Dye Concentration Research Articles

Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes by synthesised lanthanum oxide nanoparticle

ABSTRACT Lanthanum oxide nanoparticles have gathered significant attention from researchers due to their exceptional free-radical scavenging properties. In this study, a lanthanum oxide was synthesised from the lanthanum nitrate via the sol-gel method using surfactant and characterised using various techniques such as UV-VIS, XRD and Zeta potential. The structural properties of the nanoparticles were analysed using XRD, DLS & ZETA potential techniques. The nanoparticles were subsequently used to evaluate their photocatalytic activity against Methylene blue (MB) and Malachite Green (MG) dye degradation, with experiments conducted under varying conditions, including pH, dye concentration, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and different light sources (direct sunlight, UV-365 nm, and UV-254 nm). The degradation kinetics followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic model for MB and MG with rate constants 0.08842 min−1, 0.07852 min−1 respectively.

Adsorptive removal of Congo red dye from industrial effluent using cotton calyx iron oxide (CC-Fe3O4) composite.

Environmental pollution is an emerging issue in the areas of South Asia and the burning of crop residues is one of the major contributors to smog/pollutants production. In recent work, the residues of cotton crop, i.e., cotton calyx (CC), have been converted into a valuable and eco-friendly adsorbent at zero cost for the refining of polluted waters. Furthermore, cotton calyx composite was synthesized with iron oxide (CC-Fe3O4) to improve its sorption potential for the mitigation of selected pollutants, i.e., Congo red (CR) dye. By using FTIR, SEM, TGA, and XRD, the newly synthesized biosorbents were characterized. SEM-EDX and FTIR analyses revealed that both biosorbents (CC and CC-Fe3O4) have a porous surface along with various functional groups, which is an indication of an ideal adsorbent for the sorptive removal of pollutants like dyes. The effect of the operating parameters (dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, and pH of the dye solution) on the sorption efficacy was studied to identify optimal conditions. The highest percentage of CR removal (99%) was achieved in an acidic medium using 0.6g CC-Fe3O4 composite in 60min at 20°C. Isothermal modeling of the parameter's optimization data proved that the Langmuir model (R = 0.97-0.99) is more able to explain the sorption process than Freundlich indicates the monolayer sorption process. Adsorption kinetics professed that pseudo-second-order rate law effectively represented the ongoing adsorption system. The thermodynamic studies revealed that the sorption process was spontaneous at room temperature as ∆H° was negative. The maximal sorption capacity among the sorbents is 20.66mgg-1 for CC-Fe3O4 composite, which is higher than CC. In conclusion, CC-Fe3O4 composite proved an efficient biosorbent for the mitigation of CR dye from wastewater.

Removal of rhodamine B and methylene blue using waste fibers from Inga edulis Mart as bioadsorbent: kinetics and thermodynamic parameters

In the present work, the modification, characterization, and application of the adsorption tests of the Ingá edulis Mart peels were carried out in the adsorption in natura and modified form in basic medium (NaOH 3 mol L-1) to perform the adsorption of methylene blue dyes and rhodamine b. This material was applied for the study of adsorption in aqueous medium where the best conditions of the main parameters were found. The influence of several factors, such as solution pH, contact time, adsorbent mass, and dye concentration, was studied by batch experiments. The optimum contact time to reach equilibrium was 20 min for Ingá edulis Mart in natura and modified in methylene blue and 40 min for Ingá edulis Mart in natura and modified in rhodamine b. The optimal adsorbent dose was 200 mg for both dyes. The study of the adsorption kinetics revealed that the adsorption process was better adjusted to the pseudo-first order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm in all configurations of the studied systems. The results obtained show that the biosorbents from the bark of Ingá edulis Mart can be applied as a low-cost adsorbent for removing methylene blue and rhodamine b from effluents, since it showed good adsorption capacity with the maximum adsorption value Qm of 25,62 mg g-1 for Rb and 30,47 mg g-1 for MB for adsorption after modification. Thermodynamic studies in this research showed a spontaneous, favorable, and endothermic adsorption.

