Human Capital Content Research Articles

Trade and Endogenous Growth with Ricardo‐Viner Production Technology*

This paper derives three main results. First, learning by doing is sufficient to generate endogenous growth under Ricardo‐ Viner production technology. One implication of this result is that policy has a role when agents do not intermalize the dynamic gains from learning. Second, trade is advantageous for a small country and in the case of domestic goods having low elasticity of substitution in final consumption, high human capital content and/or a high learning rate. Third, border distortions in the form of import tariffs can affect pattern of specialization and long‐run growth but only for large economies and under very special circumstances.

Immigration, human capital and growth in the host country

Immigration, as a source of population growth, is traditionally associated, by neoclassical economics, with negative output and growth effects for the host economy in per capita terms. This paper explores how different these effects can be when the human capital brought in by immigrants upon arrival is explicitly considered in a Solow growth model augmented by human capital and migration. The main finding is that the negative output and growth effects of immigration tend to become less important the higher the imported immigrants' human capital relative to natives. In order to evaluate the order of magnitude of these effects, descriptive evidence, based on education data, and econometric evidence, based upon the estimation of the transition equation in the augmented Solow model, is provided for a set of OECD economies during the period 1960-1985. Because of their human capital content, migration inflows are shown to have less than half the negative impact of comparable natural population increases.

Human Capital Content of Canadian Immigrants: 1967-1987

The central aim of this paper is to assess the effects of changing Canadian immigration policies circa 1967-87 on the human capital flows from developed and less developed countries to Canada. Calculations of various replacement cost concepts for the human capital flows are made for three major policy periods; 1967-73, 1974-79, and 1979-87. In sum, total human capital flows from all countries declined over the policy periods. Developed countries sent the majority (66 percent) of this declining total over the period. However, tests do not support the hypothesis that the average educational content of highly trained immigrants has delcined. Rather, the large decline in human capital flows is a result of changing immigration policies which restricted the total flow of skilled immigrants and favored other entry classes.

An assessment of the human capital content of international migrants: an application to U.S. immigration.

The authors present a methodology for measuring the magnitude of international migration flows that includes an earnings equation approach as an economic dimension. "Applying our methodology to U.S. immigration, we find considerable variation across source regions in the value of immigrants. Moreover, we find that simply comparing initial earnings without controlling for differences in the characteristics and migration patterns of immigrants from the various source regions can misrepresent the relative earnings potential or value of migrants." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND GER)

The Size and Distribution of Human Capital Transfers from LDCs to Canada: 1966-1973

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Size and Distribution of Human Capital Transfers from LDCs to Canada: 1966-1973Don DeVoretz and Dennis MakiDon DeVoretz Search for more articles by this author and Dennis Maki Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Volume 28, Number 4Jul., 1980 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/451215 Views: 2Total views on this site Citations: 6Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1980 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Gracia Liu-Farrer Educationally Channeled International Labor Mobility: Contemporary Student Migration from China to Japan, International Migration Review 43, no.11 (Mar 2009): 178–204.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2008.01152.xAzmat Gani, Bert D. Ward Migration of professionals from Fiji to New Zealand: A reduced form supply-demand model, World Development 23, no.99 (Sep 1995): 1633–1637.https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(95)00063-ISajjad Akbar, Don J. Devoretz Canada's demand for Third World highly trained immigrants: 1976–86, World Development 21, no.11 (Jan 1993): 177–187.https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(93)90145-YJohn M. Mcdowell, Larry D. Singell An Assessment of the Human Capital Content of International Migrants: An Application to US Immigration, Regional Studies 27, no.44 (Jan 1993): 351–363.https://doi.org/10.1080/00343409312331347615Don P. Clark, Henry Thompson Immigration, international capital flows, and long run income distribution in Canada, Atlantic Economic Journal 14, no.44 (Dec 1986): 24–29.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02303211Don Devoretz, Dennis Maki The immigration of Third World professionals to Canada: 1968–1973, World Development 11, no.11 (Jan 1983): 55–64.https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(83)90086-4

