest-posttest improvement in the EMMI group compared to the control group. This study is a successful initial demonstration of the efficacy of our intervention for improving everyday cognition in older adults and highlights the possibility of improving success in memory-demanding everyday life contexts, thereby contributing to resilient aging in an older population.

Сакральное как имманентный принцип формирования нации

The article examines the problem of understanding the consolidation principle of nation formation that is relevant to modern social philosophy. At different stages of scientific research, the initial sociobiological unity, the common imagination of the nation, as well as the political, economic and socio Cultural context were proposed in this capacity. However, the religious factor, which includes a transcendent sacred element perceived as the highest value, is not sufficiently studied in this regard. The article offers an understanding of the nation as a quasi-religious phenomenon of modernity, which presupposes the presence of a sacred element as an immanent consolidation principle. A condition for a nation formation and transformations in the understanding of its foundations are the characteristic features of the global secularization process considered in the article. In the development of this process, several stages are distinguished, the study of which reveals the dynamics in the localization of the sacred sphere of reality, which determines changes in the perception of the nation. The first stage of secularization is associated with the spread of Christianity, accompanied by the profanation of the entire field of natural reality and the actualization of the meaning of the individual. The formation of the next stage is due to the mixing of social and natural spheres, which forms a diffuse sociobiological reality associated with the strengthening of the role of the individual. At this period the idea of the nation as a sociobiological community, characterized by the personal legal and political responsibility of its members is formed. The allocation of the third stage of secularization is due to the profanation of the social sphere and the localization of the sacred in the private life of the individual, in this connection, the national consolidation principle is localized in the sphere of the individual imagination. The profanation of the individual sphere, leading to its decentralization, determines the sacralization of a certain context of everyday life, which is perceived as the basis of national identity. Thus, the adoption of the sacred factor as an immanent principle of nation formation and the study of the dynamics of its localization can bring scientific thought closer to solving actual problems of social philosophy related to the understanding of the nation and social identity as a whole.

Formation of mathematical concepts by the intellectually disabled by means of soroban

Abstract The aim is to assess contribution provided by soroban – or Japanese abacus – not only for the students’ learning of number and operations content, but also in the development of their higher psychological functions. As an applied nature, it was developed under a pedagogical intervention for data collection and analysis. The eight participants were adult students, aged 19 to 47 years old, who attended a special education school in a city in the countryside of the state of Paraná - Brazil. The data was analyzed through assessment of the conversation. The students with intellectual disabilities participating in the study had limited knowledge regarding the use of numbers and operations in school situations and in different contexts of everyday life, so these concepts were taught to them. After the pedagogical intervention, they showed advances in this knowledge, appropriating both the concept of numbers and the use of soroban as a tool for performing mathematical calculations. As it is a human right to appropriate the knowledge produced historically and culturally by mankind, which in turn leads to development, teaching the use of soroban to students with intellectual disabilities promoted the learning of mathematical concepts, developing superior skills such as thought, defending the thesis proposed by this study that cognitive limitations of the intellectually disabled are not barriers to learning of an array of educational concepts.

‘Discuss it with your legal guardian’: Challenges in practising care for young unaccompanied refugee minors

AbstractHow is care arranged for unaccompanied refugee minors at residential care institutions, and what kind of conditions do these arrangements constitute for young persons' well‐being and development? Informed by developmental perspectives that consider young people's development through participation across contexts in everyday life and by research into how parents in ‘ordinary’ families organize care, we developed a study based on interviews with 15 unaccompanied refugee minors and their professional caregivers at residential care institutions. The interviews were analysed systematically by exploring how care is arranged between professionals and its implications in the young persons' lives. The results elucidate how responsibility for following up and making sense of central issues in the lives of the minors was allocated to professionals outside the daily care rather than being part of the primary caregivers' contact with the minors. This practice contrasts with what young persons in ‘ordinary families’ in Norway enjoy, where coordination across contexts and keeping an overview of the total care are considered the responsibility of parents. The article focuses on the outsourcing of what we call refugee‐related legal issues in the minors' everyday lives, to the legal guardians, which appeared to be a barrier to being understood and supported.

