Content Validity Coefficient Research Articles

The CRAVE and ARGE scales for motivation states for physical activity and sedentarism: Brazilian Portuguese translation and single-item versions.

Motivation states for physical activity and sedentarism potentially vary from moment to moment. The CRAVE scale (Cravings for Rest and Volitional Energy Expenditure) was developed to assess transient wants and desires to move. Three studies were conducted with the aims of: (1) translating and validating the scale in Brazilian Portuguese, (2) examining changes with exercise, and (3) determining the best single-item for Move and Rest subscales for English and Portuguese. In Study 1, six bilingual speakers translated the scale into Brazilian Portuguese [named Anseios por Repouso e Gastos com Energia (ARGE)]. The ARGE had good content validity coefficients across three dimensions (0.89-0.91), as determined by three independent, bilingual referees. 1,168 participants (mean age = 30.6, SD = 12.2) from across Brazil completed an online version of the ARGE. An Exploratory Factor Analysis found two clear, oblique, and inversely related factors (Move and Rest; GFI = 1.00, RMSR = 0.03). Reliability was good (Cronbach α's: 0.93 and 0.92). Two models of the scale (10 vs. 13 items) were compared with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The previously validated version using 10 scored items (GFI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.07, RMSR = 0.02) outperformed the version scored with 13 items. State anxiety and exercise behavior had small associations with Move and Rest (-0.20 to 0.26). In Study 2, ARGE Move scores had high correspondence post-session (ICC = 0.83) for 9 women performing short Sprint Interval Training (sSIT; 6 sessions). Large, but non-significant, effects were detected for changes in motivation states with sSIT. In Study 3, IRT analyses found that for the United States sample, "be physically active" and "be still" were the most representative items for Move and Rest, respectively, while for the Brazil sample they were "exert my muscles" and "be a couch potato." Overall, it was found that: (A) the ARGE scale demonstrated good psychometric properties, (B) the original scoring (with 10 items) resulted in the best model, (C) it had small associations with exercise behavior, and (D) the subscales were reduced to single items that varied by country, indicating potential cultural differences in the concept of motivation states for physical activity.

Identifying And Ranking the Factors Affecting the Cultural Excellence of The Higher Education Institutions, Using the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach (AHP-TOPSIS)

The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the factors affecting the cultural excellence of university, using multi-criteria decision-making techniques in Guilan Province. The study is an applied that has an exploratory and descriptive nature. The statistical population includes 3663 experts, professors, and managers of the Islamic Azad University branches, Payam Noor University, and Guilan University. According to Morgan table, 331 people were selected as the sample size and the initial questionnaire was stratified-randomly distributed. Also, the opinions of 15 experts were used to evaluate the factors in the TOPSIS and AHP models. The instrument for data collection is researcher-made and standard questionnaires, whose validity and reliability have been confirmed through content validity, construct validity and Cronbach's reliability coefficient, respectively. In this regard, descriptive analysis, structural equations and AHP-TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making techniques were used to rank the research variables. The results obtained from the opinions of experts and stakeholders of universities using multi-criteria decision-making methods showed that "quality" with a weight ratio of 0.274 has the highest priority. Also, "Professional competence culture of professors" with a weight ratio of 0.185, "Imitation of the myths of universities" with a weight ratio of 0.116 , "Management model" with a weight ratio of 0.106 , "Learning" with a weight ratio 0.099, "regional participation" with a weight ratio of 0.060, "university communication culture with stakeholders" with a weight ratio of 0.043, "empowerment" with a weight ratio of 0.038 , "intellectual capital culture" with the weight ratio of 0.030 , "research" with the weight ratio of 0.026, and finally the factor of "disciplinary culture" with the weight ratio of 0.025 are in the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth, the sixth, the seventh, the eighth, the ninth, the tenth and the last priority, respectively.

