Contextual Frame Research Articles

Factors impacting English teachers’ creativity in teaching English as a foreign language in Indonesia

Teachers bring various experiences to the classroom, and their beliefs about ‘creative teaching’ or ‘good teaching’ practices are frequently influenced by various factors, including their own teaching experiences, individual motivation, and organizational constraints. This context frames their early efforts to develop creative practices, and recognition of influences further affects the level of creativity displayed by teachers. This study aims to ascertain the factors that affected teachers’ creativity in English language teaching (ELT) in contemporary Indonesian higher education. We interviewed twenty Indonesian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers about the factors influencing their creativity and their motivations for teaching creatively. We identified three factors which influenced teachers’ creativity: their knowledge and teaching experiences, their motivation, and the role of technology. These three factors served as a guide for teachers regarding how they might integrate creativity into their teaching practice. Additionally, Indonesian EFL teachers believed that their creativity was necessary to assist students in learning, create an enjoyable learning experience, and encourage students to be creative. This belief appears to be partially due to the affordance of the rapidly changing digital environment which enables student-centred and self-directed learning. Finally, this study indicates that creativity is not instinctive to teachers; however, they can nurture their creativity by accepting their innovative ideas through developing their abilities to teach creatively.

Exploring barriers to collaborative innovation in supply chains – a study of a supplier and two of its industrial customers

PurposeThe purpose is to identify and explore barriers to overcome for developing collaborative innovation between a global service supplier and two of its industrial customers in Sweden.Design/methodology/approachThe research had an action-based research approach in which the researchers were interacting and collaborating with the practitioners in the companies. The empirical part includes primary data from multiple interviews, and two workshops with dialogues with participants from the involved companies. The use of complementary data collection methods gave rich input to understanding the context for collaborative innovation, and to uncovering barriers, to develop solutions for collaborative innovation. The empirical barriers were analysed using theoretically derived barriers from a literature review. The analysis generated four broad themes of barriers which were discussed and led to conclusions and theoretical and practical implications on: the customer's safety culture, the business model, the parties' understanding of innovation and the management of collaborative innovation in supply chains.FindingsThe thematic analysis generated four broad themes: the customer's safety culture, the business model, the parties' understanding of innovation and the management of collaborative innovation. These themes where analysed using theoretically derived barriers from a literature review. The industrial context, the understanding of innovation and its management created barriers.Originality/valueThe unique access to the service supplier and its two independent industrial customers adds a rich contextual framing to the process of identifying and exploring the barriers to collaborative innovation. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of an industrial business context, the business logic in terms of business models and for the understanding and management of collaborative innovation.

Same but different: The influence of context framing on subjective disgust, eye movements and pupillary responses

The adaptive value of disgust has been associated with situations of threat to our survival. This study explored this topic using eye-tracking, which provides an objective measurement of attention, while solving previous methodological issues (e.g., not considering discrete emotions and comparing across perceptually-different stimuli). We used the same stimuli and manipulated the emotional state via contextual framing. Participants’ eye movements and pupillary responses were recorded while they explored pictures of objects held by clean or dirty hands; the latter were framed in a disease or a non-disease context. Pictures were then rated for arousal, disgust, and valence. Framing stimuli in a disease (vs non-disease) context induced a more adverse subjective emotional experience. Importantly, our objective measures revealed that such manipulation also led to a higher information-seeking behavior and greater pupil constriction. Overall, our data suggest that the same stimuli can effectively be used to induce different emotional states by manipulating their framing.

Effectiveness of the Constructivist Approach to Learning: A Mixed-Meta Method Study

In this study, the aim is to examine the effectiveness of the constructivist approach involving the use of the mixed-meta method. Quantitative (meta-analysis) and qualitative (meta-thematic analysis) study findings were obtained by conducting a literature review in the context of the mixed-meta method. This consisted of examining the research topic in two dimensions by executing meta-analysis and meta-thematic analysis and producing comprehensive results. Quantitative studies browsed in accordance with certain criteria and searched in certain databases were analysed with the use of the MetaWin and CMA 2.0 programs, and moderator analyses involving such aspects as course areas, teaching levels, application duration and sample size were also carried out. As a result of the analyses, it was understood that the effect sizes of the studies were at a large level in terms of academic achievement and relevant moderators. Qualitative studies, on the other hand, were analysed with the use of the Maxqda program. It was seen that the themes relating to the relationship of the constructivist approach with technology, cooperation and 21st century skills, problems in related applications, and solution suggestions, were generated. The qualitative findings also showed that the the constructivist approach had huge effect. These results indicated that constructivist practices had a positive effect in terms of different levels, course areas, application duration and samples within the frame of a general context, and had a favourable effect on learning outcomes.

Strategic Behavior of Large Language Models: Game Structure vs. Contextual Framing

Strategic Behavior of Large Language Models: Game Structure vs. Contextual Framing

C.D. Fortunescu şi proiectul „Monografiei istorice a judeţului Dolj” din anul 1939

: This paper is based, mainly, on the analysis of a set of documents from local archives, namely: the correspondence, from 1939, carried between the prefect of the Dolj County, the director of the Dolj County Cultural House, and the director of the “Arhivele Olteniei” Scientific Journal carried on the side of the possibility of achieving of an historical monograph of Dolj County. In my opinion, this correspondence represents a concrete example of transposing in practise the relation of cooperation between institutions and a concrete example of the professionalism of some members of cultural elite. To put it in value as best as it can I have structured the article in 3 parts. In the first part I have reconstituted the contextual frame; I have brought clarifications regarding the project’s initiative, demonstrating the cooperation relation between state’s institutions and members of the cultural elite within the Social Service. Also, is relevant the coordinating role of the cultural house, thru the director of this last institution, with the correspondence between the two representatives of the administrative authority/cultural elite. After the contextual frame of the beginning of the project was established, the analysis is focused on C.D. Fortunescu’s letter, the director of “Arhivele Olteniei” Scientific Journal addressed to the prefect of Dolj County, the initiator of monograph project. The document contained and details a series of conditions, which, in our opinion, transforms the letter in an important document because it attests the professionalism of the director and the scientific journal team. The last part of the article is dedicated to the conclusions. Besides the fact that the letter is evidence that the members of the “Arhivele Olteniei” scientific team were well versed in methods and tools of academic investigation, it also provides an example of good practice used, in scientific research, over eighty years ago. Not least, the monograph project is a testimony to prestige that this team enjoys, in 1939, in the local communities and intellectual elite, a prestige gained as a result of the high scientific quality of articles and materials published for 18 years in the pages of the “Arhivele Olteniei” Scientific Journal.

Digital Communication and Techno-Politics: Populist Framing and Hypermedia in West African Context and Beyond

Digital Communication and Techno-Politics: Populist Framing and Hypermedia in West African Context and Beyond

Academic Acculturation of International Doctoral Students in the U.S.: A Qualitative Inquiry

The aim of this phenomenological inquiry is to explore the academic acculturation experiences of international kinesiology professionals during their doctoral programs in higher education institutions in the U.S. Purposive sampling technique was used which include six study participants. The data collected from a demographic questionnaire and a focused interview. Using acculturation theory as a conceptual framework, the subjects' academic acculturation as former international PhD students were described. There are three subthemes: (1) graduate program and requirements, (2) the academic environment of graduate program, and (3) professional development for a career in kinesiology. Findings are discussed in light of academic acculturation with a focus on assimilation (proactive adaptation in a new environment), and integration (flexibly to embrace the life experiences, learning experiences, and current experiences of the students in a new context). Particularly, findings examine how international kinesiology professionals perceived their doctoral degree experiences and sustained academic acculturation, pertaining to research and professional development at their programs. Exploring the academic acculturation of international PhD students is crucial for diversity awareness in higher education in the U.S. Often described as a minority with a narrower status, these international students undergoing academic acculturation should be assisted with aligning to their contextual frames, in terms of degree level and its characteristics in their field of study.

Examining gain- and loss-framed messages in a novel breast cancer screening/cardiovascular context: Does framing matter?

Digital mammography can reveal not only breast cancer but also breast arterial calcification (BAC), which can indicate potential coronary artery disease. To explore ways to inform women of their BAC status in the context of a standard mammography results letter, we conducted a preliminary study comparing gain- and loss-framed messages to encourage follow-up cardiovascular care. U.S. women over age 40 with no heart disease history (N=227) were randomly assigned to view a mammography letter including BAC information in one of seven ways (three gain-framed messages, three loss-framed messages, one comparison message). Post-test measures indicated no significant differences on BAC knowledge, recall of test results and recommendations, perceived message effectiveness, or behavioral intentions for follow-up. Despite showing no significant differences between message conditions, results supported the messages' ability to clearly convey BAC information and encourage intention for follow-up cardiovascular care. This experimental study represents the first published report examining the inclusion of BAC screening results within the mammography letter. It also explored the use of message framing in a dual detection-prevention context and suggests that future work should test the effects of including both framing tactics in messages designed to target dual-focus contexts.