Hierarchical molybdenum disulfide microspheres: A sustainable and highly efficient adsorbent for removal of methylene blue and congo red from wastewater

Abstract This study reports the facile and cost-effective hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchical molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) microspheres having superior adsorption capacity for organic dye pollutants. The structural and morphological characteristics of as-synthesized MoS2 microspheres were analyzed by using XRD, SEM, TEM and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Morphological studies revealed that the individual microspheres were composed of many interconnected MoS2 nanosheets, providing them a huge surface. On account of this unique feature, the MoS2 microspheres developed in the present study exhibited enhanced adsorption capacity for cationic dye methylene blue (MB) and anionic dye congo red (CR). The effects of pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, and contact time on the adsorption of MB and CR were investigated in detail in the present study. A maximum adsorption capacity of 681.10 and 978.43 mg/g were attained for MB and CR respectively which were exceptionally high in comparison with most of the previously reported MoS2-based adsorbents. The adsorption of MB and CR on MoS2 microspheres followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and the Freundlich isotherm model. The mechanism of adsorption was explored using intraparticle diffusion (IPD) and Richenberg models. The results showed that the adsorption of MB and CR onto MoS2 microspheres is a multi-step process and IPD has a major contribution in the case of CR adsorption. The MoS2 microspheres retained more than 90% removal efficiency even after five recycle runs. As the developed adsorbent consists of pristine MoS2, there are vast scopes for its functionalization/modification to improve its adsorption ability thereby making it an excellent platform for novel research in the field of environmental remediation.

Waste newspaper activation by sodium phosphate for adsorption dynamics of methylene blue

Abstract This study investigates the potential of using waste newspaper (WN) as an adsorbent for removing methylene blue (MB) dye from water, emphasizing the environmental benefits of repurposing waste materials. Activated carbon (AC) was synthesized from WN using sodium phosphate (NaH2PO4) as the activating agent, which is known for producing high mesopore content and requiring relatively low activation temperatures. The activated carbon’s physicochemical properties were thoroughly characterized using techniques such as FTIR, SEM, and surface area analysis based on the Brunner-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory. The specific surface area of AC was 917 m2/g. Continuous adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the synthesized activated carbon in a dynamic flow system. Various operating conditions, including initial dye concentration, influent flow rate, and bed height, were explored to optimize the adsorption process. This study applied the Yoon-Nelson, Thomas, Adams-Bohart and modified Logistic models to analyze the breakthrough curves and predict adsorption capacities. Results demonstrated that the AC exhibited high adsorption capacity (14.7 mg/g), particularly at lower flow rates and higher bed heights. This work offers valuable insights into sustainable wastewater treatment methods, showcasing the effectiveness of using low-cost, waste-derived activated carbon for dye removal in industrial applications.

Synthesis of a Novel Supermagnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and their Congo Red Dye Removal, Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities

Abstract Plantago lanceolata is a traditional medicinal plant that has attracted significant interest from researchers due to the use of its physiologically active components, particularly polyphenolics (flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids), in various fields. The aim of this study is to synthesize iron oxide (PLE@FeNPs) nanoparticles using a green synthesis approach with Plantago lanceolata (P. lanceolata) leaf extracts, characterize them, evaluate their in vitro effects, and assess their use in the removal of Congo red (CR) from wastewater. We carried out the physicochemical characterization of the nanoparticles using UV–Vis, FT-IR, and XRD spectroscopies; TEM and SEM microscopy; and Zetasizer particle size analysis. While the distinct peaks in XRD confirm the crystalline structure, TEM has determined an average particle size (8 nm) for PLE@NPs with deformed spherical nanoparticles. The FT-IR spectra showed that bioactive compounds from P. lanceolata were involved in the participation of PLE@FeNPs. EDX confirmed the presence of iron in the designed PLE@FeNPs. The antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer analyses of the studied PLE@FeNPs revealed significant activities. We investigated the adsorption kinetics of CR on PLE@FeNPs, taking into account initial dye concentration, different pH levels, adsorbent dosages, and temperature. At optimal conditions (concentration, 50 ppm; dosage, 15 mg; pH, 8), the degradation of CR dye in sunlight was found to be 99%. The small size of PLE@NPs (8 nm) and the more negative zeta potential (− 12.2 mV) support this situation. The equilibrium data demonstrated a good fit to the Langmuir isotherm model, outperforming the Freundlich isotherm model. The results showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model accurately described the kinetic data. PLE@NPs exhibited significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. This situation suggests that the nanocomposition of PLE@NPs obtained through the green route may have improved efficiency due to various synergistic effects. Overall, these results pave the way for further applications in dye removal and biological applications of environmentally friendly PLE@FeNPs. Graphical Abstract