Design and validation of a self-reported dietary polyphenol intake frequency questionnaire.

although there is evidence linking polyphenol consumption with better health outcomes, information on consumption patterns, particularly in Latin American countries, is scarce. to design and evaluate the validity of an online self-reported food frequency questionnaire to measure dietary total polyphenol intake in the Chilean adult population. the designed questionnaire (FFQ-P) was submitted to expert opinion for content validity coefficient estimation; then a pilot study was conducted in 47 adults who completed FFQ-P, in addition to a six-day food record as a reference method. Wilcoxon was applied in related samples, Spearman's correlation to determine the strength of association and Bland-Altman diagrams to examine the difference between methods. content validity reflected concordant values for adequacy (0.94 ± 0.04) and relevance (0.93 ± 0.05). The percentage difference between both methods was 1.2 %, with greater variability observed in fruits (9 %) and alcoholic beverages (4 %). The Wilcoxon test showed no significant differences between food groups. Medium reliability was observed for vegetables, fruits, tea, and coffee (0.26 to 0.5) and moderate reliability for alcoholic beverages (0.5 to 0.75). The mean value of the difference was 9.8, being within a short distance of zero. FFQ-P is reliable for estimating polyphenol intake from fruits, vegetables, alcoholic beverages, tea, and coffee; however, the intake of non-alcoholic beverages, nuts and olives should be interpreted with reservation.

Transcultural adaptation, content, and internal structure validity evidence of the perceived efficacy and goal setting system - 2 edition for Brazilian children.

AimThe aim was to investigate the validity of evidence of the Perceived Efficacy and Goal Setting System second edition for Brazilian children.Methods258 children participated, both sexes (n = 133 girls; 51.6%), 5 to 9 years old (total sample Mage = 7.1, SD = 1.4), from four regions of Brazil. The Perceived Efficacy and Goal Setting System – second edition, was used.ResultsExperts showed agreement about the high clarity and practical pertinence of the items (content validity coefficient from 98.4 to 100%; Gwet’s agreement coefficient from 0.85 to 1.00, p < 0.001). Confirmatory factorial analysis showed adequate adjustment indexes (RMSEA [0.048, 90% C.I. = 0.043 to 0.053], SRMR [0.243], CFI [0.91], RNI [0.91], TLI [0.91], ꭓ2/df [1.962]). The multigroup analysis showed configural, metric and scalar invariance of two models for gender (CFI = 0.97; RMSEA, [90%C.I.] = 0.05 [0.03 to 0.07]; metric: ΔRMSEA = 0.001; scalar: ΔRMSEA = −0.004) and age band (5–7 years-old and 8–9 years-old; CFI = 0.94; RMSEA, [90%C.I.] = 0.05 [0.03 to 0.07]; metric: ΔRMSEA = 0.002; scalar: ΔRMSEA = 0.010). The Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio test showed adequate discriminant validity among three dimensions (self-care and productivity [value = 0.76]; self-care and leisure [value = 0.57], productivity and leisure [value = 0.76]). Alpha for polychoric correlations showed an adequate internal consistency for all items and total scale (all α values >0.70). Composite reliability (Self-care = 0.8; Productivity = 0.81; Leisure = 0.8) reinforce evidence about reliability. Percentage agreement showed adequate item-level test-retest reliability (values between 76 and 92%).ConclusionThis scale showed adequate content and internal structure validity evidence to assess the perceived self-efficacy for Brazilian children.

Do Brazilian consumers intend to use food labels to make healthy food choices? An assessment before the front-of-package labelling policy