The Immigration of Scientists and Engineers to the United States, 1949-61

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Immigration of Scientists and Engineers to the United States, 1949-61H. G. Grubel and A. D. ScottH. G. Grubel Search for more articles by this author and A. D. Scott Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Political Economy Volume 74, Number 4Aug., 1966 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/259179 Views: 9Total views on this site Citations: 27Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1966 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Frédéric Docquier, Stefanija Veljanoska Is Emigration Harmful to Those Left Behind?, Annual Review of Resource Economics 12, no.11 (Oct 2020): 367–388.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-110419-125230József Golovics Addressing the EU's East-West Brain Drain: Why a Tax Solution would be in Vain, New Perspectives 27, no.22 (Feb 2020): 63–85.https://doi.org/10.1177/2336825X1902700204Ciprian Panzaru, Robert D. Reisz Brain Drain Migration from Romanian Academia. The End of a Mirage, European Review Of Applied Sociology 10, no.1414 (Oct 2017): 34–48.https://doi.org/10.1515/eras-2017-0003Udo Kreickemeier, Jens Wrona Two-Way Migration between Similar Countries, The World Economy 40, no.11 (Jan 2016): 182–206.https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.12377Alassane Drabo, Linguère Mously Mbaye Natural disasters, migration and education: an empirical analysis in developing countries, Environment and Development Economics 20, no.66 (Sep 2014): 767–796.https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355770X14000606Xiaofeng Fan, Akira Yakita Brain drain and technological relationship between skilled and unskilled labor: brain gain or brain loss?, Journal of Population Economics 24, no.44 (May 2010): 1359–1368.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-010-0321-0Natasha Iskander, Nichola Lowe The Transformers: Immigration and Tacit Knowledge Development, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2011).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1745082Terri Kim Shifting patterns of transnational academic mobility: a comparative and historical approach, Comparative Education 45, no.33 (Aug 2009): 387–403.https://doi.org/10.1080/03050060903184957Pierpaolo Giannoccolo The Brain Drain: A Survey of the Literature, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2009).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1374329Debasis Mondal, Manash Ranjan Gupta Innovation, imitation and intellectual property rights: Introducing migration in Helpman’s model, Japan and the World Economy 20, no.33 (Aug 2008): 369–394.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japwor.2007.03.005Pierpaolo Giannoccolo Brain Drain and Fiscal Competition: A Theoretical Model for Europe, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2008).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1374251Jean-Christophe Dumont, Georges Lemaître Beyond the Headlines, Revue économique Vol. 56, no.66 (Dec 2005): 1275–1299.https://doi.org/10.3917/reco.566.1275Thomas K. Bauer, John P. Haisken-DeNew, Christoph M. Schmidt International Labor Migration, Economic Growth and Labor Markets - The Current State of Affairs, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2004).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.784548Ather H. Akbari Immigrant “Quality” in Canada: More Direct Evidence of Human Capital Content, 1956–1994 , International Migration Review 33, no.11 (Jun 2018): 156–175.https://doi.org/10.1177/019791839903300107John M. Mcdowell, Larry D. Singell An Assessment of the Human Capital Content of International Migrants: An Application to US Immigration, Regional Studies 27, no.44 (Jan 1993): 351–363.https://doi.org/10.1080/00343409312331347615BHARATI BASU INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND WELFARE IN THE PRESENCE OF NON-TRADED GOODS: AN INTERCONNECTED MARKETS APPROACH, International Economic Journal 6, no.44 (Dec 1992): 33–45.https://doi.org/10.1080/10168739200080025Don Devoretz, Dennis Maki The immigration of Third World professionals to Canada: 1968–1973, World Development 11, no.11 (Jan 1983): 55–64.https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(83)90086-4Francisco L. Rivera-Batiz International migration, non-traded goods and economic welfare in the source country, Journal of Development Economics 11, no.11 (Aug 1982): 81–90.https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(82)90043-8J. Vlachý Mobility in science, Scientometrics 1, no.22 (Jan 1979): 201–228.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02016972 Rachel McCulloch , and Janet L. Yellen Factor Mobility, Regional Development, and the Distribution of Income, Journal of Political Economy 85, no.11 (Oct 2015): 79–96.https://doi.org/10.1086/260546Dieter Wermuth, Nanny Wermuth Some determinants of the migration of professional manpower, Demography 12, no.44 (Nov 1975): 615–628.https://doi.org/10.2307/2060717William E. Powles, Johanna B. Gysbertsen, John F. Robertson Migration of Canadian Physicians to Psychiatry in the United States , Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal 17, no.11 (Apr 2017): 59–64.https://doi.org/10.1177/070674377201700110 Bibliography, (Jan 1970): 185–194.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-016163-1.50016-3 R. Albert Berry , and Ronald Soligo Some Welfare Aspects of International Migration, Journal of Political Economy 77, no.55 (Oct 2015): 778–794.https://doi.org/10.1086/259562Mary Jean Bowman PRINClPLES IN THE VALUATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL, Review of Income and Wealth 14, no.33 (Sep 1968): 217–246.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1968.tb00943.x University and Science across the World, International Migration 6, no.33 (Jul 1968): 112–128.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.1968.tb01057.xHerbert G. Grubel The Brain Drain: A U. S. Dilemma, Science 154, no.37553755 (Dec 1966): 1420–1424.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.154.3755.1420