Motion In-Betweening via Two-Stage Transformers

We present a deep learning-based framework to synthesize motion in-betweening in a two-stage manner. Given some context frames and a target frame, the system can generate plausible transitions with variable lengths in a non-autoregressive fashion. The framework consists of two Transformer Encoder-based networks operating in two stages: in the first stage a Context Transformer is designed to generate rough transitions based on the context and in the second stage a Detail Transformer is employed to refine motion details. Compared to existing Transformer-based methods which either use a complete Transformer Encoder-Decoder architecture or additional 1D convolutions to generate motion transitions, our framework achieves superior performance with less trainable parameters by only leveraging the Transformer Encoder and masked self-attention mechanism. To enhance the generalization of our transformer-based framework, we further introduce Keyframe Positional Encoding and Learned Relative Positional Encoding to make our method robust in synthesizing longer transitions exceeding the maximum transition length during training. Our framework is also artist-friendly by supporting full and partial pose constraints within the transition, giving artists fine control over the synthesized results. We benchmark our framework on the LAFAN1 dataset, and experiments show that our method outperforms the current state-of-the-art methods at a large margin (an average of 16% for normal-length sequences and 55% for excessive-length sequences). Our method trains faster than the RNN-based method and achieves a four-time speedup during inference. We implement our framework into a production-ready tool inside an animation authoring software and conduct a pilot study to validate the practical value of our method.

How workplace-based assessments guide learning in postgraduate education: A scoping review.

Competency-based medical education (CBME) led to the widespread adoption of workplace-based assessment (WBA) with the promise of achieving assessment for learning. Despite this, studies have illustrated tensions between the summative and formative role of WBA which undermine learning goals. Models of workplace-based learning (WBL) provide insight, however, these models excluded WBA. This scoping review synthesizes the primary literature addressing the role of WBA to guide learning in postgraduate medical education, with the goal of identifying gaps to address in future studies. The search was applied to OVID Medline, Web of Science, ERIC and CINAHL databases, articles up to September 2020 were included. Titles and abstracts were screened by two reviewers, followed by a full text review. Two members independently extracted and analysed quantitative and qualitative data using a descriptive-analytic technique rooted in Billett's four premises of WBL. Themes were synthesized and discussed until consensus. All 33 papers focused on the perception of learning through WBA. The majority applied qualitative methodology (70%), and 12 studies (36%) made explicit reference to theory. Aligning with Billett's first premise, results reinforce that learning always occurs in the workplace. WBA helped guide learning goals and enhanced feedback frequency and specificity. Billett's remaining premises provided an important lens to understand how tensions that existed in WBL have been exacerbated with frequent WBA. As individuals engage in both work and WBA, they are slowly transforming the workplace. Culture and context frame individual experiences and the perceived authenticity of WBA. Finally, individuals will have different goals, and learn different things, from the same experience. Analysing WBA literature through the lens of WBL theory allows us to reframe previously described tensions. We propose that future studies attend to learning theory, and demonstrate alignment with philosophical position, to advance our understanding of assessment-for-learning in the workplace.

An original deconvolution approach for oil production allocation based on geochemical fingerprinting

• A novel deconvolution algorithm for production allocation is introduced. • An improved experimental procedure for GC targeting production allocation is proposed. • Extensions to traditional production allocation algorithms are formulated. We tackle oil commingling scenarios and develop an original deconvolution approach for geochemical production allocation. This yields robust assessment of the proportions of oils forming a mixture originating from commingling oils associated with diverse reservoirs or, wells. Our study starts from considering that production allocation performed by means of geochemical fingerprinting is relevant in the context of modern and sustainable use of georesources, with the added benefit of favoring shared facilities and production equipment. A geochemical production allocation workflow is typically structured according to two steps: (i) determination of the chromatograms associated with the mixture (and eventually with each of the End Members, EMs, constituting the fluids in the mixture), and (ii) the use of a deconvolution algorithm to estimate the mass fraction of each EM. Concerning the latter step, we introduce an original approach and the ensuing deconvolution algorithm (hereafter termed PGM) that does not require additional laboratory efforts in comparison with traditional approaches. We also present extensions of widely used deconvolution algorithms, which we frame in a (stochastic) Monte Carlo context to improve their robustness and reliability. The new PGM approach is assessed jointly with a suite of typically used approaches and algorithms against new laboratory-based commingling scenarios. The latter are based on the design and introduction of a novel and low-cost experimental method. The results of the study (i) constitute a unique and rigorous comparison of the traditionally employed production allocation deconvolution algorithms, (ii) document the critical importance of the number of features of the chromatograms used during a quantitative deconvolution, and (iii) suggest that our new PGM approach is very robust and accurate compared to existing approaches.