Front-of-package labelling is a measure that can facilitate consumption of healthier foods. This study examined the predictors of consumers' intentions to use food labelling to make healthy food choices and prevent non-communicable diseases before the implementation of the front-of-package labelling policy in Brazil. An extended theory of planned behaviour incorporating knowledge and food literacy served as the theoretical foundation. First, experts (n = 6) and the target population (n = 30) validated the questionnaire, and the validation data were analysed using content validity coefficients (CVC). An online questionnaire was administered to 783 participants, and data were collected between May and October 2022. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the prediction hypothesis. The questionnaire showed adequate content validity, with all indicators of CVC ≥ 0.75. In the PLS-SEM attitudes (p < 0.001), subjective norms (p < 0.001), knowledge (p < 0.001), and food literacy (p < 0.001) positively predicted the intention to use food labels to make healthy food choices, confirming the main hypothesis. Also, Food literacy and knowledge predicted all constructs of the theory of planned behaviour (p < 0.001). The results highlight the importance of providing nutritional knowledge and food literacy, developing nutritional skills and abilities to encourage consumers to make healthy food choices, and to strengthen other policies such as front-of-package labelling.

INSTRUMENT FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF DENTISTS’ ADHERENCE TO INFECTION CONTROL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Objective To develop and validate an instrument for the assessment of dentists’ adherence to infection control protocols and the identification of psychological aspects in dental practices against infectious diseases. Study Design Methodological study conducted in the following steps: establishment of conceptual structure and definition of instrument objectives and the population involved; elaboration of items and response scales; instrument structuring; content validity to judge representativeness, clarity, and degree of understanding of the items; semantic validity to verify dentists’ clarity and comprehension of the items. Results The instrument initially consisted of 49 items with five dimensions. In content validation, the instrument was presented to a committee of eight postgraduate experts in the area. Items that presented a Content Validity Coefficient of less than 0.8 were modified, and the instrument was reduced to 46 items. Semantic validity was performed by thirty-two dentists with different qualification levels. After the necessary adjustments, the instrument consisted of 38 questions. Conclusion The instrument entitled "Biosafety Scale and Psychological Aspects related to infectious diseases in Dentistry" was elaborated and validated. However, for its use in the target population, it is necessary to assess the reliability and construct the validity of the instrument. To develop and validate an instrument for the assessment of dentists’ adherence to infection control protocols and the identification of psychological aspects in dental practices against infectious diseases. Methodological study conducted in the following steps: establishment of conceptual structure and definition of instrument objectives and the population involved; elaboration of items and response scales; instrument structuring; content validity to judge representativeness, clarity, and degree of understanding of the items; semantic validity to verify dentists’ clarity and comprehension of the items. The instrument initially consisted of 49 items with five dimensions. In content validation, the instrument was presented to a committee of eight postgraduate experts in the area. Items that presented a Content Validity Coefficient of less than 0.8 were modified, and the instrument was reduced to 46 items. Semantic validity was performed by thirty-two dentists with different qualification levels. After the necessary adjustments, the instrument consisted of 38 questions. The instrument entitled "Biosafety Scale and Psychological Aspects related to infectious diseases in Dentistry" was elaborated and validated. However, for its use in the target population, it is necessary to assess the reliability and construct the validity of the instrument.

Development, validation, and reliability of a measurement scale for investigating the principle of intercooperation

AbstractThe present study aims to develop and validate a measurement scale for investigating the principle of intercooperation, in order to provide researchers in the field of cooperativism with a valid and reliable measure. To this end, four main steps were followed: conceptual mastery, theoretical validation, semantic validation, and statistical validation. First, a preliminary scale was developed based on a literature review and interviews with 20 representatives of cooperatives and representative organizations. Later, the evaluation was carried out by eight academic judges and analyzed using the Content Validity Coefficient. A pre‐test was then carried out with subjects from the population, and subsequently the scale was applied to a sample of 213 cooperatives. Finally, factor analysis was performed with the aim of evaluating convergent and factorial validity as well as individual and construct reliability. Thus, it is proposed that the principle of intercooperation be measured by two different scales. The first, called “Horizontal Intercooperation”, presented a Composite Reliability equal to 0.81 and Average Variance Extracted equal to 0.68. The second, called “Vertical Intercooperation”, presented a Composite Reliability equal to 0.96 and Average Variance Extracted equal to 0.69. After the analyses, the proposed intercooperation scales showed signs of validity and reliability.