Information experiences of Bangladeshi immigrants in Canada

PurposeStudies on the information behaviour of immigrants including refugees across the globe show a significant dependency of immigrants on their informal networks for meeting various settlement and everyday life information needs. Although there are quite a few studies in LIS that globally report the dependency of immigrants on their personal networks, very little is known about their experiences with their informal personal networks in the contexts of their settlement in informational terms. This paper explores the information experiences of Bangladeshi immigrants in Canada consulting informal networks including broader Bangladeshi community people in pre- and post-arrival contexts.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a mixed-method approach including semi-structured interviews (n = 60) and surveys (n = 205) with Bangladeshi immigrants who arrived in Canada between the years of 1971 and 2017. Interview data were analysed thematically, and descriptive statistics are used to describe the survey data relevant to this study.FindingsAlthough the overall scope of the original study is much larger, this paper features findings on the information experience derived from an analysis of the interview data with some relevant references to the survey data when deemed appropriate. This paper provides insights into the information experiences of Bangladeshi immigrants within their personal networks, including friends, family and ethnic community people. The findings of this study show that participants sometimes received discouraging, unhelpful or wrong information from their personal networks. The multiple dimensions of the information experiences of the study participants show the many consequences for their settlement lives. For some participants, settlement was particularly impacted by the concept of “information sharing fear” that emerged from the interviews. Information sharing fear relates to concerns that sharing information about the challenges faced by newcomers could be considered by potential immigrants as a kind of active “discouragement”. Participants described being sensitive to charges of envy or jealousy when they shared information related to challenges newcomers face, as friends and family see them as trying to prevent competition for social status.Originality/valueThe findings related to the information experiences of immigrants consulting informal networks has potential implications for research in various discipline such as LIS, migrational studies and psychology that explore the benefits of social networks in newcomers' settlement. The study also sets a ground to take a more holistic approach to the information experiences of newcomers, not just naming the sources newcomers utilize in settlement and everyday life contexts. The study also provides some future directions to comprehensively understand the culturally situated information behaviour of various immigrant groups.

Mood playlists, biopower, and the “functional turn” in online media: What happens when a pre-digital social control technology is transferred to the internet?

In this article, we explore the transfer of functional music as a social control technology from pre-digital to digital media. Muzak, the closest ancestor of online functional music, was expert-designed to improve worker productivity. Ironically, today users themselves are creating mood playlists to enhance their work performance and to manage their emotional states in everyday life contexts. We examine the motivations and practices of users by analyzing their comments on online forums and the descriptions they attach to the mood playlists they create. Our findings indicate that functional music goes through a significant transformation in online media, which brings forth both an expansion of its social control effects and the emergence of novel uses that have a rather ambiguous relationship with social control. We propose that this double mechanism can be used as a basic model for analyzing the interactions between biopower and new media.

Going against patients' will? A qualitative study of how palliative health-care professionals handle competing considerations when children are excluded from parental illness and death.

The Norwegian Health Personnel Act (HPA §10a) obliges health professionals to contribute to meeting minor children's need for information about their parents' illness and prognosis. Previous research has shown that many parents withhold information about illness and anticipated death from their children. This study explored main considerations for palliative health-care professionals in these situations, and how they negotiate conflicting considerations of confidentiality and child involvement. This qualitative exploratory study involved semi-structured interviews with 11 palliative health-care professionals. Hermeneutics informed the data analysis. The health professionals' main considerations were sustaining patients' hope and building trust in the professional-patient relationship. Both concerns were grounded in respect for patient autonomy. The health professionals negotiated patient autonomy and child involvement in different ways, defined in the present analysis on a continuum ranging from granting full patient autonomy to going directly against patients' will. The professional-patient relationship is the primary consideration in the health care context, and decision making on the degree of children's involvement happens in a dialogical process between health professionals and patients. Close professional-patient relationships might increase the emotional impacts on health professionals, who consequently might give greater relative weight to patients' will. We propose that procedures for initiating collaboration with professionals in the child's everyday life context help health professionals involving the child without threatening trust.

Secrets of the Alla Moda Theater’ Success: the Historical and political subtext of the first musical drama by J. A. Hasse

