Content Services Research Articles

Stability, Rate, and Delay Analysis of Single Bottleneck Caching Networks

Caching has been widely considered an efficient way of reducing and balancing the growing traffic in communications networks in recent years. The cache network of interest consists of one content server connected via a shared link to a number of caching nodes, also known as a single bottleneck caching network. In this paper, for the first time, the stochastic requests traffic model in such networks is considered and a performance analysis is provided based on such a realistic assumption. In addition, we introduce new comprehensive performance metrics, which simultaneously take into account, the cache hit probability, load on the bottleneck link, and requests arrival rates. The main contribution of this paper is to present a system model based on queuing theory and provide an analysis of the stability, maximum stable throughput, load on the bottleneck link, and average response delay for various coded and uncoded caching schemes. Moreover, we propose a novel hybrid scheme that improves the shared link utilization factor, maximum stable throughput, and delay of single bottleneck caching networks compared to existing methods. Our results, validated against simulations and real trace-driven experiments, provide interesting insights into the performance of single bottleneck caching networks.

Design of User Friendly Prototype UI of Construction Work Accident Information for Big Data Contents Service

Design of User Friendly Prototype UI of Construction Work Accident Information for Big Data Contents Service

On Providing Cloud-awareness to Client's DASH Application by Using DASH over HTTP/2

Mobile Cloud Networks group together mobile users and clouds containing content servers. Hence, they are an ideal framework for media content delivery. Streamswitching adaptive video players cope well with some limitations of Mobile Cloud Networks as low bandwidth and bandwidth variability in access network. Nonetheless, other limitations, as cloud congestion, are difficult to be managed by the video players. This paper presents a system for discovering fault situations at the cloud (e.g., cloud congestion) and notifying to the video player, which will take appropriate actions for saving the quality of media transmission. In proposed implementation the video application is DASH-capable and adaptation action may be both stream rate adaptation and content server adaptation. The communication between client and server uses “bidirectional” communication feature of HTTP/2 thanks to the new deployed modules running DASH over HTTP/2 in both client’s and server’s applications.

IMPROVED STUDENT INTEREST AND UNDERSTANDING OF MATERIAL CONTENT SERVICES THROUGH CONTROL METHOD OF GAME IN DISTRICT Prembun SMP Negeri 1 Kebumen

Abstract: Interest is the motivating force that will encourage students to get excited and remember what she learned. The learning process is less qualified, inefficient and lacked the appeal, and even tend to be boring, causing low student interest. This study aims to determine the increase in interest and understanding students' mastery of content Counseling services through a game method in class VII A Prembun SMP Negeri 1 Kebumen district. This research is a classroom action research conducted in two cycles. Techniques of data retrieval from the scale of interest, observation, evaluation, documentation and interviews. Data analysis with comparative descriptive technique. Indicators of success: 1) Active engagement in the learning process well, the range of 60-80%, 2) increase student interest, and 3) Obtaining a new understanding of at least 85%. The results showed the service mastery of content game method can be: 1) increasing student interest of 76.01 (pre-cycle) to 84.50 (first cycle) and 84.17 (second cycle), 2) improving the understanding of students to 93% (cycle I) and 93.5% ( cycle II).Keywords: interest, understanding, mastery of content services, methods of a game.

The Effect of consumer perception of corporate website’s contents service upon change of corporate image: evaluating the mediation effect of consumer satisfaction

The Effect of consumer perception of corporate website’s contents service upon change of corporate image: evaluating the mediation effect of consumer satisfaction