Care plan for breast cancer survivors: translation and validation

Objective: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the content of the Treatment Summary and Survivorship Care Plan (TSSCP-S) for Brazilian breast cancer survivors. Methods: Methodological, quantitative study performed according to the steps of translation, compatibility and back-translation, construction of consensus of opinions in a group of experts for content validation, according to the Delphi technique and user evaluation. Results: The translated and cross-culturally adapted plan was evaluated by ten professionals, including nurses, physicians, psychologists, nutritionists and physical therapists with a degree, scientific production, knowledge and time working on the subject. Consensus was obtained in two rounds. The instrument presented a content validity coefficient of 83.3% in the second round of Delphi. In the evaluation of content, clarity, usefulness, cultural and socioecological responsiveness domains, agreement was 93.3%. The sociodemographic and clinical profile of users was heterogeneous, contributing to the necessary cultural adjustments, with a final consensus of 93.9%. Conclusion: The care plan was translated into Brazilian Portuguese, cross-culturally adapted and its contents were validated considering national health policies.

INSTRUMENT VALIDITY FOR LEARNING RESOURCES ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL DISASTER FOR COASTAL AREAS: AN ANALYSIS OF AIKEN'S V

This paper describes the instrument validity for digital learning resources for coastal areas based digital in the elementary school by using Aiken's V analysis. The purpose of the research is to develop an instrument that can be seen as the validity for every instrument item to obtain information about the need for digital-based coastal area disaster learning resources in elementary schools. The research approach uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive research method. Instrument design and validation were carried out in three stages; (a) literature review, (b) instrument draft design, and (c) qualitative and quantitative rater review of the instrument. Content validity is validated using the V Aikens coefficient. The content validity coefficient is measured by 8 raters based on the assessment results. It is assessed based on certain scales, which consisted of strongly agree (scale 4), agree (scale 3), disagree (scale 2), and strongly disagree (scale 1). The research results indicate that aspect 1, with four instrument items, is in the high category. For aspect 2, three instruments are in the high category. Aspect 3 with three instruments is in the moderate category. For aspect 4, two instruments are in the moderate category. Aspect 5 with three instruments is in the moderate category. In aspect 5, there are two high-category instrument items and three medium-category instrument items. It is concluded that out of the 22 items of needs analysis, in general, it was valid. Nevertheless, several instrument items needed to be reviewed, namely on the editorial aspect of the statement.

Álbum seriado para promoção da autoeficácia na asma infantil: construção e validação

ABSTRACT Objective: To construct and validate the content and appearance of an information booklet to promote self-efficacy of parents and/or caregivers in childhood asthma management and control. Method: This is a methodological study, developed from educational material elaboration, validity and assessment by 25 content judges and three technical judges. Language clarity, practical pertinence and theoretical relevance were used, calculating the Content Validity Coefficient (CVC) for validity, and the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) instrument was applied for assessment. Judges were also able to make suggestions for modifications on each page of the booklet. Pages that reached a CVC ≥ 0.80 for content judges and CVC ≥ 0.70 for technical judges were considered validated. Results: The total CVC of the booklet was 0.96 for content judges and 0.83 for technical judges. The educational material was considered superior according to the SAM, with a total score of 92.67% for content judges and 73.81% for technical judges. Changes were made to the booklet after the validity process, according to judges’ suggestions, resulting in a second version. Conclusion: The information booklet is valid and has a high degree of recommendation for use with parents and/or caregivers in childhood asthma control and management.