Relevance of the study. The field of musical performance, as probably the most sensitive to the relevance of ancient art, over the last century it communicates more and more closely with the antiquity of music. “Musical archeology” personalized in art critics and performers-historians actively studies the world’s musical heritage, revives on the modern stage authentic sounds in all the richness of their expression, variety of styles and forms. It is also important and justified to study the integral components of succeeding in the creation and execution of certain works, the recognition of creative personalities. It is hardly possible to find a better example in this direction than the musical theater of mature Baroque and gallant Rococo. But even in the then opera “industry” success (in the sense of mastering impeccable professional and artistic qualities, achieving a high level of demand, professional reputation, status, material well-being) was determined by a set of characteristics, among which integration into the historical context, social and political relations did not play the last role. Therefore, today it is necessary to apply a comprehensive approach to study the experience of highly professional, talented, active, and passionate artists of the late 17 — first third of the 18 century, to apply the tools hermeneutic analyze for reading their creative heritage. Main objective(s) — to reveal the historical context in which work by J. A. Hasse was created, to comprehensively consider the musical and poetic texts of the serenata “Mark’Antonio and Cleopatra” for the successful implementation of its performing reconstruction and stage production in the approach of modern Historical informed performance.Methodology based on an interdisciplinary approach at the intersection of musicology, theater studies, and historical science, using the cultural-historical method, the method of hermeneutic analysis of the text and the method of historical reconstruction, which allows us to consider the process of creating a musical-dramatic work in the unity of the subject, functional and historical aspects, expanded by in-depth analysis historical and political context.Results/findings and Conclusions. An important component of successful creativity in the field of musical theater and, more broadly, the success of works of art — the response of the audience, the ability of a piece of art to evoke empathy, a sense of belonging, and personal involvement — has been investigated. Bearing in mind the exemplary historical experience of the development and spread of Italian opera, the art of the first third of the 18 cent. was chosen as the area of study of these issues. As an example, considered one of the first works of I. A. Hasse — the serenate “Mark Antonio and Cleopatra”, written and presented by him in Naples, in 1725.The musical form of the serenata is analyzed, the stylistic and genre features of its elements, which determine the musical language of the young Saxon composer, are characterized. The libretto text is considered using the tools of hermeneutic content analysis.The historical and political aspect of the life of the Kingdom of Naples in the late 17th — early 18 centuries is researched. Based on archival materials, information about the customer of the work by Carlo Carmignano and the librettist Francesco Ricciardo have been clarified. An attempt was made to the historical reconstruction of the circumstances of the composition, the details of the stage design of the performance, assumptions were made about the personalities of the audience present. The hidden content layer of a musical and dramatic work, born of its connection with the history of everyday life, cultural and political context, is discovered. The effectiveness of using the semantic potential of plots from the life of historical personalities is emphasized, their main property is revealed — the ability to allegorical personifications, symbolic artistic “gestures”, disguised similarities

Occupation through a practice theory lens

ABSTRACT Although occupational scientists have studied many aspects of occupation over the past 3 decades, there remain areas that are poorly understood and under-theorised, which creates a weakness in understanding occupation. In this paper, everyday life is offered as an example of one of these areas. We present practice theory as a tool to support the generation of alternative ways of theorising occupation. Practice theory is a collection of approaches that seek to understand the social world through patterns of activity. These approaches foreground activity and performance in the creation and perpetuation of all aspects of social life, providing a basic understanding that individuals create and re-create the means and conditions of their lives through actively engaging in and interacting with the environment. Practice theory can inform understandings of the person and their everyday occupations, embedded in social contexts. This approach offers a view of person and participation that is radically different from a structuralist perspective. The paper begins with a historical overview of how theories of occupation were developed within particular epistemologies. This is followed by an introduction to practice theory and discussion of what it can offer to the study of occupation. The paper finishes with a real-life case story that illustrates how practice theory can contribute to understanding occupation within the context of everyday life.

A qualitative study on resident engagement in a community-based health promotion intervention

Abstract Emerging evidence points towards lower quality of life, more fragile social relations and suboptimal health behaviour and health status of residents living in social housing areas characterized by ethnic diversity and socioeconomic disadvantage. Residents from social housing areas are less likely to engage in health promotion interventions compared to the rest of society. Community-based health promotion interventions developed in collaboration with the target group and adjusted to local context can affect the acceptance of and engagement in such interventions. However, few studies have investigated the potential of community-based interventions in social housing areas. This study explores resident perspectives on engagement in a community-based health promotion intervention focusing on enhancing social relations. Engagement was the key foundation for the designing and implementation of the intervention by the use of graphic facilitation. The intervention consisted of social outings to different sights and historical landmarks in Denmark. The study builds on qualitative methods including participant observations combined with pre- and post-intervention interviews with a selected group of residents (n = 9). Data were thematically analysed with a focus on participation in an everyday life context and by concepts of othering and territorial stigmatization. Engagement in the intervention was motivated by a need for establishing and enhancing social relations, and exploring the world outside the housing area. However, barriers including cultural and language differences among residents and competing contextual factors challenged engagement. We conclude that participatory community-based interventions have a potential to enhance social relations in social housing areas. Nevertheless, it is necessary to understand the motives and barriers to ensure feasible and relevant health promotion interventions and future engagement among residents living in social housing areas.

Meat Safety in Northern Tanzania: Inspectors' and Slaughter Workers' Risk Perceptions and Management.