Measurement Study of Netflix, Hulu, and a Tale of Three CDNs

Netflix and Hulu are leading Over-the-Top (OTT) content service providers in the US and Canada. Netflix alone accounts for 29.7% of the peak downstream traffic in the US in 2011. Understanding the system architectures and performance of Netflix and Hulu can shed light on the design of such large-scale video streaming platforms, and help improving the design of future systems. In this paper, we perform extensive measurement study to uncover their architectures and service strategies. Netflix and Hulu bear many similarities. Both Netflix and Hulu video streaming platforms rely heavily on the third-party infrastructures, with Netflix migrating that majority of its functions to the Amazon cloud, while Hulu hosts its services out of Akamai. Both service providers employ the same set of three content distribution networks (CDNs) in delivering the video contents. Using active measurement study, we dissect several key aspects of OTT streaming platforms of Netflix and Hulu, e.g., employed streaming protocols, CDN selection strategy, user experience reporting, etc. We discover that both platforms assign the CDN to a video request without considering the network conditions and optimizing the user-perceived video quality. We further conduct the performance measurement studies of the three CDNs employed by Netflix and Hulu. We show that the available bandwidths on all three CDNs vary significantly over the time and over the geographic locations. We propose a measurement-based adaptive CDN selection strategy and a multiple-CDN-based video delivery strategy that can significantly increase users' average available bandwidth.

Design and Implementation of Pneumatic Motion Base for 4D Home Theater

Home Entertainment system is recently being offered by Home Theater & Smart TV with contents service. Also, console game is being played in the media like in TV. The usage of 4D as the main technology in entertainment industry has mostly been limited in Theme Park, Amuse Park, Theater, and contents for Movie and Animation. Some simulation systems for game has been developed but they were made mostly by using electric or hydraulic motion system which cause high power consumption and have a restriction of place for install. The paper is attempted to build Home Entertainment system which makes users feel realistic contents by developing 4D systems for Home Entertainment rather than before. 4D control S/W in which user can insert and edit 4D effects on contents of all areas such as game, movie, and broadcasting is developed. Also, built-in pneumatic cylinder in 4D system which can be easily controlled and managed in home is developed.

Content Distribution for 5G Systems Based on Distributed Cloud Service Network Architecture

Future mobile communications face enormous challenges as traditional voice services are replaced with increasing mobile multimedia and data services. To address the vast data traffic volume and the requirement of user Quality of Experience (QoE) in the next generation mobile networks, it is imperative to develop efficient content distribution technique, aiming at significantly reducing redundant data transmissions and improving content delivery performance. On the other hand, in recent years cloud computing as a promising new content-centric paradigm is exploited to fulfil the multimedia requirements by provisioning data and computing resources on demand. In this paper, we propose a cooperative caching framework which implements State based Content Distribution (SCD) algorithm for future mobile networks. In our proposed framework, cloud service providers deploy a plurality of cloudlets in the network forming a Distributed Cloud Service Network (DCSN), and pre-allocate content services in local cloudlets to avoid redundant content transmissions. We use content popularity and content state which is determined by content requests, editorial updates and new arrivals to formulate a content distribution optimization model. Data contents are deployed in local cloudlets according to the optimal solution to achieve the lowest average content delivery latency. We use simulation experiments to validate the effectiveness of our proposed framework. Numerical results show that the proposed framework can significantly improve content cache hit rate, reduce content delivery latency and outbound traffic volume in comparison with known existing caching strategies.

Real-time personalized content catering via viewer sentiment feedback: a QoE perspective

Multimedia content service and delivery have long been plagued by the difficulty in obtaining feedback on users’ true quality of experience. Existing estimation methods do not adequately cover all relevant factors, whereas questionnaires are costly, time-consuming, and impossible to scale. In this work, we present a framework for estimating a viewer’s reactions toward on-screen content in real time by capturing and analyzing his/her facial video, thus allowing up-to-date learning of the viewer’s preferences to occur, enabling the content provider to serve the most desirable and relevant contents and advertisements. Experiments have shown that the proposed sentiment analysis method can predict the viewer’s preferences with good accuracy.

Camera Motion Editor Tool and its Editing Method of CMF and MOT by Using Interactive Ride Game Contents Development

Representation method of interactive ride game contents can be characterized as a synchronize process between the X, Y, Z coordinate value - camera path data of stereophonic imaginary world of which spreading through digital screen, and physical movement of motion chair. This paper introduced a motion frame editor tool and method of interactive ride game contents which allows modifying motion frame, and shows appropriate adaptability on multimedia content developing program. While data being modified by motion frame editing tool inside of UNITY 3D Game Engine. Data can be directly identified as the coordinate changes of X, Y, Z follow by the movement of camera, it is possible to shorten the production period and cut spending. In addition, comparing with using input operation of mouse drawing method during the editing period of a whole project, we hope to present a more convenient editing operation that can help improving interactive ride game contents service.