Content Validity of Collective Efficacy Questionnaire for Natural Disasters Based on Aceh Local Wisdom

Disaster preparedness is one of the efforts to reduce the impact of disasters. This preparedness is very important for people who directly feel the disaster and the impact of the disaster itself. Preparedness behavior in this community can be influenced by collective efficacy, namely the ability of community members to work together and take action in dealing with disasters. For this reason, it is necessary to develop an instrument that can measure collective efficacy in the context of disaster. This research focuses on developing instruments that can measure the collective efficacy of communities in the context of natural disasters based on local wisdom adapted to the local culture of Aceh. Collective efficacy instruments were developed, and content validity was tested. This article describes the procedure for calculating content validity coefficients. The purpose of this study was to conduct content validity of collective efficacy questionnaire for natural disasters based on Aceh local wisdom. Content validity refers to the extent to which the instrument covers the content that is supposed to be measured. Content validity was assessed using a five-point Likert scale and then analyzed using Aiken‟s V formula to obtain the content validity coefficient. Item analysis was carried out by 7 experts in the fields of psychometrics, social science, disaster science, and measurement who assessed content representation based on construction, relevance, and clarity. As a result, of the 47 items that were validated, 7 items did not meet the valid requirements because the content validity coefficient was below 0.75.

Theoretical procedures of the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Child Mania Rating Scale - Parent Version (CMRS-P) for the Brazilian context.

To describe the theoretical procedures employed in the process of cross-cultural adaptation (CCA) for Brazil of the Child Mania Rating Scale - Parent Version (CMRS-P). Seven steps were carried out: (1) translations and synthesis; (2) Committee of Judges-I; (3) grammatical review; (4) Committee of Judges-II; (5) semantic analysis (pre-test); (6) back-translation; and (7) discussion with the authors of the original instrument. Participants were two professional translators, 14 experts, a grammar proofreader, and 21 parents/guardians, representatives of the target population. The results were analyzed in terms of the percentage of agreement between evaluators and the content validity coefficient (CVC) and by analysis of comments and suggestions. Grammatical and cultural adjustments were made, in addition to substitution and/or inclusion of words and examples. Adequacy agreement indexes exceeding 86% were achieved and the CVC result for the total scale was excellent (0.95). The pre-test indicated good acceptance and understanding by participants. The proposed version proved to be promising for use in the Brazilian context, although further psychometric studies are still needed to prove the scale's validity and reliability.

Construção e validação de manual informativo sobre a atuação fonoaudiológica na atenção primária à saúde

ABSTRACT Purpose: to develop and validate an informative handbook on the role of speech-language-hearing therapy in primary health care. Methods: handbook development was preceded by a bibliographical survey for the theoretical framework. Validation consisted of two stages, with respectively 10 and eight speech-language-hearing judges in the first and second ones. An online questionnaire with 14 statements on content, language, illustrations, layout, and motivation assessed the material, scoring it with a 5-point Likert scale of agreement. It also had room for suggestions. The quantitative analysis was performed with two measures: Content Validity Index and Content Validity Coefficient. Values below 80% indicated the need for revision. The qualitative analysis was based on the judges' comments. Results: in the first stage, despite obtaining satisfactory indices, the qualitative analysis revealed aspects to be improved. The handbook’s “Content” and “Language” were adjusted, and it was resent to the judges for further review. In the second stage, the quantitative analysis revealed increased agreement rates for most of the investigated items. Conclusion: the validation stages had high approval rates, indicating that the handbook may be used as a guide for speech-language-hearing practice in primary health care.

CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE ROTEIROS PARA TREINAMENTO DE HABILIDADES SOBRE TERAPIA NUTRICIONAL ENTERAL NA DESOSPITALIZAÇÃO

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct and validate the content of two multidisciplinary scripts for the care of patients with chronic diseases using enteral nutrition therapy, based on skills training, using clinical simulation, in the dehospitalization process. Method: this is a methodological study carried out at a federal public hospital in the Brazilian Midwest, between January and September 2022, in two phases: script construction and validity with 19 and 11 expert judges, respectively. Analysis occurred through the Content Validity Coefficient, the Content Validity Index and the Agreement Index. Results: two scripts were constructed and validated for caregivers’ skills training and qualification to care for patients using home enteral nutrition therapy in the process of dehospitalization by nasogastric tube and/or by gastrostomy. For construction, the study had the active participation of six experts, from a multidisciplinary perspective. For script validity, the following values of Content Validity Coefficient, Content Validity Index and Agreement Index were reached, respectively: 0.998, 1.000, and 100%. Most experts’ suggestionswere met. Conclusion: the scripts were considered valid in their content. They can be used by health professionals to carry out educational activities in the hospital environment regarding caregivers’ preparation the management of home enteral nutrition therapy, when leaving the hospital.