Through a social scientific lens, this paper considers the risk perceptions and “risk-based decision-making” of two key groups in a northern Tanzanian context: (1) frontline government meat inspectors and health officers charged with ensuring that red meat sold commercially is safe for people to consume, and (2) the workers who slaughter and process cattle and red meat prior to its sale in rural butcheries. In contrast to techno-scientific understandings of disease risk and “rational” approaches to its management, this paper foregrounds the role of social, economic and institutional context in shaping the perceptions and practices around meat safety of these actors whose daily, close proximity to meat means they play a significant role in mitigating potential meat-borne disease. We show how limited resources, and a combination of scientific and local knowledge and norms result in “situated expertise” and particular forms of risk perception and practice which both enhance and compromise meat safety in different ways. Actors' shared concerns with what is visible, ensures that visibly unsafe or abnormal meat is excluded from sale, and that infrastructure and meat is kept “clean” and free of certain visible contaminants such as soil or, on occasion, feces. While such contaminants serve as a good proxy for pathogen presence, meat inspectors and especially slaughter workers were much less aware of or concerned with invisible pathogens that may compromise meat safety. The role of process and meat handling did not figure very strongly in their concerns. Microorganisms such as Salmonella and Campylobacter, which can easily be transferred onto meat and persist in slaughter and meat sale environments, went unacknowledged. Although health officers expressed more concern with hygiene and meat handling, their influence over slaughter process and butchery operations was unclear. Ultimately, recognizing the perceptions and practices of frontline actors who engage with meat, and the ways in which social, material and institutional realities shape these, is important for understanding how decisions about risk and meat safety are made in the complexity and context of everyday life, and thus for finding effective ways to support them to further enhance their work.

A new approach to capturing pain disclosure in daily life in-person and online.

This feasibility study employed a new approach to capturing pain disclosure in face-to-face and online interactions, using a newly developed tool. In Study 1, 13 rheumatoid arthritis and 52 breast cancer patients wore the Electronically Activated Recorder to acoustically sample participants' natural conversations. Study 2 obtained data from two publicly available online social networks: fibromyalgia (343,439 posts) and rheumatoid arthritis (12,430 posts). Pain disclosure, versus non-pain disclosure, posts had a greater number of replies, and greater engagement indexed by language style matching. These studies yielded novel, multimethod evidence of how pain disclosure unfolds in naturally occurring social contexts in everyday life.

Danish PV Prosumers’ Time-Shifting of Energy-Consuming Everyday Practices

Consumer engagement in the energy system is necessary to ensure a low-carbon transition. However, this has proved difficult because consumers are engaged in pursuing everyday practices rather than focusing on abstract questions of energy. Recent studies have suggested that being a prosumer can make a difference. This paper builds on survey data from a representative sample of 2505 photovoltaic (PV) owners in Denmark combined with 12 qualitative in-depth interviews. The results indicate that PV owners consider that they have become more concerned about energy consumption and adjust the timing of their everyday practices to their production. Thus, 67% of the households ‘often’ or ‘always’ time-shift the use of washing machines to their production. The extent to which households time-shift is strongly related to their net-metering scheme. Thus, 75% of the households on hourly metering stated that they ‘to some’ or to ‘a great extent’ adjust their consumption, compared to only 26% of the households on annual metering. This financial effect is interpreted in an everyday life context where financial gain transfers meanings of self-sufficiency and sustainability, rather than primarily being viewed as rational economic behaviour. The conclusion discusses the policy implications of methods to engage the consumer.

Subjective power and emotions in everyday interpersonal interactions: Counterparts' constrictive posture as moderator.

Power is one of the vital components embedded within interpersonal interactions, but few studies have studied it in everyday life context. This experience sampling study examined the associations of subjective power with emotional well-being and investigated the moderating effects of counterpart' postures in the associations. Our results demonstrated that individuals reported higher positive emotions and lower negative emotions when they perceived higher subjective power. Their positive emotions were positively correlated with counterparts' expansive postures while negative emotions were positively correlated with counterparts' constrictive postures. The subjective power-negative emotion associations were stronger when counterparts displayed higher level of constrictive posture. Our findings provide an evidence base for a comprehensive understanding on the role of subjective power and perception of counterparts' power-related posture in dyadic communications in emotional well-being.

In a mother's voice: Observing social-emotional aspects of postpartum daily life.

Everyday life contexts and interactions are influential for the well-being of both postpartum women and their infants. We collected naturalistic observational recordings of the daily environments and social interactions of primiparous postpartum women (N = 50) using the electronically activated recorder (EAR). We addressed two aims. First, we examined the feasibility, acceptability, and compliance of collecting naturalistic ambient sounds with postpartum women. We found the EAR to be acceptable, feasible, and associated with good compliance. Second, we evaluated the frequency and interrater reliability of social-emotional characteristics using a novel coding system developed for this population. In general, the frequency of social and emotion behavior variables was adequate and interrater reliability among trained research assistants was moderate to excellent. This study was the first to use the EAR with postpartum women and suggests that the EAR shows promise as a method to enrich our understanding of social-emotional daily life during the postpartum period. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).