Citizen participation in healthcare: a field perspective

Abstract Background Many nations are faced with challenges regarding the sustainability of their healthcare systems. Rising costs and limited financial and human resources mean that difficult decisions regarding the provision of healthcare are imminent. Which care should be provided, when and where? These decisions will affect all current and future users of healthcare. This has given rise to calls from policy makers and others to include citizens in the decision making process. The question is how this can be done. What are viable ways of citizen participation in healthcare? What are critical issues to take into account? And how do citizens themselves want to participate? Methods We use results from a literature review, six interviews with organizations in the field and the results of two citizen platforms to map the challenges and opportunities for citizen participation in healthcare. We study the case of the Netherlands, a country with a long and singular tradition of participatory policies. Results Preliminary findings indicate there are six key decision variables that are instrumental in shaping citizen participation in the field of healthcare. Among those are the kinds of knowledge that participants possess and the valuation of these kinds of knowledge by agents in the field of healthcare. Conclusions We interpret the results using a Bourdieusian conceptual framework, which emphasizes the contextual framing of participation. Citizen participation can be understood as an intervention in the field of healthcare. Participation is structured by the different forms of knowledge of participants as capitals. This highlights power differences that must be understood in order to design fruitful participatory processes. Key messages • Citizen participation in healthcare understood as an intervention in the field of healthcare. • Understanding power differences is crucial for designing and implementing this intervention.

Re-assessing the role of culture on the visual orientation perception of the rod and frame test.

In recent research of culture and ethnicity in visual perception, some researchers have found support for the hypothesis that more collectivistic cultures tend to be more influenced by surrounding contextual visual information than more individualistic cultures. This hypothesis suggests that even low-level visual perception may not be universal and has great implications on how vision research should be conducted. The current study reexamines this hypothesis in the rod and frame task, which tests the influence of a tilted contextual frame on orientation perception of the rod. We found no difference between participants of East Asian and Western European descent in this task. Despite not finding the cultural effect, we found a well-reported gender effect in which women were more influenced by the tilt of the frame than men, helping to ensure the quality of the data collected. Our results suggest that contextual influence on visual perception does not affect East Asians and white Western Europeans differently.

Blueprint for Future Research Advancing the Study of Sexuality, Gender, and Equity in Later Life: Lessons Learned From Aging With Pride, The National Health, Aging, and Sexuality/Gender Study (NHAS).

While interest in sexuality\research is growing, in the past, it has been largely invisible in gerontology. By exploring the full range and dimensions of sexuality and their interrelationships with multiple factors, this article presents conceptual, substantive, and methodological advances for the field of sexuality in later life. Based on the Sexual Equity Framework, an extension of the Health Equity Promotion Model, this article highlights the heterogeneity and intersectionality of sexuality across the life course, examining how historical and contemporary contexts frame key dimensions of sexuality at multiple levels (intrapersonal, interpersonal, sociocultural, and structural) and their relationship with sexual quality of life. Utilizing findings from Aging with Pride: National Health, Aging and Sexuality/Gender Study, the heterogeneity and intersectionality of age, gender, race, and ethnicity are critical to understanding sexuality and its dimensions in later life. Many adults experience changes in sexual and gender identities over time. Affirming sexual and gender identities, social connections, and health-promoting behaviors are positively associated with sexual quality of life, while sexual stigma and marginalization have adverse consequences. The study of sexuality needs to be fully integrated into gerontology. The Sexual Equity Framework explicates the potential deleterious effect of historical and contemporary structures on sexuality as well the important roles of affirmation, agency, and resilience among older adults, and recognizes the important role of human rights to advance sexual quality of life. Important directions for future research, practices, and policies are outlined.