Development of a mobile application for emergency shift handovers using the National Early Warning Score.

To develop and validate a prototype of a mobile application shift handover between nurses in the emergency room using a severity scale. This is a technological tool carried out at the Universidade Estadual de Maringá using design thinking, divided into four phases: discovering, defining, developing, and delivering. To structure the information, a checklist was used based on the Situation Background Assessment Recommendation, and to categorize patients in terms of severity, the National Early Warning Score was used. The validation of the sample was carried out by 10 nurses, specialized in the field of urgency and emergency, using the System Usability Scale questionnaire to assess usability. The content validity coefficient was used for analysis. The application scored 75.75 in usability and had a content validity coefficient of 0.8. The prototype obtained an excellent evaluation of usability and agreement between evaluators. Future studies are needed for implementation in practice, evaluating the practicality, applicability, efficiency and time savings in shift information transfer.

CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE CENÁRIO SIMULADO-CHECKLIST PARA AVALIAÇÃO E IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ARRITMIAS CHOCÁVEIS: ESTUDO METODOLÓGICO

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct and validate a simulated scenario and checklist for the assessment and identification of shockable arrhythmias by nurses in adults hospitalized in an Intensive Care Unit. Method: this is a methodological study for the construction of a simulated scenario and checklist, validated by experts, with the application of a pilot test on 36 nursing students between April and September 2021, at a public university in Minas Gerais. The construction stage took place by surveying evidence in the literature. The validity stage was based on instrument assessment by 13 experts, from all over Brazil, being interpreted by calculating the Content Validity Coefficient by a cut-off point equal to 0.8 or 80.0%. To assess internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha was calculated. Subsequently, a pilot test and the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale were applied. Results: after building the simulated scenario, three rounds were performed to assess the script (21 items) and two for the checklist (six items), reaching an overall Content Validity Coefficient of 0.98 and 0.95, respectively. A Cronbach’s alpha of 0.79 was obtained at the end of assessment. In the pilot test, the scenario was considered adequate, with high scores of satisfaction and self-confidence in learning, confirming its usability. Conclusion: the instrument developed by nurses to assess shockable arrhythmias in adult patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit is valid in terms of content and has good internal consistency.

Adaptação transcultural do Eating Beliefs Questionnaire para português do Brasil

The aim of this study was the cross-cultural adaptation of the Eating Belief Questionnaire (EBQ)-an instrument that assesses positive, negative, and permissive eating beliefs in relation to binge eating episodes-in its shorted version of 18 questions, into Brazilian Portuguese, for female teenagers. Conceptual, semantic, cultural and operational equivalence of the items were evaluated. The semantic and cultural equivalence involved 12 bilingual people and 12 experts in eating behavior. Operational equivalence consisted of applying the transcultural adapted version of the EBQ-18 to 20 girls with a mean age of 17.55 (SD=1.00) years. Item's clarity and understanding were assessed by the Content Validity Coefficient. Questions 5, 6, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18, with adequate classification percentage for all equivalences, were not altered. The other items were adapted according to the committee's suggestions and by consensus among researchers. The adapted version of the EBQ-18 in Brazilian Portuguese displayed good content validity coefficient for clarity (CVC=0.975) and comprehension (CVC=0.971); except for item 3, all items had values between 0.88 and 1.00. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the EBQ-18 had a good understanding by the adolescent public when it comes to investigate the role of dietary beliefs in the maintenance of binge eating episodes. Future studies with adolescents are recommended, jointly assessing risk for and presence of eating disorders in significant clinical and non-clinical samples, as well as its psychometrics properties.