Coloring-based scheduling for interactive game application with wireless body area networks

A wireless body area network (WBAN) consists of wireless sensors and a central processing device collecting data from the sensors. The WBAN is used to monitor human physical actions. This is applicable to an interactive game with multiple WBANs, i.e., multiple players, by using light-weight and wearable sensors. In the interactive game application, WBANs which are positioned in a place need to be relayed to communicate with a wireless home contents server connecting to a game server, where a WBAN has a short communication range. In this application, two problems are encountered: the WBANs interfere with each other due to a shared wireless medium, and WBANs which are located nearby to the wireless home contents server require to convey more data than necessary due to the relayed data. This degrades a total network throughput. In this paper, we present a coloring-based scheduling method to avoid the interference by allocating different time-slots to adjacent WBANs and to increase the total throughput by allocating more time-slots to traffic-intensive WBANs. The method is evaluated via simulations and discussed.

IPR Centered Institutional Service and Tools for Content and Metadata Management

Multimedia services of cultural institutions need to be supported by content, metadata and workflow management systems to efficiently manage huge amount of content items and metadata production. Online digital libraries and cultural heritage institutions, as well as portals of publishers need an integrated multimedia back office in order to aggregate content collection and provide them to national and international aggregators, with respect to Intellectual Property Rights, IPR. The aim of this paper is to formalize and discuss requirements, modeling, design and validation of an institutional aggregator for metadata and content, coping with IPR Models for conditional access and providing content towards Europeana, the European international aggregator. This paper presents the identification of the Content Aggregator requirements for content management and IPR, and thus the definition and realization of a corresponding distributed architecture and workflow solution satisfying them. The main contributions of this paper consist of the formalization of IPR Model that enable the shortening of the activities for the IPR resolution, and avoid the assignment of conflicting rights/permissions during IPR model formalization, and thus of licensing. The proposed solution, models and tools have been validated in the case of the ECLAP service and results are reported in the paper. ECLAP Content Aggregator has been established by the European Commission to serve Europeana for the thematic area of Performing Arts institutions.

일반영향요인과 댓글기반 콘텐츠 네트워크 분석을 통합한 유튜브(Youtube)상의 콘텐츠 확산 영향요인 연구

Social media is an emerging issue in content services and in current business environment. YouTube is the most representative social media service in the world. YouTube is different from other conventional content services in its open user participation and contents creation methods. To promote a content in YouTube, it is important to understand the diffusion phenomena of contents and the network structural characteristics. Most previous studies analyzed impact factors of contents diffusion from the view point of general behavioral factors. Currently some researchers use network structure factors. However, these two approaches have been used separately. However this study tries to analyze the general impact factors on the view count and content based network structures all together. In addition, when building a content based network, this study forms the network structure by analyzing user comments on 22,370 contents of YouTube not based on the individual user based network. From this study, we re-proved statistically the causal relations between view count and not only general factors but also network factors. Moreover by analyzing this integrated research model, we found that these factors affect the view count of YouTube according to the following order; Uploader Followers, Video Age, Betweenness Centrality, Comments, Closeness Centrality, Clustering Coefficient and Rating. However Degree Centrality and Eigenvector Centrality affect the view count negatively. From this research some strategic points for the utilizing of contents diffusion are as followings. First, it is needed to manage general factors such as the number of uploader followers or subscribers, the video age, the number of comments, average rating points, and etc. The impact of average rating points is not so much important as we thought before. However, it is needed to increase the number of uploader followers strategically and sustain the contents in the service as long as possible. Second, we need to pay attention to the impacts of betweenness centrality and closeness centrality among other network factors. Users seems to search the related subject or similar contents after watching a content. It is needed to shorten the distance between other popular contents in the service. Namely, this study showed that it is beneficial for increasing view counts by decreasing the number of search attempts and increasing similarity with many other contents. This is consistent with the result of the clustering coefficient impact analysis. Third, it is important to notice the negative impact of degree centrality and eigenvector centrality on the view count. If the number of connections with other contents is too much increased it means there are many similar contents and eventually it might distribute the view counts. Moreover, too high eigenvector centrality means that there are connections with popular contents around the content, and it might lose the view count because of the impact of the popular contents. It would be better to avoid connections with too powerful popular contents. From this study we analyzed the phenomenon and verified diffusion factors of Youtube contents by using an integrated model consisting of general factors and network structure factors. From the viewpoints of social contribution, this study might provide useful information to music or movie industry or other contents vendors for their effective contents services. This research provides basic schemes that can be applied strategically in online contents marketing. One of the limitations of this study is that this study formed a contents based network for the network structure analysis. It might be an indirect method to see the content network structure. We can use more various methods to establish direct content network. Further researches include more detailed researches like an analysis according to the types of contents or domains or characteristics of the contents or users, and etc.