Predicting Dye Formulations and Ultrasonic Pretreatment Power in Wood Staining with a SAT Fusion-Gated BiLSTM Model Optimized by Improved Dung Beetle Algorithm

Wood dyeing plays a crucial role in enhancing the value of plantation wood and addressing the imbalance between supply and demand in the wood industry. However, challenges such as low dye uptake and inaccurate color matching persist. This study introduces a novel Separable Attention Feature Fusion-Gated Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (SAT Fusion-Gated BiLSTM) model to more accurately predict dye concentration and ultrasonic pretreatment power to address these issues. The model integrates multispectral data and uses ultrasonic treatment to open fiber gaps and decompose wood components, thereby improving dye uptake. Unlike traditional models, SAT Fusion-Gated BiLSTM combines a Maximum Information Coefficient (MIC)-based feature selection module, gated linear units for enhanced feature extraction, and an improved cross-attention mechanism for efficient data fusion. Compared to traditional deep learning models, the model’s performance is significantly improved, including an R2 of 0.9274, an RMSE of 0.0470, an RPIQ of 5.5825, an RPD of 5.0400, and a MAE of 0.0229. RPIQ and RPD improve by over 100.8% compared to traditional deep learning models, and the runtime is reduced by 83.94% when compared to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNS). The Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) reveals the key spectral features that drive these predictions. These advancements in accuracy, efficiency, and interpretability make the model particularly promising for industrial applications, offering both improved operational efficiency and more precise resource management in the sustainable use of timber.

Machine learning-assisted prediction of engineered carbon systems' capacity to treat textile dyeing wastewater via adsorption technology.

Dyes are widely used in industries like printing, cosmetics, paper, leather processing, textiles, and manufacturing to add color to products. However, improper disposal of dyes into wastewater has raised major concerns due to their harmful effects on plants, animals, and humans. Using engineered carbon systems (ECSs) to treat dye-contaminated wastewater has shown promise for sustainable waste management. Dye adsorption on ECSs is a complex, non-linear process, making it essential to understand ECSs' dye removal capabilities through a modeling framework that includes experimental and environmental factors. To support this, a database of ECSs used in dye removal from textile wastewater was compiled. Twelve machine learning models, including XGBoost, Light Gradient Boost, Random Forest, Gradient Boost, CatBoost, AdaBoost, Decision Tree, Artificial Neural Network, K-Nearest Neighbor, Support Vector Machine, Huber, and Ridge Regressor, were applied to analyze ECSs' dye removal potential. Out of all the models, XGBoost exhibited the highest coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.986 during the training and 0.978 during testing, alongside the lowest prediction error (MSE) of 0.01 and 0.136 in the training phase and testing phase. The quantity of ECS, concentration of dye (Co), and pH of wastewater highly influenced the adsorption process. The optimization results indicated the highest affinity of direct, reactive, and dispersed dyes towards ECSs in the acidic solution. In contrast, the maximum adsorption of Basic and VAT dye on ECSs was found in the alkaline solution. The partial dependence analysis provided valuable insights into the interaction between ECS dose and water matrix parameters that can lead to efficient extraction of dyes from aqueous matrices.

Catalytic-assisted remediation and phytotoxicity evaluations of organic pollutants in the presence of metal-doped Bi2O3-based NPs catalyst.