JOGO DE TABULEIRO SOBRE ESTILO DE VIDA SAUDÁVEL PARA PESSOAS COM DOENÇA ARTERIAL CORONARIANA

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop and analyze content and face validity evidence of a board game to promote healthy lifestyle habits for patients with coronary artery disease. Method: this is a psychometric study of development and validity of a board game for health education. Data collection was carried out between October 2021 and January 2022. Initially, the game rules were described and, sequentially, themes related to cardiovascular prevention were identified, used as a basis for card development. The game was submitted to assessment by 14 experts in terms of clarity, theoretical relevance, practical relevance, image visibility and relationship between image and text, through a Likert scale score. The content validity coefficient was calculated for each round, with a coefficient greater than 0.57 being considered valid. New assessment rounds were performed until the appropriate coefficient was reached. Results: the board game was built containing images of anthropomorphized hearts alluding to healthy lifestyle habits and 45 spaces. A total of 69 cards were developed containing the themes of healthy eating, physical activity and the importance of smoking and alcohol cessation. In the first round of assessment, three cards did not reach the minimum content validity coefficient. They were reformulated and sent to a second round of assessment, and was considered validated in this new round. Conclusion: the game, its rules and its content showed adequate content validity evidence after the second round. Further studies to analyze its effect on lifestyle modification should be carried out.

Validation of educational entrepreneurship model in universities and higher education institutions of Iran

This research focuses on validating the educational entrepreneurship model in Iranian universities and higher education institutions. The dimensions and components of the qualitative research in this study were investigated using a survey approach. The research community consisted of managers and experts from the entrepreneurship centers of the universities in Tehran. Using the Morgan and Krajcie table, a sample size of 256 people was determined. The sampling was then conducted using the available method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, which underwent validity and reliability checks using content validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively, with the assistance of SPSS software. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the normality of the data. Statistical analysis in this research was conducted using SPSS and LISREL software. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the model. The factor loading and T-test of 17 main categories were examined in the form of 6 dimensions of the paradigm model in the educational entrepreneurship model of universities, which comprises 108 subcategories. The results indicate that there is a favorable relationship between the observed variable and its component, as well as between the components and the factors dimension, in all 6 categories. Goodness-of-fit indices were examined for all six categories, and the results showed that the model has a good fit based on the acceptance range of each index. The results of this research show that the factors and components identified in the presented model of educational entrepreneurship in Iranian universities and higher education institutions have validity and meaningful relationships. This model can serve as an effective tool for developing and enhancing entrepreneurship education in these institutions.

Development and Validation of a New Tool to Measure Performance Knowledge and Communication Skill of Multidisciplinary Health Science Learners on Radiation Emergency Preparedness and Response Management.

The purpose of the study was to design, develop, and validate a newer tool on radiation emergency preparedness responses (RadEM-PREM IPE tool) to measure communication, knowledge, performance skills in multidisciplinary health science learners. The study design is a prospective, single centric, pilot study. Five subject experts designed, analyzed, and selected items of the instrument for relevant content and domain. Psychometrics that the tool assessed were content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and intraclass correlation coefficient. Twenty-eight participants completed test-retest reliability for validation of 21 sorted out items calculated percentage of agreement >70% I-CVI/UA (item content validity index with universal acceptability) and S-CVI/UA (scale content validity index with universal agreement method). Items with percentage agreement >70% and I-CVI over 0.80 were kept, ranged from 0.70 to 0.78 were revised, and below 0.70 were rejected. Items with kappa values ranging from 0.04 to 0.59 were revised and ≥0.74 were retained. Internal consistency assessed using Cronbach's alpha was 0.449. Positive correlation between attitude and communication (r = 0.448), between performance and communication (r = 0.443) were statistically significant at 0.01 level. Overall, intraclass correlation coefficient for all the measures is 0.646, which is statistically significant at 0.05 level (P < 0.05). Study concludes that the RadEM-PREM IPE tool would be a new measuring tool to assess knowledge, performance, and communication skills of interprofessional radiation emergency response team learner's evaluation.