Evaluation the effect of mobile information services for public transportation through the empirical research on commuter trains

Railways play an important role in the way people move around their communities. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors which improve overall satisfaction with railway services in order to increase railway usage. This literature especially focuses on mobile information services on commuter trains. In this study we verified what kind of mobile information services passengers need while using railways, especially while on board, through two empirical surveys on commercial commuting trains. We provided not only rail information but also marketing-related information such as news, shop information, advertising and coupons for smartphones. Content server access logs were then obtained and analyzed, and several questionnaires were conducted in order to evaluate these information services during the test period. We used customer satisfaction (CS) portfolio analysis in order to clarify the relationship between satisfaction with each type of content and overall intent to use the mobile information services.Both times it was indicated that almost 90% of passengers who answered questionnaires would use these mobile information services if the services were actually introduced, and that satisfaction with railway information content was higher than that with marketing contents. From access logs to installed content servers on board, it was found that railway information is frequently accessed as well. In-station shops information and coupons were accessed as frequently as railway information. This result indicated that there were latent needs for these contents. This result was also drawn from CS portfolio analysis. These contents can be divided into the following types according to different points of view, location-based contents and non-location-based contents. We also found that the satisfaction with location-based information content affected overall intent of using these mobile information services. We also found that content that changes according to time received higher evaluation than other content.For the second surveys we built a system that can provide information on board connected with the internet. We found that over 60% of passengers who connected to the on-board network used the internet not only for on-board information services but also to browse other websites, using SNS and sending or receiving emails. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between the internet usage in this on-board mobile information service and overall intent to use this service. From this result, it was quantitatively found that offering an internet connection affected overall intent in using the on-board mobile information services.

하둡 환경에 적합한 클러스터 그룹 기반 속성 정보를 이용한 빅 데이터 관리 기법

소셜 네트워크 기술이 발달하면서 빅 데이터 서비스에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 그러나, 중앙 서버가 아닌 분산 서버에 저장된 데이터를 손쉽게 검색 및 추출하기 위한 기술은 부족한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 빅 데이터 서비스를 제공하는 컨텐츠 서버와 관리 서버에서 사용자가 원하는 정보의 처리시간을 최소화하기 위한 빅 데이터 관리 기법을 제안하다. 제안 기법은 빅 데이터의 종류, 기능, 특성에 따라 데이터를 그룹으로 분류한 후 분류된 그룹내 데이터를 속성정보와 연계하여 해쉬체인에 적용한다. 또한, 분산 서버에 저장된 데이터를 최단 시간에 추출하기 위해서 데이터 인덱스 정보(DII, Data Index Information)를 그룹화하여 데이터에 부여된 다중의 속성 정보를 분류하여 데이터의 처리 속도를 향상시킨다. 실험 결과, 클러스터 그룹 수에 따른 데이터의 평균 검색 시간은 평균 14.6% 향상되었고, 키워드 수에 따른 데이터 처리시간은 평균 13% 단축되었다. Social network technology has been increasing interest in the big data service and development. However, the data stored in the distributed server and not on the central server technology is easy enough to find and extract. In this paper, we propose a big data management techniques to minimize the processing time of information you want from the content server and the management server that provides big data services. The proposed method is to link the in-group data, classified data and groups according to the type, feature, characteristic of big data and the attribute information applied to a hash chain. Further, the data generated to extract the stored data in the distributed server to record time for improving the data index information processing speed of the data classification of the multi-attribute information imparted to the data. As experimental result, The average seek time of the data through the number of cluster groups was increased an average of 14.6% and the data processing time through the number of keywords was reduced an average of 13%.