The chemical co-precipitation method was used to synthesize a variety of pure Bi2O3 and substituted Bi2-2xCoxCdxO3 NPs (x=0.0-0.8) and doping influences were evaluated based on the optical, photocatalytic, morphological, and structural characteristics. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-visible techniques were used to explore the characteristics of the synthesized Bi2O3-based NPs. XRD measurements confirmed the monoclinic structure and a P21/c space group, whereas the particle size was between 22 and 41nm. The SEM analysis gives the morphology of the synthesized NPs that were diverse and agglomerated platelets, whereas the EDX measurements provide the presence of Co and Cd in Bi2-2xCoxCdxO3 NPs. Additionally, FTIR investigations confirmed the existence of functional groups in Bi2-2xCoxCdxO3 NPs. The ultraviolet-visible absorbance region displaying a considerable red shift allowed for tuning of the band gap from 2.64 to 2.37eV. By analyzing the degradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) dye in the presence of sunlight, pure Bi2O3 NPs showed 65.04% whereas the substituted Bi2-2xCoxCdxO3 NPs demonstrated enhanced photodegradation (86.40%) in 105min. For the degradation of RB-5 dye, the effects of catalyst dosage, dye concentration, and pH variations were studied as well. The phytotoxicity experiment was also performed by comparing the germination of Triticum aestivum seeds in treated and untreated RB-5 dye. In the untreated dye solution, seed germination was 50% inhibited, and in the treated dye solution, germination was observed to be 80%. Additionally, recycling investigations were used to confirm the stability of these fabricated nanoparticles, and the results showed that nanomaterials exhibited significant stability and reusability. Co and Cd-doped Bi2O3 NPs are promising solar-active photocatalysts for dye removal from wastewater applications because of their improved photocatalytic activity and narrow bandgap.

Insights into the expeditious photocatalytic performance of greenly fabricated CeVO4 nanoparticles using Polyalthia longifolia leaf extract

Insights into the expeditious photocatalytic performance of greenly fabricated CeVO4 nanoparticles using Polyalthia longifolia leaf extract

Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline, sucrose octaacetate and chitosan blend for removal of remazol black by adsorption: Equilibrium, kinetics, and regeneration.

In this work, a polymeric blend of polyaniline (PAni) and chitosan (Chi), modified with Sucrose Octaacetate (SOA), was synthesized and characterized using different techniques. The blend was used as an adsorbent to remove Remazol Black (RB) dye from aqueous solutions. The blend was synthesized using the chemical oxidation method with ammonium persulfate as the oxidizing agent. Characterization was carried out using SEM, FT-IR, UV-Vis, BET, TGA, Conductivity, and PZc techniques. The blend structure appeared as clusters, providing a favorable surface area for adsorption. The results showed that SOA improved the conductivity of the blend without altering the structure and oxidative state of PAni. The study investigated the adsorption of RB, considering the influence of adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH, and temperature. Kinetic and equilibrium studies, thermodynamic analysis, synthetic effluent testing, and adsorbent reuse tests were conducted. The optimal adsorption conditions, within the studied range, were adsorbent dosage of 0.25gL-1, dye concentration of 60mgL-1, pH range of 2 to 7, and temperature of 30°C. Equilibrium results indicated that the Langmuir model was the most representative, with a maximum adsorption capacity of qmax=285.23mgg-1 and RL=0.01, indicating favorable adsorption. The kinetic study revealed an equilibrium constant of Keq=0.421Lmg-1 and a process order 0.63. The adsorption process followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics, demonstrating rapid adsorption on the adsorbent surface. The adsorption was physical, endothermic, and spontaneous, showing increased randomness with temperature. RB removal from synthetic effluent was effective within the pH range of 2-7, with the dye removal efficiency from the aqueous phase remaining above 74% for up to 4cycles of adsorption-desorption. The results support the hypothesis that the PAni-SOA@Chi blend is a promising alternative for removing this dye from the waste.

Dye Sensitized Photoactivation of ZnO/Zn(NCN) Nanocomposites Obtained via Solvent Free Mechanothermal Process and Their Photocatalytic Application

Dye Sensitized Photoactivation of ZnO/Zn(NCN) Nanocomposites Obtained via Solvent Free Mechanothermal Process and Their Photocatalytic Application

Combined hydrodynamic cavitation and advanced oxidation process for the degradation of hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride

ABSTRACT Wastewater produced by the Textile industry contains dyes, aromatic, phenolic and various complex compounds which seriously harm the environment due to their high toxicity and carcinogenicity. The dyes found in wastewater are the ones frequently used to add colour to various industrial processes. The present study investigates the degradation of hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride (HPC) dye using hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) along with other oxidants. In an HC reactor, the effect of two different cavitating devices venturi and orifice and its combined effect with ZnO, H2O2, KPS, ZnO + H2O2 for the degradation of HPC have been investigated in detail. The effect of several operating parameters such as inlet pressure (3–7 bar), temperature (25–55 °C), initial concentration (50–300 mg/L) and initial pH (2–7) with respect to cavitation time has been analysed based on the removal of colour, TOC and TN. At the optimum initial dye concentration of 100 ppm, a pH of 5, a temperature of 35 °C and a pressure of 4 bar the maximum removal of TOC was found to be 46.4% and 28.4% for the venturi and orifice plate, respectively, for 120 min of treatment time. The study also focused on the combined oxidation approaches and compared that with the individual process. The extent of HPC mineralization rose from 46.4% for only HC to 67.3% and 43.6% for the combined HC + H2O2+ ZnO and H2O2 + ZnO, respectively. Overall, it can be concluded that hydrodynamic cavitation-based combined treatment methods are very effective for the degradation of hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride dye.

Features of stimulated Raman scattering of a mixture of laser dyes in random media and possibility of using them in Raman spectroscopy

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) of pyrromethene 597 (PM597) and rhodamine 6G (R6G) mixture in vesicular polymeric films is investigated depending on the dye concentration ratio. SRS in this mixture occurs together with the random lasing (RL) of both dyes, which stimulates it. When the RL spectrum of one dye (Pm 597) is broader than the other (R6G), its RL emission stimulates the SRS of that other dye beyond its own RL spectrum. Such a situation was demonstrated at the dominant concentration of PM597 in a mixture with R6G, at which its RL spectrum becomes broader than that of R6G. Due to this, the RL radiation of PM597 is able to stimulate the SRS of R6G without participation of the own latter’s RL radiation. This can be used for determine the Raman spectrum of the latter in more widely spectral range. It is shown that this approach is promising for expanding the possibilities of Raman spectroscopy of laser dyes.

Adsorption of synthetic cationic dyes from water (experimental, DFT and Monte Carlo studies) and treatment of real industrial wastewater using dextrose compound-modified layered double hydroxide

Adsorption of synthetic cationic dyes from water (experimental, DFT and Monte Carlo studies) and treatment of real industrial wastewater using dextrose compound-modified layered double hydroxide

Photocatalytical Degradation of Methylene Blue using Laboratory Prepared Cadmium Sulphide

The cadmium sulphide (CdS) has been successfully synthesized in laboratory by chemical precipitation method. Cadmium chloride and sodium sulfide were used as precursor for the synthesis of CdS photocatalyst. The synthesized material was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy. The XRD peaks are obvious at 25.05, 26.9, 28.29, 43.9, 47.9, 52.07, 2θ degrees which indicates the crystalline phase of as prepared CdS material and average crystalline size was found to be 5.25 nm. Synthesized CdS nanoparticles were used to degrade the methylene blue (MB) dye under the irradiation of UV light. Different parameters like pH, concentration of MB dye, dose of CdS photocatalyst, UV irradiation time were evaluated. The preeminent pH of MB solution was found to be 9, the optimum catalyst dose was found to be 100 mg. Maximum 96% MB degradation was established when 1% of 1mL H2O2 was added along with 100 mg photocatalyst with continuous 210 minutes irradiation of UV light. The H2O2 provides sufficient •OH radicals and upsurges the efficiency of CdS photocatalyst. The results revealed that laboratory prepared CdS nanoparticles could be a good material to use as a photocatalyst for the degradation of cationic dye like MB.