Shakespeare’s Ambivalence: Epistemological Hesitation about the Origin of Evil

Recent studies of the conceptualization of the Devil in the early modern period have pointed to the shifting theological and philosophical coordinates, which made possible a diverse spectrum of representation of diabolical evil—from Francis Bacon’s naturalistic scepticism to King James’s supernatural demonology. Shakespeare has always been central to this discussion but has not yet been placed in a contextual frame that incorporates the rise of scholarly interest in the diabolical. This article interprets Shakespeare’s representation of diabolical evil in Hamlet (1601), Othello (1603), Measure for Measure (1604) and Macbeth (1606) as constituted by a complex tension between natural and supernatural ideas about the origin of evil. Drawing on a raft of recent scholarship on representations of witchcraft and devils in the period, I show that diabolical figures in the universe of Shakespeare during the period of great tragedies between 1601 to 1606 exist in two modes of representation: as a persistent magical ambience and as a localized agent. Ambivalence is expressed in the hesitation between these opposing theological modes and is evident in the way that the Devil’s material agency is obscured and left unresolved. Viewing this through the lens of the fantastic as an ontological uncertainty that results in epistemological hesitation helps us to frame Shakespeare’s ambivalence, which at least in part originates in the ambivalent theology of Calvin. The analysis thereby positions hesitation and diabolic temptation in line with Calvin’s theology and shows how Calvin’s framework of secular evil presents an intellectual context through which Shakespeare’s ambiguity can be understood in theological terms.

What does the term childhood behavioural disorders mean in the context of Aboriginal culture within Australia? Part 2: Historical and social context.

Childhood behavioural disorders (CBDs) are a common reason for referral to paediatric services and are associated with negative individual and societal outcomes. This article addresses how childhood became a distinct entity and how historical changes shaped its definition. Thereafter, the evolution of diagnostic criteria for CBD and associated limitations will be summarised. This will be followed by a discussion about Aboriginal culture, and the impact of colonisation on social and emotional well-being. This will provide a contextual frame for understanding how social and cultural context influences diagnoses of CBD in Aboriginal children. From this, a conversation about the journey moving forward will begin.

Can People Be Managed through Fear? An Enquiry into Arab Culture.

This research scrutinises the fear-driven management of Arabs. It conceptualises fear as a structural component of Arab society through a sociological lens and, by drawing upon the reflections of 28 Arab experts, philosophises on the potential of fear to develop into a well-configured managerial system (‘feararchy’) that regulates public and private lives. This research finds this system to rest upon a foundation of three forms of fear: ontological (the normalisation of fear), epistemological (the utilisation of fear to shape knowledge) and axiological (the influence of fear on acceptability). This article makes five contributions. First, it shows how, through turning fear into a collective status, Arab managers exploit fear for social control. Second, it demonstrates the institutional nature of Arabs’ fear, making it worthy of attention from the field of management. Third, it investigates fear as an individually internalised, socially constructed feeling that is psychologically manipulative. Fourth, it presents fear as not merely a natural psychological sensation but a managerially distorted contextual frame within which current (and future) members think and operate. Fifth and finally, it exposes the contextuality of fear: sources of fear in one context may not be sources of fear in another.

Systemic Reflections on Knowledge Transfer Comment on "Sustaining Knowledge Translation Practices: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis".

The systemic failure of organisational learning should not come as a surprise - after all every system delivers exactly what it is designed for. Knowledge management/transfer is a property of the organisational system rather than a particular technique. Hence, knowledge management/transfer is about the contextual framing in which learning focused on understanding can occur. Looking through a system lens any research field can be defined as a complex adaptive organisation, and its culture determines if and how learning and knowledge transfer (or shared learning) can occur. Creating and maintain a learning culture requires leadership that perpetuates continuous dialogues to achieve tacit and explicit knowledge exchange.

‘It’s not within my control’: local explanations for the development of lung cancer in China

ABSTRACT Rates of lung cancer in China are rising rapidly, creating an urgent need for prevention. Effective prevention measures require understanding local beliefs and perceptions about the risk for developing lung cancer. This article explores the explanations that Chinese lung cancer patients and their families give about the aetiology of their disease. Fifty-three interviews were conducted among lung cancer patients and their family members at a large tumour hospital in southern China. Participants presented a complex multifactorial explanation of lung cancer associating their disease with risks like tobacco use, occupational exposures, environmental pollution, lifestyle changes, and personal characters. While these are all standard risk factors commonly associated with lung cancer, participants presented them within a larger contextual frame of structural issues that impede their ability to change their behaviours. Using a social ecological model, we demonstrate how China’s socio-cultural environment shapes assumptions about the risk of lung cancer with particular reference to work, home, social situations, and the natural environment.