Data Security Scheme for Multiple Attribution Information in Big Data Environment

Recently, as the installation and deletion of not only the Internet but also applications have become easy without any time or place constraints through 3G networks as well as other diverse interfaces such as Wi-Fi and Wibro, the amounts of data are increasing and the kinds of data are being diversified. However, socially large repercussions are arising because methods of protecting user data are insufficient. In the present paper, a security scheme is proposed that will link big data to attribution information to enable users to be provided with big data services from different networks in real time. The proposed scheme inserts attribution information at the beginning and end of contents for provision of big data contents services in real time so that both authentication and non-repudiation can be provided for the contents even if one of the two signatures is lost. In addition, the proposed scheme enhanced the security of contents data by transferring hash chain values to prevent attribution information from being unnecessarily exposed to any 3rd party.

An ontology-based framework for mobile learning in rural secondary schools

In some countries mobile learning is becoming an important issue in academic institutions, as teachers and students get connected to networks through smart phones that combine telephony, computing, messaging and multimedia. However, in rural areas the process of designing, communicating and presenting learning resources, content services and learning content for mobile learners poses challenges. Teachers and students are not able to connect to networks for the purposes of learning and teaching. Therefore an enabler framework for this purpose becomes necessary. Those who connect to the Internet are not able to get precise and relevant content that meets their requirements and needs. This is due to poor internet connectivity, lack of semantics on content, inaccurate searches and information overload. This paper proposes a solution to some of the challenges by designing a conceptual ontology-based framework for mobile learning which could be used in rural secondary schools. The framework takes into account the following: a knowledge base, ontology, software agents, learning resources and learning/teaching content. Agents search for learning objects and extract knowledge according to learner and teacher/instructor profiles. The proposed framework would facilitate collaboration, sharing of ideas, instruction flow and access to learning and teaching content with accuracy, anytime from anywhere.

OTT (Over-The-Top) in 2015

OTT (Over the Top) is the name given to media entertainment services delivered over the Internet. It usually refers to “premium” content services and is typically used in connection with services offered by traditional broadcast operators and content production houses over the Internet. The definition of “premium” is of course unclear and it may be taken as a purely technical catch-all e.g., high-production values, high-resolution pictures, and sound. Perhaps a better definition is “media that customers are willing to pay for” or “media for which access is managed by some kind of authentication.” This article reports on the state of the OTT sector to date.

A Study on Optimized Watermarking Scheme for MPEG-4 Contents Services on Mobile Device

Content for mobile devices, unlike content for PCs, need to be optimized for the features of the mobile device. In recent years, with the progress in mobile telecom technology including Wibro and 3G, various types of mobile devices have become widely available, such as PMP, PDA, or UMPC. This has drawn attention to interactive multimedia services such as IPTV, DMB broadcasting, mobile portals and mobile TVs. However, in order to provide appropriate services for the mobile environment, the process of converting MPEG-4 BIFS to LASeR is required. This paper proposed optimized watermarking scheme for mobile device. Proposed watermarking algorithm uses z-axis location information of MPEG-4 BIFS and original model is not needed in extraction procedure. This proposed watermarking algorithm has good imperceptibility and robustness against the geometrical attacks such as noise addition, simplification and cropping. And it is proved that this proposed algorithm is good for access control capability by the experiment.

Professional medical social networks: An evolving source of professional knowledge and content

Healthcare Professional Social Networks (HCPSNs) have become a global resource. There are numerous networks visible in countries around the world. This research looks at a selected sample of global HCPSNs with a particular focus on the potential of these emerging networks to become a growing source of professional content. The research evaluates the content offerings of six networks, Sermo, Doximity, QuantiaMD, Neuros, DXY and Networks in Health. First, there is a brief discussion of trends in the membership dynamics of these organizations. The next section summarizes the content services available from each network at a high level. The findings reveal that HCPSNs offer their members an opportunity to be content producers, as well as an available audience for various forms of educational and promotional forms of content. The presentation offers a view of the impact of these networks on the STM publishing industry, including professional medical societies.