Colorimetric and Textile Properties of Huacaya Alpaca Fibers Dyed With Cochineal: A Sustainable Approach

Objective: To investigate the colorimetric and textile properties of Huacaya alpaca fibers dyed with cochineal, promoting a sustainable approach in the textile industry through the use of natural resources and traditional methods, improving product quality and minimizing environmental impact. Theoretical Framework: The main concepts and theories that support the research on the colorimetric and textile properties of Huacaya alpaca fibers dyed with cochineal dye are presented, focusing on sustainability. Method: The methodology included a randomized experimental design with a factorial arrangement to evaluate the impact of different mordants and concentrations of cochineal dye on the colorimetric and textile properties of alpaca fiber, with data collection through experimental methods. Results and Discussion: The results showed significant differences in colorimetry parameters, textile characteristics, and chemical bands, depending on the type of mordant and dye concentration used. Wash fastness was notably high in the MAL-2 and MCOL-2 samples, indicating the effectiveness of sustainable practices. However, the study's limitations might be related to the experimental design, sample selection, and analysis method employed. Research Implications: The results promote the use of natural dyes in textile production, encouraging sustainable practices, reducing harmful chemicals, and conserving biological resources, which influences conservation policies and supports fair trade and local products. Originality/Value: This study applies innovative methodologies to evaluate Huacaya alpaca fibers dyed with cochineal, promoting sustainability, the use of natural dyes, conservation of biological resources, fair trade, and sustainable management policies.

Kinetic and isothermal study of dye absorption using pre-treated natural fabrics using polyamine compounds

The study examined the use of cationic polymers (Polyethyleneimine and chitosan) in treating fabrics like cotton, wool, and cotton/wool (70/30) to improve their dyeability and printability. The study examined factors such as dye concentration, time, and temperature for the dyeing process. Results showed that all dyed and printed fabrics treated with polyethyleneimine and chitosan increased color strength by significant percentages. Fastness properties, such as washing, rubbing, acidic and alkaline perspiration, and lightness, improved significantly. Fabric roughness, tensile strength, and elongation decreased by about 4-10% for each fabric. Additionally, the dyed and printed fabrics showed high resistance to bacteria and fungi. The study contributed to reducing chemicals used in traditional dyeing processes by a significant percentage, as the dyeing bath contained only the treated sample and dye solution. Furthermore kintic and isothermal study was investigated to explain the behaviour of treated fabrics for dye absorption.

Quantitative profiling pH heterogeneity of acidic endolysosomal compartments using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy.

The endolysosomal system plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and promoting organism fitness. The pH of its acidic compartments is a crucial parameter for proper function, and it is dynamically influenced by both intracellular and environmental factors. Here, we present a method based on fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) for quantitatively analyzing the pH profiles of acidic endolysosomal compartments in diverse types of primary mammalian cells and in live organism Caenorhabditis elegans. This FLIM-based method exhibits high sensitivity in resolving subtle pH differences, thereby revealing heterogeneity within a cell and across cell types. This method enables rapid measurement of pH changes in the acidic endolysosomal system in response to various environmental stimuli. Furthermore, the fast FLIM measurement of pH-sensitive dyes circumvents the need for transgenic reporters and mitigates potential confounding factors associated with varying dye concentrations or excitation light intensity. This FLIM approach offers absolute pH quantification and highlights the significance of pH heterogeneity and dynamics, offering a valuable tool for investigating lysosomal functions and their regulation in various physiological and pathological contexts.

Methylene Blue Removal Using Activated Carbon from Olive Pits: Response Surface Approach and Artificial Neural Network

This study evaluated the efficiency of methylene blue (MB) removal by using activated carbon produced from olive pits. The activated carbon (OPAC) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The adsorption process was optimized in two stages using factorial design. Based on the existing literature, the first stage selected the most influential variables (reaction time, dosage, pH, and dye concentration). Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) approaches have been combined to optimize and model the adsorption of MB. To assess the optimal conditions for MB adsorption, RSM was initially applied using four controllable operating parameters. Throughout the optimization process, various independent variables were employed, including initial dye concentrations ranging from 25 to 125 mg/L, adsorbent dosages ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 g/L, pH values spanning from 1 to 9, and contact times ranging from 15 to 75 min. Moreover, the R2 value (R2 = 0.9804) indicates that regression can effectively forecast the response of the adsorption process within the examined range. Thermodynamic studies were performed for three different temperatures between 293 and 303 K. Isothermal analysis parameters and negative Gibbs free energy indicate that the process is spontaneous and favorable. The data best fit the Langmuir model. This research showcases the effectiveness of optimizing and predicting the color removal process through the combined RSM-ANN approach. It highlights the effectiveness of adsorption using OPAC as a viable primary treatment method for the removal of color from wastewater-containing dyes.