One of the leading manifestations of chronic cerebrovascular diseases is impairment of cognitive and motor functions. Drugs recognized as neuroprotectors are used to correct such impairments. They intervene in and inhibit the pathogenetic cascade that results in the cell death in vascular pathology. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of neuroprotective therapy for cerebrovascular insufficiency (CVI). Materials and Methods. The study was conducted at the neurological department of the Ulyanovsk Central Clinical Medical Sanitary Station. The study included data analysis on 60 patients divided into two groups of 30 people each. Patients of the main group received neuroprotective therapy with Cortexin and Neuromexol (Geropharm, Russia) for 10 days along with standard treatment. Patients of the comparison group received only standard treatment. Blood was sampled twice: before and after treatment. The total antioxidant status (TAS) was determined in the blood serum. Such markers as neuron -specific enolase (NSE), antibodies to NR2 peptide were also examined. Statistical processing of the results was performed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and Statistica 13.0. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results. Against the background of neuroprotective therapy, patients of the main group with cerebrovascular insufficiency demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in TAS (by 87.7 %), a decrease in the NSE level (by 2 times) and concentration of antibodies to NR2 peptide (by 47.1 %) compared with the comparison group (p<0.05), which pathogenetically justified use of neuroprotective drugs. Conclusions. According to our study, neuroprotective therapy is effective in the treatment of patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency.